JP5029601B2 - 積層体の製造装置および製造方法 - Google Patents
積層体の製造装置および製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5029601B2 JP5029601B2 JP2008507637A JP2008507637A JP5029601B2 JP 5029601 B2 JP5029601 B2 JP 5029601B2 JP 2008507637 A JP2008507637 A JP 2008507637A JP 2008507637 A JP2008507637 A JP 2008507637A JP 5029601 B2 JP5029601 B2 JP 5029601B2
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- indenter
- jig
- laminate
- laminated body
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- B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
- B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
- B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
- B29C66/818—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps
- B29C66/8182—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps characterised by the thermal insulating constructional aspects
- B29C66/81821—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps characterised by the thermal insulating constructional aspects of the welding jaws
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
- B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
- B29C66/914—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
- B29C66/9141—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature
- B29C66/91421—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by controlling or regulating the temperature of the joining tools
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/06—Fibrous reinforcements only
- B29C70/10—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres
- B29C70/16—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres using fibres of substantial or continuous length
- B29C70/22—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres using fibres of substantial or continuous length oriented in at least two directions forming a two dimensional structure
- B29C70/226—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres using fibres of substantial or continuous length oriented in at least two directions forming a two dimensional structure the structure comprising mainly parallel filaments interconnected by a small number of cross threads
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/40—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
- B29C70/42—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
- B29C70/46—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles using matched moulds, e.g. for deforming sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or prepregs
- B29C70/48—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles using matched moulds, e.g. for deforming sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or prepregs and impregnating the reinforcements in the closed mould, e.g. resin transfer moulding [RTM], e.g. by vacuum
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
- B29K2105/06—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts
- B29K2105/08—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts of continuous length, e.g. cords, rovings, mats, fabrics, strands or yarns
- B29K2105/0854—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts of continuous length, e.g. cords, rovings, mats, fabrics, strands or yarns in the form of a non-woven mat
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
- B29K2105/06—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts
- B29K2105/08—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts of continuous length, e.g. cords, rovings, mats, fabrics, strands or yarns
- B29K2105/10—Cords, strands or rovings, e.g. oriented cords, strands or rovings
- B29K2105/101—Oriented
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2307/00—Use of elements other than metals as reinforcement
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
Description
(1)表面に樹脂材料を有する強化繊維基材を2枚以上積層した積層体前駆体の層間を、前記樹脂材料により部分的に接着して一体化し、積層体とする接着装置を有し、前記接着装置は互いに対向配置される圧子治具と平板治具とを有し、前記圧子治具は圧子プレートと複数の圧子とを有し、前記圧子の平板治具側先端と前記圧子プレートとの間の距離が可変に構成され、前記圧子治具と前記平板治具の少なくとも一方が昇降機能を有するとともに、前記圧子治具と前記平板治具の少なくとも一方が加熱機能を有している積層体の製造装置。
(2)前記圧子は、バネを介して前記圧子プレートに取り付けられるとともに該圧子の長手方向に前記バネを縮めて移動できるように構成されている、前記(1)に記載の積層体の製造装置。
(3)前記圧子の平板治具側先端と前記圧子プレートとの間の距離は、流体圧力により可変に構成されている、前記(1)に記載の積層体の製造装置。
(4)前記圧子は、平板治具側先端の形状が円形である、前記(1)〜(3)のいずれかに記載の積層体の製造装置。
(5)加熱機能を有している、前記圧子治具と平板治具の少なくとも一方には、熱媒流路用の配管が設置されている、前記(1)〜(4)のいずれかに記載の積層体の製造装置。
(6)加熱機能を有している、前記圧子治具と前記平板治具の少なくとも一方を、前記積層体前駆体と共に挟む位置に、断熱材が取り付けられている、前記(1)〜(5)のいずれかに記載の積層体の製造装置。
(7)積層体を移動させる移動装置を備え、前記移動装置は、前記積層体を該積層体の厚み方向の上下から挟んで把持した状態で該積層体の長手方向に平行移動することにより該積層体を前記接着装置から搬出するとともに、搬出された前記積層体に用いられた積層体前駆体とは別な積層体前駆体を前記接着装置に供給する手段を有する、前記(1)〜(6)のいずれかに記載の積層体の製造装置。
(8)前記接着装置および前記移動装置はエアシリンダーにより駆動する、前記(7)に記載の積層体の製造装置。
(9)表面に樹脂材料を有する強化繊維基材を2枚以上積層した積層体前駆体の層間を、少なくとも次の(a)、(b)の工程を経て、前記樹脂材料により部分的に接着して一体化する積層体の製造方法。
(b)前記圧子治具を降下および/または前記平板治具を上昇して、前記積層体前駆体を前記圧子治具と前記平板治具とで挟み、前記圧子により前記積層体前駆体を部分的に加圧するとともに、前記積層体前駆体のうち少なくとも加圧している箇所を加熱する加圧加熱工程
(10)前記(a)の工程で、前記積層体前駆体を、圧子がバネを介して圧子プレートに取り付けられた圧子治具と平板治具との間に配置し、前記(b)の工程で、前記圧子治具を降下および/または前記平板治具を上昇して、前記バネを縮める長さおよび前記圧子が積層体前駆体を加圧する圧力を制御する、前記(9)に記載の積層体の製造方法。
(11)前記(a)の工程で、前記積層体前駆体を、圧子の平板治具側先端と前記圧子プレートとの間の距離が流体圧力により可変に構成されている圧子治具と平板治具との間に配置し、前記(b)の工程で、前記圧子治具を降下および/または前記平板治具を上昇して、前記流体圧力および前記圧子が積層体前駆体を加圧する圧力を制御する、前記(9)に記載の積層体の製造方法。
2:強化繊維
3:補助糸としてのたて糸
4:補助糸としてのよこ糸
5:樹脂材料
6:積層体の製造装置
7:接着装置
8:移動装置
9:積層体前駆体
10:圧子治具
11:平板治具
12:エアシリンダー
13:圧子治具の昇降方向
14:熱媒流路用配管
15:圧子
16:圧子プレート
17:クランプ治具上
18:クランプ治具下
19:積層体
20:エアシリンダー
21:クランプ治具上の昇降方向
22:エアシリンダー
23:クランプ治具下の移動方向
24:切り欠き
25:貫通孔
26:バネ
27:圧子先端
28:圧子のフランジ
29a:上部圧子プレート
29b:下部圧子プレート
30:段差
積層体を上記装置で製造するにあたっては、まず、熱媒流路用配管14に所定の温度に加熱した熱媒を流して、圧子治具10と平板治具11を所定の温度に加熱し、その状態で、部分接着前の積層体前駆体9を平板治具11の上に配置する。この時、圧子治具10は矢印13の上側に位置している。
<部分接着前の積層体前駆体の準備>
フィラメント数が24,000本、幅5.4mm、引張強度が5.8GPa、引張弾性率が290GPaの炭素繊維糸条(強化繊維束)をたて糸とし、たて糸の補助糸として22.5デシテックスのカップリング剤を付着させたガラス繊維糸に精練加工を施した17デシテックスのナイロン66フィラメント糸でカバーリング(被覆)したカバーリング糸、よこ糸の補助糸として精錬加工を施した17デシテックスのナイロン66フィラメント糸を用いて、炭素繊維目付が190g/cm2の一方向ノンクリンプ炭素繊維織物を作成した。
積層体製造装置は、図2に示すように、接着装置7と移動装置8から構成した。
また、移動装置8にも2台のエアシリンダー20,22が取り付けられており、クランプ治具を昇降、平行移動することが可能であった。移動装置8の平行移動距離は、500mmであった。
(1)エアシリンダー12を作動させ、圧子治具10を降下させる。
(2)圧子治具10を降下した状態で5分間ホールドする。
(3)エアシリンダー12を作動させ、圧子治具10を上昇させる。
(4)クランプ治具上17が上昇している状態で、エアシリンダー22を作動させ、移動装置8を、図2中の矢印23の右側(実線部)に移動させる。
(5)エアシリンダー20を作動させ、クランプ治具上17を降下させる。
(6)クランプ治具上17が降下した状態で、エアシリンダー22を作動させ、移動装置8を図2中の矢印23の左側(破線部)に移動させる。
(7)エアシリンダー20を作動させ、クランプ治具17を上昇させる。
上記の積層体製造装置を用いて、積層体前駆体の層間を次のとおり部分接着した。
部分接着した積層体を長さ0.5m、幅0.5mの形状に裁断して、賦形試験用積層体を準備した。次に曲率半径が600mmの2次曲率を有する賦形型の上に、賦形試験用積層体を配置し、その上から賦形試験用積層体全体を厚み2.5mmのシリコンラバーシートで覆い、シリコンラバーシートの端部をシーラント材で密閉して、密閉空間内を真空吸引することより、賦形試験用積層体に大気圧をかけて、賦形型に賦形した。
実施例1と同じ炭素繊維基材を裁断して、炭素繊維糸条が基材の長手方向に対して45°方向、0°方向、―45°方向、90°方向に配向する強化繊維基材をそれぞれ得、次いでそれら強化繊維基材を炭素繊維糸条の配向方向が45°/0°/―45°/90°/90°/―45°/0°/45°になるように順次積層し、積層体前駆体を準備した。ただし、炭素繊維糸条の配向方向が45°/0°/―45°/90°/90°/―45°/0°/45°となるように順次積層した8枚の強化繊維基材は、幅が一律0.55mm、長さが、それぞれ6.00m、5.99m、5.98m、5.97m、5.96m、5.95m、5.94m、5.93mであった。また、すべての強化繊維基材の長手方向の一方の端部を合わせて積層した。その結果、積層体前躯体の端部には図8の断面図に示すように、スロープ形状(プライドロップとよぶ)33が形成された。
<平板による積層体前駆体の全面接着>
長さ500mm、幅600mmのアルミニウム製平板治具を長さ6m分、合計12台準備した。
作製した積層体を実施例1と同様にして賦形型に賦形して、プリフォームを作製した。
<圧子治具による積層体前駆体の部分接着>
長さ500mm、幅600mmのアルミニウム製の圧子プレートに、実施例1で使用した圧子を、隣接する圧子先端間の距離が15mmとなるように、圧子プレートの長手方向および幅方向に配列した状態で、圧子プレートに溶接一体化した圧子治具を、長さ6m分、合計12台準備した。
実施例2と同様に積層体前駆体を準備して、比較例2と同様にして積層体前駆体の部分接着を行い、積層体を作製した。
Claims (11)
- 表面に樹脂材料を有する強化繊維基材を2枚以上積層した積層体前駆体の層間を、前記樹脂材料により部分的に接着して一体化し、積層体とする接着装置を有し、前記接着装置は互いに対向配置される圧子治具と平板治具とを有し、前記圧子治具は圧子プレートと複数の圧子とを有し、前記圧子の平板治具側先端と前記圧子プレートとの間の距離が可変に構成され、前記圧子治具と前記平板治具の少なくとも一方が昇降機能を有するとともに、前記圧子治具と前記平板治具の少なくとも一方が加熱機能を有している積層体の製造装置。
- 前記圧子は、バネを介して前記圧子プレートに取り付けられるとともに該圧子の長手方向に前記バネを縮めて移動できるように構成されている、請求項1に記載の積層体の製造装置。
- 前記圧子の平板治具側先端と前記圧子プレートとの間の距離は、流体圧力により可変に構成されている、請求項1に記載の積層体の製造装置。
- 前記圧子は、平板治具側先端の形状が円形である、請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の積層体の製造装置。
- 加熱機能を有している、前記圧子治具と平板治具の少なくとも一方には、熱媒流路用の配管が設置されている、請求項1〜4のいずれかに記載の積層体の製造装置。
- 加熱機能を有している、前記圧子治具と前記平板治具の少なくとも一方を、前記積層体前駆体と共に挟む位置に、断熱材が取り付けられている、請求項1〜5のいずれかに記載の積層体の製造装置。
- 積層体を移動させる移動装置を備え、前記移動装置は、前記積層体を該積層体の厚み方向の上下から挟んで把持した状態で該積層体の長手方向に平行移動することにより該積層体を前記接着装置から搬出するとともに、搬出された前記積層体に用いられた積層体前駆体とは別な積層体前駆体を前記接着装置に供給する手段を有する、請求項1〜6のいずれかに記載の積層体の製造装置。
- 前記接着装置および前記移動装置はエアシリンダーにより駆動する、請求項7に記載の積層体の製造装置。
- 表面に樹脂材料を有する強化繊維基材を2枚以上積層した積層体前駆体の層間を、少なくとも次の(a)、(b)の工程を経て、前記樹脂材料により部分的に接着して一体化する積層体の製造方法。
(a)平板治具と、圧子プレートおよび複数の圧子を有し、該圧子の平板治具側先端と前記圧子プレートとの間の距離が可変に構成されている圧子治具との間に、前記積層体前駆体を配置する配置工程
(b)前記圧子治具を降下および/または前記平板治具を上昇して、前記積層体前駆体を前記圧子治具と前記平板治具とで挟み、前記圧子により前記積層体前駆体を部分的に加圧するとともに、前記積層体前駆体のうち少なくとも加圧している箇所を加熱する加圧加熱工程 - 前記(a)の工程で、前記積層体前駆体を、圧子がバネを介して圧子プレートに取り付けられた圧子治具と平板治具との間に配置し、前記(b)の工程で、前記圧子治具を降下および/または前記平板治具を上昇して、前記バネを縮める長さおよび前記圧子が積層体前駆体を加圧する圧力を制御する、請求項9に記載の積層体の製造方法。
- 前記(a)の工程で、前記積層体前駆体を、圧子の平板治具側先端と前記圧子プレートとの間の距離が流体圧力により可変に構成されている圧子治具と平板治具との間に配置し、前記(b)の工程で、前記圧子治具を降下および/または前記平板治具を上昇して、前記流体圧力および前記圧子が積層体前駆体を加圧する圧力を制御する、請求項9に記載の積層体の製造方法。
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