JP4968832B2 - Wasabi house forcing cultivation system - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for cultivating wasabi. In particular, the water was fed into the medium as gravity flowing downward by gravity, supplying the medium with abundant oxygen, and the wasabi-enhanced cultivation of wasabi that greatly simplified the washing work of the fine roots and dead leaves of the previous wasabi. About the system.

Conventionally, wasabi is cultivated over a long period of time, usually two years, in a mountainous area where fresh water is flowing and is formed with river gravel such as pebbles.
The conditions for growing wasabi are also difficult, so the places where wasabi can be grown are very limited.
Since this wasabi field is formed in a swamp, it easily breaks down due to the increase of swamp water, and its maintenance and repair work is a heavy labor.

In the case of conventional wasabi fields, for example, in the case of flat land type or tatami stone type, it is necessary to ensure fresh water at a depth of 2 cm and flowing at a rate of 20 cm per second over the entire surface of the wasabi field.
Even if fresh water with such a flow rate can be ensured in normal times, water management is forced to prevent the turbulent flow from flowing into the wasabi field in case of abnormalities such as torrential rain or typhoon, and the burden on growers is heavy.
In addition, seedlings immediately after planting do not readily establish roots in the above-mentioned flowing water, and thus are often washed away by this flowing water, which is wasteful of labor.
In addition, the flow of water is not stable, leading to repeated extreme flooding and water reduction, which can annihilate the entire wasabi field.

On the other hand, regarding water temperature, it is required to be in the range of 8 to 17 ° C. throughout the year, but it is relatively easy to meet this standard in spring water, but the influence of air temperature in swamp water that is surface water. Therefore, it is quite difficult to satisfy this condition, and the places that can be selected as wasabi fields are limited.
Furthermore, the washing operation is an operation that plows the entire field as deeply as possible to wash away the fine roots and dead leaves, algae, weed roots, and mud of the previous crop, but this requires the most labor. However, if this work is not performed sufficiently, it will be affected by diseases such as soft rot and ink diseases. Since the disease may be due to the inflow of muddy water and muddy water, water management to prevent the muddy flow from flowing into the wasabi field during the above-mentioned heavy rain and typhoon increase is also important in this respect.

And in Unexamined-Japanese-Patent No. 11-1551049,
Wasabi cultivation can be done without wasabi rice fields and can be grown without any wasabi fields, and can be made with sufficient wasabi growth. For the purpose of providing a method,
As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, a plurality of cultivation tanks 20 are arranged so as to be sequentially lowered along the inclination of the cultivated land, and a plurality of water holes provided on the bottom surface or the like are provided in these cultivation tanks 20. These cultivation containers are arranged so as to be sequentially lowered by storing the cultivation containers, and the cultivation tanks 20 are connected in order from the higher ones to the lower ones by the water distribution pipes 40, and each of these cultivation containers. By providing a water stop plate 21 having a lower end opened in the tank 20, the cultivation water supplied from the water distribution pipe 40 is temporarily stopped at each water stop plate 21 and then flows from the lower opening to the downstream side, Wasabi cultivation method and apparatus for supplying the cultivation water to the lower part in order from the upstream side of each cultivation container,
Has been proposed.
JP-A-11-151049.

According to the prior art, instead of the gravel ridges of wasabi fields, since a cultivation container having a water passage in which an inorganic medium 13 such as river gravel, river sand, artificial aggregate, etc. is stored is used, Although it is not necessary to always carry out repair work of gravel with gravel, the cultivation work is lightened and the restriction that this wasabi field has to be formed in the swamp is removed, but the wasabi and still water are still wasabi. It remains as an essential condition for cultivation, and the restriction of wasabi cultivation cannot be removed completely.
Moreover, the cultivation container which has a water flow hole is completely submerged in the cultivation water, and the minute void in the inorganic medium is filled with the cultivation water, and oxygen cannot remain in the void. For this reason, the oxygen to be supplied to the wasabi is supplied only from what is dissolved in the cultivated water, so that oxygen cannot be sufficiently supplied to the root of the wasabi, and the situation of oxygen deficiency continues. This is fatal for the roots of wasabi that require a particularly high amount of oxygen compared to other common crops.

Therefore, the present invention provides a method for cultivating wasabi that can shorten the cultivation period of wasabi, which normally takes about two years, to about one year, half of that period, and the water source of the water is not limited to spring water or swamp water. In addition, it is necessary to provide a method for cultivating wasabi that does not require a large amount of water, and to prevent wasabi from being affected by diseases such as soft rot and inking disease, as well as causing wasabi poisoning. In order to provide a cultivation method of wasabi that can be avoided, a completely new cultivation method for promoting wasabi cultivation in a house was proposed (Japanese Patent Application No. 2005-248500 (hereinafter referred to as “prior application invention”). "))).
Japanese Patent Application No. 2005-248500.

  This prior application invention sprays water continuously or intermittently from above the medium to provide flowing water flowing vertically downward in the medium whose bottom surface is released into the atmosphere and set to atmospheric pressure, and at least from the bottom surface of the medium Supplying oxygen to grow wasabi, and watering is to control the amount of water spray so that the roots of wasabi are not submerged and the medium surface is not normally flooded. Sprinkle or spray sprayed wasabi from above to dissolve the oxygen necessary for wasabi growth in the water while the water falls in the air in the house, and bacteria, insects, etc. attached to the wasabi Wash away allergic isothiocyanate, a harmful substance that inhibits the growth of wasabi in the medium, and create an environment for wasabi growth, and water for watering For example determined in a thermostat water such as ground water or spring water, and a possible to a constant temperature of water.

  And according to this prior application invention, the root of the horseradish does not continue to be soaked in the irrigation water as in the conventional cultivation example, and in addition to the oxygen dissolved in the irrigation water, the oxygen remaining in the medium gap is sufficient. Can be absorbed into the plant, so that the roots, stems, leaves, etc. of wasabi can grow quickly, and the cultivation period of wasabi can be shortened from 2 years to 1 year. The yield per unit area can be doubled.

  In addition, the amount of water flowing down in the medium is limited as much as possible so that the water does not occupy the voids in the medium, and oxygen can be absorbed from the surface in addition to absorption from the bottom of the medium. The amount of oxygen remaining in the medium can be increased, and as a result, the water balance of wasabi root and the absorption balance of oxygen can be kept good.

Furthermore, the temperature in the house in the summer and winter high and low temperatures can be leveled, the dormancy period of wasabi is shortened as long as possible, and the growth period of the wasabi of the invention according to claim 1 is increased. Further shortening is possible.
Sprinkling or spraying the wasabi from the top automatically causes harmful organisms and microorganisms such as fungi and insects on wasabi leaves and stems, and allyl isothiocyanate, a harmful substance that suppresses the growth of wasabi in the medium. Therefore, it is possible to save labor by reducing the amount of work required for disinfection and pest control.

  Furthermore, since the constant temperature water is used as water for watering, the temperature of the culture medium can be kept constant. In particular, since the temperature of a deep well of about 100 m is almost constant throughout the year, the annual fluctuation of the medium temperature can be considerably reduced. Furthermore, when the structure which waters or sprays from the upper part with respect to the wasabi which is growing is added, it can contribute to the constant temperature in a house.

However, the house-enhanced cultivation method for wasabi, which is the above-mentioned prior invention proposed by the present inventors, basically uses a cultivation container that contains a medium.
Therefore, if it is going to enlarge the cultivation scale of wasabi, it is necessary to enlarge the facility for implementing this wasabi house forcing cultivation method.
At this time, it is only necessary to build a large house for the house, but in order to create a large-scale culture medium, the operation of storing the culture medium in a huge amount of cultivation container and the huge amount of cultivation container containing the culture medium Since the work efficiency of carrying in / installing in a large house is not good, the construction cost of a large facility for forcing cultivation of wasabi in the house increases.

In the prior application, the medium used in the present crop is used as the medium after the next crop after being washed, dried, disinfected and cured outside the field until the next crop is harvested. If the culture medium after curing is used, the entire field is plowed as deeply as possible, like the flat type and tatami stone type, to wash away the fine roots and dead leaves, algae, weed roots, mud, etc. In this method, the pressure water is discharged while stirring the medium to wash away the fine roots of wasabi, and the sun is dried by drying in the sun.
However, the work of washing the culture medium by enlarging the wasabi cultivation scale and carrying out and carrying in a huge amount of cultivation containers from a large house is a significant increase in cultivation cost, and improvement is desired.

  Therefore, the present invention shortens the cultivation period of wasabi, which normally takes about two years, to about half of that year, and the water source is not limited to spring water or swamp water, and the amount of water to be secured is not large. In addition to minimizing wasabi from being affected by diseases such as soft rot and inking disease, in addition to preventing wasabi from causing self-poisoning, construction of a house-forcing cultivation system for large wasabi The purpose of the present invention is to provide a house-promoting cultivation system for wasabi that can significantly reduce costs and reduce and rationalize management work for wasabi cultivation to save labor.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention
Breathable and water-permeable tubs in which a medium consisting of gravel is deposited on the floor in the house to an appropriate thickness;
A irrigation tube for irrigating cultivation water from above toward the medium;
A plurality of underdrains disposed in the medium;
A pump for supplying water under pressure;
In the house forcing cultivation system of wasabi with
In the in wasabi cultivation, while the pump is connected to the irrigation tube, the cultivation water is irrigated in the media from the irrigation tube, is collected and wastewater into the culvert by gravity,
After wasabi harvesting, the pump was connected to the underdrain, medium pressure washing water was introduced into the medium from the underdrain, and the medium was washed by the pressure water pressure .

  Moreover, the said cage | basket shall be surrounded by the board | plate material with air permeability and water permeability on the four circumferences.

  Further, the floor is an inclined floor inclined in the width direction of the basket, and a plurality of the culverts are arranged in the medium along the inclined floor at a predetermined interval in the ridge direction of the house. The tip should be outside the house.

  Further, a groove along the ridge is excavated and formed on both sides of the ridge direction of the house, and the drainage flowing down in the culvert facing the downstream end in the groove is discharged into the groove, and is unidirectionally into the groove. A flowing water flow was formed, and snow falling from the roof of the house was washed away downstream.

According to the invention which concerns on Claim 1, the culture | cultivation water from the upper direction which permeate | transmits the air permeability and water permeability with which the culture medium which consists of gravel-like material was suitably deposited on the floor in a house, and this culture medium is irrigated An irrigation tube, a plurality of underdrains disposed in the medium, a pump for supplying water under pressure,
In the house forcing cultivation system of wasabi with
In the in wasabi cultivation, the pump is connected to the irrigation tube, the are irrigated in the medium from culture water is the irrigation tube, it is so arranged is collected and wastewater into the culvert by gravity, wasabi The roots do not continue to be soaked in the irrigation water, and in addition to the oxygen dissolved in the irrigation water, they sufficiently absorb the oxygen remaining in the voids of the medium, and the plants such as the wasabi roots, stems, leaves etc. In addition, it can grow early.
From this, it was possible to shorten the cultivation period of wasabi from the conventional two years to one year, thereby doubling the yield per unit area.
In addition, since water is sprayed directly from above to the wasabi that is growing, pests and microorganisms such as fungi and insects on wasabi leaves and stems, and allyl isothiocyanate, a harmful substance that suppresses the growth of wasabi in the medium, are added. Since it can be washed away automatically, the amount of work required for disinfection and pest control can be reduced and labor can be saved.
Furthermore, in the house forcing cultivation system of the wasabi,
In the later wasabi harvest, the pump is connected to the culvert, medium cleaning pressure water is introduced into the culture medium from the underdrain, it is so arranged above the medium is cleaned by the water pressure of the pressure water, wasabi Even if the cultivation scale is increased, the culture medium can be washed easily and effectively without carrying out or carrying a huge amount of cultivation containers out of the large house.
For this reason, since a lot of culture media are used continuously without being carried out of the house, the acquisition cost for the culture media can be halved. In addition, it is possible to carry out the work to minimize wasabi from being affected by diseases such as soft rot and inking disease, and to prevent wasabi from causing self-poisoning, while greatly reducing cultivation costs. , Management work of wasabi cultivation can be reduced and streamlined.

According to the invention which concerns on Claim 2 , since the circumference | surroundings of the persimmon were surrounded by the air-permeable and water-permeable board | plate material, it endures the water pressure of cultivation water or pressure water for washing | cleaning, and prevents that a persimmon collapses effectively. be able to.

According to the invention which concerns on Claim 3 , a floor is made into the inclined floor which inclines in the width direction of the said ridge, and the said underdrain is set in the said medium along the said inclined floor in the said ridge direction at a predetermined interval, and two or more Since the downstream end of the house faces the outside of the house, the cultivation water flows down smoothly, and the root of the horseradish does not continue to be immersed in the water. Moreover, in addition to the oxygen dissolved in the irrigation water, the oxygen remaining in the voids of the medium is sufficiently absorbed, so that plants such as wasabi roots, stems, leaves, etc. can grow rapidly.
In addition, by simply connecting the downstream end of the underdrain with a water source, cleaning pressure water can be supplied to the medium for cleaning, and the excess water that has been cleaned is smoothly discharged outside the house along the inclined floor. The

According to the invention according to claim 4 , a groove along the ridge is excavated and formed on both sides of the ridge direction of the house, and the drainage flowing down in the culvert facing the downstream end in the groove is discharged into the groove. A water flow that flows in one direction in the groove is formed, and snow falling from the house roof part is washed away to the downstream side, so that it is not necessary to remove snow that falls from the house roof part and accumulates between the houses. can do.

If the amount of water sprayed is controlled so that the rhizome of the wasabi will not be submerged and the surface of the medium will not normally be submerged, the amount of water flowing down the medium will be reduced. Limiting as much as possible so that the water does not occupy the voids in the medium, and oxygen can be absorbed reliably from the surface and side of the medium, so that the amount of oxygen remaining in the medium can be increased, and thus wasabi Can maintain a good balance of water and oxygen absorption.
In addition, if water spray is sprayed on the growing wasabi from the mist from above, heat is exchanged with the air in the house while the water falls in the air in the house, and in the high and low temperature periods of summer and winter The temperature in the house can be leveled, and the period of wasabi can be further shortened by shortening the dormancy period of wasabi as short as possible and extending the growth period.
Furthermore, if the water for watering is calculated | required for constant temperature water, such as groundwater or spring water, the temperature of a culture medium can be made constant. In particular, since the temperature of a deep well of about 100 m is almost constant throughout the year, the annual fluctuation of the medium temperature can be considerably reduced. Furthermore, if the structure which sprays or sprays from the upper direction with respect to the wasabi which is growing of Claim 2 , it can contribute to the constant temperature inside a house.

In FIG. 1 thru | or FIG. 4, the Example (henceforth "this system") of the wasabi house forcing cultivation system based on this invention is shown roughly.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing two buildings that are part of the system. Actually, this system consists of 12 buildings. 1 shows that the vinyl sheet 2 covering the system 1 is partly wound to provide an opening 3 for ventilation, and the hot air in the system 1 is replaced with outside air. The temperature inside the system 1 is adjusted.

FIG. 2 shows an enlarged cross-sectional view of the left house of the system 1 shown in FIG.
In this figure, 4 shown below is a culture medium for growing wasabi.
This medium 4 is made up of gravels such as akadama soil, Kiryu sand, Kanuma soil, pumice, bean gravel, etc. in the house as two rows of straws each having a cultivation passage extending in the center toward the ridge. Breathable and water-permeable materials with a suitable thickness of about 3.6m, depth of about 63m, and thickness of about 50cm, with piles of red crust, Kiryu sand, Kanuma soil, pumice, beans gravel, etc. It is said that. In addition, the pebble is particularly preferable from the viewpoint of air permeability, water permeability and water retention.

The upper and lower surfaces of the culture medium 4 are inclined in the width direction of the straw, that is, in the left-right direction as viewed in FIG. 2, with the above-described central cultivation passage as the highest level.
In this system 1, it is made not to incline in the ridge direction, but you may incline so that it may go down toward the front or back of a house.
Moreover, in this system 1, since the frontage size of the house is about 8 m, the central cultivation passage is at the highest level and is inclined to the left and right. However, depending on the frontage size, the central cultivation passage is omitted. It is also possible to incline in either the left or right direction.
In this figure, 5 is an inclined floor which becomes a base on which the medium is deposited, and 6 is a groove formed by excavation on both sides of the house. The inclined floor 5 may be permeable or non-permeable from the viewpoint of receiving the cultivation water flowing down due to gravity, but supports the weight of the entire system over a long period of time. It is desirable that it is impermeable from the viewpoint.
Both side surfaces and both end surfaces of the culture medium 4, that is, the four circumferences thereof, are surrounded with air permeability and water permeability by, for example, driving a vertically long plate-like body into the inclined floor 5 at intervals.
By carrying out like this, it can endure the water pressure of cultivation water or washing pressure water, and it can prevent effectively that a cocoon collapses.

In this system, two water supply systems are provided.
One is a irrigation system 7, which is a irrigation pipe that irrigates the wasabi while replenishing dissolved oxygen in the cultivation water that is groundwater while falling in the air, and two are heat that exchanges heat with the air in the house 1 This is a replacement system 8.
The irrigation system 7 is irrigated throughout the year, and its flow rate is 0.5 l / min · m ² . Through this system, oxygen and nutrients suitable for wasabi can be supplied.
The heat exchanging system 8 is provided with a spray nozzle at the tip, and 0.5 l / min · m ² of ground water is sprayed mainly in summer and winter. Thereby, the air in the house 1 is cooled or heated.
The mist sprayed from the heat exchange system 8 exchanges heat with the air in the house while descending slowly in the air in the house.
If the air in the house 1 rises or falls abnormally. Air conditioning is natural even in spring and autumn.

Reference numeral 9 denotes a light shielding curtain. In the conventional wasabi field, the sunbeams spilling from the trees are the best sunlight conditions, but this shading curtain is intended to artificially reproduce the environment.
In the drawing, the light-shielding curtain 9 is shown only on the ceiling of the house and is not shown, but in the present system 1, it is stretched on both sides and both sides of the house.

Reference numeral 10 denotes a culvert embedded in the culture medium 4, and a water collection hole is formed in the upper surface. The underdrain 10 is piped into the culture medium 4 along a plurality of inclined floors 5 at a predetermined interval, for example, 1/2 m, in the ridge direction of the house.
The cultivation water sprayed from the irrigation pipe 7 is scattered and hits the leaves, stems and roots of the wasabi and then soaks into the medium 4.
The soaked irrigation flows downward due to gravity without forming a horizontal water flow like the conventional wasabi field and the one described in Patent Document 1 above. For this reason, by adjusting the amount of irrigation, air will almost always exist in the gaps between the gravel-like materials of the culture medium 4.
As a result, the wasabi roots in the medium 4 can absorb the necessary water by touching the flowing water, but are not constantly submerged in the water, and therefore exist in the crevice-like space. Oxygen can be efficiently absorbed from the air.
In this system 1, the underdrain 10 is inclined in the culture medium 4, and its downstream end faces the grooves 6 formed by excavation on both sides of the house. Is collected from the culture medium 4 and drained down in the underdrain 10 is discharged to the groove 6, and a water flow flowing in one direction is formed in the groove 6.
As a result, when there is snow on the roof of the house in winter, this water flow acts to drain away the snow falling from the roof of the house to the downstream side, greatly reducing the work of removing snow accumulated between the houses. Or unnecessary.

On the other hand, at the time when the wasabi harvesting is finished, washing medium is supplied with washing pressure water by a pump (not shown) to remove residues and dust such as wasabi roots and dead leaves remaining in the medium. Is done.
At this time, the tip of the cleaning pressure water supply pipe connected to the pump is connected to the downstream tip of the culvert 10 facing the groove 6 formed by excavation on both sides of the house via a connector.
When the pump is driven, the pressure water for washing is ejected from a water collecting hole formed in the upper surface of the underdrain 10 to bring in residues such as wasabi roots and dead leaves remaining in the medium, and dust. 4 is ejected as a jet on the surface or side surface of 4 and is discharged out of the medium.
In this way, residues such as wasabi roots and dead leaves remaining in the medium and dust are removed.

FIG. 3 is a graph showing the average groundwater temperature in each month in the Fukushima area, which is an example of the experimental region of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the maximum and minimum temperatures throughout the year inside and outside the house.
Hereinafter, with reference to drawings, the wasabi house forcing cultivation method according to the present invention will be described in detail.

<Content of inorganic components in water>
The mineral content of irrigation water is the most important factor for wasabi growth. Wasabi specifically absorbs nitrogen, potassium, and calcium, and phosphoric acid and magnesium are about one-fifth of these amounts.
Then, about the inorganic component content of water for use, the spring water used in wasabi field in Shizuoka Prefecture and the water used as groundwater in the present invention are compared and shown in Table 1.
Comparison of inorganic component content (unit: mg / l (except pH))

Note 1: Spring water data is the average of 10 Wasabi Honda fields. Based on data from Shizuoka Wasabi Research Institute (1940).
Note 2: The water data is the average of data from 2001.11 to 2002.7.

The above data comparison revealed the following.
About pH, ammonia, chlorine, nitrous acid, and silicic acid are almost the same value, but about 7 times for nitric acid, about 2 times for sulfuric acid, lime, and bitter soil, more water is used.
In addition, phosphoric acid for water is about 1/30 of spring water, and potassium is about 1/5.
In general, wasabi fields with a large amount of inorganic components have better growth, quality, and yield compared to wasabi fields with a small amount of them.
However, even in the wasabi field springs, which are called honor fields, there are spring waters of approximately the same concentration as the water used in the experimental area for phosphate and potassium. There seems to be no problem on growth.
Furthermore, turbid components in the irrigation water impede the permeability of the medium, which may lead to oxygen deficiency in the wasabi roots, leading to damage such as root rot, but the appearance of the irrigation water is colorless and transparent (chromaticity / turbidity) It is less than 0.5 degrees) and there is no obstacle.
The dissolved oxygen of spring water is about 10 mg / l when the water temperature is around 12 ° C. The dissolved oxygen in water was at least 7.1 mg / l (collected in November 2001) and was low. Therefore, it is preferable to use the water after aeration to increase the amount of dissolved oxygen (9.6 mg / l collected in April 2002 after aeration).
As a method of replenishing dissolved oxygen in the groundwater, the method of spraying groundwater from the above-mentioned irrigation system 7 is the most, the groundwater pumped up is temporarily stored in a groundwater storage tank provided inside or outside the house, A method of performing aeration by rotating a stirrer provided in the storage tank, or an air introduction pipe provided in the middle of the piping of the irrigation system 7 and blowing air from the air introduction port of this pipe may be used.
By adding these methods, it becomes possible to further dissolve oxygen necessary for wasabi growth in the groundwater, which is advantageous for a method for promoting the wasabi house cultivation.

<Water temperature>
The water temperature desirable for cultivating wasabi is 8 to 17 ° C throughout the year, and the optimum growth temperature is 12 to 13 ° C. Moreover, the smaller the annual water temperature difference is, the better.
And when water temperature will be 18 degreeC or more, it will become easy to suffer from wasabi and the cultivation will become difficult. On the other hand, when the water temperature is lowered, the growth is slow at 8 ° C. or less, and the growth is stopped at 5 ° C. or less.
The temperature of the groundwater (100 m depth) used in the present invention is 11 ° C. to 14 ° C. throughout the year, and it has been found that it is within the optimum temperature range for wasabi breeding water.
The water actually used as an example in this example is not the water quality peculiar to this region, but if it is groundwater pumped from a well with a depth of about 100 m in Japan, the water temperature and the content of inorganic components are almost the same. Can be expected.
Therefore, the deep well groundwater can be sufficiently used as water for raising wasabi by increasing the amount of dissolved oxygen as required.
Annual changes in water temperature are shown in Table 2 and Figure 3.
Average water temperature of each month (℃)

《Room temperature in the house》
The growth temperature range of wasabi is approximately 8-18 ° C, and optimally 12-15 ° C.
And growth slows at the temperature of 8 degrees C or less, and growth stops at the temperature of 5 degrees C or less. Furthermore, when the temperature falls below −3 ° C., frost damage occurs.
On the other hand, when the temperature is 25 ° C. or higher, soft rot, strain rot, and the like occur. In addition, if the sunlight is too strong, sunburn may occur.
As described above, wasabi has the property of causing a physiological disorder or being susceptible to illness due to collapse of conditions of temperature and sunlight illuminance.

The Fukushima area, which is the experimental site, differs from the wasabi field in the highland, and the above-mentioned optimum temperature for wasabi cannot be secured.
For this reason, it is necessary to adjust the room temperature in the house mainly in summer and winter.
Therefore, in this embodiment, thermometers are installed inside and outside the house, and temperature adjustment is performed as needed while observing changes in the temperature inside and outside the house.
FIG. 4 is a plot of the maximum and minimum temperatures measured inside and outside the house.

(Shading / ventilation)
In order to mitigate the effects of direct sunlight from spring to summer, a cold mist was placed around 1.7 m above the ground to block out the light.
Also, during the day, it was possible to reduce the growth disturbance by ventilating the vinyl sheet at the hem of the house.
In FIG. 4, the maximum temperature in the house is about 30 ° C. from May to September. This is because the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the house disappeared because the vinyl sheet was partially lifted for ventilation.
At this time, a shower attached at about 1.6 m from the ground sprayed water in the house at 15-minute intervals during fine weather.
As a result, the temperature in the vicinity of the wasabi medium of 1.6 m or less in the house could be maintained at 18 ° C. to 20 ° C. in July and August when the temperature was high.

(Temperature adjustment at high temperature)
To adjust the temperature of the air in the house 1 at a high temperature, a spray nozzle is attached to the open end of the water supply pipe of the heat exchange system 8 which is different from the irrigation water sprinkling pipe 7, and ground water around 14 ° C. is supplied from this nozzle. It sprays on the whole house and heats the air in the house 1 to cool the inside of the house.
The flow rate of groundwater sprayed from this spray nozzle is 0.5 l / min · m ² .
Therefore, the amount of groundwater sprayed at a high temperature is 1.0 l / min · m ² together with the above-mentioned cultivation water.

(Temperature adjustment in winter)
In winter, it is said that the growth of wasabi is delayed when the temperature is 8 ° C or lower, and the growth is almost stopped when the temperature is 5 ° C or lower.
Even in winter, the ground water at around 11 ° C. is sprayed over the entire area of the house from the spray nozzle attached to the open end of the water supply pipe of the heat exchanging system 8 in the same way as at the high temperature to exchange heat with the air in the house 1. Heat the house.
The flow rate of the groundwater sprayed from the spray nozzle is 0.5 l / min · m ² which is the same as the flow rate at the time of high temperature described above.
When the temperature in the house 1 cannot be raised sufficiently with this heating system, a fan coil (not shown) is installed in the house 1 and the thermal energy of groundwater passing through the fan coil is used. It is desirable to increase the heating power.
As a result, despite the fact that the minimum outside air temperature was below freezing point, the groundwater temperature was stable at just under 12 ° C, which is close to the optimum temperature for wasabi cultivation, even in winter. The temperature was warm enough compared to the outside temperature.

It is a perspective view of the house forcing cultivation system of wasabi which concerns on this invention. It is sectional drawing of the house forcing cultivation system of wasabi which concerns on this invention. It is a graph which shows the groundwater average water temperature of each month in the Fukushima area which is an experiment implementation area of this invention. It is a graph which shows the maximum and minimum temperature throughout the year inside and outside the system. It is a top view of the conventional wasabi cultivation apparatus. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the conventional wasabi cultivation apparatus.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 House promotion cultivation system 2 Vinyl sheet winding shaft 3 Ventilation opening 4 Medium 5 Inclined floor 6 Groove 7 Irrigation system (irrigation pipe)
8 Heat exchange system 9 Blackout curtain 10

Claims (4)

Breathable and water-permeable tubs in which a medium consisting of gravel is deposited on the floor in the house to an appropriate thickness;
A irrigation tube for irrigating cultivation water from above toward the medium;
A plurality of underdrains disposed in the medium;
A pump for supplying water under pressure;
In the house forcing cultivation system of wasabi with
In the in wasabi cultivation, while the pump is connected to the irrigation tube, the cultivation water is irrigated in the media from the irrigation tube, is collected and wastewater into the culvert by gravity,
After wasabi harvesting, the pump is connected to the culvert, medium pressure washing water is introduced into the medium from the culvert, and the medium is washed by the pressure water pressure,
Wasabi house forcing cultivation system characterized by that. The horseradish house forcing cultivation system according to claim 1 , wherein the persimmon is surrounded by a plate material having air permeability and water permeability. The floor is an inclined floor inclined in the width direction of the basket, and a plurality of the culverts are arranged in the medium along the inclined floor at a predetermined interval in the ridge direction of the house, and the downstream tip The house forcing cultivation system of wasabi according to any one of claims 1 to 2 , wherein Grooves along the ridges are excavated and formed on both sides of the ridge direction of the house, drainage flowing down in the underpass facing the downstream end in the grooves is discharged to the grooves, and a water flow flowing in one direction into the grooves is generated. The house forcing cultivation system of wasabi according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein the snow that is formed and falls from the house roof portion is washed away to the downstream side.