JP4994919B2 - 一酸化窒素除去剤 - Google Patents
一酸化窒素除去剤 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4994919B2 JP4994919B2 JP2007094348A JP2007094348A JP4994919B2 JP 4994919 B2 JP4994919 B2 JP 4994919B2 JP 2007094348 A JP2007094348 A JP 2007094348A JP 2007094348 A JP2007094348 A JP 2007094348A JP 4994919 B2 JP4994919 B2 JP 4994919B2
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- nitric oxide
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- metal
- surfactant
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- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 98
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 53
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 40
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 241000208125 Nicotiana Species 0.000 claims description 14
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 45
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- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 32
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- 229910001111 Fine metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 24
- 239000002923 metal particle Substances 0.000 description 20
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 16
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 15
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 15
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 14
- 238000010335 hydrothermal treatment Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 11
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- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 10
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- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 10
- MGWGWNFMUOTEHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3,5-dimethylphenyl)-1,3-thiazol-2-amine Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=CC(C=2N=C(N)SC=2)=C1 MGWGWNFMUOTEHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
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- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 9
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- JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen dioxide Inorganic materials O=[N]=O JCXJVPUVTGWSNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
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- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 8
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- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
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- BPBUJYBQUBMWDT-CLFYSBASSA-N (Z)-hydroxyimino-[methyl-[3-(methylamino)propyl]amino]-oxidoazanium Chemical compound CNCCCN(C)[N+](\[O-])=N\O BPBUJYBQUBMWDT-CLFYSBASSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
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- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
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Images
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- Catalysts (AREA)
Description
(1) 平均細孔直径が1nm以上50nm以下であり無機骨格を有する多孔体と、該多孔体の細孔内に形成された、平均直径が1nm以上50nm以下である金属細線または金属粒子からなる金属触媒を含有する一酸化窒素除去剤
(2) 上記一酸化窒素除去剤を含有するフィルター
に関する
無機骨格を有する多孔体の平均細孔直径は1nm以上50nm以下が好ましい。平均細孔直径が1nm未満である場合は、細孔の平均の大きさが吸着させる金属細線または金属粒子の大きさよりも小さくなることが多くなるために、金属細線または金属粒子が細孔内に吸着しにくくなり、一酸化窒素を効率的に除去できない。また中心細孔直径が50nmを超える場合は、金属細線または金属粒子の比表面積が減少して、一酸化窒素を効率的に除去できない。
本発明において金属細線とは、多孔体の細孔を鋳型として形成される原子集団(クラスター)のうち、細孔に沿って線状に形成されたものをいう。金属細線の平均直径とは、細線の線径の平均値を言う。金属細線の平均直径は、触媒活性の観点から1nm以上50nm以下が好ましく、1nm以上30nm以下がより好ましく、1nm以上10nm以下がさらに好ましい。金属細線の平均直径が1nm未満である場合には、触媒活性が不十分となる。他方、金属細線の平均直径が50nmを超える場合には、金属細線における表面原子の割合が減少して金属細線表面の特異性がマクロな物性として発現しにくくなる。
本発明において金属粒子とは、多孔体の細孔を鋳型として形成される原子集団(クラスター)のうち、細孔に沿って一定の間隔で球状に形成されたものを言う。金属粒子の平均直径とは、金属ナノ粒子の粒子径の平均値を言う。その平均直径は触媒活性の観点から好ましくは1nm以上50nm以下である。
D=K×λ/(β×cosθ)
D:結晶子の大きさ(Å)
K:Scherrer係数(=0.9)
λ:使用X線管球の波長
β:半価幅(回折線のピーク強度が1/2となる幅)
θ:回折角(ラジアン)
粉末ケイ酸ソーダ(SiO2/Na2O=2.00)を700℃で6時間、空気中で焼成してジケイ酸ソーダ(δ−Na2Si2O5)の結晶とし、この結晶50gを水500mL中に分散させて3時間攪拌した後、濾過により固形分を回収してカネマイト結晶を得た。このカネマイト結晶の乾燥重量換算で50g相当を、乾燥させずに0.1Mヘキサデシルトリメチルアンモニウムブロマイド水溶液1000mLに加えて分散させ、70℃で3時間加熱攪拌した。その後、2規定の塩酸を用いて分散液のpHを8.5とし、さらに70℃で3時間加熱攪拌した。分散液を室温まで放冷した後、分散液中の固形分を濾取し、1000mLのイオン交換水に分散させて攪拌した。この濾過と分散・攪拌とを5回繰り返した後、固形分を60℃で24時間乾燥し、窒素ガス中、450℃で3時間加熱し、さらに空気中、550℃で6時間焼成することにより目的の多孔体(平均細孔直径:2.7nm)を得た。
水蒸気で飽和した水素で還元する代わりに乾燥水素で還元する以外は製造例1と同様にして本発明の金属触媒Bを得た。透過電子顕微鏡観察により平均粒径3nmの白金金属粒子が細孔に沿って一定の間隔で並んでいる様子が観察された。
アリーン冷却管と三方コックを接続した1000mL二口ナス型フラスコにポリ(1−ビニル−2−ピロリドン)(和光純薬工業株式会社製)1.47gを入れ、蒸留水230mLで溶解した。この溶液を10分間撹拌した後、塩化白金酸(H2PtCl6・6H2O、和光純薬工業株式会社製)水溶液(1.66×10−2M)20mLを加えてさらに30分間撹拌した。反応系内を窒素置換し、特級エタノール250mLを加えて窒素雰囲気下を保ちながら100℃で2時間還流した。反応液のUVを測定し、白金イオンピークの消失と、金属固体特有の散乱によるピークの飽和から還元反応の終了を確認した。有機溶媒を減圧留去し20mlのメスフラスコに移し蒸留水でメスアップし、1.66−2Mの白金ナノコロイド金属触媒Cを作製した。
一酸化窒素量分析キット(株式会社同仁化学研究所製、NO2/NO Assay Ket−CII)を用いて、製造例1で得られた金属触媒Aの二酸化窒素濃度を測定した。この分析キットは、酵素反応により一酸化窒素を発生させた後、サンプル中の二酸化窒素濃度を測定するものである。水溶液中で生じた一酸化窒素は加水分解によって二酸化窒素濃度に変化すると考えられるので、二酸化窒素濃度を測定することにより、間接的に一酸化窒素量を測定できることになる。
下記配合割合で各原料を混合し、この粉末200mgをプラスチックの円筒(直径5mm×長さ30mm)に充填してタバコ用フィルターを作製した。また、50mlのナスフラスコに結晶セルロース200mgと白金ナノコロイド金属触媒C6.2mlをとり、含浸攪拌した後、真空吸引し水分を完全に除去し、得られた粉末を同様に充填し比較例1のタバコ用フィルターを作製した。なお、結晶セルロース(担体)のみを充填したフィルターを作製し、これをコントロールとした。
結晶セルロース 80.0
金属触媒AまたはB 20.0
市販の不織布を基材とし、これに製造例1、2、比較例1で得られた各金属触媒を含浸塗工し、金属触媒担持空調フィルターを作製した。具体的には、製造例1、2、比較例1で得られた各金属触媒をそれぞれ下記の配合割合で混合し、含浸塗工用スラリーを作製した。スラリー中にはバインダーとして、エチレン−酢酸ビニルエマルジョン(大日本インキ(株)製、商品名EP11L)を用いた。これにポリエステル繊維とレーヨン繊維とをアクリルレジンボンドしてなる坪量45g/m2の乾式不織布を含浸、乾燥した。フィルターに担持された各金属触媒の含有量を、含浸塗工後の増加重量にスラリー中の白金含有率を乗じ算出し、白金担持量が1.5g/m2となるよう含浸、乾燥操作を繰り返し金属触媒担持の空調フィルターを作製した。
金属触媒AまたはB 5.0
バインダー(EP11L) 0.7
蒸留水 94.3
金属触媒C 30.0
バインダー(EP11L) 0.2
蒸留水 69.8
Claims (2)
- 平均細孔直径が1nm以上50nm以下であり無機骨格を有する多孔体であって、そのX線回折パターンにおいて1nm以上のd値に相当する回折角度に1本以上のピークを有する多孔体と、該多孔体の細孔内に形成された、平均直径が1nm以上50nm以下である白金細線または白金粒子からなる白金触媒を含有するタバコフィルター用一酸化窒素除去剤。
- 請求項1記載の一酸化窒素除去剤を含有するタバコフィルター。
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