JP4991569B2 - 窒素元素およびマグネシウム元素からなる物質と対応する水素化物との間で平衡を保つ系を用いる水素貯蔵方法 - Google Patents
窒素元素およびマグネシウム元素からなる物質と対応する水素化物との間で平衡を保つ系を用いる水素貯蔵方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4991569B2 JP4991569B2 JP2007553654A JP2007553654A JP4991569B2 JP 4991569 B2 JP4991569 B2 JP 4991569B2 JP 2007553654 A JP2007553654 A JP 2007553654A JP 2007553654 A JP2007553654 A JP 2007553654A JP 4991569 B2 JP4991569 B2 JP 4991569B2
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/0005—Reversible uptake of hydrogen by an appropriate medium, i.e. based on physical or chemical sorption phenomena or on reversible chemical reactions, e.g. for hydrogen storage purposes ; Reversible gettering of hydrogen; Reversible uptake of hydrogen by electrodes
- C01B3/001—Reversible uptake of hydrogen by an appropriate medium, i.e. based on physical or chemical sorption phenomena or on reversible chemical reactions, e.g. for hydrogen storage purposes ; Reversible gettering of hydrogen; Reversible uptake of hydrogen by electrodes characterised by the uptaking medium; Treatment thereof
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- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B21/00—Nitrogen; Compounds thereof
- C01B21/06—Binary compounds of nitrogen with metals, with silicon, or with boron, or with carbon, i.e. nitrides; Compounds of nitrogen with more than one metal, silicon or boron
- C01B21/0602—Binary compounds of nitrogen with metals, with silicon, or with boron, or with carbon, i.e. nitrides; Compounds of nitrogen with more than one metal, silicon or boron with two or more other elements chosen from metals, silicon or boron
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C01B21/00—Nitrogen; Compounds thereof
- C01B21/06—Binary compounds of nitrogen with metals, with silicon, or with boron, or with carbon, i.e. nitrides; Compounds of nitrogen with more than one metal, silicon or boron
- C01B21/0612—Binary compounds of nitrogen with metals, with silicon, or with boron, or with carbon, i.e. nitrides; Compounds of nitrogen with more than one metal, silicon or boron with alkaline-earth metals, beryllium or magnesium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C01B21/092—Compounds containing nitrogen and non-metals and optionally metals containing one or more hydrogen atoms containing also one or more metal atoms
- C01B21/0923—Metal imides or amides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/0005—Reversible uptake of hydrogen by an appropriate medium, i.e. based on physical or chemical sorption phenomena or on reversible chemical reactions, e.g. for hydrogen storage purposes ; Reversible gettering of hydrogen; Reversible uptake of hydrogen by electrodes
- C01B3/001—Reversible uptake of hydrogen by an appropriate medium, i.e. based on physical or chemical sorption phenomena or on reversible chemical reactions, e.g. for hydrogen storage purposes ; Reversible gettering of hydrogen; Reversible uptake of hydrogen by electrodes characterised by the uptaking medium; Treatment thereof
- C01B3/0026—Reversible uptake of hydrogen by an appropriate medium, i.e. based on physical or chemical sorption phenomena or on reversible chemical reactions, e.g. for hydrogen storage purposes ; Reversible gettering of hydrogen; Reversible uptake of hydrogen by electrodes characterised by the uptaking medium; Treatment thereof of one single metal or a rare earth metal; Treatment thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B3/00—Hydrogen; Gaseous mixtures containing hydrogen; Separation of hydrogen from mixtures containing it; Purification of hydrogen
- C01B3/0005—Reversible uptake of hydrogen by an appropriate medium, i.e. based on physical or chemical sorption phenomena or on reversible chemical reactions, e.g. for hydrogen storage purposes ; Reversible gettering of hydrogen; Reversible uptake of hydrogen by electrodes
- C01B3/001—Reversible uptake of hydrogen by an appropriate medium, i.e. based on physical or chemical sorption phenomena or on reversible chemical reactions, e.g. for hydrogen storage purposes ; Reversible gettering of hydrogen; Reversible uptake of hydrogen by electrodes characterised by the uptaking medium; Treatment thereof
- C01B3/0031—Intermetallic compounds; Metal alloys; Treatment thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B6/00—Hydrides of metals including fully or partially hydrided metals, alloys or intermetallic compounds ; Compounds containing at least one metal-hydrogen bond, e.g. (GeH3)2S, SiH GeH; Monoborane or diborane; Addition complexes thereof
- C01B6/04—Hydrides of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, beryllium or magnesium; Addition complexes thereof
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C11/00—Use of gas-solvents or gas-sorbents in vessels
- F17C11/005—Use of gas-solvents or gas-sorbents in vessels for hydrogen
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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Description
本発明は、圧力−温度等温平坦域(pressure-temperature isothermal plateau)によって規定される以下の条件下の水素の貯蔵のために潜在的に有利な(理論的には5質量%超)新しい物質を用いる可逆的水素貯蔵方法に関する:
・270K<T<370K、および
・1atm<P<10atm(または約0.1MPa<P<約10MPa)。
Mg3N2⇔Mg(NH2)2
のものである。
本発明による貯蔵方法において、マグネシウム元素および窒素元素からなる物質は、気体状の水素と接触させられ、これにより、対応する水素化物化合物(単数種または複数種)の形成に至る(水素吸収)。僅かに昇温させるかまたは僅かに水素圧を低くすることにより、形成される水素化物は、水素を再生させる(脱着)。したがって、それは可逆的貯蔵方法である。
− 「Vienna Ab initio Simulation Package」(VASP)(参照:G.Kresse,J.Hafner,Phys.Rev.B 48(1993)13115;G.Kresse,J.Furthmuller,Phys.Rev.B 6(1996)15;並びに、アドレスURL:http://www.cms.mpi.univie.ac.at/vasp/;参照[1]);
− 「CASTEP」(参照:http://www.tcm.phy.cam.ac.uk/castep/);および
− 「Gaussian」(参照:http://www.gaussian.com)
において実施されるので、それは、中心的な目的として、有名なシュレディンガー式に対する近似解によってシミュレートされる物質の電子波動関数の決定を有する。波動関数へのアクセスは、原子、分子または結晶構造における化学結合の予測的および定量的な方法論の開発を可能にする。
に基づく。
ΔHhyd(またはΔShyd)は、転換式(1)のエンタルピー変動(またはエントロピー変動)を示し;
R=8.314510J・mol−1・K−1は、理想気体のモル定数であり、
P0=1バールは、標準圧(または0.1MPa)である)
によって決定される。
ΔZPEは、水素化物相と金属相との間の0点でのエネルギー変動であり、
ΔVは、水素化物相と金属相との間のモル容積の変動である。
− CRYSMETベースは、「Toth Information System」(オタワ)およびカナダのle Conseil national de recherches(国立研究委員会)に属し、これによって維持される。
・電子エネルギーの収束の基準は、0.01kJ/モル(基本セル)に設定されるべきである;
・原子位置の収束の基準および固体の基本セルの容積の基準は、基本セルのモル当たり0.1kJのエネルギー精度につながるべきである;
・ブリルアン帯(Brillouin zone)を記述するために用いられる格子定数(grid of points)kは、セルのモル当たり0.01kJより弱い電子エネルギーの変動を確実にするのに十分に大きくあるべきである;
・用いられる平面波のベースのサイズまたは用いられるベースの精度は、基本セルのモル当たり0.1kJより大きい電子エネルギーの収束を確実にするべきである。
・270<T<370K(または2.7<1000/T<3.7K−1)
および
・1atm<Peq<10atm(または約0.1MPa<Peq<約10MPa)
・・・(6)
の条件を実証する全ての物質を指定することになる。
実施例1は比較のために提供され、実施例2は本発明を例示する。
図1の線図は、上記に記載される方法に従って計算されるΔEhydの値および文献の実験値ΔHhyd(参照:「CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics」,第76版,1995-1996,David R.Lide Editor-in-Chief,CRC Press)をプロットする。
潜在的に有利なように識別される別の構造は、マグネシウム窒化物との平衡におけるマグネシウムアミドMg(NH2)2相に関する。これらの2つの相は、結晶データベースにおいて識別される(下記表2を参照)。
Claims (8)
- マグネシウム元素および窒素元素からなる物質を気体状の水素と接触させて、アミドまたは対応する水素化物を形成する工程を包含する、可逆的水素貯蔵方法であって、式:
Mg3N2+(n+2)H 2 ⇔ Mg(NH2)2+2MgHn
(式中、nは、形成された水素化物(単数種または複数種)の化学量論に対応する水素原子数である)
に対応する化学平衡系が、圧力(P)−温度(T)等温平坦域(pressure-temperature isothermal plateau)によって規定される以下の条件下で用いられることを特徴とする方法、
・270K<T<370K、および
・1atm<P<10atm(すなわち約0.1MPa<P<約10MPa)。 - 前記物質はまた、5重量%未満の比率で、Sc、Ti、V、Cr、Mn、Fe、Co、Ni、Cu、ZnおよびPdの中から選択される周期律表の第3〜12族からの少なくとも1種の遷移金属を含む、請求項1に記載の方法。
- マグネシウムおよび窒素からなる物質は、固体形態として提供される、請求項1または2に記載の方法。
- マグネシウム元素および窒素元素からなる物質は、分散形態として提供される、請求項1〜3のいずれか1つに記載の方法。
- マグネシウム元素および窒素元素からなる物質は、破粋によって得られる、請求項4に記載の方法。
- 搭載の水素の貯蔵に適用される、請求項1〜5のいずれか1つに記載の方法。
- 固定された貯蔵に適用される、請求項1〜5のいずれか1つに記載の方法。
- 持ち運び式の貯蔵に適用される、請求項1〜5のいずれか1つに記載の方法。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0501230A FR2881733B1 (fr) | 2005-02-07 | 2005-02-07 | Nouveau materiau pour le stockage de l'hydrogene comprenant un systeme equilibre entre un alliage de magnesium et d'azote et l'hydrure correspondant |
FR0501230 | 2005-02-07 | ||
PCT/FR2006/000235 WO2006082317A1 (fr) | 2005-02-07 | 2006-02-01 | Procede pour le stockage de l’hydrogene mettant en jeu un systeme equilibre entre un materiau constitue des elements magnesium et azote et l’hydrure correspondant |
Publications (3)
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JP2008529940A JP2008529940A (ja) | 2008-08-07 |
JP2008529940A5 JP2008529940A5 (ja) | 2009-03-19 |
JP4991569B2 true JP4991569B2 (ja) | 2012-08-01 |
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US (1) | US7608239B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1848658A1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4991569B2 (ja) |
FR (1) | FR2881733B1 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2006082317A1 (ja) |
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JP5627099B2 (ja) * | 2010-02-08 | 2014-11-19 | 太平洋セメント株式会社 | アルカリ金属窒化物の製造方法 |
JP5627105B2 (ja) * | 2010-02-08 | 2014-11-19 | 太平洋セメント株式会社 | アルカリ土類金属窒化物の製造方法 |
CN106853960A (zh) * | 2015-12-09 | 2017-06-16 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | 一种大比表面多元金属氮化物的合成方法 |
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DE3535378A1 (de) * | 1985-10-03 | 1987-04-16 | Max Planck Gesellschaft | Pulverfoermiger wasserstoff-speicherwerkstoff und seine herstellung |
US4893756A (en) * | 1988-09-22 | 1990-01-16 | Energy Conversion Devices, Inc. | Hydride reactor apparatus for hydrogen comminution of metal hydride hydrogen storage material |
DE10002117A1 (de) * | 2000-01-20 | 2001-08-16 | Geesthacht Gkss Forschung | Katalyse der Wasserstoffsorptionskinetik von Hydriden durch Nitride und Carbide |
AU2002347752A1 (en) * | 2001-10-31 | 2003-05-12 | National University Of Singapore | Method for reversible storage of hydrogen and materials for hydrogen storage |
US6672077B1 (en) * | 2001-12-11 | 2004-01-06 | Nanomix, Inc. | Hydrogen storage in nanostructure with physisorption |
US6967012B2 (en) * | 2003-06-25 | 2005-11-22 | General Motors Corporation | Imide/amide hydrogen storage materials and methods |
DE112004001139B4 (de) * | 2003-06-25 | 2009-05-07 | General Motors Corp. (N.D.Ges.D. Staates Delaware), Detroit | Imid-/Amid-Wasserstoffspeicher-Materialien und -Verfahren |
JP2005040724A (ja) * | 2003-07-23 | 2005-02-17 | Toyota Central Res & Dev Lab Inc | 水素貯蔵窒化物材料およびその製造方法 |
JP2005126273A (ja) * | 2003-10-23 | 2005-05-19 | Taiheiyo Cement Corp | 水素貯蔵材料前駆体およびその製造方法 |
JP4517282B2 (ja) * | 2004-03-29 | 2010-08-04 | 株式会社豊田中央研究所 | マグネシウム系水素貯蔵材料の製造方法 |
-
2005
- 2005-02-07 FR FR0501230A patent/FR2881733B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2006
- 2006-02-01 EP EP06709227A patent/EP1848658A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2006-02-01 WO PCT/FR2006/000235 patent/WO2006082317A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2006-02-01 JP JP2007553654A patent/JP4991569B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-02-06 US US11/347,578 patent/US7608239B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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EP1848658A1 (fr) | 2007-10-31 |
US7608239B2 (en) | 2009-10-27 |
FR2881733B1 (fr) | 2008-02-08 |
WO2006082317A1 (fr) | 2006-08-10 |
JP2008529940A (ja) | 2008-08-07 |
US20060193767A1 (en) | 2006-08-31 |
FR2881733A1 (fr) | 2006-08-11 |
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