JP4856762B2 - 粉末状造形材料用の塗工装置を用いて3次元物体を製造する装置及び方法 - Google Patents
粉末状造形材料用の塗工装置を用いて3次元物体を製造する装置及び方法 Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
- B29C64/141—Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials
- B29C64/153—Processes of additive manufacturing using only solid materials using layers of powder being selectively joined, e.g. by selective laser sintering or melting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/30—Process control
- B22F10/32—Process control of the atmosphere, e.g. composition or pressure in a building chamber
- B22F10/322—Process control of the atmosphere, e.g. composition or pressure in a building chamber of the gas flow, e.g. rate or direction
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/30—Process control
- B22F10/34—Process control of powder characteristics, e.g. density, oxidation or flowability
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
- B33Y40/10—Pre-treatment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
- B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/30—Process control
- B22F10/36—Process control of energy beam parameters
- B22F10/368—Temperature or temperature gradient, e.g. temperature of the melt pool
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/22—Driving means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/38—Housings, e.g. machine housings
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
- Coating Apparatus (AREA)
Description
図1は、第1の実施形態による3次元物体を製造する装置としてのレーザ焼結装置を示す。図1の装置では、本発明による塗工装置及び本発明による方法が用いられる。造形プロセスは、上部が開いている容器1内で行われる。形成すべき3次元物体3を担持する支持体2が、容器内に設けられる。支持体2は、駆動装置4によって容器1内で鉛直方向Aに上下移動させることができる。容器1の上縁は、造形領域5を画定する。レーザの形態の照射装置6が、造形領域5の上方に配置される。照射装置6は、偏向装置7によって造形領域5に操向される有向レーザビーム18を放射する。さらに、固化させるべき粉末状材料の層を支持体2の表面上又は最も新しく固化した層の上に塗工する塗工装置40が設けられる。塗工装置(又はリコータ)40は、矢印Bで概略的に示す駆動装置によって造形領域5の上を往復移動することができる。塗工装置は、造形領域の左右にある2つの計量装置9によって2つの粉末供給容器10から供給を受ける。さらに、2つのオーバーフロータンク11が、造形領域の左右に設けられ、これらのオーバーフロータンクは、塗工プロセスで集められる溢れた粉末を収容することができる。
図3及び図4は、第2の実施形態による塗工装置の断面図及び斜上面図をそれぞれ示す。
放射線源としてレーザを用いるレーザ焼結装置に関して本発明を説明した。電磁放射線又は粒子放射線を粉末状造形材料に導入させることができる任意の他の放射線源も可能である。したがって、例えば、インコヒーレント光放射用、赤外線放射用、X線放射用、又は電子ビーム用の放射線源を用いることができる。したがって、対応する放射線で固化させることができる粉末状造形材料を用いなければならない。
Claims (11)
- 3次元物体の各断面に相当する位置での粉末材料の層の固化によって該物体を製造する装置内にあり、側壁を介して互いに接続される第1の長手方向壁(41a)及び第2の長手方向壁(41b)を有する、粉末層を塗工する塗工装置であって、
該塗工装置に供給されるガスによって前記粉末材料を流動化させる装置(42、43、44、45、46)と、
前記ガスの圧力及び/又は流量の開ループ及び/又は閉ループ制御用の装置(50)とを備えることを特徴とする塗工装置。 - 前記粉末材料を流動化させる装置は、その壁にガス逃がし開口(133)を有する少なくとも1つの中空体を有し、前記ガスは該中空体を通って流れる、請求項1に記載の塗工装置。
- 前記中空体はパイプ形状である、請求項2に記載の塗工装置。
- 前記中空体は、前記第1の長手方向壁(41a)又は前記第2の長手方向壁(41b)の下縁付近に配置される、請求項2又は3に記載の塗工装置。
- 前記塗工装置の中空体として2つの平行なパイプ(131、132)が配置される、請求項3又は4に記載の塗工装置。
- 前記塗工装置(40)の温度を制御することができる閉ループ制御装置(17)をさらに有する、請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の塗工装置。
- 3次元物体の各断面に相当する位置での粉末材料の層の固化によって該物体を製造する装置であって、
造形領域(5)の上を移動することができる請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の塗工装置(40)を有する、ことを特徴とする装置。 - 前記固化は、電磁放射線又は粒子放射線を用いて行われる、請求項7に記載の装置。
- 粉末状材料(47)の層(25)を造形領域の表面に塗工装置(40)によって塗工するステップ(a)と、
3次元物体(3)の断面に相当する位置で前記層(25)を固化させるステップ(b)と、
前記3次元物体(3)が製造されるまで前記ステップ(a)及び前記ステップ(b)を繰り返すステップ(c)と、
を含む、3次元物体を製造する方法であって、
前記ステップ(a)において、前記粉末状材料は、供給ガスを用いて前記塗工装置(40)内で流動化され、該ガスの圧力及び/又は流量が開ループ及び/又は閉ループ制御されることを特徴とする、3次元物体を製造する方法。 - 請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の塗工装置が用いられる、請求項9に記載の方法。
- 前記固化は、電磁放射線又は粒子放射線を用いて行われる、請求項9又は10に記載の方法。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102006053121.3 | 2006-11-10 | ||
DE102006053121A DE102006053121B3 (de) | 2006-11-10 | 2006-11-10 | Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Herstellen eines dreidimensionalen Objektes mittels eines Beschichters für pulverförmiges Aufbaumaterial |
PCT/EP2007/009479 WO2008055615A1 (de) | 2006-11-10 | 2007-10-31 | Vorrichtung und verfahren zum herstellen eines dreidimensionalen objektes mittels eines beschichters für pulverförmiges aufbaumaterial |
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JP2010509092A JP2010509092A (ja) | 2010-03-25 |
JP4856762B2 true JP4856762B2 (ja) | 2012-01-18 |
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JP2009535607A Expired - Fee Related JP4856762B2 (ja) | 2006-11-10 | 2007-10-31 | 粉末状造形材料用の塗工装置を用いて3次元物体を製造する装置及び方法 |
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US (1) | US9327450B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1976680B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4856762B2 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN101553355B (ja) |
DE (1) | DE102006053121B3 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2008055615A1 (ja) |
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US9327450B2 (en) | 2016-05-03 |
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