JP4977070B2 - 給湿装置 - Google Patents
給湿装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4977070B2 JP4977070B2 JP2008071174A JP2008071174A JP4977070B2 JP 4977070 B2 JP4977070 B2 JP 4977070B2 JP 2008071174 A JP2008071174 A JP 2008071174A JP 2008071174 A JP2008071174 A JP 2008071174A JP 4977070 B2 JP4977070 B2 JP 4977070B2
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/10—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours
- A61M16/1075—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours by influencing the temperature
- A61M16/1095—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours by influencing the temperature in the connecting tubes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/0003—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/021—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes operated by electrical means
- A61M16/022—Control means therefor
- A61M16/024—Control means therefor including calculation means, e.g. using a processor
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/08—Bellows; Connecting tubes ; Water traps; Patient circuits
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/10—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/10—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours
- A61M16/1075—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours by influencing the temperature
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/10—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours
- A61M16/1075—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours by influencing the temperature
- A61M16/1085—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours by influencing the temperature after being humidified or mixed with a beneficial agent
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/10—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours
- A61M16/1075—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours by influencing the temperature
- A61M16/109—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours by influencing the temperature the humidifying liquid or the beneficial agent
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/10—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours
- A61M16/14—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours by mixing different fluids, one of them being in a liquid phase
- A61M16/142—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours by mixing different fluids, one of them being in a liquid phase with semi-permeable walls separating the liquid from the respiratory gas
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/10—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours
- A61M16/14—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours by mixing different fluids, one of them being in a liquid phase
- A61M16/16—Devices to humidify the respiration air
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/10—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours
- A61M16/14—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours by mixing different fluids, one of them being in a liquid phase
- A61M16/16—Devices to humidify the respiration air
- A61M16/161—Devices to humidify the respiration air with means for measuring the humidity
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/08—Bellows; Connecting tubes ; Water traps; Patient circuits
- A61M16/0875—Connecting tubes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/08—Bellows; Connecting tubes ; Water traps; Patient circuits
- A61M16/0883—Circuit type
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/0003—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure
- A61M2016/003—Accessories therefor, e.g. sensors, vibrators, negative pressure with a flowmeter
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/10—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours
- A61M16/1005—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours with O2 features or with parameter measurement
- A61M2016/102—Measuring a parameter of the content of the delivered gas
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
- A61M2205/33—Controlling, regulating or measuring
- A61M2205/3368—Temperature
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
- A61M2205/50—General characteristics of the apparatus with microprocessors or computers
Description
従来の給湿システムの第四の欠点は、センサを患者に非常に近接して配置する必要があり、患者の気道にある装置の重量および体積を増加させてしまうことである。
本発明の他の好ましい態様によれば、前記給湿チャンバ用マニホルド手段は前記給湿チャンバ手段に着脱可能である。
図1は典型的な呼吸給湿システムを示すものであり、この呼吸給湿システムは、患者から所定の距離に配置された給湿チャンバであってこの給湿チャンバを通って流れる気体を加熱し且つほぼ水蒸気で飽和状態にする給湿チャンバと、可撓チューブから成り且つ被給湿気体を給湿チャンバ1から気体出口5へ送る搬送システム2と、給湿チャンバ1を加熱し且つ計測機能と制御機能とを提供する加熱ベース3の三つの部分を備えている。
表示および制御のための湿度センサが組み込まれた給湿器について、従来技術に関して説明したが、ここでは使用されている全ての湿度センサが患者の気道に配置されている。最近の研究により、患者から離れた位置に配置された給湿チャンバと、湿気を患者に送る加熱式呼吸回路と、患者に供給される気体の絶対湿度または相対湿度を制御するための湿度センサとが組み込まれた新しい給湿器の構成が示された。なお、これら湿度センサは、(1)給湿チャンバの出口のみ、(2)給湿チャンバの出口および患者の傍、あるいは(3)患者の傍のみのいずれかに配置される。
上述した全ての呼吸給湿システムは、気体出口10から流出する気体を高い相対湿度レベルまで給湿することを意図した給湿チャンバ1を用いている。こうした新しい給湿構成は湿度制御装置を用いているのでこの条件は新しい給湿構成の正確な作動にとっては本質的なものではないが、純粋に温度に基づいて制御が行われる従来の給湿器にとっては本質的なものである。しかしながら、気体を相対湿度が低いながらも適切な絶対湿度(すなわち、気体の温度が気体の露点よりも高く、したがって気体が飽和状態にない状態)に加熱する給湿チャンバを用いることによって得られる幾つかの利点もある。
なお、バルブ26、30が電気機械アクチュエータにより作動させられるタイプのバルブでもよい。
ここでは、加熱水36の入った給湿チャンバ35内に流入する乾燥気体が、図7においては加熱器37によって予め加熱され、図8においては給湿チャンバから流出した後に加熱器38によって加熱される。両方の場合において、加熱器は気体を乾燥加熱し、相対湿度が低くて高温の気体を出口39から流出させる。
本発明の別の例を図9に示す。ここでは、図8の低相対湿度高温タイプの給湿システムが非加熱型の断熱搬送チューブと組み合わされている。気体はポート35から加熱プレート38によって加熱される水37の入った標準的な給湿チャンバ36内に流入する。気体は給湿チャンバ36内で水蒸気で略飽和状態になって気体出口39を通って給湿チャンバ36から流出し、相対湿度が低くなるように湿った気体を高温へと加熱する加熱チューブ部分40に流入する。そして気体は周りに断熱層42を有するチューブ41を通過する。ここでの断熱層42は熱損失を減少させるために停滞した空気から成る薄いジャケットであるのが好ましい。高温で相対湿度の低い気体が断熱チューブを通過すると、少量の熱がチューブの壁を介して損失させられ、気体が冷える。しかしながら、加熱器40に加えられる熱量は、気体がチューブ41内で凝結が起こってしまう露点以下に冷却されてしまうことが決してないように制御される。
本発明の更なる別の特徴は、患者の気道にセンサを配置する必要性をなくすことにある。安全にこのセンサをなくすために、搬送チューブから流入する気体の温度および絶対湿度が確実に安全なレベルになるようにし、且つ搬送チューブの内面の温度が確実に安全なレベルを超えないようにしなければならない。このことは搬送チューブの内壁温度が一定であることを意味する。
なおチューブの一部を正温度係数材料とは逆に作用する負温度係数材料から形成してもよい。
従来の給湿器では、温度を計測するためにプローブ状のセンサを呼吸回路の側方にある特別に形成された孔を通って挿入するように使用する傾向にある。しかしながら、上述した給湿器は給湿チャンバ周りの多数のセンサと組み合わされて構成されているので、図12に示したようなマニホルド59を使用するのが有用である。
上述した全ての異なった給湿器について絶対湿度センサで説明したが、相対湿度センサを用いてもよい。この場合、制御アルゴリズムは上述した制御アルゴリズムとは僅かに異なる。また、相対湿度センサは温度センサと組み合わせてもよい。こうすることで、絶対湿度を直接計測するのではなく相対湿度および温度から絶対湿度を計算することができるようになる。
2…気体搬送システム
4…ポート
5…ポート
6…温水
7…センサ
8…センサ
9…加熱プレート
10…ポート
11…チューブ
12…加熱器
Claims (5)
- 気体を必要とする患者またはその他の人に供給する気体を給湿するための給湿装置であって、
給湿チャンバ手段であって、該給湿チャンバ手段を通って前記気体が流れるように入口と出口とを有する給湿チャンバ手段と、
前記給湿チャンバ手段に隣接して設けられたチャンバ加熱手段であって、前記給湿チャンバ手段を通過する気体に水蒸気を供給するために該給湿チャンバ手段内の液体水を蒸発させるチャンバ加熱手段と、
前記給湿チャンバ手段とは別体であり、取付手段を備え且つ前記給湿チャンバ手段の出口の基端に少なくとも一つの検知手段を収容するチャンバ用マニホルド手段と、を備え、
前記チャンバ用マニホルド手段は、気体流を所望の圧力で供給するように前記給湿チャンバ手段の入口を気体供給手段に流体的に通じる供給導管手段に連結し、且つ気体流を患者または気体を必要とする人に運ぶために前記給湿チャンバ手段の出口を気体搬送通路手段に連結するように構成されていることを特徴とする給湿装置。 - 前記給湿チャンバ用マニホルド手段は、該給湿チャンバ用マニホルド手段の気体流および/または給湿チャンバ用マニホルド手段を加熱するように構成された給湿チャンバ用マニホルド加熱手段を更に備えている、
請求項1に記載の給湿装置。 - 前記給湿チャンバ用マニホルド手段は前記給湿チャンバ手段に着脱可能である、
請求項1または2に記載の給湿装置。 - 前記チャンバ加熱手段は、加湿器ベースに設けられており、前記チャンバ用マニホルド手段は、前記加湿器ベースに取付可能であり、且つ該加湿器ベースから取り外し可能である、請求項1乃至3のいずれか1項に記載の給湿装置。
- 前記チャンバ加熱手段は、加湿器ベースに設けられており、前記チャンバ用マニホルド手段は、前記加湿器ベースと一体形成されている、請求項1乃至3のいずれか1項に記載の給湿装置。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
NZ503495 | 2000-03-21 | ||
NZ50349500 | 2000-03-21 |
Related Parent Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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JP2005073347A Division JP4966504B2 (ja) | 2000-03-21 | 2005-03-15 | 給湿装置 |
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JP2008161712A JP2008161712A (ja) | 2008-07-17 |
JP4977070B2 true JP4977070B2 (ja) | 2012-07-18 |
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Family Applications (5)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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JP2001080949A Expired - Lifetime JP4386595B2 (ja) | 2000-03-21 | 2001-03-21 | 給湿装置 |
JP2005073347A Expired - Lifetime JP4966504B2 (ja) | 2000-03-21 | 2005-03-15 | 給湿装置 |
JP2008071173A Pending JP2008183413A (ja) | 2000-03-21 | 2008-03-19 | 給湿装置 |
JP2008071174A Expired - Lifetime JP4977070B2 (ja) | 2000-03-21 | 2008-03-19 | 給湿装置 |
JP2011266229A Expired - Lifetime JP5501327B2 (ja) | 2000-03-21 | 2011-12-05 | 給湿装置 |
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JP2001080949A Expired - Lifetime JP4386595B2 (ja) | 2000-03-21 | 2001-03-21 | 給湿装置 |
JP2005073347A Expired - Lifetime JP4966504B2 (ja) | 2000-03-21 | 2005-03-15 | 給湿装置 |
JP2008071173A Pending JP2008183413A (ja) | 2000-03-21 | 2008-03-19 | 給湿装置 |
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JP2011266229A Expired - Lifetime JP5501327B2 (ja) | 2000-03-21 | 2011-12-05 | 給湿装置 |
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US (6) | US6918389B2 (ja) |
EP (5) | EP1790371B1 (ja) |
JP (5) | JP4386595B2 (ja) |
CN (4) | CN1175913C (ja) |
AT (4) | ATE331553T1 (ja) |
AU (1) | AU784172B2 (ja) |
CA (4) | CA2617228C (ja) |
DE (4) | DE60121083T2 (ja) |
ES (2) | ES2266038T3 (ja) |
HK (1) | HK1089115A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (197)
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US7096864B1 (en) | 1999-08-05 | 2006-08-29 | Map Medizin-Technologie Gmbh | Device for supplying respiratory gas |
US7111624B2 (en) | 2000-03-21 | 2006-09-26 | Fisher & Paykel Healthcare Limited | Apparatus for delivering humidified gases |
US6918389B2 (en) * | 2000-03-21 | 2005-07-19 | Fisher & Paykel Healthcare Limited | Breathing assistance apparatus |
US7588029B2 (en) * | 2000-03-21 | 2009-09-15 | Fisher & Paykel Healthcare Limited | Humidified gases delivery apparatus |
US7120354B2 (en) | 2000-03-21 | 2006-10-10 | Fisher & Paykel Healthcare Limited | Gases delivery conduit |
US8206337B2 (en) * | 2000-10-16 | 2012-06-26 | Fisher & Paykel Healthcare Limited | Apparatus used for the humidification of gases in medical procedures |
US7708013B2 (en) | 2000-12-08 | 2010-05-04 | Vapotherm, Inc. | Apparatus and method for delivering water vapor to a gas |
CN1301761C (zh) | 2001-02-16 | 2007-02-28 | 雷斯梅德有限公司 | 具有防止液体通过加湿器入口回流的结构的加湿器 |
DE10139881B4 (de) | 2001-08-20 | 2017-06-08 | Resmed R&D Germany Gmbh | Vorrichtung zur Zufuhr eines Atemgases und Verfahren zur Steuerung derselben |
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