JP4963784B2 - Cultivated soil resuscitation soil, production method of cultivated soil resuscitation soil, and resuscitation method of field soil - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a soil for resuscitation of cultivated soil produced using a fermentation base made from industrial waste and mud recovered from a water purification plant , a method for producing soil for resuscitation of cultivated soil , and a field soil using soil for resuscitation of cultivated soil. It is about recycling to revive.

Mud discharged from public works and residential buildings, or mud that accumulates daily at water treatment plants, dredged irrigation basins and river lakes are usually recovered and used for landfill. It is inviting a situation of lack of land. On the other hand, fields is the site of food production lowland by being soil runoff is a serious problem. A vicious cycle is occurring where soil from the drained fields accumulates in rivers and lakes.

  In addition, over the last few decades, crops have been steadily increasing in Japan due to heavy use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides. However, recently, the harmful effects such as contamination of drainage from cultivated fields due to their heavy use have begun to stand out. Patent Document 1 discloses a land improvement system that helps solve these problems.

On the other hand, by-products of agricultural production, such as rice husk, rice bran, rice straw, soybean dregs, bean stalk, corn stalk, etc., are reused as feed, fertilizer and the like as long as possible by the methods that have been practiced since ancient times. For example, a technique for converting mushroom medium waste residue into animal food by the methods shown in Patent Document 2 and Patent Document 3 is shown. However, a considerable amount is burnt in terms of efficiency and becomes a part of the cause of CO ₂ generation.

JP 2003-261196 A Japanese Patent No. 3040399 Japanese Patent No. 2676148

The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned various problems, and raises the land of the drained field by using the mud and the like of the water purification plant as described above and by-products of agricultural production. At the same time, it relates to a comprehensive circulation system useful for soil improvement. That is, the present invention aims at providing cultivated soil resuscitation soil, a method of manufacturing a cultivation soil resuscitation soil, and a method of resuscitating fields soil using the cultivation soil resuscitation soil.

The soil for resuscitation of cultivated soil according to claim 1 of the present invention made to achieve the above object is a used mushroom medium in which mushrooms remain, yeast, filamentous fungi, lactic acid bacteria, and Bacillus subtilis. At least one type of fungus selected, organic waste containing fiber, and mud dredged from the rapid filtration site of the water purification plant are mixed, and at least the fungus is added to the used mushroom medium and fermented. and said that you are. Organic waste containing fiber is fermented and matured by the enzymatic action of mushrooms and other fungi. At that time, the soil is present with the moisture in the mud, so that fermentation is promoted.

Similarly, the soil for resuscitation of cultivated soil according to claim 2 is a fermentation obtained by adding and fermenting at least one kind of bacteria selected from yeast, filamentous fungi, lactic acid bacteria, and Bacillus subtilis to a used mushroom medium in which mushrooms remain. The base material, the organic waste containing fiber, and the mud dredged from the rapid filtration place of the water purification plant are mixed .

Moreover, the cultivation soil resuscitation soil similarly according to claim 3, wherein the fermentation substrate, the spent mushroom medium mushroom fungus remains, yeast, filamentous fungi, lactic acid, at least one kind of bacteria selected from Bacillus subtilis It is characterized by being obtained by mixing, turning 1 to 4 times, and aging for at least 3 weeks .

Similarly, in the soil for resuscitation of cultivated soil according to claim 4, the fermentation base material and the organic waste, which are converted to anhydrous and in an anhydrous conversion ratio of 5 to 50: 100 with respect to 1000 kg of mud, are 100 to 100. It is characterized by 3000 kg .

Similarly, the soil for resuscitation of cultivated soil according to claim 5 is an organic waste containing at least one kind of fungus selected from yeast, filamentous fungi, lactic acid bacteria, and Bacillus subtilis in a used mushroom medium in which mushroom fungi remain , and fiber. It is characterized by mixing a soil improvement material obtained by mixing and fermenting a material with mud soil dredged from a rapid filtration site of a water purification plant . This soil improvement material is a material waste containing fiber and fermented by mushroom and other fungal enzymes and matured.

Similarly, the cultivated soil resuscitation soil according to claim 6 is characterized in that a mixing weight ratio of the mushroom medium and the organic waste is 5 to 50: 100 in terms of anhydrous conversion . When the mixing ratio of the mushroom medium to the organic waste is 5/100 or less in terms of anhydrous, the fermentation of the organic waste becomes insufficient, or the time for fermentation becomes remarkably long. Moreover, when it is 50/100 or more, it is satisfactory for fermentation of organic waste, but the most difficult component to be obtained among the wastes to be used is used more than necessary, and each waste is used. It is not preferable in terms of balance of consumption.

The cultivated soil resuscitation soil according to claim 7 , wherein the organic waste is rice husk, rice bran, rice straw, buckwheat husk, bark, bran, straw, soy bean, okara, bean stalk, corn cob, corn stalk And at least one kind of waste selected from vegetable waste, fruit waste, food residue, and plant leaf.

  The organic waste containing fiber is not particularly limited, but the above-described one is relatively rich in fermentation and is economically superior.

Similarly, the soil for resuscitation of cultivated soil according to claim 8 is an organic waste containing a used mushroom medium in which mushrooms remain, at least one fungus selected from yeast, filamentous fungi, lactic acid bacteria, and Bacillus subtilis , and fiber. It is characterized by mixing and fermenting the material and the mud dredged from the rapid filtration site of the water purification plant .

The method for producing the soil for resuscitation of cultivated soil according to claim 9 of the invention, which has been made to achieve the above object, includes a used mushroom medium in which mushrooms remain, yeast, filamentous fungi, and lactic acid bacteria. , Mixing at least one type of fungus selected from Bacillus subtilis, organic waste containing fiber, and mud dredged from a rapid filtration site of a water purification plant, and at that time, at least the used mushroom medium It is characterized by adding bacteria and fermenting .

Similarly, the method for producing a soil for resuscitation of cultivated soil according to the invention according to claim 10 includes a used mushroom medium in which mushrooms remain, at least one type of fungus selected from yeast, filamentous fungi, lactic acid bacteria, and Bacillus subtilis, and fiber It is characterized by mixing the organic waste containing slag and the mud dredged from the rapid filtration site of the water purification plant, aging for at least 3 weeks, and turning back at least twice during that time .

If it is not matured for 3 weeks or more, the organic waste remains as it is, which is a state of so-called raw compost that is immature in fermentation, and causes root decay of cultivated plants. In addition, if the turnover is not performed twice or more, preferably 5 times or more, ventilation necessary for fermentation becomes insufficient, resulting in fermentation unevenness .

Similarly, the method for producing a soil for resuscitation of cultivated soil according to the invention according to claim 11 includes a used mushroom medium in which mushrooms remain, at least one type of fungus selected from yeast, filamentous fungi, lactic acid bacteria, and Bacillus subtilis, and fiber. It is characterized by continuously mixing the organic waste containing water and the mud dredged from the rapid filtration site of the water purification plant, and continuously performing the reverse stirring .

The field soil resuscitation method of the invention according to claim 12 made to achieve the above object is the cultivated soil resuscitation soil according to any one of claims 1 to 8, or claim. The cultivated soil resuscitation soil produced by the production method according to any one of 9 to 11 is sprayed on the field, and the cultivation is repeated at least twice, and at least 3 weeks have elapsed .

When soil for resuscitation of cultivated soil is cultivated and cultivated, soil derived from mud mixed with fermented and matured organic waste is present, so it is familiar with the soil in the field and cultivated more than once. However, even after planting after 3 weeks, the soil can be revived without causing harmful effects such as root rot .

The field soil resuscitation method according to claim 13 is characterized in that the organic waste in the soil for resuscitation of cultivated soil has an anhydrous conversion amount of 0.5 to 8 kg per square meter .

The amount of organic waste sprayed at this level agglomerates the soil, making it suitable for the cultivation of any plant .

Conventionally, in fermentation processes such as composting, air and moisture are required, but soil is not always necessary, and in some cases, the presence of soil has been pointed out as an adverse effect of aging fermentation. However, the fermentation substrate used in the present invention works extremely well for such fermentation. The cultivated soil resuscitation soil containing the fermentation base is an effective soil for reviving the cultivated soil. The soil improving material fermented by the fungi described above is extremely useful for soil resuscitation because the presence of soil plays a major role together with the water in the mud and the fermentation is promoted.

  Organic matter, water, soil, and fermenting enzymes, which are essential components as the soil for resuscitation of the cultivated soil of the present invention, all use waste and are economical. In addition, according to the method for resuscitation of the field soil of the present invention, the use destination of the soil for resuscitation of cultivated soil is the field, so that the waste derived from mud and agricultural products is returned to the cause of generation, which helps natural circulation. It is extremely preferable for maintaining the environment.

  In order to produce the soil improvement material of the present invention, first, a medium after harvesting enoki mushrooms as a used mushroom medium in which mushroom fungi remain in corn ground pulverized matter as organic waste containing fiber After crushing and mixing, and further mixing the yeast for feed, it is aged and cured. This is mixed with lake dredged soil and water purification plant sediment soil that contains water to obtain soil for resuscitation of cultivated soil. The soil for resuscitation of cultivated soil is sprayed on the field and then cultivated with a cultivator. Later, seeding and planting of crops becomes possible.

  Examples of the present invention will be described in detail below, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to these examples. In these examples, with the cooperation of farmers, cultivation experiments were conducted in a field where the soil was revived with the soil for resuscitation of cultivated soil containing the soil improvement material of the present invention.

Example 1
1 kg of Vitacogen (manufactured by Seiwa Co., Ltd.) was mixed with 1000 kg of medium after harvesting enoki mushrooms (water content 50%) as fermenting bacteria for feed, lactic acid bacteria, and Bacillus subtilis. This mixture was stacked in a warehouse and turned over several times in 30 days to obtain 700 kg of fermentation substrate.

  This fermented base material and ground corn crushed 100Kg (water 10%) are mixed with 2000Kg of mud dredged from the rapid filtration site of the water purification plant (water content 67%), and the water is adjusted to 55.4% and mixed. The soil for resuscitation of cultivated soil of Example 1 to which the present invention was applied after turning over 5 times in 30 days was used.

  The soil for resuscitation of cultivated soil (100 kg) was spread to half 50 square meters, which was cut out from 100 square meters of the field where the yield was halved due to half body wilt disease due to the continuous cropping failure of the eggplant, and cultivated three times a month with a truck truck. Growing eggplants in the field. The cultivation results and the occurrence of half body wilt disease are listed in Table 1 below.

(Comparative Example 1)
The sludge of the sewage treatment plant was mixed with the ground material of the fermentation base and the corn core in the same manner as in Example 1, and the present invention was used as the soil for resuscitation of cultivated soil in Comparative Example 1, which was not applied. The soil for resuscitation of cultivated soil (100 kg) was spread over 50 square meters of the remaining half of the above-mentioned field where the yield was halved due to continuous cropping and half-wilt disease. Growing eggplants in the field. The cultivation results and the occurrence of half body wilt disease are listed in Table 1 below.

  From Table 1, it is clear that the disease elimination effect of Example 1 with respect to continuous cropping disorder is superior to that of Comparative Example 1. It was found that even if sewage sludge and the like were fermented with a soil improver, the fermentation shifted to septic fermentation, and there was no effect of eliminating pathogens as soil for resuscitation of cultivated soil.

(Example 2)
700 kg fermentation base material obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 and okara, rice husk, rice bran, bran, and remaining rice, approximately 400 kg in total, mixed with 2000 kg of clay mud (water content 67%), The water was adjusted to 60%, mixed, and turned over 10 times in 30 days to obtain 1000 kg of soil for resuscitation of cultivated soil.

  The field of 400 m2 in which apples have died due to leafy mildew was spread, and 200 kg of the soil for resuscitation of the cultivated soil was spread on a half-cut 200 m2 and cultivated 3 times once every 10 days with a truck. On the 31st day, apples (Fuji) were planted in the field. The growth results are listed in Table 2 below.

(Comparative Example 2)
500 kg of the soil for resuscitation of the cultivated soil obtained in Example 2 was spread over the remaining half of the field 400 m2 to 200 m2 due to leafy mildew, and was not cultivated. On the 31st day, apples (Fuji) were planted in the field. The growth results are listed in Table 2 below.

  From Table 2, it was found that the resistance to disease increases by repeating cultivation after spraying the soil for resuscitation of cultivated soil. It seems that the good bacteria in the soil were activated rapidly by moderate air inflow, and the activity of pathogenic bacteria was suppressed.

(Example 3)
The corn core was pulverized with a pulverizer, and the sawdust medium after harvesting the enoki mushrooms was added to the pulverizer and pulverized, and Vitacogen was mixed. This mixture was piled up in a warehouse, allowed to stand for 30 days and aged to obtain a soil conditioner. On the other hand, the moat at I Shrine was under construction as dredging was accumulated for years. This soil conditioner was brought to the construction site, and 300 kg per ton of sludge digged up was mixed with a mixer to obtain soil for resuscitation of cultivated soil.

  The soil for resuscitation of cultivated soil was transported to a farmer specializing in crop cultivation, and 1 ton of soil for resuscitation of cultivated soil was spread to 300 square meters and cultivated with a truck truck in a field that was exhausted by chemical fertilizers and had a reduced yield. Tomatoes and cucumbers were cultivated on the cultivated land where the soil for cultivation was revived by mixing the soil conditioner. As a result, the tomatoes did not lose flowers or fruit, and the cucumbers grew very smoothly. Yields exceeding the average yield in the neighborhood where the cultivation conditions such as fertilizer were the same were obtained.

Example 4
The mixture of Example 3 (immature) was mixed in the mud dredged from the rapid filtration pond of the water purification plant, and stirred and turned over five times in 30 days to obtain soil for resuscitation of cultivated soil.

100 kg of soil for resuscitation of cultivated soil was sprayed and cultivated on 50 m ² of a home garden where continuous cropping failure occurred (the eggplant could not be harvested until the previous year). As a result, tomatoes and eggplants grew smoothly and could be harvested without any damage. The tomato yielded more than the average yield in the neighborhood, and the average yield was obtained.

(Example 5)
100 kg of soil for resuscitation cultivated as in Example 4 was sprayed and cultivated on a 30 m ² portion of a flower cultivation field (a good vegetable could not be removed due to chemical damage) until the previous year, and tomatoes and cucumbers were cultivated. . As a result, the growth of both tomatoes and cucumbers was good, and the average yield in the neighborhood where the cultivation conditions were the same was obtained. Especially for tomatoes, the sweetness was very popular.

(Example 6)
The same cultivated soil resuscitation soil 5 Kg / m ² as in Example 2 is sprayed and cultivated on the floor of statice that has been cultivated for many years to cultivate statice. As a result, it was possible to harvest nearly three times as many flowers that had been cut only about 30 from the previous one. The flower grades that were previously M were L and LL.

(Example 7)
The soil improvement material of Example 3 was mixed in the mud dredged from the rapid filtration pond of the water purification plant and stirred to make soil for resuscitation of cultivated soil.

The clay field, which was supposed to be hardened due to poor drainage and vegetables and flowers, was divided, and on this side, 2Kg / m ² of this soil for resuscitation was cultivated and cultivated. Cultivated without using cultivated soil resuscitation soil. Each house was hung and planted with tomato, cucumber and asparagus seedlings. As a result, on the side using the soil for resuscitation of cultivated soil, the hard soil became very soft, these seedlings grew very vigorously, and cucumbers could be harvested one month after planting. On the other hand, the cucumber seedlings of the house that did not use the cultivated soil resuscitation soil had withered. In the former house, there were few pests and the number of disinfections was halved compared to the other house. Both cucumbers and tomatoes were sweeter than the results of normal cultivation, and asparagus was thick and soft.

(Example 8)
The soil for resuscitation of cultivated soil of Example 7 was sprayed and cultivated by spraying 2.5 kg / m ² , and long yam and potato were grown. As a result, potatoes were harvested earlier than the average harvest in the neighborhood where the cultivation conditions were the same. Also, Nagatoro was thick and long. Both were sweet.

Example 9
The soil for resuscitation of cultivated soil of Example 7 was sprayed directly around the adult blueberry being cultivated and sown so as to be rooted. As a result, the number of shoots germinated and grown more than the other trees that did not sow, and the trees became well.

Claims (13)

Used mushroom medium with residual mushroom, at least one fungus selected from yeast, filamentous fungus, lactic acid bacterium, Bacillus subtilis, organic waste containing fiber, and dredged from rapid filtration place of water treatment plant A soil for resuscitation of cultivated soil , which is mixed with mud and fermented with at least the fungus added to the used mushroom medium . Organic waste containing fiber and fermentation substrate obtained by adding and fermenting at least one kind of bacteria selected from yeast, filamentous fungi, lactic acid bacteria, and Bacillus subtilis to used mushroom medium in which mushrooms remain The soil for resuscitation of cultivated soil according to claim 1, wherein muddy soil dredged from a rapid filtration site of a water purification plant is mixed . The fermentation base is mixed with at least one kind of bacteria selected from yeast, filamentous fungi, lactic acid bacteria, and Bacillus subtilis in a used mushroom medium in which mushrooms remain , and is turned over 1 to 4 times and aged for at least 3 weeks. cultivation soil resuscitation soil according to claim 2, wherein the obtained it was in. The said fermentation base material and the said organic waste which are 5-50: 100 in an anhydrous conversion ratio are 100-3000Kg with respect to the mud of 1000Kg converted into anhydrous, The Claim 2 characterized by the above-mentioned. The soil for cultivated soil resuscitation described. Soil improvement obtained by mixing and fermenting at least one type of bacteria selected from yeast, filamentous fungi, lactic acid bacteria, Bacillus subtilis and organic waste containing fiber in a used mushroom medium with residual mushrooms The soil for resuscitation of cultivated soil according to claim 1 , characterized in that the material and mud dredged from the rapid filtration site of the water purification plant are mixed . 6. The cultivated soil resuscitation soil according to claim 5 , wherein a mixing weight ratio of the mushroom medium and the organic waste is 5 to 50: 100 in terms of anhydrous conversion . The organic waste is rice husk, rice bran, rice straw, buckwheat husk, bark, bran, straw, soybean waste, okara, beanstalk, corn cob, corn stalk, vegetable waste, fruit residue, food residue, plant The soil for cultivating soil resuscitation according to claim 5, wherein the soil is at least one kind of waste selected from leaves . Used mushroom medium with residual mushroom, at least one fungus selected from yeast, filamentous fungus, lactic acid bacterium, Bacillus subtilis, organic waste containing fiber, and dredged from rapid filtration place of water treatment plant The soil for resuscitation of cultivated soil according to claim 1, wherein mud soil is mixed and fermented . Used mushroom medium with residual mushroom, at least one fungus selected from yeast, filamentous fungus, lactic acid bacterium, Bacillus subtilis, organic waste containing fiber, and dredged from rapid filtration place of water treatment plant A method for producing a soil for resuscitation of cultivated soil , comprising mixing mud soil and fermenting the fungus by adding the fungus to at least the used mushroom medium . Used mushroom medium with residual mushroom, at least one fungus selected from yeast, filamentous fungus, lactic acid bacterium, Bacillus subtilis, organic waste containing fiber, and dredged from rapid filtration place of water treatment plant The method for producing soil for resuscitation of cultivated soil according to claim 9, wherein the soil is mixed with mud, aged for at least 3 weeks, and turned back at least twice during that time. Used mushroom medium with residual mushroom, at least one fungus selected from yeast, filamentous fungus, lactic acid bacterium, Bacillus subtilis, organic waste containing fiber, and dredged from rapid filtration place of water treatment plant The method for producing cultivated soil resuscitation soil according to claim 9, wherein the mud soil is continuously mixed, and the reverse stirring is continuously performed. The soil for resuscitation of cultivated soil according to any one of claims 1 to 8 or the soil for resuscitation of cultivated soil produced by the production method according to any one of claims 9 to 11 is sprayed on a field and at least twice. A method for resuscitation of field soil, characterized by repeating tillage and allowing at least three weeks to elapse. The method for resuscitation of field soil according to claim 12, wherein the organic waste in the cultivated soil resuscitation soil has a dry conversion amount of 0.5 to 8 kg per square meter.