JP4880874B2 - 速度および方向センサからの情報を供給する方法及び装置 - Google Patents
速度および方向センサからの情報を供給する方法及び装置 Download PDFInfo
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- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
- G01D5/12—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means
- G01D5/244—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing characteristics of pulses or pulse trains; generating pulses or pulse trains
- G01D5/24457—Failure detection
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- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
- G01D5/12—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means
- G01D5/14—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage
- G01D5/142—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage using Hall-effect devices
- G01D5/145—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable using electric or magnetic means influencing the magnitude of a current or voltage using Hall-effect devices influenced by the relative movement between the Hall device and magnetic fields
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
- G01P3/00—Measuring linear or angular speed; Measuring differences of linear or angular speeds
- G01P3/42—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means
- G01P3/44—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means for measuring angular speed
- G01P3/48—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means for measuring angular speed by measuring frequency of generated current or voltage
- G01P3/481—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means for measuring angular speed by measuring frequency of generated current or voltage of pulse signals
- G01P3/488—Devices characterised by the use of electric or magnetic means for measuring angular speed by measuring frequency of generated current or voltage of pulse signals delivered by variable reluctance detectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03K—PULSE TECHNIQUE
- H03K5/00—Manipulating of pulses not covered by one of the other main groups of this subclass
- H03K5/01—Shaping pulses
- H03K5/08—Shaping pulses by limiting; by thresholding; by slicing, i.e. combined limiting and thresholding
- H03K5/082—Shaping pulses by limiting; by thresholding; by slicing, i.e. combined limiting and thresholding with an adaptive threshold
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Description
製品の品質向上、進展に伴い、磁界検知素子も、エレクトロニクスに依存する製品、たとえば自動車制御装置などに広く使用されるようなった。自動車応用の典型例として、エンジンのクランクシャフト及び/またはカムシャフトからの点火タイミングの検出、アンチブレーキシステムや四輪ステアリングシステムにおける車輪速度の検出がある。車輪速度を検出する場合、典型的に、励振器は車輪より車内に取り付けられた励振器ホイールであり、この励振器ホイールが車輪に機械的に接続され、車輪と一緒に回転する。励振器ホイールには、典型的に励振器ホイールの周縁から車内に搭載される磁界センサに向けて軸方向に延在する複数の歯が設けられる。上述したように、励振器ホイールは鉄等の高透磁率材料で形成され、各歯が検知素子に向かって回転すると、磁気回路の磁気抵抗が減少する結果、磁界強度が増大する。その後、歯が検知素子から離れていくと磁気回路の磁気抵抗が増大し、磁界強度は減少する。ホール効果素子が用いられる状況では、それぞれの歯がホール効果素子の近くを通過する際に、対応するピークが素子の横方向電極間電位に発生する。
さて図4を参照すると、センサ70は、磁界に比例する出力信号を出力ポートに出力する磁界センサ72を有する。特定の一実施形態において、磁界センサ72は、たとえば、1つの永久磁石と1対のホール効果センサを含む。磁界センサ28、たとえば、磁石とセンサがターゲット(たとえば図1の励振器ホイール)と一緒に組み合わせられるサブアセンブリにおいて、永久磁石は、両者間の磁気回路を定める。磁界センサ72は磁界を発生し、その磁束密度は磁気回路の磁界強度に依存する。磁気回路の磁束は一方がS極で他方がN極である磁石の両極間に広がる。磁極は磁界センサ内でホール効果センサと垂直に配向され、磁極の一方はホール効果センサに近接し、他方はホール効果センサからはずされている。磁束の大部分は、ホール効果センサから最も遠い磁極から出て、この磁極と励振器ホイール20間の空隙を横断し、戻りで再び空隙を通ってホール効果センサに最も近い磁極に入るループ内に集中する。
Claims (15)
- 少なくとも第1のエッジと第2のエッジを有する強磁性体の歯を備えたターゲットの少なくともひとつのパラメータに関する情報を供給する方法において、
前記ターゲットの少なくとも前記第1及び第2のエッジを有する強磁性体の歯を検出するステップと、
前記ターゲットの前記検出された第1及び第2のエッジのそれぞれに応答するパルスを生成するステップと、前記パルスのそれぞれは第1または第2のパルス幅を有し、前記第1のパルス幅は第1の論理値に対応し、前記第2のパルス幅は異なる第2の論理値に対応し、
前記ターゲットの少なくともひとつのパラメータを測定するステップと、を含み、
前記第1のパルス幅は、第2のパルス幅の倍数であり、
前記測定されたパラメータの値をコード化することにより前記第1のパルス幅および第2のパルス幅から選択されたそれぞれのパルス幅を備えた少なくとも2つのパルスを使用するデータワードを形成するステップをさらに含むことにより、前記ターゲットの前記測定されたパラメータの情報を伝え、
前記ターゲットの運動の方向を検出するステップをさらに含み、
前記パルスを生成するステップにおいて、前記第1または第2のパルス幅を有する前記パルスは、前記ターゲットが第1の方向に移動する時に生成され、そして前記ターゲットが第2の方向に移動することが検出された時に、第3のパルス幅を有するパルスは、前記ターゲットの検出された第1のエッジと第2のエッジに応答して生成され、前記第3のパルス幅は前記第1及び第2のパルス幅と異なる、
方法。 - 前記第1のパルス幅は前記第2のパルス幅の2倍である、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 前記データワードは前記測定されるパラメータの少なくとも3つの個別の範囲を表す、請求項1または2に記載の方法。
- 前記パルスを生成するステップにおいて、前記ターゲットが第2の方向に移動する時に、前記ターゲットの検出された第1のエッジと第2のエッジに応答して生成された各パルスは、第3または第4の異なるパルス幅を有し、第3のパルス幅は第1の論理値に対応し、第4のパルス幅は第2の論理値に対応している、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 少なくとも第1及び第2のエッジを有する強磁性体物品の歯を検出する磁界センサと、
(a)前記強磁性体物品が設置される環境のパラメータ、(b)磁気物品近接検出器が設置される環境のパラメータ、または(c)前記磁気物品近接検出器と前記強磁性体物品間の空隙に関するパラメータの少なくとも1つ、および(d)強磁性体物品の速度と方向を表すパラメータを測定する検出回路と、
前記検出回路から1以上の信号を受けるよう接続された出力制御回路とを備え、
前記出力制御回路は、前記1以上の信号から所定のプロトコルに従ってデータストリングを生成し、前記データストリングにおいて論理値を有する論理データビットは、第1のパルス特性値を備えたパルス特性を有する単一パルスから与えられ、前記データストリングにおいて第2の異なる論理値をもつ別の論理データビットは第2の異なるパルス特性値を備えたパルス特性を有する別の単一パルスから与えられ、各前記単一パルスは前記検出された強磁性体物品の第1及び第2のエッジのそれぞれに対応し、
前記第2の異なるパルス特性値は、前記第1のパルス特性値の倍数であり、
前記データストリングは前記測定されたパラメータの値をコード化したデータワードを含み、このデータワードにより前記強磁性体物品が設置される環境のパラメータ、前記磁気物品近接検出器が設置される環境のパラメータ、前記磁気物品近接検出器と前記強磁性体物品間の空隙に関するパラメータの少なくとも1つ、および強磁性体物品の方向と速度を表すパラメータの定量化された特性を伝え、
前記パルス特性は、パルス電流レベル特性に対応し、前記パルス電流レベル特性は、ひとつの論理値に対応する電流レベル、異なる論理値に対応する電流レベル、方向情報に対応する別の異なる電流レベルを含む、
磁気物品近接検出器。 - 前記検出回路は、
前記磁界センサと前記出力制御回路に接続され、前記強磁性体物品の回転速度を検出するために適用される、速度検出回路、
前記磁界センサと前記出力制御回路に接続され、前記強磁性体物品の回転方向を検出するために適用される方向検出回路、
前記磁界センサと前記出力制御回路に接続され、前記磁界センサ出力信号の電圧を検出するために適用される空隙検出回路、
のうち、少なくとも1つを含む、請求項5記載の検出器。 - 前記検出回路は、
前記出力制御回路に接続された出力を備え、前記磁界センサが設置されている環境の温度を検出するために適用される温度検出回路、
前記磁界センサと上記出力制御回路に接続され、前記磁界センサと前記強磁性体物品間の距離を検出するために適用される空隙検出回路、
のうち、少なくとも1つを含む、請求項5記載の検出器。 - 前記磁界センサは、
第1のホール効果センサと、
前記第1のホール効果センサから隔てて配置される第2のホール効果センサと、
前記第1及び第2のホール効果センサに近接した第1の磁極と、前記第1及び第2のホール効果センサからはずされている第2の磁極を有する磁石と、
前記第1及び第2のホール効果センサの出力を受けるよう接続され、増幅された出力信号を前記磁界センサの出力に与える増幅回路と、
を有する、請求項5記載の検出器。 - 一方の論理データビットは論理ゼロに対応し、
他方の論理データビットは論理1に対応し、
前記データストリングは、スタートデータシーケンス(SDS)、及び診断情報を含む少なくとも1つのデータワードを表し、
前記診断情報は、
(a)検出可能範囲外にある前記磁界センサおよび前記磁気物品間の空隙、
(b)前記検出可能範囲外に近い空隙、
(c)正常値より小さいが前記検出可能範囲外に近くない空隙、
(d)正常値より大きい空隙、
(e)第1の所定の低閾値よりも低い、前記センサが設置される環境の温度、
(f)第2の所定の高閾値温度より高い温度、
(g)前記第1の所定の低閾値温度と第2の所定の高閾値温度の間の温度、
のうち1つに関する少なくとも1つの条件を表す、請求項5記載の検出器。 - 前記出力制御回路は、第1の方向で移動するに強磁性体物品に応答して、前記パラメータに関する診断情報を含む第1のデータストリングを与える、請求項5記載の検出器。
- 前記出力制御回路は、第2の異なる方向に移動する強磁性体物品に応答して、診断情報を含まない第2のデータストリングを与える、請求項10記載の検出器。
- 前記出力制御回路は、第2の異なる方向に移動する強磁性体物品に応答して、診断情報を含む第2のデータストリングを与える、請求項10記載の検出器。
- 前記データストリングは、前記測定されたパラメータの少なくとも3つの別の範囲の値を表す、請求項5記載の検出器。
- 前記第2のデータストリングは、第3のパルス特性値をもつパルス特性を有し、第3のパルス特性値は前記第1および第2のパルス特性値と異なる、請求項11または12に記載の検出器。
- 少なくとも第1及び第2のエッジを有する強磁性体物品の歯を検出する磁界センサと、
(a)前記強磁性体物品が設置される環境のパラメータ、(b)磁気物品近接検出器が設置される環境のパラメータ、または(c)前記磁気物品近接検出器と前記強磁性体物品間の空隙に関するパラメータの少なくとも1つ、および(d)強磁性体物品の速度と方向を表すパラメータを測定する検出回路と、
前記検出回路から1以上の信号を受けるよう接続された出力制御回路とを備え、
前記出力制御回路は、前記1以上の信号から所定のプロトコルに従ってデータストリングを生成し、前記データストリングにおいて論理値を有する論理データビットは、第1のパルス特性値を備えたパルス特性を有する単一パルスから与えられ、前記データストリングにおいて第2の異なる論理値を有する別の論理データビットは第2の異なるパルス特性値を備えたパルス特性を有する別の単一パルスから与えられ、各前記単一パルスは前記検出された強磁性体物品の第1及び第2のエッジのそれぞれに対応し、
前記第2の異なるパルス特性値は、前記第1のパルス特性値の倍数であり、
前記データストリングは前記測定されたパラメータの値をコード化したデータワードを含み、このデータワードにより前記強磁性体物品が設置される環境のパラメータ、前記磁気物品近接検出器が設置される環境のパラメータ、前記磁気物品近接検出器と前記強磁性体物品間の空隙に関するパラメータの少なくとも1つ、および強磁性体物品の方向と速度を表すパラメータの定量化された特性を伝え、
前記出力制御回路は、第1の方向で移動する強磁性体物品に応答して、前記パラメータに関する診断情報を含む第1のデータストリングを与え、第2の異なる方向に移動する強磁性体物品に応答して、診断情報を含まない第2のデータストリングを与え、
前記第2のデータストリングは、第3のパルス特性値をもつパルス特性を有し、第3のパルス特性値は前記第1および第2のパルス特性値と異なる、
磁気物品近接検出器。
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US10/282,528 | 2002-10-29 | ||
US10/282,528 US6815944B2 (en) | 2002-01-31 | 2002-10-29 | Method and apparatus for providing information from a speed and direction sensor |
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US6815944B2 (en) | 2004-11-09 |
WO2003069358A2 (en) | 2003-08-21 |
WO2003069358A3 (en) | 2004-02-26 |
US20050040814A1 (en) | 2005-02-24 |
EP1470429A2 (en) | 2004-10-27 |
JP2005517928A (ja) | 2005-06-16 |
US7026808B2 (en) | 2006-04-11 |
US20030141862A1 (en) | 2003-07-31 |
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