JP4834143B2 - 水処理方法 - Google Patents
水処理方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4834143B2 JP4834143B2 JP2009502711A JP2009502711A JP4834143B2 JP 4834143 B2 JP4834143 B2 JP 4834143B2 JP 2009502711 A JP2009502711 A JP 2009502711A JP 2009502711 A JP2009502711 A JP 2009502711A JP 4834143 B2 JP4834143 B2 JP 4834143B2
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 101
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 47
- 239000012670 alkaline solution Substances 0.000 claims description 50
- WYTGDNHDOZPMIW-RCBQFDQVSA-N alstonine Natural products C1=CC2=C3C=CC=CC3=NC2=C2N1C[C@H]1[C@H](C)OC=C(C(=O)OC)[C@H]1C2 WYTGDNHDOZPMIW-RCBQFDQVSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000008213 purified water Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 3
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000908 ammonium hydroxide Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 claims 1
- TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium hydrogencarbonate Chemical compound [K+].OC([O-])=O TYJJADVDDVDEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 36
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 34
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 31
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 31
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 30
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 18
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 description 16
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 16
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 12
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000003908 quality control method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 7
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 239000012085 test solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000020188 drinking water Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000003651 drinking water Substances 0.000 description 5
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- -1 ferrous metals Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011236 particulate material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012935 Averaging Methods 0.000 description 2
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011147 inorganic material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 2
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011368 organic material Substances 0.000 description 2
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[Na+] PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N D-Mannitol Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229930195725 Mannitol Natural products 0.000 description 1
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003113 alkalizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001449 anionic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003190 augmentative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011116 calcium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000536 complexating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010668 complexation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035622 drinking Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- IMBKASBLAKCLEM-UHFFFAOYSA-L ferrous ammonium sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O IMBKASBLAKCLEM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002222 fluorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 229910001412 inorganic anion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004255 ion exchange chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000014413 iron hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- NCNCGGDMXMBVIA-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(ii) hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Fe+2] NCNCGGDMXMBVIA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002697 manganese compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000594 mannitol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010355 mannitol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000008239 natural water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011118 potassium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011962 puddings Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011775 sodium fluoride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013024 sodium fluoride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002594 sorbent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/281—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using inorganic sorbents
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/04—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising compounds of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals or magnesium
- B01J20/041—Oxides or hydroxides
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/10—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising silica or silicate
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J20/28002—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
- B01J20/28004—Sorbent size or size distribution, e.g. particle size
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/30—Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
- B01J20/34—Regenerating or reactivating
- B01J20/3433—Regenerating or reactivating of sorbents or filter aids other than those covered by B01J20/3408 - B01J20/3425
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/30—Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
- B01J20/34—Regenerating or reactivating
- B01J20/345—Regenerating or reactivating using a particular desorbing compound or mixture
- B01J20/3475—Regenerating or reactivating using a particular desorbing compound or mixture in the liquid phase
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/66—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by neutralisation; pH adjustment
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Sorption (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Medicines Containing Material From Animals Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
Description
特許出願[7]から公知の最も近い方法に類似している提案された水質調節方法は、粒状の蛇紋岩の層を介する水濾過、および水の方法または水−空気の方法による該層の定期的な洗浄を含む。
以下の実施例は、提案された方法を実現する条件をシミュレートする実験的な研究の結果を提供する。
4つの同一の実験的イオン交換カラムであって、0.8cmの内径および20cmの高さを有し、各々が以下に述べる5mlの粒状の材料を装填されたイオン交換カラムが用いられる。
カラムNo.1−2〜3mmの粒子サイズを有するBedeni堆積の蛇紋岩
カラムNo.2−0.5〜2mmの粒子サイズを有する同じ蛇紋岩
カラムNo.3−アルカリ性溶液によって予備的に処理された0.5〜2mmの粒子サイズを有する同じ蛇紋岩
カラムNo.4−0.8〜1.2mmの粒子サイズを有するケイ砂
アルカリ性溶液による処理に関して、アルカリ度0.025g−eq/lを有する60mlの0.1%NaOH溶液が、15ml/hの速度でカラムNo.3を介して通された。1つの同じテスト溶液が、定速度を維持するための油圧装置が備えられた圧力容器からカラムに供給される。
フッ素からの水浄化に対する実験において、0.8cmの内径および20cmの高さを有し、0.5〜1.2mm粒子サイズを有する5mlの蛇紋岩を装填された、イオン交換カラムが用いられた。
ホウ素からの水浄化に対する実験において、次の組成:NaCl−0.73g/l;MgSO4−0.20g/l、B−1.5mg/l(Na2B4O7・10H2O−13.8mg/l)を有する脱塩された海水のモデル溶液が用いられた。0.8cmの内径および20cmの高さを有し、0.5〜1.2mmの粒子サイズを有する5mlの蛇紋岩を装填されたイオン交換カラムが用いられる。
処理される初期溶液として、表1、列4に提示された組成の被圧地下水が用いられた。0.8cmの内径および20cmの高さを有し、0.5〜1.2mm粒子サイズを有する5mlの蛇紋岩を装填された、イオン交換カラムが用いられた。
1%ソーダ塩(Na2CO3)溶液(アルカリ度0.2g−eq/l)がアルカリ溶液として用いられたという相違があるが、それ以外のすべての操作が実施例4に記述されるように実行された。
250mlの0.09%Ca(OH)2溶液(アルカリ度0.025g−eq/l)がアルカリ溶液として用いられ、該溶液が25ml/h(時間当たり5カラム量)の速度でカラムを介して通されたという相違があるが、それ以外のすべての操作が実施例4に記述されるように実行された。
16は、アルカリ溶液のための源泉容器を示す。
Claims (9)
- 水質調節方法であって、粒状の蛇紋岩の層を介する水濾過を包含し、用いられる該蛇紋岩が0.15〜2mmの粒子サイズを有することを特徴とし、該蛇紋岩がアルカリ性溶液によって陰イオン交換物質に事前に変換されている、方法。
- アルカリ溶液として、0.01g−eq/l以上のアルカリ度を有する、水酸化ナトリウム、水酸化カリウム、水酸化アンモニウム、もしくは水酸化カルシウムの溶液、または炭酸ナトリウムもしくは炭酸カリウムの溶液、または種々の組み合わせのそれらの混合物が用いられることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の方法。
- 蛇紋岩層が、その最大許容濃度を超えて最も少なく吸着される汚染成分の「漏出」が起る間隔を超えない間隔で、アルカリ性溶液によって定期的に処理されることを特徴とする、請求項1または請求項2に記載の方法。
- 前記アルカリ性溶液による処理は、水浄化中の濾過の流れの方向または反対の方向における粒状の蛇紋岩の層を介する濾過によって実行されることを特徴とする、請求項3に記載の方法。
- 各濾過サイクルの最初において、粒状の蛇紋岩層の3〜5の量に対応する、得られた水の最初の部分が、浄水のさらなるバッチから分離され、次のサイクルにおける蛇紋岩処理のためのアルカリ溶液を調整するために用いられることを特徴とする、請求項4に記載の方法。
- 前記水濾過は粒状の蛇紋岩の2つ以上の順番に配置された層を介して実行され、該濾過サイクルの継続時間は、最後の下流側層を介して最も少なく吸着される汚染成分の「漏出」によって決定され、その後に、ラインの最初であった該層のアルカリ性溶液による処理が続くことを特徴とする、請求項4または請求項5に記載の方法。
- 前記いくつかの層を介する水濾過と同時に、アルカリ性溶液によるもう1つの層の処理が実行され、該アルカリ性溶液により処理された層が、次の濾過サイクルにおいて最後の下流側層として用いられ、該層は、最初の層の代わりに用いられ、アルカリ性溶液の処理に送られることを特徴とする、請求項6に記載の方法。
- アルカリ性溶液による処理の継続時間またはアルカリ溶液の量は、その前の濾過サイクルの間に浄化された水から抽出される、最も多く吸着される汚染成分の90%以上が脱着されるという条件から決定されることを特徴とする、請求項4〜7のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記方法は、水または水−空気の方法による粒状の蛇紋岩の層の定期的な洗浄を含む、請求項4〜8のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
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RU2006109498/15A RU2316479C1 (ru) | 2006-03-27 | 2006-03-27 | Способ водоподготовки |
PCT/RU2007/000117 WO2007111531A1 (en) | 2006-03-27 | 2007-03-13 | Water treating method |
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RU2579131C1 (ru) * | 2014-11-28 | 2016-03-27 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Юго - Западный государственный университет" (ЮЗГУ) | Способ очистки сточных вод от ионов хрома (iii) и меди (ii) |
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RU2768871C1 (ru) * | 2021-05-07 | 2022-03-25 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение науки Федеральный исследовательский центр "Кольский научный центр Российской академии наук" (ФИЦ КНЦ РАН) | Способ очистки кислых растворов от ионов цветных металлов и железа |
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JPS5440291A (en) * | 1977-09-06 | 1979-03-29 | Toyo Soda Mfg Co Ltd | Adsorbend composition |
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RU2136608C1 (ru) | 1998-04-09 | 1999-09-10 | Институт химии и технологии редких элементов и минерального сырья им.И.В.Тананаева Кольского научного центра РАН | Способ очистки воды открытых водоемов от закисления и ионов тяжелых металлов |
RU99117320A (ru) | 1999-08-10 | 2001-06-20 | ООО Компания "Мария-Трэйд" | Способ очистки природных и сточных вод |
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RU2241535C1 (ru) | 2003-06-27 | 2004-12-10 | Хамизов Руслан Хажсетович | Способ получения сорбента для очистки воды и водных растворов от соединений железа и марганца |
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JP2004528965A (ja) * | 2001-02-06 | 2004-09-24 | ウォーターヴィジョンズ インターナショナル, インコーポレイティッド | 液体の濾過に使用する不溶性マグネシウム含有無機組成物 |
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