JP4887709B2 - Method and apparatus for increasing yield of plant polyphenols - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for increasing yield of a polyphenol that promotes the synthesis of plant polyphenols.

  Conventionally, as a method for increasing the yield of polyphenols in plants, for example, a method for promoting the synthesis of anthocyanin, which is a kind of polyphenol contained in the leaves of sunny lettuce during cultivation, as shown in Patent Document 1, is known.

This method irradiates the sunny lettuce under cultivation with visible light containing a blue component having a wavelength of 400 to 500 nm, which is effective for the synthesis of anthocyanins, at night when anthocyanins are easily decomposed to synthesize anthocyanins in leaves. It is intended to prevent poor coloring of Sunny lettuce based on the lack of anthocyanins and lack of antioxidant components in the leaves. However, this method for increasing the yield of polyphenols may not necessarily sufficiently promote the synthesis of polyphenols.
JP 2003-204718 A

  The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and provides a polyphenol yield increasing method and a revenue increasing apparatus capable of sufficiently promoting the synthesis of polyphenol and preventing poor coloring and lack of antioxidant components. The purpose is to do.

The invention of claim 1 in order to achieve the above object, the baby leaves in cultivation, the visible light is 150~600μmol ^/ m 2 ^/ sec, and 100 .mu.W / cm ² or more der is, the wavelength of 280~300nm A method for increasing the yield of polyphenols in plants, which comprises irradiating the removed UV-B light.

  Here, baby leaf means a generic name of young leafy vegetables about 10 to 30 days after germination. Specifically, for example, lettuce (Lolorossa, Detroit, Red Romaine, Red Oak, etc.), Mizuna, Spinach, Beet , Mustard and so on. However, there is no provision that it is not a baby leaf if the above vegetables are not used, and it is regarded as a baby leaf if young leaves are used. UV-B light generally means light having a wavelength range of 280 to 320 nm.

Invention of Claim 2 is provided with the visible light source which irradiates the said visible light, and the UV-B light source which irradiates the said UV-B light, A baby leaf is cultivated with the polyphenol yield increasing method of Claim 1. This is a plant polyphenol yield increasing device .

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the visible light having a limited light amount and the UV-B light having a limited light amount are irradiated, so that a crop with better color development can be obtained as compared with the prior art. In addition, according to the invention of claim 1, since UV-B light from which a wavelength of 280 to 300 nm is removed is irradiated, it is possible to prevent growth disorders such as plant death and dwarfing as compared with the prior art.

According to the invention of claim 2, since various light sources are integrated, the uniformity of the light output from the light source can be easily adjusted.

  Hereinafter, a plant polyphenol increasing method and an increasing device according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a configuration of a polyphenol increase apparatus according to the present embodiment. The polyphenol gain-increasing apparatus 1 includes a white lamp 2 (visible light source) that emits visible light and a fluorescent lamp 3 (UV-B light source) that emits UV-B light. The fluorescent lamp 3 has a borosilicate glass cylinder 6 that removes a wavelength of 280 to 300 nm and a wavelength of 340 to 550 nm. A U-shaped cultivation container 5 is disposed immediately below the white lamp 2 and the fluorescent lamp 3. The inside of the cultivation container 5 is filled with a culture medium 7, and a baby leaf 4 is planted in the culture medium 7. Baby leaf 4 means a generic name of young leafy vegetables about 10 to 30 days after germination. Specifically, for example, lettuce (Lolo Rossa, Detroit, Red Romaine, Red Oak, etc.), Mizuna, Spinach, Beet, There are mustards. However, there is no provision that it is not a baby leaf if the above vegetables are not used, and it is regarded as a baby leaf if young leaves are used.

  The irradiation intensity of the light output from the white lamp 2 and the fluorescent lamp 3 is measured using irradiation intensity means (not shown) such as an irradiation intensity measuring machine. The white lamp 2 and the fluorescent lamp 3 are controlled so as to output light having a desired irradiation intensity by feeding back the measurement result. In addition, since the polyphenol-yielding apparatus 1 integrates each light source, it can adjust the uniformity of the light output from each light source easily. Further, by providing an optical member such as a Fresnel lens for improving the light uniformity between the cultivation container 5 and the white lamp 2 or the fluorescent lamp 3, the light uniformity can be adjusted.

The white lamp 2 uses, for example, FL20SS · EX-N manufactured by Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd., whose irradiation intensity is 150 to 600 μmol / m ² / sec. FIG. 2 shows the distribution of the output wavelength region when the white lamp 2 uses FL20SS · EX-N manufactured by Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. The output wavelength range of the white lamp 2 is mainly 400 to 780 nm as shown in FIG.

As the fluorescent lamp 3, for example, a fluorescent lamp of GL20SE manufactured by Sankyo Co., Ltd. or TL20W / 01RS manufactured by Philips Co., Ltd., which can obtain UV-B light of 100 μW / cm ² or more is used. 3 shows the distribution of the output wavelength range when Sankyo GL20SE is used as the fluorescent lamp 3, and FIG. 4 shows the output wavelength range when Philips TL20W / 01RS is used as the fluorescent lamp 3. Distribution is shown. As shown in FIG. 3, the output wavelength range of Sankyo Co., Ltd. GL20SE is in the range of 280 to 580 nm, and the peak wavelength is 310 nm.

  The borosilicate glass cylinder 6 is formed from a cylinder of Pyrex (registered trademark) manufactured by Corning, for example, which removes a wavelength of 280 to 300 nm. Moreover, the wavelength of 340-550 nm is also removed by forming an optical multilayer film using the above-mentioned Corning Pyrex glass. In addition, by using Pyrex glass manufactured by Corning, further removing a wavelength of 340 nm or more by forming an optical multilayer film, or by forming a bandpass filter using Pyrex glass manufactured by Corning, 300 to Only the wavelength of 340 nm can be transmitted.

  In the method for increasing the yield of polyphenol of the baby leaf 4 according to the present embodiment, the baby leaf 4 is irradiated with visible light that is 150 to 600 μmol / m 2 / sec and UV-B light that is 100 μW / cm 2 or more. Moreover, what removed the wavelength of 280-300 nm contained in a UV-B light source is used. Furthermore, the thing remove | excluding the wavelength of 340-550 nm contained in a UV-B light source is used.

  Next, the cultivation conditions of the baby leaf 4 are shown. Planted in the red romaine and red oak, which are a kind of baby leaf 4, in the medium 7 of the polyphenol-yielding device 1, with 14 hours of the day being the light period, the remaining 10 hours being the dark period, and the light period Cultivation was performed for a total of 20 days under the conditions of 30 ° C. for the interval and 25 ° C. for the dark period.

Table 1 shows the results of verification of the growth status of baby leaves and the amount of anthocyanin produced under the conditions described above. The growth status of each baby leaf was visually observed. The amount of anthocyanin produced in each baby leaf was obtained by immersing and extracting the collected sample with 5% formic acid for 48 hours, and evaluating the extract by absorption spectrometry with a measurement wavelength of 540 nm. Displayed as a relative value.

From Table 1, the irradiation of 150 to 600 μmol / m ² / sec of visible light and 100 μW / cm ² or more of UV-B light from which a wavelength of 280 to 300 nm has been removed is applied to the baby leaf 4 anthocyanins. It can be seen that the synthesis is promoted. Moreover, it turns out that the growth disorder | damage | failure, such as the death or dwarf of the baby leaf 4, can be prevented by irradiating UV-B light which removed the wavelength of 280-300 nm. It can also be seen that by attracting UV-B light from which wavelengths of 340 to 550 nm have been removed, attracting insects can be suppressed particularly when UV-B is irradiated at night. In this verification, the UV-B light is turned on only during the light period, but the same effect can be obtained even when it is turned on in the dark period.

  In the above-described embodiment, the white lamp 2 is used alone as a light source for irradiating visible light. However, the white lamp 2 and natural light may be used in combination. In this case, a measuring means for measuring the irradiation intensity of natural light is provided, and the white lamp 2 only needs to irradiate visible light by a difference between the measurement result and the target irradiation intensity, compared with the case where the white lamp 2 is used alone. Cost can be reduced.

  Next, a plant polyphenol yield increasing method and a revenue increasing apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 5 shows a configuration of the polyphenol increase apparatus according to the present embodiment. This polyphenol gain increasing device 1 means far-red light (Far-Red), a fluorescent lamp 8 that irradiates FR light that is light having a wavelength of 700 to 800 nm, and a reflector 10 that reflects light emitted from each light source. Except that the fluorescent lamp 3 has a borosilicate glass cylinder 11 that removes a wavelength of 280 to 300 nm. A sprout 9 is planted in the culture medium 7 of the cultivation container 5. The light output from the white lamp 2, the fluorescent lamp 3, and the fluorescent lamp 8 is irradiated with an irradiation intensity means (not shown) such as an irradiation intensity measuring device, as in the polyphenol increasing apparatus according to the first embodiment. The irradiation intensity is measured by using the laser beam and is controlled so as to output light having a desired irradiation intensity. Sprout 9 is a generic term for plant shoots about 10 days after germination, and specifically includes, for example, Soba sprout, Tade, safflower, Japanese radish, broccoli, cabbage, Chinese cabbage, and many others are edible It is cultivated as.

The fluorescent lamp 8 is a general-purpose fluorescent lamp, for example, FL20S · FR · P manufactured by Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. The fluorescent lamp 8 emits the FR light and the visible light component simultaneously, and the irradiation intensity can be arbitrarily selected in the range of 10 to 40 μmol / m ² / sec in terms of visible light. FIG. 6 shows the distribution of the output wavelength region when FL20S · FR · P manufactured by Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. is used for the fluorescent lamp 8, and the output wavelength region is mainly 400 to 780 nm.

  The borosilicate glass cylinder 11 is formed by forming an optical multilayer film on a borosilicate glass (Corning Pyrex glass) cylinder as in the first embodiment.

In the plant polyphenol yield increasing method according to this embodiment, the sprout 9 is irradiated with UV-B light of 100 to 600 μW / cm ² . Moreover, the visible light which is 10-40 micromol / m < ² > / sec is irradiated. Moreover, 10-40 micromol / m < ² > / sec FR light is irradiated in conversion of visible light. Moreover, what removed the wavelength of 280-300 nm contained in a UV-B light source is used.

  Next, the cultivation conditions of the sprout 9 are shown. Here, for example, a soba sprout which is a kind of sprout 9 is used. First, seeds are soaked at 25 ° C. for 8 hours in tap water twice the weight of the seeds. Then, after seeding on a urethane mat, it is set in a watering cultivation device (not shown) and cultivated in the dark at 25 ° C. for 7 days under an environment of watering for 10 seconds per hour. The soba sprout at this point is white with little anthocyanin coloration. Thereafter, the soba sprout is set in the culture medium 7 of the polyphenol yield increasing apparatus 1, and light irradiation is continuously performed at a temperature of 25 ° C. for 0 to 72 hours to increase the polyphenol component.

  Conventionally, sunlight is radiated in a facility, but in the summer, sunlight is too strong and polyphenols increase, but the cotyledons turn yellow and impair commercial value. In some cases, it may lead to death. On the other hand, in winter and cloudy weather, stable production is difficult because polyphenols are not sufficiently formed.

Table 2 shows the results of verification of the growth status of soba sprout and the amount of anthocyanin produced under the conditions described above. In addition, the growth situation of Soba sprout was observed visually. The amount of anthocyanin produced in each soba sprout was obtained by immersing and extracting a collected sample with 5% formic acid for 48 hours, and then evaluating the extract by absorption spectrometry with a measurement wavelength of 540 nm, which was obtained in an amount equivalent to cyanidin. displayed.

  According to Table 2, UV-B light, visible light, and FR light with a limited amount of light are irradiated on the soba sprout, so that a crop with a higher polyphenol content and better color development than the prior art can be obtained. I understand.

Next, about the coloring of the strawberry fruit skin, it verified using the polyphenol yield increase apparatus 1. FIG. Table 3 shows the verification results. This verification was performed using strawberries that were cloudy during house cultivation and slightly undercolored.

From Table 3, it can be seen that irradiation of UV-B light at 360 μW / cm ² and visible light at 23 μmol / m ² / sec for 48 hours at 25 ° C. causes the strawberry fruit epidermis to be colored sufficiently red.

In addition, the coloration of rose petals was also verified using the polyphenol increase device 1. Table 4 shows the verification results. In this verification, the same process as that of the strawberry described above was performed using roses that were slightly undercolored.

  From Table 4, it can be seen that roses are colored bright red at 25 ° C. for 48 hours.

  In addition, according to the polyphenol yield increasing method according to the above-described embodiment, UV-B light from which a wavelength of 280 to 300 nm is removed is irradiated, so that growth disorders such as plant death and dwarfing are prevented as compared with the prior art. can do.

  The present invention is not limited to the configuration of each of the above embodiments, and various modifications can be made as appropriate without departing from the spirit of the invention.

1 is a configuration diagram of a plant polyphenol yield increasing device according to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. The distribution map which shows the output wavelength range of the visible light source in the said apparatus. The distribution map which shows the output wavelength range of the UV-B light source in the said apparatus. The distribution map which shows the output wavelength range of the UV-B light source different from the above in the said apparatus. The block diagram of the polyphenol increase apparatus of the plant which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. The distribution map which shows the output wavelength range of the FR light source in the said apparatus.

Explanation of symbols

1 Polyphenol increase device 2 White lamp (visible light source)
3 Fluorescent lamp (UV-B light source)
4 Baby leaf 5 Cultivation container 6 Borosilicate glass cylinder 7 Medium 8 Fluorescent lamp (FR light source)
9 Sprout 10 Reflector 11 Borosilicate glass cylinder

Claims (2)

Baby leaf in cultivation, the visible light is 150~600μmol ^/ m 2 ^/ sec, and 100 .mu.W / cm ² or more der is, and then irradiating the UV-B light to remove wavelengths of 280~300nm How to increase plant polyphenols. A plant comprising: a visible light source for irradiating the visible light; and a UV-B light source for irradiating the UV-B light. Polyphenol increase device .

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