JP5080184B2 - Plant vitality composition - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a plant vital agent composition. Here, hereinafter, the “plant” represents one that can be recognized from the wording of the plant itself, vegetable, fruit, fruit tree, grain, seed, bulb, flower, herb (herb), taxonomic plant, etc. .

  Various nutritional elements are necessary for plants to grow, but it is known that if some of these elements are deficient, plant growth will be hindered. For example, as the three major elements of fertilizer, nitrogen is a component element of protein. Phosphorus plays an important role not only in the constituent elements of nucleic acids and phospholipids, but also in energy metabolism and synthesis and decomposition reactions of substances. There are physiological effects of substance metabolism and mass transfer. The lack of these major components generally leads to poor plant growth. Calcium is an important component that constitutes plants and cells, and also plays an important role in maintaining the balance of the metabolic system. In addition, various nutrients are necessary for plants such as Mg, Fe, S, B, Mn, Cu, Zn, Mo, Cl, Si, and Na.

  These nutrients such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium are fertilized in the form of original fertilizer and additional fertilizer, or liquid fertilizer is diluted and applied by soil irrigation or foliar application. These fertilizers are indispensable for plant growth, but even if given at a certain concentration or higher, they cannot contribute to improvement of plant growth and yield.

  However, promoting the growth of crops and increasing the yield by increasing the yield per unit area is an important issue in agricultural production, and various plant growth regulators necessary for this purpose have been developed and used. Plant growth regulators typified by gibberellins and auxins are used to control germination, rooting, elongation, flowering, fruit growth, and morphogenic reactions. And complex and has limited applications.

In order to solve such problems, foliar spray using oligosaccharide (Patent Document 1), foliar spray of liquid fertilizer containing sugar, mineral, amino acid, seaweed extract or microbial fermentation extract or The solution fertilization technique is known, but it cannot be said that the effect is practically sufficient. In addition, as disclosed in Patent Documents 2 to 11, the provision of vitality to plants using various substances, the increase in yield or improvement in quality of agricultural products have been proposed.
JP-A-9-322647 JP 2000-198703 A JP 2001-288010 A JP 2001-316204 A JP 2001-316205 A JP 2001-316208 A JP 2001-316207 A JP 2002-265305 A JP 2002-265306 A JP 2006-182684 A JP 2006-213612 A

  As a result of applying a large amount of fertilizer to the soil for the purpose of increasing crop yields, various elements in the soil become excessive, the balance of absorption becomes worse, plant growth stagnation, etc. There are problems that cannot be achieved or quality such as sugar content (Brix. Value) does not increase. In addition, because the roots have limited nutrient absorption, there is an attempt to spray an aqueous solution or suspension of the required fertilizer element directly and absorb it from the leaf surface or fruit. However, there is a problem in terms of absorption efficiency, and spraying an excessive amount of fertilizer component conversely stresses plants and causes phytotoxicity.

  Under such circumstances, there is a demand for a plant vitality agent that does not cause phytotoxicity or the like on plants and has an excellent versatility for enhancing plant growth.

  The present invention provides at least one antioxidant selected from the group consisting of flavone, quercetin, rutin, chlorophyll, caffeine, catechin, polyphenol, sesamin, sesamol, astaxanthin, curcumin and carotene (hereinafter referred to as component (a)). It is related with the plant vitality agent composition to contain.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the plant vitality agent composition which does not bring a phytotoxicity etc. with respect to a plant, and shows the outstanding plant growth enhancement effect with versatility is provided.

<(A) component>
The component (a) of the present invention is presumed to bring about an excellent plant growth enhancing effect because oxidative stress is removed by erasing the peroxidic substances generated in the plant body. As the component (a) of the present invention, one or more antioxidants selected from the group consisting of flavone, quercetin, rutin, chlorophyll, caffeine, catechin, polyphenol, sesamin, sesamol, astaxanthin, curcumin and carotene are used. Especially, 1 or more types chosen from the group which consists of flavone, quercetin, and catechin are preferable from a viewpoint of a plant growth enhancement effect.

  Among these, it is more preferable to contain catechin. In the present invention, catechin includes non-epimeric catechins such as catechin, gallocatechin, catechin gallate, and gallocatechin gallate, and epicatechins such as epicatechin, epigallocatechin, epicatechin gallate, and epigallocatechin gallate. It is a general term. The catechins used in the present invention include green teas such as sencha, bancha, gyokuro, tencha, and kettle tea made from tea leaves obtained from the genus Camellia, for example, C. sinensis and C.assaimica, or hybrids thereof. Extracted from the tea leaves of fermented tea such as Darjeeling, Assam, Sri Lanka, etc. can get. Further, instead of extracting from tea leaves, a concentrate of tea extract may be used by dissolving in water, or an extract from tea leaves and a concentrate of tea extract may be used in combination. The concentrate of tea extract referred to here is a concentrate obtained by concentrating an extract obtained by extracting tea leaves with hot water or a water-soluble organic solvent, and is disclosed in JP-A-59-219384 and JP-A-4-20589. It is prepared by the method exemplified in detail in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-260907, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-306279, and the like. As commercial products, Mitsui Norin Co., Ltd. “Polyphenone”, ITO EN Co., Ltd. “Theafranc”, Taiyo Kagaku Co., Ltd. “Sunphenon”, Suntory Co., Ltd. “Sunwoolon” and the like can be mentioned. In addition, catechins can be used from other raw materials, column purified products, and chemically synthesized products. The form of the concentrate of the tea extract here includes various forms such as a solid, an aqueous solution, and a slurry. Examples of the medium for dissolving the tea extract include water, carbonated water, teas containing commercially available levels of catechins, and the like.

  The plant vitality composition of the present invention can be used as a treatment liquid containing the vitality agent and water, and the concentration of the component (a) in the treatment liquid is as a concentration when applied to a plant body. When foliar spraying is performed, 0.01 ppm to 10000 ppm is preferable, 0.1 to 5000 ppm is more preferable, 1 to 2000 ppm is more preferable, 10 to 1000 ppm is still more preferable, and 50 to 500 ppm is even more preferable. When applied from the underground in soil and hydroponics, 0.01 ppm to 10000 ppm is preferable, more preferably 0.1 to 2000 ppm, still more preferably 1 to 1000 ppm, still more preferably 1 to 500 ppm, still more preferably 1 to 100 ppm. Is preferred.

<Surfactant>
In the present invention, a surfactant can be used together with the component (a). By using a surfactant as necessary, the wettability, adhesion, and permeability of the component (a) to the plant surface are dramatically improved, the effect of the component (a) is enhanced, or the effect is efficiently exhibited. By doing so, the use concentration of the component (a) can be reduced.

  Nonionic surfactants include resin acid esters, polyoxyalkylene resin acid esters, polyoxyalkylene alkyl ethers, polyoxyalkylene alkyl phenyl ethers, alkyl alkanolamides, and the like.

  Examples of the anionic surfactant include carboxylic acid-based surfactants, sulfonic acid-based surfactants, sulfate ester-based surfactants, and preferably one or more selected from carboxylic acid-based surfactants and phosphate ester-based surfactants. .

  Examples of the carboxylic acid-based surfactant include fatty acids having 6 to 30 carbon atoms or salts thereof, polyvalent carboxylates, polyoxyalkylene alkyl ether carboxylates, polyoxyalkylene alkylamide ether carboxylates, rosinates, Examples include dimer acid salts, polymer acid salts, tall oil fatty acid salts, and esterified starches. Of these, esterified starch, and alkenyl succinylated starch are preferred.

  Examples of the sulfonic acid surfactant include alkylbenzene sulfonate, alkyl sulfonate, alkyl naphthalene sulfonate, naphthalene sulfonate, diphenyl ether sulfonate, alkyl naphthalene sulfonate condensate, and naphthalene sulfonic acid condensation. Examples include physical salts.

  Examples of sulfate surfactants include alkyl sulfates, polyoxyalkylene alkyl sulfates, polyoxyalkylene alkyl phenyl ether sulfates, tristyrenated phenol sulfates, polyoxyalkylene distyrenated phenol sulfates. Etc.

Examples of the phosphate ester surfactant include alkyl phosphate ester salts, alkylphenyl phosphate ester salts, polyoxyalkylene alkyl phosphate ester salts, and polyoxyalkylene alkylphenyl phosphate ester salts.
Examples of the salt include metal salts (Na, K, Ca, Mg, Zn, etc.), ammonium salts, alkanolamine salts, aliphatic amine salts, and the like.

  Amphoteric surfactants include amino acid salts such as acyl amino acid salts, acyl sarcosine salts, acyloylmethylaminopropionates, alkylaminopropionates, acylamidoethylhydroxyethylmethylcarboxylates, imidazolines, and alkyldimethylamines. Examples include amine oxides such as oxide, alkyldiethanolamine oxide, and alkylamidopropylamine oxide.

  The concentration of the surfactant in the treatment liquid is preferably 0.1 to 10000 ppm, more preferably 1 to 5000 ppm, and still more preferably 10 to 1000 ppm as the concentration when applied to the plant body when spraying the leaves. When applying from the underground part in soil and hydroponics, 0.01 to 5000 ppm is preferable, 0.1 to 1000 ppm is more preferable, and 1 to 500 ppm is more preferable.

  In the present invention, the weight ratio of the component (a) to the surfactant is preferably 0.001 to 1000, more preferably 0.01 to 100, as the component (a) / surfactant, from the viewpoint of improving solubility. 0.1 to 10 is more preferable.

<Chelating agent>
In the present invention, a chelating agent can be used together with the component (a). By using a chelating agent, the stability of the composition prepared from the component (a) and other components and the treatment liquid can be dramatically improved, and as a result, the plant vitality-imparting effect can be stabilized. When an organic acid having the following chelating ability or a salt thereof is used in combination as a chelating agent, the plant vitality-imparting effect is stabilized. Specifically, citric acid, gluconic acid, malic acid, heptonic acid, oxalic acid, malonic acid, lactic acid, tartaric acid, succinic acid, fumaric acid, maleic acid, adipic acid, glutaric acid and other oxycarboxylic acids, polyvalent carboxylic acids And potassium salts, sodium salts, alkanolamine salts, aliphatic amine salts and the like thereof. Further, a chelating agent other than an organic acid may be mixed. As a chelating agent to be mixed, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) or a salt thereof, nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA) or a salt thereof, 1,2-cyclohexanediaminetetraacetic acid monohydrate. Examples thereof include aminocarboxylic acid-based chelating agents such as (CDTA) or a salt thereof.

  The concentration of the chelating agent in the treatment solution is preferably 0.1 to 10000 ppm, more preferably 1 to 5000 ppm, and even more preferably 10 to 1000 ppm when spraying the leaves as the concentration when applied to the plant body. When applying from the underground part in soil and hydroponics, 0.1-10000 ppm is preferable, 1-5000 ppm is more preferable, and 10-1000 ppm is more preferable.

<Fertilizer ingredients>
In the present invention, a fertilizer component can be further used together with the component (a).

As a fertilizer component, specifically, N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, B, Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, Mo, Cl, Si, Na, etc., and further, N, P, K, Ca, Examples include inorganic substances and organic substances that serve as a source of Mg. Examples of such inorganic substances include ammonium nitrate, potassium nitrate, ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride, ammonium phosphate, sodium nitrate, urea, ammonium carbonate, potassium phosphate, superphosphate lime, and molten phosphorus fertilizer (3MgO · CaO · P ₂ O ₅ · 3CaSiO _2), potassium sulfate, salts potassium nitrate of lime, slaked lime, lime carbonate, magnesium sulfate, magnesium hydroxide, magnesium carbonate, and the like. Organic substances include chicken dung, beef dung, bark compost, peptone, Mieki, fermented extract, calcium salts of organic acids (citric acid, gluconic acid, succinic acid, etc.), fatty acids (formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, caprylic acid) , Capric acid, caproic acid, etc.). These fertilizer components can also be used in combination with a surfactant. It is not necessary to add the fertilizer component when the fertilizer component is sufficiently applied as the original fertilizer in the soil, such as in the field cultivation of leafy vegetables. Moreover, it is preferable to mix | blend a fertilizer component with the type of cultivation form which avoids excessive application of original fertilizer and gives a fertilizer component in the same way as irrigation like a hydroponics and hydroponics.

  The concentration of the fertilizer component in the treatment liquid is preferably 0.1 to 5000 ppm, more preferably 1 to 1000 ppm for the N component, the P component, and the K component, respectively, as the concentration when applied to the plant body when spraying the leaves. Further, 10 to 500 ppm is more preferable. When applied from the underground in soil and hydroponics, the N component, P component, and K component are each preferably 0.1 to 5000 ppm, more preferably 1 to 1000 ppm, and even more preferably 10 to 500 ppm. Moreover, the density | concentration which added all the fertilizer components has preferable 1-10000 ppm, 10-5000 ppm is more preferable, and 50-2000 ppm is more preferable when foliar spraying. The concentration of all fertilizer components added is preferably 1 to 10000 ppm, more preferably 10 to 5000 ppm, and even more preferably 50 to 2000 ppm when applied from the underground in soil and hydroponics.

  The content of the component (a) in the plant vitality composition of the present invention is preferably 0.1 to 50% by weight, more preferably 1 to 25% by weight. The surfactant content is preferably 0.1 to 25% by weight, more preferably 1 to 10% by weight. Further, the content of the chelating agent is preferably 0.1 to 25% by weight, more preferably 1 to 10% by weight. The fertilizer content is preferably 0.1 to 90% by weight, more preferably 1 to 50% by weight. It is preferable to prepare a treatment solution containing each component at the above concentration from a composition containing each component at these concentrations and apply it to a plant.

  The form of the plant vitality composition of the present invention may be liquid, flowable, paste, wettable powder, granule, powder, tablet or the like, and when diluted with water, it is usually a plant vitality composition. The concentration of the component (a) in the product is sprayed on the leaves and roots of the plant as a treatment liquid (aqueous solution, aqueous dispersion, emulsion, etc.) in the above range.

  The present invention can be applied to a plant cultivation method comprising supplying the plant vitality composition of the present invention to a plant. Various means can be used as a method for cultivating the plant vitality composition of the present invention on a plant. For example, powders and granules can be administered directly like solid fertilizers such as chemical fertilizers, diluted water dispersions can be sprayed directly on plants such as leaves, stems, fruits, etc. The method of diluting and supplying to the hydroponic liquid and supply water which are in contact with the root like cultivation cultivation or rock wool is mentioned. That is, the cultivation method of irrigating to the soil of soil cultivation, adding to the hydroponics liquid of hydroponics, applying directly to a root, and mixing with the soil directly in the state of a granule or a powder is mentioned.

  The present invention can be applied to a plant vitality improvement method comprising supplying the plant vitality agent composition of the present invention to a plant. Various means can be used as a method for supplying the plant vitality composition of the present invention to a plant. For example, powders and granules can be administered directly like solid fertilizers such as chemical fertilizers, diluted water dispersions can be sprayed directly on plants such as leaves, stems, fruits, etc. The method of diluting and supplying to the hydroponic liquid and supply water which are in contact with the root like cultivation cultivation or rock wool is mentioned. That is, sprayed on the above-ground parts such as the leaves of plants, irrigated to soil-cultivated soil, added to hydroponics hydroponics, applied directly to roots, directly to soil in the form of granules or dust The method of mixing etc. is mentioned. Of these, foliar spraying on the above-ground parts such as plant foliage and underground treatment in hydroponics, which is added to the hydroponic liquid of hydroponic cultivation, are preferred.

  This invention is applicable to the manufacturing method of the plant for agriculture and horticulture which consists of adsorb | sucking the plant vital agent composition of the said invention to a plant.

  Examples of plants to which the plant vitality composition of the present invention can be applied include cucumbers, pumpkins, watermelons, melons, tomatoes, eggplants, peppers, strawberries, okras, green beans, broad beans, peas, green beans, corn, etc. . For leafy vegetables, Chinese cabbage, hornbill, cabbage, cauliflower, broccoli, cabbage, onion, leeks, garlic, rakkyo, leek, asparagus, lettuce, saladna, celery, spinach, garlic, parsley, honey bee, seri, udo, myoga , Fuki, perilla etc. Root vegetables include radish, turnip, burdock, carrot, potato, taro, sweet potato, yam, ginger, lotus root and the like. In addition, it can also be used for rice, wheat, and flowering plants.

Example 1 Plant vitality imparting test (tomato)
Test method Test conditions: temperature 23 ° C., relative humidity 50%, illuminance: 5000 Lux (fluorescent lamp), light / dark cycle: 16 hr / 8 hr
Hydroponic liquid conditions: Otsuka 1 / 2A prescription (Otsuka House 1 (N: P: K = 10: 8: 27) 7.5 g / 10 L, Otsuka House 2 (N: P: K: Ca = 10: 0) : 0:23) 5 g / 10 L compound liquid, total nitrogen 130 ppm, phosphoric acid 60 ppm, potassium 203 ppm)
Salt concentration: NaCl concentration (water potential by NaCl): 0 ppm (0 Mpa), 750 ppm (0.06 MPa)
Cultivation period: 2 weeks Plant preparation: Kureha Horticultural cultivation soil (fertilizer component; N: P: K = 0.4: 1.9: 0.6 (g) / cultured soil 1 kg) manufactured by Kureha Chemical Co., Ltd. 50 holes Packed in a cell tray, seeded with tomato “Momotaro” seeds, thinly covered with Kureha Horticultural soil, thoroughly irrigated with water and germinated. When the leaves of the second leaf stage were fully developed, the soil at the root of the tomato was carefully washed away with running water and subjected to the test.
Reagents:
Surfactant: Rheodor TW-O120V [Polyoxyethylene (average addition mole number 20) sorbitan oleate, Kao Corporation]
・ Other drugs: Wako Pure Chemical Industries, Ltd.
Drug application rate: foliar spray 10ml / strain Hydroponics (underground treatment) 250ml / strain

<Plant vitality test method>
Environmental conditions were adjusted in an artificial weather device at a temperature of 23 ° C., an illuminance of 5000 Lux with a fluorescent lamp, a light / dark cycle of 16 hours for a light period of 16 hours, and a dark period of 8 hours. The tomato according to the above preparation was planted in 250 ml of a polyethylene bottle containing the above-mentioned hydroponic solution (1/2 Otsuka A prescription and predetermined concentration of NaCl). A treatment liquid containing the components shown in Table 1 at a predetermined concentration (with the balance being water) was prepared and applied to the foliage or underground. Moreover, what gave only water instead of the said process liquid as an untreated section was created. In each of the test group and the untreated group, 10 individuals were prepared, and the weight of the plant body was measured 2 weeks after the start of the test. The relative weight of the plant weight (average value) in the test group when the plant weight (average value) in the untreated group was taken as 100 was evaluated. It should be noted that the untreated section and the test section to be compared have the same application site and NaCl concentration. The results are shown in Table 1.

Example 2 Plant vitality imparting test (tomato)
Test method Soil moisture condition: Soil pF value 1.3 or 1.7
Cultivation temperature: 23 ° C., relative humidity 50% Illuminance: 5000 Lux (fluorescent lamp), light / dark cycle: 16 hr / 8 hr
Cultivation period: 3 weeks Soil: Kureha Horticultural cultivation soil (Kureha Chemical Co., Ltd.) (fertilizer component; N: P: K = 0.4: 1.9: 0.6 (g) / cultured soil 1 kg)
Preparation of plant: Kureha Horticultural culture soil (fertilizer component; N: P: K = 0.4: 1.9: 0.6 (g) / 1 kg of culture soil) manufactured by Kureha Chemical Co., Ltd. was packed in a 50-well cell tray and tomato Seed “Momotaro” seeds, cover the Kureha Horticulture soil thinly, irrigate with sufficient water and germinate. When the leaves of the second leaf stage were fully developed, the soil at the root of the tomato was carefully washed away with running water and subjected to the test.
The applied chemicals and treatment liquid are applied in the same manner as in Example 1.

<Plant vitality test method>
Five strains of the tomatoes prepared above were planted in a planter of 60 cm on a plant culture shelf in a temperature-controlled room. Install a soil moisture meter (manufactured by Daiki Rika Kogyo Co., Ltd.) in the center of the planter, irrigate several times a day while checking the state of soil moisture, so that the pF value becomes 1.3 or 1.7 The amount of irrigation was controlled. Immediately after planting the tomatoes, the treatment liquid shown in Table 1 was sprayed on the foliage or treated to the underground at a rate of once a week. Moreover, what gave only water instead of the said process liquid as an untreated group is created, and the plant body weight of a test group with respect to an untreated group (the same application site | part and pF value) are applied similarly to Example 1. The value was determined. The results are shown in Table 1.

Example 3 Plant vitality imparting test (potato: variety Toyoshiro)
Test method Soil moisture condition: Soil pF value 1.3 or 1.7
Cultivation temperature: 23 ° C., relative humidity 50% Illuminance: 5000 Lux (fluorescent lamp), light / dark cycle: 16 hr / 8 hr
Cultivation period: 3 weeks Soil: Kureha Horticultural cultivation soil (Kureha Chemical Co., Ltd.) (fertilizer component; N: P: K = 0.4: 1.9: 0.6 (g) / cultured soil 1 kg)
The applied chemicals and treatment liquid are applied in the same manner as in Example 1.

<Plant vitality test method>
In the glass greenhouse, Kureha Horticultural Culture Soil (fertilizer component; N: P: K = 0.4: 1.9: 0.6 (g) / 1 kg of culture soil) made by Kureha Chemical Co., Ltd. was packed into a 60 cm planter and potato “Toyoshiro” seed pods were cut in half and sown 5 pieces at a time, and Kureha horticulture soil was thinly covered, and water was thoroughly sprinkled to allow germination. At the stage where the leaves at the 3 leaf stage were fully developed, the potato was moved to a plant culture shelf in a room where the temperature was controlled, and the test was started. A soil moisture meter (manufactured by Daiki Rika Kogyo Co., Ltd.) was installed in the center of the planter, and irrigation was performed several times a day while confirming the state of soil moisture. Immediately after the start of the test, the treatment liquid shown in Table 1 was sprayed on the foliage or treated to the underground part once a week. Moreover, what gave only water instead of the said process liquid as an untreated group is created, and the plant body weight of a test group with respect to an untreated group (the same application site | part and pF value) are applied similarly to Example 1. The value was determined. The results are shown in Table 1.

Claims (4)

Se the summing, sesamol, astaxanthin, and Kurukumi down or Ranaru plant-activating agent composition comprising one or more antioxidants selected from the group. Furthermore, plant-activating composition according to claim 1, further comprising a surfactant. Furthermore, the plant vital agent composition of Claim 1 or 2 containing a chelating agent. Furthermore, the plant vital agent composition of any one of Claims 1-3 containing a fertilizer component.