US5031612A - System and method for delivering warm humidified air - Google Patents
System and method for delivering warm humidified air Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US5031612A US5031612A US07/513,923 US51392390A US5031612A US 5031612 A US5031612 A US 5031612A US 51392390 A US51392390 A US 51392390A US 5031612 A US5031612 A US 5031612A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- patient
- air
- humidified
- delivered
- heated
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/10—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours
- A61M16/1075—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours by influencing the temperature
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/10—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours
- A61M16/1075—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours by influencing the temperature
- A61M16/108—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours by influencing the temperature before being humidified or mixed with a beneficial agent
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/10—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours
- A61M16/1075—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours by influencing the temperature
- A61M16/109—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours by influencing the temperature the humidifying liquid or the beneficial agent
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/10—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours
- A61M16/1075—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours by influencing the temperature
- A61M16/1095—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours by influencing the temperature in the connecting tubes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/10—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours
- A61M16/14—Preparation of respiratory gases or vapours by mixing different fluids, one of them being in a liquid phase
- A61M16/16—Devices to humidify the respiration air
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M16/00—Devices for influencing the respiratory system of patients by gas treatment, e.g. mouth-to-mouth respiration; Tracheal tubes
- A61M16/0057—Pumps therefor
- A61M16/0066—Blowers or centrifugal pumps
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
- A61M2205/33—Controlling, regulating or measuring
- A61M2205/3368—Temperature
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
- A61M2205/36—General characteristics of the apparatus related to heating or cooling
- A61M2205/3653—General characteristics of the apparatus related to heating or cooling by Joule effect, i.e. electric resistance
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S261/00—Gas and liquid contact apparatus
- Y10S261/31—Heaters
Definitions
- the invention relates to a system and a method for delivering warm humidified air to a patient and more particularly to a system and a method for maintaining the temperature of the warm humidified air as it is delivered to the patient.
- the air may be room air delivered under pressure by a blower or air delivered by a positive pressure ventilator.
- pressurized air is heated and humidified and then delivered through a hose and either a cannula or a mask to the patient's respiratory tract.
- the air also may be enriched with oxygen prior to humidification.
- the delivery hose may have an embedded helical electric heater wire for heating the gas as it is delivered.
- two coaxial hoses may be used for delivering to a patient a gas containing an anesthetic vapor.
- the gas and anesthetic vapor are delivered through an inner one of the hoses.
- Exhaled gases flow through an outer annular passage which surrounds the inner hose to carry such gases away from the patient. It does not appear that the delivered gas and anesthetic vapors are heated and the exhaled gases are not used to maintain the temperature of the gas and anesthetic vapors being delivered to the patient.
- U.S. Pat. No. 3,616,796 teaches the delivery of heated humidified gas to a patient using two coaxial hoses.
- the gas is delivered through the inner one of the hoses which is water permeable. Heated water is passed through the outer annular passage. The heated water heats the delivered gas and water which permeates the inner tube humidifies the gas. This system has no control over the level that the gas is humidified.
- an improved system and method for delivering warm humidified air or other vapor containing gas to a patient without loss of temperature and with minimal or no condensation in the gas as it is delivered.
- the gas is heated prior to humidification. Only a portion of the heated gas is humidified and delivered to the patient through the inner one of two coaxial hoses. A remaining portion of the heated gas is discharged to atmosphere through an annular passage which surrounds the inner hose.
- the surrounding flow of heated gas maintains the temperature of the humidified gas as it flows to the patient, thereby preventing or minimizing condensation. Consequently, when the gas is heated to a prescribed temperature and is humidified to a prescribed relative humidity up to saturation, the patient is assured of receiving the gas at such prescribed temperature and humidity.
- the single figure is a pictorial diagram illustrating a system according to the invention for delivering warm humidified air to a patient.
- a system 10 for delivering warm humidified air to a patient at a desired temperature and humidity.
- Pressurized air is delivered by a blower 11 to a hose 12 which contains an in line electric heating element 13.
- a temperature sensor 14 is located in the hose 12 downstream from the heating element 13.
- a temperature control circuit 15 is responsive to a preset temperature and to the sensor 14 for supplying power to the heating element 13 to heat the air flowing through the hose 12 to the preset temperature.
- the humidifier 17 may be of any conventional design, including a heated liquid vaporizer or a nebulizer (not shown).
- the illustrated humidifier 17 consists of a reservoir 19 holding a volume of water 20.
- An electric heating element 21 is operated by a control circuit 22 to heat the water 20.
- the circuit 22 is responsive to a feedback signal from a temperature sensor 23 located to sense the air temperature in the humidifier 17 above the water 20 and adjacent an air outlet 24 to maintain the humidifier water 20 at a desired temperature to obtain a prescribed humidity in the air at the outlet 24.
- Warm humidifier air is delivered from the air outlet 24 through a hose 25 to an air discharge point 26.
- the warm air at the discharge point 26 may be humidified up to saturation, i.e., up to 100 percent relative humidity.
- the discharge point 26 may be connected, for example, through a cannula (not shown) or a mask (not shown) to deliver the gas to a patient's nostrils.
- a second hose 27 is positioned coaxial to the hose 25.
- An annular passage 28 is formed between the hoses 25 and 27 preferably to extend substantially the entire length of the hose 25.
- the annular passage 28 has an inlet end 29 adjacent the humidifier air outlet 24 and has an outlet end 30 adjacent the warm humidified air discharge point 26.
- the hose 18 is connected to the passage inlet end 29 and the passage outlet end 30 is vented to atmosphere. Consequently, the portion of the heated air in the hose 12 which was not passed through the humidifier 17 is discharged through the hose 18, the annular passage 28 and the outlet 30 to atmosphere. Since the air surrounding the hose 25 is at the same temperature as the air delivered to the humidifier 17, the warm humidified air delivered through the hose 25 is insulated against heat loss. Consequently, the air reaching the patient will have the desired temperature and may be humidified up to the saturation point with little or no condensation as it passes through the hose 25.
- vaporizers and humidifiers may be used in the system 10.
- the source of pressurized air for the system 10 may be the illustrated blower 11 or it may be other known respiratory gas sources such as a positive pressure ventilator.
- liquids other than water may be vaporized and delivered with a heated gas to a patient by the system 10.
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Emergency Medicine (AREA)
- Pulmonology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Anesthesiology (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Hematology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Air Humidification (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims (10)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US07/513,923 US5031612A (en) | 1990-04-24 | 1990-04-24 | System and method for delivering warm humidified air |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US07/513,923 US5031612A (en) | 1990-04-24 | 1990-04-24 | System and method for delivering warm humidified air |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US5031612A true US5031612A (en) | 1991-07-16 |
Family
ID=24045129
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US07/513,923 Expired - Fee Related US5031612A (en) | 1990-04-24 | 1990-04-24 | System and method for delivering warm humidified air |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US5031612A (en) |
Cited By (101)
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---|---|---|---|---|
EP0885623A2 (en) * | 1997-06-17 | 1998-12-23 | FISHER & PAYKEL LIMITED | Respiratory humidification system |
US6050260A (en) * | 1996-12-02 | 2000-04-18 | Fisher & Paykel Limited | Humidifier sleep apnea treatment apparatus |
US6125847A (en) * | 1997-10-22 | 2000-10-03 | Lin; Chung-Yuan | Anesthetic applicator with a temperature humidity regulating capability |
WO2001013981A1 (en) * | 1999-08-23 | 2001-03-01 | Fisher & Paykel Healthcare Limited | Humidity controller |
EP1197237A2 (en) * | 2000-10-10 | 2002-04-17 | Gottlieb Weinmann Geräte für Medizin und Arbeitsschutz GmbH + Co. | Breathing device and method of control |
US20030111077A1 (en) * | 2001-12-17 | 2003-06-19 | Hooser Theron Van | Patient humidification systems |
US20030196659A1 (en) * | 2000-06-14 | 2003-10-23 | Fisher & Paykel Healthcare Limited | Breathing assistance apparatus |
US20030230306A1 (en) * | 2002-06-18 | 2003-12-18 | Siemens Elema Ab | Gas dosing device |
EP1302212A3 (en) * | 2001-10-10 | 2004-01-21 | Fisher & Paykel Healthcare Limited | Forehead support for a facial mask |
US20040074493A1 (en) * | 2000-03-21 | 2004-04-22 | Fisher & Paykel Healthcare Limited | Breathing assistance apparatus |
US20040149284A1 (en) * | 2000-03-21 | 2004-08-05 | Fisher & Paykel Healthcare Limited | Humidified gases delivery apparatus |
US20040221844A1 (en) * | 1997-06-17 | 2004-11-11 | Hunt Peter John | Humidity controller |
US20050172965A1 (en) * | 2002-05-28 | 2005-08-11 | Bjorn Thulin | Breathing device |
WO2006002949A2 (en) * | 2004-06-25 | 2006-01-12 | Produvation Bv | Antiviral heat treatment |
WO2006012877A1 (en) * | 2004-08-02 | 2006-02-09 | Seleon Gmbh | Evaporators and evaporation methods |
EP1634614A2 (en) * | 1997-06-17 | 2006-03-15 | Fisher & Paykel Healthcare Limited | Respiratory humidification system |
US7106955B2 (en) | 1999-08-23 | 2006-09-12 | Fisher & Paykel Healthcare Limited | Humidity controller |
US7111624B2 (en) | 2000-03-21 | 2006-09-26 | Fisher & Paykel Healthcare Limited | Apparatus for delivering humidified gases |
US7120354B2 (en) | 2000-03-21 | 2006-10-10 | Fisher & Paykel Healthcare Limited | Gases delivery conduit |
US20060231095A1 (en) * | 2003-05-23 | 2006-10-19 | Lawrence Kates | Method and apparatus for defending against naso-pharyngeal viral attacks |
US20060237018A1 (en) * | 2000-06-14 | 2006-10-26 | Mcauley Alastair E | Breathing assistance apparatus |
US20070079826A1 (en) * | 2002-09-17 | 2007-04-12 | Fisher & Paykel Healthcare Limited | Apparatus for delivering humidified gases |
US20070175473A1 (en) * | 2005-09-12 | 2007-08-02 | Lewis Charles A | High flow therapy device utilizing a non-sealing respiratory interface and related methods |
US20070230927A1 (en) * | 2003-08-20 | 2007-10-04 | Kramer Martin P F | Water Chamber for Humidifier |
WO2007121736A2 (en) * | 2006-04-24 | 2007-11-01 | Seleon Gmbh | Method for controlling a tni apparatus and corresponding tni apparatus |
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US20080105257A1 (en) * | 2006-11-08 | 2008-05-08 | Resmed Limited | Humidifier for respiratory apparatus |
US20080202512A1 (en) * | 2000-02-18 | 2008-08-28 | Map Medizin-Technologie Gmbh | Respiratory gas hose system for supplying a respiratory gas |
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