JP4864080B2 - Attachment / detachment device for work attachment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an attachment / detachment device for a work attachment in a construction machine such as a hydraulic excavator having a boom and its application machine.

  In a construction machine having a work attachment, in order to transport the work attachment separately from the upper swing body and assemble it easily and quickly, an adapter is installed between the bracket of the upper swing body and the boom and boom cylinder of the work attachment. There is something to intervene (see Patent Document 1). This adapter has a boom and a boom cylinder connected to the upper surface side by pins, and has a mounting portion to a bracket provided on the upper swing body on the lower surface side. The mounting portion to the bracket has a recess and a pin hole, of which the recess is detachably fitted to an upper pin provided on the bracket, and the pin hole is aligned with the lower pin hole of the bracket and the lower pin Insert and fix. If such an adapter is used, the work attachment with the adapter attached is suspended by a crane, the concave portion of the adapter is fitted to the upper pin previously attached to the bracket of the upper swing body, and then the work attachment is attached by operating the crane. When lowered, the position of the pin hole of the adapter matches the position of the lower pin hole of the bracket, so that the pin hole can be easily and quickly aligned, and the assembly of the work attachment can be easily and quickly assembled.

JP 2008-133630 A

  However, in the above-described conventional device, the upper pin attached to the bracket of the upper swing body and the upper and lower surfaces of the concave portion of the adapter are in point contact, so that the operation period elapses due to vibration generated in the work attachment during work. Accordingly, the point contact portion gradually wears. In addition, with this wear, there is a problem that the backlash with respect to the bracket of the work attachment increases and causes noise generation and workability deterioration. For this reason, there is a problem that the frequency of replacement of adapters and pins increases.

  In view of the above-described problems, the present invention prevents wear due to contact of the upper revolving body side pin of the concave portion of the adapter and the accompanying play and prevents the adapter and the pin from being used over a long period of time. The purpose is to provide.

The attachment / detachment device for a work attachment according to claim 1 is the attachment / detachment device for a work attachment that attaches the work attachment having a boom to the upper swing body of the construction machine.
A bracket for mounting the work attachment provided on the upper swing body;
A lower pin hole provided in the bracket, and an upper pin hole provided above the lower pin hole and rearward when viewed in the front-rear direction of the upper swing body,
An adapter for pinning the boom foot part and the boom raising and lowering boom cylinder so as to be rotatable respectively;
On one side of the adapter attached to the bracket, a concave portion formed with the opening facing the upper revolving unit side, and the upper and lower surfaces formed flat,
On the mounting side to the bracket of the adapter, a pin hole provided below the recess,
An upper pin to be inserted into the upper pin hole;
A fitting portion that is externally fitted to the upper pin so as to be pivotable, and at least a surface corresponding to the upper and lower surfaces of the concave portion of the adapter is formed as a flat surface. A cylindrical pin having
The lower pin hole and a lower pin for connecting the adapter to the bracket by being inserted into the pin hole of the adapter aligned with the lower pin hole.

The attachment / detachment device for a work attachment according to claim 2 is the attachment / detachment device for a work attachment according to claim 1,
A movement preventing means for preventing the adapter from moving in the axial direction with respect to the cylindrical pin is provided between the adapter and the cylindrical pin.

The attachment / detachment device for a work attachment according to claim 3 is the attachment / detachment device for a work attachment according to claim 2,
The concave portion is provided by being divided by concave portion forming members provided on the left and right sides of the adapter,
Provided on both the left and right sides of the cylindrical pin with fitting portions each having the flat surface corresponding to the left and right recesses of the adapter,
On each inner side in the axial direction of each fitting portion of the cylindrical pin, a stepped portion that is raised from the plane is formed,
The movement preventing means is configured by the inner end surfaces in the axial direction of the left and right recess forming members of the adapter and the step portions corresponding to the end surfaces corresponding to the end surfaces of the cylindrical pins, respectively. It is characterized by.

The attachment / detachment device for a work attachment according to claim 4 is the attachment / detachment device for a work attachment according to any one of claims 1 to 3.
The cross-sectional shape of the outer periphery in the direction perpendicular to the axis of the fitting portion is a square with chamfered corners.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, since the planes provided on the upper and lower surfaces in the concave portion of the adapter are in surface contact with the plane provided on the cylindrical pin, the contact surface pressure is reduced and wear of the concave portion and the pin of the adapter is reduced. Occurrence is reduced. For this reason, an adapter and a pin can be used over a long period of time. Moreover, since the wear of the concave portion of the adapter is prevented, the play of the work attachment with respect to the bracket is reduced. For this reason, it is possible to prevent the generation of noise due to backlash and the deterioration of workability over a long period.

  According to the second aspect of the present invention, since the adapter is prevented from moving in the axial direction with respect to the cylindrical pin, the lateral displacement of the work attachment when the upper revolving body is swung is prevented, and noise generation and workability due to the lateral displacement are prevented. Can be prevented.

  According to the third aspect of the present invention, the means for preventing the adapter from moving in the axial direction of the adapter relative to the cylindrical pin is provided on the inner side in the axial direction of the cylindrical pin. Compared with a structure that prevents axial movement with respect to the cylindrical pin, the fitting portion between the concave portion of the adapter and the cylindrical pin can be long on both the left and right sides of the cylindrical pin. For this reason, the surface pressure of the fitting surface of the recessed part of an adapter and the fitting part of a cylindrical pin can be reduced more, and the work attachment can be supported stably.

  According to invention of Claim 4, since the cross-sectional shape of the outer periphery of the fitting part of a cylindrical pin was formed in square, when two opposing fitting surfaces were worn, the cylindrical pin was turned and other 2 By changing to one fitting surface, the long-term use of a cylindrical pin is attained.

  FIG. 1 is a side view showing a dismantling machine which is an example of a construction machine to which the attachment / detachment device for a work attachment according to the present invention is applied. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a lower traveling body, and 2 an upper revolving body installed on the lower traveling body 1 via a revolving device 3. A counterweight 6 or the like for balancing the weight of the power unit 5 as a source and a work attachment 9 or the like described later centering on the turning device 2 is installed.

  The work attachment 9 of the present embodiment attached to the upper swing body 2 is attached via an adapter 27 that is detachably attached to a bracket 26 provided on the upper swing body 2 as described later. This working attachment 9 is attached to the upper swing body 2 by a first hydraulic cylinder 11 so that it can be raised and lowered, and a second hydraulic cylinder 13 is rotated at the tip of the first divided boom 12. A three-piece including a second split boom 14 that is movably attached, and a third split boom 17 that is pivotally attached to the tip of the second split boom 14 by a third hydraulic cylinder 16. Of the type.

  In this embodiment, a dismantling work tool 22 is attached to the tip of the third divided boom 17 so as to be rotatable. Reference numeral 19 denotes a working tool rotating hydraulic cylinder attached to the third divided boom 17, and 20 and 21 denote an arm link and a working tool link provided between the hydraulic cylinder 19 and the working tool 22, respectively. The dismantling work tool 22 opens and closes the paired crushing claws 23 and 24 with a built-in hydraulic cylinder, thereby disassembling concrete or a wooden building as a dismantling object. Other work tools include backhoe buckets, grapple buckets, lifting magnets, breakers (crushing tools that use hydraulic pressure to vibrate chisels to crush concrete, rocks, etc.) or gripping tools depending on the purpose of the work. Is installed.

  FIG. 2 is a side view showing an embodiment of the attachment / detachment device for a work attachment according to the present invention for attaching the work attachment 9 to the upper swing body 2. As shown in the side view of FIG. 3, the plan view of FIG. 4, and the front view of FIG. 5, the bracket 26 provided on the upper swing body 2 is welded onto the upper swing body 2 and faces 2 in parallel. A pair of vertical plates 28, 28, a reinforcing plate 28 a welded between these vertical plates 28, 28, reinforcing plates 29, 29 welded to opposing surfaces of the vertical plates 28, 28, and the vertical plate 28, respectively. , 28 and vertical plates 30 provided to face the reinforcing plate 28a. A lower pin hole 32 is provided in the lower portion of the vertical plate 28 and the lower vertical plate 30. The lower pin hole 32 is for inserting the lower pin 31 for connecting the adapter 27. Further, an upper pin hole 35 into which the upper pin 34 is inserted is provided at a position above the vertical plate 28 and at the rear side when viewed in the front-rear direction of the construction machine. Reference numeral 36 denotes a cylindrical pin that is rotatably fitted to the upper pin 34, and the structure thereof will be described later.

  The structure of the adapter 27 is shown in FIGS. As shown in the plan view of FIG. 6, the side view of FIG. 7, and the front view of FIG. 8 (viewed from the opposite side of the upper swing body 2), The vertical plates 40 and 40 are welded. Further, the reinforcing plates 41 and 41 are welded to the opposing surfaces of the vertical plates 40 and 40, respectively. Pin holes 43 are provided in the vertical plate 40 and the reinforcing plate 41. As shown in FIG. 2, the boom foot 12a of the first boom 12 is sandwiched between the reinforcing plates 41, 41, and the pin 42 is inserted into the pin hole 43 and a pin hole (not shown) provided in the boom foot 12a. The boom foot 12a is inserted and connected to the adapter 27. As shown in FIGS. 6 to 8, the base end portions of the two first boom cylinders 11 are respectively disposed between the vertical plates 40 and 40 at the lower portion of the upper surface of the main plate portion 39 of the adapter 27. Vertical plates 44 and 44 to be fitted are provided. These vertical plates 40 and 44 are provided with pin holes 46. As shown in FIG. 2, the pin 45 is inserted into the pin hole 46 and the boss of the boom cylinder 11 to connect the boom cylinder 11 to the adapter 27.

  On the lower surface of the adapter 27 (the surface facing the bracket 26), as shown in the rear view of FIG. 7 and FIG. 9 (viewed from the upper rotating body 2 side) and the bottom view of FIG. A pair of vertical plates 47, 47 and 48, 48 are welded. The vertical plates 47 and 48 are provided with cuts 47a and 48a, respectively, and the recess forming members 49 and 50 are welded to the cuts 47a and 48a, respectively. 51 is a reinforcing plate welded between the vertical plates 47, 47, 52 is a reinforcing plate welded between the vertical plates 48, 48, and 53 is a reinforcing plate welded between the inner vertical plates 47, 48.

  The recessed portion forming members 49 and 50 have recessed portions 55 and 56 formed with the opening portion facing the upper swing body 2 side. As shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, the recesses 55 and 56 are configured to detachably fit the cylindrical pin 36. The concave portions 55 and 56 have the same shape and size. As shown in FIG. 12, the upper surfaces 55a and 56a and the lower surfaces 55b and 56b of the recesses 55 and 56 are formed in a planar shape. In this embodiment, the back surfaces 55c56c of the recesses 55 and 56 are also formed in a flat surface. Further, in order to facilitate the initial fitting of the cylindrical pin 36, the upper surfaces 55d and 56d and the lower surfaces 55e and 56e of the openings of the recesses 55 and 56 are formed as inclined surfaces whose outer sides are open.

  As shown in FIGS. 7 to 11, a pin connecting portion 57 that is fitted between the vertical plate 28 and the vertical plate 30 of the bracket 26 is provided at the lower portion of the lower surface of the adapter 27. The pin connecting portion 57 is provided with a pin hole 58 for inserting the lower pin 31.

  13A is a partial cross-sectional side view of the cylindrical pin 36 fitted to the upper pin 34, and FIGS. 13B and 13C are a left end view and a right end view, respectively, of FIG. The cylindrical pin 36 of this embodiment is composed of left and right fitting portion forming members 60 and 61 and a cylindrical member 62 provided concentrically with the members 60 and 61 by welding therebetween. The fitting portion forming members 60 and 61 have fitting portions 60a and 61a that fit into the concave portions 55 and 56, respectively. Moreover, it has cylindrical part 60b, 61b in each inner side of the axial direction of fitting part 60a, 61a.

  These fitting parts 60a and 61a form a square in which the cross-sectional shape of the outer periphery perpendicular to the axis is chamfered at the corners. The fitting portions 60a and 61a are formed by rounding the corner portions 63e and 64e between the flat surface portions 63a to 63d and 64a to 64d forming four sides of the square. These fitting portions 60a and 61a are formed by cutting or grinding the flat surface portions 63a to 63d and 64a to 64d from a cylindrical member, and the end portions that are not cut or ground become the cylindrical portions 60b and 61b. Further, the R portions of the corner portions 63e and 64e are formed by portions that are not cut or ground between the flat portions 63a to 63d and 64a to 64d in the cylindrical member that is a raw material. Step portions 65 and 66 are formed between the inner ends in the axial direction of the flat surface portions 63a to 63d and 64a to 64d and the cylindrical portions 60b and 61b.

  Reference numeral 67 denotes an operation tool insertion hole provided on the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical portions 60b and 61b. This hole 67 is for inserting the rod-shaped operating tool and turning the cylindrical pin 36 when the concave portions 55 and 56 of the adapter 27 are fitted into the fitting portions 60a and 61a. That is, the orientations of the upper and lower surfaces 55a, 55b and 56a, 56b of the recesses 55, 56 are the plane portions 63a, 63c (or 63b, 63d) and the plane portions 64a, 64c (or 64b, 64d) of the fitting portions 60a, 61a, respectively. The cylindrical pin 36 is rotated with respect to the upper pin 34 so as to match the direction of. Reference numeral 68 denotes a greasing hole provided in the cylindrical member 62. The grease supply hole 68 smoothes the rotation of the cylindrical pin 36 relative to the upper pin 34 by injecting grease between the upper pin 34 and the cylindrical pin 36 from this hole, and It prevents moisture from entering the interior and prevents rust. Reference numeral 69 denotes screw holes provided in the flat portions 63a and 63b and the flat portions 64a and 64b of the fitting portions 60a and 61a. This screw hole 69 is for screwing a shim retaining screw. That is, when a gap is generated between the upper surfaces 55a and 56a of the recesses 55 and 56 of the adapter 27 and the flat surface portion 63a (or 63b) and the flat surface portion 64a (or 64b) of the fitting portions 60a and 61a, a shim is formed in the clearance. However, a hole is provided in the shim, and a screw passed through the hole is screwed into the screw hole 69 to prevent the shim from coming off.

  The construction machine provided with the adapter 27 is preferably used when, for example, the work attachment 9 of the construction machine is disassembled and transported from the upper swing body 2 and assembled on site. For example, the construction machine main body (the lower traveling body 1, the upper swing body 2 and its mounting device) is lifted on a concrete building by a crane, and then the work attachment 9 is lifted on the concrete building by the crane, and the adapter 27 is attached to the bracket 26. To join.

  This joining operation is performed as follows. An upper pin 34 and a cylindrical pin 36 are attached to the bracket 26 of the upper swing body 2 in advance. In the state where the work attachment 9 is supported by the wire rope of the crane, the cylindrical pins 36 provided in advance in the bracket 26 of the upper swing body 2 are set to the heights of the recesses 55 and 56 of the adapter 27 provided in the work attachment 9. The concave portions 55 and 56 are made to face the fitting portions 60a and 61a of the cylindrical pin 36 to the front portion. At this time, if necessary, a rod-like operating tool is inserted into a hole 67 provided in the cylindrical pin 36 and the cylindrical pin 36 is rotated, whereby the upper surfaces 55a and 56a of the concave portions 55 and 56 of the adapter 27 and the fitting portions are provided. The planes 63a and 64a (or planes 63b and 64b) of 60a and 61a are aligned.

  Next, as shown in FIGS. 14 and 15, the recesses 55 and 56 are fitted into the fitting portions 60 a and 61 a of the cylindrical pin 36 by the operation of the crane and the position adjustment work by the worker. Subsequently, the wire rope is wound down by a crane so that the connecting portion 57 of the adapter 27 is inserted between the vertical plates 28 and 30 of the bracket 26 while the concave portions 55 and 56 are fitted to the cylindrical pin 36, and the pin hole 58 is inserted. Is aligned with the position of the lower pin hole 32 of the bracket 26. Then, the lower pin 31 is inserted into both the pin holes 32 and 58 to couple the work attachment 9 to the construction machine main body.

  14 and 15 are rear views showing a state in which the adapter 27 is coupled to the bracket 26. FIG. As shown in these drawings, a pair of recess forming members 49 and 50 of the adapter 27 are sandwiched between reinforcing plates 29 and 29 provided inside the vertical plates 28 and 28 of the bracket 26. Here, in FIG. 15, a shim (not shown) is inserted into the gap G generated between the recess forming member 50 (or 49) and the reinforcing plate 29 as necessary. This prevents backlash from occurring between the cylindrical pin 36 and the reinforcing plate 29. In this state where the adapter 27 is combined with the bracket 26, the inner end portions 49 a and 50 a of the recess forming members 49 and 50 come into contact with the step portions 65 and 66 of the cylindrical pin 36, respectively. The axial movement of the adapter 27 with respect to the pin 36 is prevented.

  By attaching the work attachment 9 to the construction machine main body using such an adapter 27, the work attachment can be easily and quickly attached. In addition, an adapter with a common structure of the attachment portion to the bracket 26 (structure and size of the recesses 55 and 56 and the pin hole 58) is attached to the boom and boom cylinder of the work attachment with different numbers and lengths of joints. Thus, different work attachments can be interchangeably attached to a common construction machine body.

  In this embodiment, the upper and lower flat surfaces 55a, 55b, 56a, 56b in the recesses 55, 56 of the adapter 27 are in surface contact with the flat portions 63a, 63c, 64a, 64c provided on the cylindrical pin 36. The contact surface pressure decreases, the occurrence of wear in the recesses 55 and 56 of the adapter 27 and the cylindrical pin 36 is reduced, and the adapter 27 and the cylindrical pin 36 can be used for a long time. Further, since the wear of the concave portions 55 and 56 of the adapter 27 is reduced, the play of the work attachment 9 with respect to the bracket 26 is reduced. For this reason, it is possible to prevent the generation of noise due to backlash and the deterioration of workability over a long period.

  Further, in this embodiment, the inner end portions 49a, 50a of the recess forming members 49, 50 are brought into contact with the step portions 65, 66 of the cylindrical pin 36, respectively. Movement in the axial direction is prevented. For this reason, the lateral displacement of the work attachment 9 when turning the upper swing body 2 is prevented, and the generation of noise and the deterioration of workability due to the lateral displacement can be prevented.

  Further, for example, by providing locking portions protruding toward the cylindrical pin 36 at both ends of the adapter 27, and sandwiching both ends of the cylindrical pin 36 between the locking portions, the shaft of the adapter 27 with respect to the cylindrical pin 36 is provided. A structure that prevents movement in the center direction can also be adopted. However, as in this embodiment, the movement preventing means is provided in the left-right width direction of the adapter 27, that is, the center side in the axial direction of the cylindrical pin 36, so that the concave portions 55 and 56 of the adapter 27 and the cylindrical shape are formed. The fitting portions 60 a and 61 a with the pin 36 can be long on the left and right sides of the cylindrical pin 36. For this reason, the surface pressure of the fitting surface of the recessed parts 55 and 56 of the adapter 27 and the fitting parts 60a and 61a of the cylindrical pin 36 can be further reduced, and the work attachment can be stably supported. .

  When practicing the present invention, the cylindrical pin 36 has two surfaces 63a, 63c and 64a, 64c facing each other of the fitting portions 60a, 61a as planes, and the other two surfaces 63b, 63d, 64b, 64d project outward. You may form in the circular arc surface. However, as in the present embodiment, if the cross-sectional shape of the outer periphery of the fitting portions 60a and 61a of the cylindrical pin 36 is formed in a square shape, when the two opposing surfaces 63a and 63c and 64a and 64c are worn, The other two surfaces 63b, 63d, 64b, and 64d are fitted so as to face the upper and lower surfaces 55a, 55b, 56a, and 56b of the concave portions 55 and 56 of the adapter 27, thereby enabling further long-term use.

  When carrying out the present invention, the structure of the recesses 55 and 56 and the structure of the cylindrical pin 36 can be variously changed. For example, the concave portion may not be divided into left and right, but may be realized as a series, and the fitting portion with respect to the concave portion of the cylindrical pin 36 may be configured in series between the left and right end portions.

It is a side view showing one embodiment of a construction machine to which the present invention is applied. It is a side view which shows one Embodiment of the attachment / detachment apparatus of the work attachment of this invention. It is a side view of the bracket of this Embodiment. It is a top view of the bracket of this Embodiment. It is a front view of the bracket of this Embodiment. It is a top view which shows the adapter of this Embodiment. It is a side view which shows the adapter of this Embodiment. It is a front view which shows the adapter of this Embodiment. It is a rear view which shows the adapter of this Embodiment. It is a bottom view which shows the adapter of this Embodiment. (A) is a partial cross-sectional side view of the cylindrical pin of the present embodiment, and (B) and (C) are a left end view and a right end view, respectively, of (A). It is a side view which shows the coupling structure of the adapter recessed part and cylindrical pin of this Embodiment. It is the elements on larger scale of FIG. It is a rear view which shows the coupling structure of the adapter and bracket of this Embodiment. It is the elements on larger scale of FIG.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1: Lower traveling body, 2: Upper turning body, 3: Turning apparatus, 4: Driver's cab, 5: Power unit, 6: Counterweight, 9: Attachment for work, 11, 13, 16, 19: Hydraulic cylinder, 12, 14, 17: Split boom, 12a: Boom foot part, 22: Dismantling work tool, 26: Bracket, 27: Adapter, 28, 30: Vertical plate, 28a, 29: Reinforcement plate, 31: Lower pin, 32: Lower pin Hole: 34: upper pin, 35: upper pin hole, 36: cylindrical pin, 39: main plate portion, 40: vertical plate, 41: reinforcing plate, 42: pin, 43: pin hole, 44: vertical plate, 45: Pin, 46: Pin hole, 47, 48: Vertical plate, 49, 50: Recess formation member, 49a, 50a: End surface, 51-53: Reinforcement plate, 55, 56: Recess, 55a, 56a: Upper surface, 55b, 56b : Bottom surface, 55c, 56c: back 57: Pin connecting part, 58: Pin hole, 60, 61: Fitting part forming member, 60a, 61a: Fitting part, 60b, 61b: Cylindrical part, 62: Cylindrical member, 63a-63d, 64a-64d: Plane part, 63e, 64e: Corner part, 65, 66: Step part

Claims (4)

In the attachment / detachment device for the work attachment attached to the upper swing body of the construction machine,
A work attachment mounting bracket provided on the upper swing body,
A lower pin hole provided in the bracket, and an upper pin hole provided above the lower pin hole and rearward when viewed in the front-rear direction of the upper swing body,
An adapter for pinning the foot part of the boom of the working attachment and the boom cylinder for raising and lowering the boom, respectively;
On one side of the adapter attached to the bracket, a concave portion formed with the opening facing the upper revolving unit side, and the upper and lower surfaces formed flat,
On the mounting side to the bracket of the adapter, a pin hole provided below the recess,
An upper pin to be inserted into the upper pin hole;
A cylindrical pin that is rotatably fitted to the upper pin, has at least a surface corresponding to the upper and lower surfaces of the concave portion of the adapter, and has a fitting portion that detachably fits the concave portion,
An attachment / detachment device for a work attachment, comprising: the lower pin hole; and a lower pin that is inserted into the pin hole of the adapter aligned with the lower pin hole and connects the adapter to the bracket. In the attachment / detachment device for a work attachment according to claim 1,
An attachment / detachment device for a work attachment, wherein a movement preventing means for preventing the adapter from moving in an axial direction with respect to the cylindrical pin is provided between the adapter and the cylindrical pin. The attachment / detachment device for a work attachment according to claim 2,
The concave portion is provided by being divided by concave portion forming members provided on the left and right sides of the adapter,
Provided on both the left and right sides of the cylindrical pin with fitting portions each having the flat surface corresponding to the left and right recesses of the adapter,
On each inner side in the axial direction of each fitting portion of the cylindrical pin, a stepped portion that is raised from the plane is formed,
The movement preventing means is constituted by the inner end surfaces in the axial direction of the left and right recess forming members of the adapter and the stepped portions respectively in contact with the end surfaces of the cylindrical pins. Attachment attachment / detachment device. The attachment / detachment device for a work attachment according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
An attachment / detachment device for a work attachment, characterized in that the cross-sectional shape of the outer periphery in the vertical direction is a square with chamfered corners along the axis of the fitting portion.

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