JP4759397B2 - Defoaming method and defoaming material for excavated soil in bubble shield method - Google Patents
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims description 113
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- 239000003349 gelling agent Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 claims description 25
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- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 229920002907 Guar gum Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000665 guar gum Substances 0.000 claims description 12
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- BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium cation Chemical compound [Ca+2] BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
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- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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- 150000004781 alginic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical class [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;sodium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Na+].[Al+3] ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
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Landscapes
- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
Description
本発明は、気泡シールド工法における残土処理に関し、特に、気泡シールド工法における掘削土の消泡方法及び消泡材に関する。 The present invention relates to residual soil treatment in a bubble shield method, and more particularly to a method and a defoaming material for excavated soil in a bubble shield method.
気泡シールド工法（Rheological Foam Shield Tunneling Method）は、切羽あるいはチャンンバ内に特殊起泡材により生起された気泡を注入しながら掘進し、地盤を掘削するための工法である。かかる気泡シールド工法によれば、注入される微細なシェービングクリーム状の気泡が掘削土の流動性と止水性を向上させ、チャンバー内での掘削土の付着を防止するため、切羽の安定性を確保しながらスムーズな掘進が可能になる。 The Rheological Foam Shield Tunneling Method is a method for excavating the ground by injecting bubbles generated by a special foaming material into the face or chamber. According to such a bubble shield method, the injection of fine shaving cream-like bubbles improves the fluidity and water blocking properties of the excavated soil and prevents the excavated soil from adhering in the chamber, ensuring the stability of the face. Smooth excavation is possible.
そして、この気泡シールド工法では、掘進地盤の性状、すなわち粒径加積曲線から特殊起泡材のタイプが選定されており（非特許文献１参照）、例えば、図１（ａ）及び（ｂ）に示すように、（１）粘土、シルト、細砂などからなるＩゾーンの地盤には、Ａタイプの特殊起泡材（ＯＫ−１）が適用され、（２）細砂、粗砂などからなるIIゾーンの地盤には、Ａタイプの特殊起泡材あるいはＢタイプの特殊起泡材［ＯＫ−１＋ＯＫ−２若しくはＯＫ−１＋ＯＫ−３（増粘剤あり、ゲル化剤なし）］が適用される。また、（３）粗砂、細礫などからなるIIIゾーンの地盤には、Ｂタイプの特殊起泡材［ＯＫ−１＋ＯＫ−２若しくはＯＫ−１＋ＯＫ−３（増粘剤あり、ゲル化剤なし）］が適用される。 And in this bubble shield construction method, the type of the special foaming material is selected from the properties of the excavated ground, that is, the particle size accumulation curve (see Non-Patent Document 1), for example, FIG. 1 (a) and (b) As shown in (1) A type special foaming material (OK-1) is applied to the ground of I zone consisting of clay, silt, fine sand, etc., and (2) from fine sand, coarse sand, etc. A type A special foaming material or B type special foaming material [OK-1 + OK-2 or OK-1 + OK-3 (with thickener, no gelling agent)] is applied to the ground of zone II The In addition, (3) B type special foaming material [OK-1 + OK-2 or OK-1 + OK-3 (with thickener, no gelling agent) on the ground of zone III consisting of coarse sand, fine gravel, etc. ] Is applied.
一方、（４）細礫、礫などからなるＩＶゾーンの地盤には、Ｂタイプの特殊起泡材［ＯＫ−１＋ＯＫ−３（増粘剤あり、ゲル化剤なし）］と他の添加材あるいは補助工法の併用を必要としていたが、近年、本発明者らは新しいタイプ（以下「Ｃタイプ」という。）の特殊起泡材［ＯＫ−１＋ＯＫ−３（増粘剤あり、ゲル化剤あり）］を開発しており、ＩＶゾーンの地盤に適用されるに至っている（例えば、特許文献１参照）。このＣタイプの特殊起泡材には、各種界面活性剤を気泡土作成用として特別に調整した特殊起泡剤（上記のＯＫ−１参照）に加えて、増粘剤（例えば、グアガム，ＣＭＣ等）と、増粘剤の変質を防止するための変質防止剤（例えば、ソマサイド等）と、増粘剤をゲル化するためのゲル化剤（例えば、ミョウバンや塩化鉄等の金属イオン）と、が含まれている。なお、ゲル化剤が含まれていないものは、前述したＢタイプの特殊起泡材［ＯＫ−１＋ＯＫ−２］と同様の性状を示すことから、Ｂタイプの特殊起泡材として取り扱われている。 On the other hand, (4) B type special foaming material [OK-1 + OK-3 (with thickener, no gelling agent)] and other additive or In recent years, the present inventors have developed a new type (hereinafter referred to as “C type”) special foaming material [OK-1 + OK-3 (with thickener and gelling agent). Has been developed and applied to the ground of the IV zone (see, for example, Patent Document 1). In addition to the special foaming agent (see OK-1 above) specially prepared for the preparation of cellular soil, this C-type special foaming material includes a thickener (for example, guar gum, CMC). Etc.), an anti-altering agent (for example, Somaside) for preventing the thickener from changing, and a gelling agent (for example, metal ions such as alum and iron chloride) for gelling the thickener. ,It is included. In addition, what does not contain a gelling agent shows the same property as B type special foaming material [OK-1 + OK-2] mentioned above, and is handled as B type special foaming material. .
ところで、気泡シールド工法で掘削した掘削土には気泡が含まれており、そのままの状態では廃棄処理等ができず、消泡させた上で残土処理する必要がある。そして、Ａタイプの特殊起泡材を用いた場合には、掘削土に含まれる気泡は自然消泡しやすいため、特殊消泡材を添加することなく消泡できる。しかし、Ｂタイプ若しくはＣタイプの特殊起泡材を用いた場合には、掘削土に含まれる気泡は安定化されているが故に自然消泡しにくく、そのままの状態では消泡することが困難となる。そのため、これらの特殊起泡材を用いた場合には、別途、掘削土に特殊消泡材を添加して消泡する必要がある。 By the way, the excavated soil excavated by the bubble shield method contains air bubbles and cannot be disposed of as it is. And when A type special foaming material is used, since the bubble contained in excavation soil is easy to defoam naturally, it can defoam without adding a special defoaming material. However, when B type or C type special foaming material is used, the bubbles contained in the excavated soil are stabilized, so it is difficult to defoam naturally, and it is difficult to defoam in the same state. Become. Therefore, when these special foaming materials are used, it is necessary to add a special antifoaming material to the excavated soil and defoam it separately.
そこで、従来、Ｂタイプの特殊起泡材［ＯＫ−１＋ＯＫ−２］を用いた場合には、消泡材として、Ｂタイプの特殊消泡材［ＯＫ−０１＋ＯＫ−０２］が用いられている（図１（ｂ）参照）。また、Ｂタイプの特殊起泡材［ＯＫ−１＋ＯＫ−３（増粘剤あり、ゲル化剤なし）］を用いた場合やＣタイプの特殊起泡材［ＯＫ−１＋ＯＫ−３（増粘剤あり、ゲル化剤あり）］を用いた場合にも、未だこれらに対応した特殊消泡材が開発されていないことから、Ｂタイプの特殊消泡材［ＯＫ−０１＋ＯＫ−０２］が流用もしくは転用されていた。
しかしながら、Ｂタイプの特殊起泡材［ＯＫ−１＋ＯＫ−３（増粘剤あり、ゲル化剤なし）］を用いた気泡シールド工法にあっては、掘削土に増粘剤で安定強化された気泡が含まれているので、従来のＢタイプの特殊消泡材［ＯＫ−０１＋ＯＫ−０２］では消泡されにくい。また、Ｃタイプの特殊起泡材［ＯＫ−１＋ＯＫ−３（増粘剤あり、ゲル化剤あり）］を用いた気泡シールド工法（以下「ゲル化気泡シールド工法」という。）にあっても、掘削土に増粘剤及びゲル化剤でより安定強化されたゲル化気泡が含まれているので、従来のＢタイプの特殊消泡材では消泡されにくい。 However, in the bubble shield method using the B type special foaming material [OK-1 + OK-3 (with thickener, without gelling agent)], the air bubbles stably strengthened with the thickener in the excavated soil Therefore, the conventional B-type special defoaming material [OK-01 + OK-02] is not easily defoamed. Further, even in the bubble shield method (hereinafter referred to as “gelled bubble shield method”) using a C-type special foaming material [OK-1 + OK-3 (with thickener, with gelling agent)] Since the excavated soil contains gelled bubbles that are more stably strengthened with a thickener and a gelling agent, the conventional B-type special defoaming material is difficult to defoam.
しかも、これらの特殊起泡材には、いずれも増粘剤の変質を防止するための変質防止剤が含まれており、この変質防止剤はＢタイプの特殊消泡材の消泡作用を著しく低下させてしまう。そのため、従来の技術では、気泡を十分に消泡することができず、気泡シールド工法で掘削した掘削土の残土処理が困難であった。 In addition, these special foaming materials all include an alteration inhibitor for preventing the alteration of the thickener, and this alteration inhibitor significantly reduces the defoaming action of the B type special antifoaming material. It will decrease. For this reason, in the conventional technique, the bubbles cannot be sufficiently removed, and it is difficult to treat the remaining soil of the excavated soil excavated by the bubble shield method.
本発明は、上記の問題に鑑みてなされたものであり、その目的は、気泡を十分に消泡して掘削土の残土処理を容易にすることができる気泡シールド工法における掘削土の消泡方法及び消泡材を提供することにある。 The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to eliminate the bubbles from the excavated soil in the bubble shield method, which can sufficiently eliminate the bubbles and facilitate the residual soil treatment of the excavated soil. And providing an antifoaming material.
上記課題を解決するために、本発明は、気泡を注入しながら地盤を掘削し、その掘削土に消泡材を添加して残土処理を施す気泡シールド工法における掘削土の消泡方法であって、前記気泡は、気泡を生起するための起泡剤と、該起泡剤により生起された気泡を安定強化するための増粘剤と、該増粘剤の変質を防止するための変質防止剤と、を含有する起泡材を発泡させて得られたものであり、前記消泡材として、前記掘削土に含まれる気泡を消泡するための消泡剤と、該消泡剤の消泡作用を促進するためのマンナナーゼと、を含有する消泡材を用いることとする。 In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention is a method for defoaming excavated soil in a bubble shield method in which ground is excavated while injecting bubbles, and a defoaming material is added to the excavated soil to perform residual soil treatment. The foam is a foaming agent for generating bubbles, a thickening agent for stabilizing and strengthening the bubbles generated by the foaming agent, and an anti-altering agent for preventing alteration of the thickener. And an antifoaming agent for defoaming bubbles contained in the excavated soil as the antifoaming material, and defoaming the antifoaming agent. An antifoaming material containing mannanase for promoting the action is used.
また、本発明は、気泡を注入しながら地盤を掘削し、その掘削土に消泡材を添加して残土処理を施す気泡シールド工法における掘削土の消泡方法であって、前記気泡は、気泡を生起するための起泡剤と、該起泡剤により生起された気泡を安定強化するためのグアガムと、該増粘剤の変質を防止するための変質防止剤と、を含有する起泡材を発泡させて得られたものであり、前記消泡材として、前記掘削土に含まれる気泡を消泡するための消泡剤と、該消泡剤の消泡作用を促進するためのマンナナーゼと、を含有する消泡材を用いることとする。 Further, the present invention is a method for defoaming excavated soil in a bubble shield method in which the ground is excavated while injecting bubbles, and a defoaming material is added to the excavated soil to perform residual soil treatment, wherein the bubbles are bubbles A foaming material comprising: a foaming agent for producing a foam, a guar gum for stably reinforcing air bubbles generated by the foaming agent, and an alteration inhibitor for preventing alteration of the thickener As the defoaming material, an antifoaming agent for defoaming bubbles contained in the excavated soil, and a mannanase for promoting the defoaming action of the defoaming agent, A defoaming material containing, is used.
また、本発明は、ゲル化気泡を注入しながら地盤を掘削し、その掘削土に消泡材を添加して残土処理を施す気泡シールド工法における掘削土の消泡方法であって、前記ゲル化気泡は、気泡を生起するための起泡剤と、該起泡剤により生起された気泡を安定強化するための増粘剤と、該増粘剤の変質を防止するための変質防止剤と、を含有する起泡材を発泡させた後、前記増粘剤をゲル化するためのゲル化剤を添加して得られたものであり、前記消泡材として、前記掘削土に含まれるゲル化気泡を消泡するための消泡剤と、該消泡剤の消泡作用を促進するためのマンナナーゼと、を含有する消泡材を用いることとする。 Further, the present invention is a method for defoaming excavated soil in a bubble shield method in which the ground is excavated while injecting gelled bubbles, and a defoaming material is added to the excavated soil to perform residual soil treatment, The bubbles include a foaming agent for generating bubbles, a thickening agent for stabilizing and strengthening the bubbles generated by the foaming agent, and an anti-altering agent for preventing alteration of the thickening agent, After foaming the foaming material containing the gel, the gelling agent contained in the excavated soil is obtained by adding a gelling agent for gelling the thickener. An antifoaming material containing an antifoaming agent for defoaming bubbles and mannanase for promoting the defoaming action of the antifoaming agent is used.
また、本発明は、ゲル化気泡を注入しながら地盤を掘削し、その掘削土に消泡材を添加して残土処理を施す気泡シールド工法における掘削土の消泡方法であって、前記ゲル化気泡は、気泡を生起するための起泡剤と、該起泡剤により生起された気泡を安定強化するためのグアガムと、該増粘剤の変質を防止するための変質防止剤と、を含有する起泡材を発泡させた後、前記増粘剤をゲル化するためのゲル化剤を添加して得られたものであり、前記消泡材として、前記掘削土に含まれるゲル化気泡を消泡するための消泡剤と、該消泡剤の消泡作用を促進するためのマンナナーゼと、を含有する消泡材を用いることとする。 Further, the present invention is a method for defoaming excavated soil in a bubble shield method in which the ground is excavated while injecting gelled bubbles, and a defoaming material is added to the excavated soil to perform residual soil treatment, The bubbles include a foaming agent for generating bubbles, guar gum for stably reinforcing the bubbles generated by the foaming agent, and an anti-altering agent for preventing the thickener from being altered. After the foaming material is foamed, it is obtained by adding a gelling agent for gelling the thickener, and as the defoaming material, the gelled bubbles contained in the excavated soil are obtained. An antifoaming material containing an antifoaming agent for defoaming and mannanase for promoting the antifoaming action of the antifoaming agent is used.
さらに、本発明は、気泡シールド工法で掘削した掘削土に、残土処理を施すために添加する気泡シールド工法における掘削土の消泡材であって、前記掘削土に含まれる気泡を消泡するための消泡剤と、該消泡剤の消泡作用を促進するためのマンナナーゼと、を含有することとする。 Further, the present invention is a defoaming material for excavated soil in the bubble shield method, which is added to the excavated soil excavated by the bubble shield method to perform residual soil treatment, in order to defoam bubbles contained in the excavated soil And a mannanase for promoting the antifoaming action of the antifoaming agent.
本発明によれば、掘削土に含まれる気泡を十分に消泡して、掘削土の残土処理を容易にすることができる。 ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the bubble contained in excavated soil can fully be defoamed and the remaining soil processing of excavated soil can be made easy.
以下、本発明の各実施形態について説明する。本実施形態に係る掘削土の消泡方法は、気泡シールド工法により掘削した掘削土に、消泡材として本発明に係る特殊消泡材［ＯＫ−０１＋ＯＫ−０３（マンナナーゼ含有）］を添加し、残土処理を施すものであり、地盤を掘削する際に、第１実施形態ではＣタイプの特殊起泡材［ＯＫ−１＋ＯＫ−３（増粘剤あり、ゲル化剤あり）］を用い、第２実施形態ではＢタイプの特殊起泡材［ＯＫ−１＋ＯＫ−３（増粘剤あり、ゲル化剤なし）］を用いている。 Hereinafter, each embodiment of the present invention will be described. The defoaming method for excavated soil according to the present embodiment is the addition of the special defoaming material [OK-01 + OK-03 (containing mannanase)] according to the present invention as the defoaming material to the excavated soil excavated by the bubble shield method. When excavating the ground, the second embodiment uses a C-type special foaming material [OK-1 + OK-3 (with thickener, with gelling agent)], and the second embodiment. In the embodiment, a B type special foaming material [OK-1 + OK-3 (with thickener, without gelling agent)] is used.
＝＝＝第１実施形態＝＝＝
本実施形態は、ゲル化気泡シールド工法により掘削した掘削土に、消泡材として本発明の特殊消泡材［ＯＫ−０１＋ＯＫ−０３（マンナナーゼ含有）］を添加し、残土処理を施すものである。なお、掘削土は主にＩＶゾーンの地盤を対象とし、特殊起泡材として、Ｃタイプの特殊起泡材［ＯＫ−１＋ＯＫ−３（増粘剤あり、ゲル化剤あり）］を用いている。
=== First Embodiment ===
In the present embodiment, the special defoaming material [OK-01 + OK-03 (containing mannanase)] of the present invention is added as a defoaming material to the excavated soil excavated by the gelled bubble shield method, and a residual soil treatment is performed. . The excavated soil mainly covers the ground of the IV zone, and C type special foaming material [OK-1 + OK-3 (with thickener and gelling agent)] is used as the special foaming material. .
＜ゲル化気泡シールド工法＞
ゲル化気泡シールド工法は、ゲル化気泡を注入しながらＩＶゾーンの地盤（図１参照）を掘進する工法であり、起泡材としてＣタイプの特殊起泡材［ＯＫ−１＋ＯＫ−３（増粘剤あり、ゲル化剤あり）］を用いている（例えば、特許文献１参照）。なお、地盤に注入するゲル化気泡は、かかる起泡材を用いて発泡させた後、ゲル化剤を添加して得られたものである。
<Gelling bubble shield method>
The gelled bubble shield method is a method of digging the ground of the IV zone (see FIG. 1) while injecting gelled bubbles, and a C type special foaming material [OK-1 + OK-3 (thickening) (For example, see Patent Document 1). The gelled bubbles to be injected into the ground are obtained by foaming using such a foaming material and then adding a gelling agent.
Ｃタイプの特殊起泡材は、特殊起泡剤（「ＯＫ−１」に属する）と、特殊添加剤（「ＯＫ−３」に属する）とで構成される。特殊起泡剤は、各種界面活性剤を気泡土作成用として特別に調整したものであり、発泡性に優れた起泡剤である。一方、特殊添加剤は、起泡剤により生起された気泡を安定強化するための増粘剤と、増粘剤をゲル化するためのゲル化剤と、増粘剤の変質を防止するための変質防止剤とで構成される。増粘剤としては、例えば、ＣＭＣ，グアガム、アルギン酸の中から選ばれた一種ないしはそれらの混合物が挙げられる。また、変質防止剤としては、例えば、ソマサイド、トミサイド、ＰＣＭＸ（パラクロロメタキシレノール）などが挙げられる。 The C type special foaming material is composed of a special foaming agent (belonging to “OK-1”) and a special additive (belonging to “OK-3”). The special foaming agent is a foaming agent that is specially prepared for creating various types of surfactants for producing cellular soil, and is excellent in foamability. On the other hand, special additives are a thickener for stabilizing and strengthening the bubbles generated by the foaming agent, a gelling agent for gelling the thickener, and a denaturation of the thickener. Consists of anti-alteration agents. Examples of the thickener include one kind or a mixture thereof selected from CMC, guar gum, and alginic acid. Examples of the alteration preventing agent include somaside, tomide, PCMX (parachlorometaxylenol), and the like.
ゲル化剤は、上記の増粘剤をゲル化するための添加剤であり、特に、三価金属イオンまたはカルシウムイオン等の金属イオンが好ましく、例えば、アルミニウム化合物（ミョウバン、硫酸バンド等）、硫酸鉄、塩化鉄、アルミン酸ソーダ、ホウ砂、ホウ酸などの三価金属イオンや、塩化カルシウムなどのカルシウムイオンが挙げられる。 The gelling agent is an additive for gelling the above thickener, and in particular, metal ions such as trivalent metal ions or calcium ions are preferable. For example, aluminum compounds (alum, sulfate band, etc.), sulfuric acid Examples thereof include trivalent metal ions such as iron, iron chloride, sodium aluminate, borax and boric acid, and calcium ions such as calcium chloride.
＜本発明の特殊消泡材＞
次に、本発明の特殊消泡材は、ゲル化気泡シールド工法の掘削土に、残土処理を施すための消泡材であり、特殊消泡剤（「ＯＫ−０１」に属する）と、消泡添加剤（「ＯＫ−０３」に属する）とを含有する。但し、特殊消泡剤、消泡添加剤は、掘削土に対し同時若しくは順次に添加することとしてもよい。
<Special antifoaming material of the present invention>
Next, the special defoaming material of the present invention is a defoaming material for performing residual soil treatment on excavated soil of the gelled bubble shield method, and includes a special defoaming agent (belonging to “OK-01”), And a foam additive (belonging to “OK-03”). However, the special antifoaming agent and the antifoaming additive may be added to the excavated soil simultaneously or sequentially.
特殊消泡剤は、掘削土に含まれるゲル化気泡を消泡するための消泡剤であり、例えば、各種界面活性剤の混合物からなる。一方、消泡添加剤は、セルロース分解酵素であるマンナナーゼを含有する添加剤である。マンナナーゼは、一般のセルロース分解酵素（例えば、セルラーゼ等）とは異なり、増粘剤（例えば、グアガム等）の高分解活性を備えており、消泡剤の消泡作用を促進する。なお、かかるマンナナーゼとしては、例えば、（ａ）Bacillus sp.（ｂ）Bacillus subtilis（ｃ）Aspergillus niger等を起源とするものがあり、上記の性質を備えたものであれば、特に限定されるものではない。 The special antifoaming agent is an antifoaming agent for defoaming gelled bubbles contained in the excavated soil, and includes, for example, a mixture of various surfactants. On the other hand, an antifoaming additive is an additive containing mannanase which is a cellulolytic enzyme. Mannanase is different from general cellulose-degrading enzymes (for example, cellulase) and has high degrading activity of a thickener (for example, guar gum), and promotes the defoaming action of the defoaming agent. Such mannanases include, for example, those derived from (a) Bacillus sp. (B) Bacillus subtilis (c) Aspergillus niger and the like, and are particularly limited as long as they have the above properties. is not.
ところで、本発明者らは、上記のマンナナーゼが一般のセルロース分解酵素と比べ、特に優れたグアガム分解活性を示すことを確認した。以下に示す確認試験では、マンナナーゼとして、特開２００４−２４９２７５号公報の第３頁に示されたＮＳ４４０７６（ノボザイム：ノボザイムズ社製）を用い、他方、一般のセルロース分解酵素として、セルラーゼ（Ｙ−ＮＣ：ヤクルト薬品製、キシラナーゼ：メニコン製）を用いて、各酵素間における起泡材の粘度変化を比較した。その結果を表１及び表２に示す。 By the way, the present inventors have confirmed that the above-mentioned mannanase exhibits particularly superior guar gum degrading activity as compared with general cellulose degrading enzymes. In the confirmation test shown below, NS44076 (Novozyme: manufactured by Novozymes) shown on page 3 of JP-A-2004-249275 was used as the mannanase, while cellulase (Y-NC) was used as a general cellulolytic enzyme. : Yakult Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., and Xylanase: Menicon) were used to compare the changes in the viscosity of the foaming material between the enzymes. The results are shown in Tables 1 and 2.
なお、本確認試験では、特殊起泡剤（ＯＫ−１）として、ＡＯＳ（アルファオレフィン系スルホン酸ナトリウム）を主成分とする界面活性剤１％を用い、特殊添加剤（ＯＫ−３）として、増粘剤：グアガム１％と、変質防止剤：ソマサイド０．１％とを含有するものを用いた。但し、表１の起泡材（実施例１）には、変質防止剤としてソマサイドが含まれているが、表２の起泡材（比較例１）には、変質防止剤が含まれていない。また、ゲル化剤として、金属イオン：ホウ砂０．０４％を用いた。表１の起泡材の初期粘度は、１，６００ｍＰａ・Ｓに調整し、表２の起泡材の初期粘度は、１，７００ｍＰａ・Ｓに調整した。 In this confirmation test, as the special foaming agent (OK-1), 1% of a surfactant mainly composed of AOS (sodium alpha olefin sulfonate) was used, and as the special additive (OK-3), A thickener containing 1% guar gum and an anti-altering agent: 0.1% somaside was used. However, although the foaming material of Table 1 (Example 1) contains somaside as an alteration inhibitor, the foaming material of Table 2 (Comparative Example 1) does not contain an alteration inhibitor. . Further, as a gelling agent, metal ion: 0.04% borax was used. The initial viscosity of the foaming material in Table 1 was adjusted to 1,600 mPa · S, and the initial viscosity of the foaming material in Table 2 was adjusted to 1,700 mPa · S.
一方、特殊消泡剤（ＯＫ−０１）として、流動パラフィン１０％を用い、消泡添加剤（ＯＫ−０３）として、上記の各セルロース分解酵素０．２％を用いた（酵素添加率１％）。 On the other hand, 10% liquid paraffin was used as the special antifoaming agent (OK-01), and 0.2% of each cellulose-degrading enzyme was used as the antifoaming additive (OK-03) (enzyme addition rate 1%) ).
表１及び表２に示すように、本発明のセルロース分解酵素（マンナナーゼ）を用いた場合には、一般のセルロース分解酵素（セルラーゼ）を用いた場合と比べ、起泡材の粘度が短時間で著しく低下し、消泡作用を促進する結果を示した。両者の差異は、特に変質防止剤（ソマサイド）を添加した場合に顕著となった（表１の実施例１参照）。具体的には、１，６００ｍＰａのゲル化気泡に対して、従来のＢタイプの特殊消泡材［ＯＫ−０１＋ＯＫ−０２）を用いた場合には、酵素添加後３０分で１，１００ｍＰａとなり、酵素添加後６時間で４００ｍＰａの粘度となった。一方、本発明の特殊消泡材［ＯＫ−０１＋ＯＫ−０３（マンナナーゼ含有）］を用いた場合には、酵素添加後１５〜３０分で１０ｍＰａまで粘度が低下しており、起泡材の粘度が短時間で著しく低下した。 As shown in Table 1 and Table 2, when the cellulolytic enzyme (mannanase) of the present invention is used, the viscosity of the foaming material is shorter than that when a general cellulolytic enzyme (cellulase) is used. The result was significantly reduced, and the result of promoting the defoaming action was shown. The difference between the two was particularly noticeable when an anti-deterioration agent (somaside) was added (see Example 1 in Table 1). Specifically, when a conventional B-type special defoaming material [OK-01 + OK-02) is used for 1,600 mPa gelled bubbles, it becomes 1,100 mPa 30 minutes after the addition of the enzyme, The viscosity became 400 mPa 6 hours after the enzyme addition. On the other hand, when the special defoaming material [OK-01 + OK-03 (containing mannanase)] of the present invention is used, the viscosity is reduced to 10 mPa in 15 to 30 minutes after the addition of the enzyme, and the viscosity of the foaming material is It decreased significantly in a short time.
このことから、マンナナーゼは特に優れたグアガム分解活性を備えており、変質防止剤の影響を受けにくく、ゲル化気泡を効果的に消泡するといえる。また、本発明者らは、掘削土に含まれるゲル化気泡の消泡作用においても、同様の結果を示すものと推測し、さらには、グアガム以外の増粘剤を用いた場合にも同様であると推測した。その上で、Ｃタイプの特殊起泡材を用いたゲル化気泡シールド工法において、本発明の特殊消泡材が残土処理に有効であると判断した。 From this, it can be said that mannanase has particularly excellent guar gum degrading activity, is not easily affected by the anti-altering agent, and effectively defoams the gelled bubbles. In addition, the present inventors presume that the same results are obtained in the defoaming action of the gelled bubbles contained in the excavated soil, and the same applies to the case where a thickener other than guar gum is used. I guessed there was. Then, in the gelled bubble shield method using a C type special foaming material, it was judged that the special defoaming material of the present invention was effective for residual soil treatment.
すなわち、ゲル化気泡シールド工法で掘削した掘削土には、Ｃタイプの特殊起泡材［ＯＫ−１＋ＯＫ−３（増粘剤あり、ゲル化剤あり）］で安定強化されたゲル化気泡が含まれており、従来のＢタイプの特殊消泡材［ＯＫ−０１＋ＯＫ−０２］では消泡されにくい。しかし、本発明の特殊消泡材［ＯＫ−０１＋ＯＫ−０３（マンナナーゼ含有）］を用いた場合には、ゲル化気泡は消泡されやすくなる。また、Ｃタイプの特殊起泡材には変質防止剤が含まれており、Ｂタイプの特殊消泡材の消泡作用を著しく低下させるが、本発明の特殊消泡材の消泡作用を低下させることはなく、むしろ消泡作用を促進する。 That is, the excavated soil excavated by the gelled bubble shield method includes gelled bubbles that are stably strengthened with a C-type special foaming material [OK-1 + OK-3 (with thickener and gelling agent)]. The conventional B type special defoaming material [OK-01 + OK-02] is difficult to defoam. However, when the special antifoaming material [OK-01 + OK-03 (containing mannanase)] of the present invention is used, the gelled bubbles are easily defoamed. In addition, the C type special foaming material contains an anti-altering agent, which significantly reduces the defoaming effect of the B type special defoaming material, but reduces the defoaming effect of the special defoaming material of the present invention. Rather, it promotes the defoaming action.
以上のように、ゲル化気泡シールド工法で掘削した掘削土に対し、本発明の特殊消泡材を添加することにより、ゲル化気泡を十分に消泡することができる。その結果、掘削土の残土処理が容易となる。 As described above, by adding the special defoaming material of the present invention to the excavated soil excavated by the gelled bubble shield method, the gelled bubbles can be sufficiently defoamed. As a result, the excavated soil can be easily treated.
＝＝＝第２実施形態＝＝＝
次に、本実施形態は、第１実施形態と同様、消泡材として本発明の特殊消泡材［ＯＫ−０１＋ＯＫ−０３（マンナナーゼ含有）］を用いて、掘削土の残土処理を施すものである。しかし、本実施形態では、第１実施形態と異なり、地盤を掘削する際にゲル化させていない気泡を用いており、残土処理を施す掘削土にはゲル化気泡が含まれていない。なお、掘削土は主にIIとIIIゾーンの地盤を対象とし、特殊起泡材として、Ｂタイプの特殊起泡材［ＯＫ−１＋ＯＫ−３（増粘剤あり、ゲル化剤なし）］を用いている。
=== Second Embodiment ===
Next, in the present embodiment, similarly to the first embodiment, the special defoaming material [OK-01 + OK-03 (containing mannanase)] of the present invention is used as the defoaming material, and the remaining soil of the excavated soil is applied. is there. However, in the present embodiment, unlike the first embodiment, bubbles that are not gelled are used when excavating the ground, and the excavated soil subjected to the residual soil treatment does not include gelled bubbles. Excavated soil mainly covers the ground in zones II and III, and B type special foaming material [OK-1 + OK-3 (with thickener, no gelling agent)] is used as the special foaming material. ing.
そして、本実施形態においても第一実施形態と同様の確認試験を行った。但し、本確認試験における起泡材には、ゲル化剤は含まれていない。その試験結果を表３及び表４に示す。なお、表３の起泡材（実施例２）には、変質防止剤であるソマサイドが含まれているが、表４の起泡材（比較例２）には、変質防止剤が含まれていない。また、本確認試験でも、特殊起泡剤（ＯＫ−１）として、ＡＯＳ（アルファオレフィン系スルホン酸ナトリウム）を主成分とする界面活性剤１％を用い、特殊添加剤（ＯＫ−３）として、増粘剤：グアガム１％と、変質防止剤：ソマサイド０．１％とを含有するものを用いた。表３及び表４の起泡材の初期粘度は、１，４００ｍＰａ・Ｓに調整した。その他の条件は第一実施形態における確認試験と同一とした。 And also in this embodiment, the same confirmation test as 1st embodiment was done. However, the foaming material in this confirmation test does not contain a gelling agent. The test results are shown in Tables 3 and 4. In addition, although the foaming material (Example 2) of Table 3 contains the somaside which is an alteration inhibitor, the foaming material (Comparative Example 2) of Table 4 contains the alteration inhibitor. Absent. Also in this confirmation test, as the special foaming agent (OK-1), 1% of a surfactant mainly composed of AOS (sodium alpha olefin sulfonate) was used as the special additive (OK-3). A thickener containing 1% guar gum and an anti-altering agent: 0.1% somaside was used. The initial viscosity of the foamed materials in Tables 3 and 4 was adjusted to 1,400 mPa · S. Other conditions were the same as the confirmation test in the first embodiment.
表４及び表５に示すように、Ｂタイプの特殊起泡材［ＯＫ−１＋ＯＫ−３（増粘剤あり、ゲル化剤なし）］を用いた場合であっても、Ｃタイプの特殊起泡材［ＯＫ−１＋ＯＫ−３（増粘剤あり、ゲル化剤あり）］を用いた場合と同様に、本発明のセルロース分解酵素（マンナナーゼ）を用いると、一般のセルロース分解酵素（セルラーゼ）よりも起泡材の粘度が短時間で著しく低下し、消泡作用を促進する結果を示した。従って、本発明の特殊消泡材は、地盤を掘削する際にＣタイプの特殊起泡材［ＯＫ−１＋ＯＫ−３（増粘剤あり、ゲル化剤あり）］を用いた場合のみならず、Ｂタイプの特殊起泡材［ＯＫ−１＋ＯＫ−３（増粘剤あり、ゲル化剤なし）］を用いた場合にも適用することができ、これにより掘削土の残土処理が容易となる。 As shown in Table 4 and Table 5, even when the B type special foaming material [OK-1 + OK-3 (with thickener, no gelling agent)] is used, the C type special foaming Similar to the case of using the material [OK-1 + OK-3 (with thickener, with gelling agent)], when the cellulose-degrading enzyme (mannanase) of the present invention is used, the cellulose-degrading enzyme (cellulase) is used. The viscosity of the foaming material was remarkably lowered in a short time, and the result of promoting the defoaming action was shown. Therefore, the special defoaming material of the present invention is not only when the C type special foaming material [OK-1 + OK-3 (with thickener, with gelling agent)] is used when excavating the ground, B type special foaming material [OK-1 + OK-3 (with thickener, without gelling agent)] can also be applied, which makes it easy to treat the excavated soil.
Claims (5)
前記気泡は、
気泡を生起するための起泡剤と、該起泡剤により生起された気泡を安定強化するための増粘剤と、該増粘剤の変質を防止するための変質防止剤と、を含有する起泡材を発泡させて得られたものであり、
前記消泡材として、
前記掘削土に含まれる気泡を消泡するための消泡剤と、
該消泡剤の消泡作用を促進するためのマンナナーゼと、
を含有する消泡材を用いることを特徴とする気泡シールド工法における掘削土の消泡方法。 Excavating the ground while injecting air bubbles, adding a defoaming material to the excavated soil and treating the residual soil with the bubble shield method,
The bubbles are
A foaming agent for generating bubbles, a thickener for stabilizing and strengthening bubbles generated by the foaming agent, and an anti-alteration agent for preventing alteration of the thickener It is obtained by foaming foaming material,
As the antifoaming material,
An antifoaming agent for defoaming bubbles contained in the excavated soil;
Mannanase for promoting the antifoaming action of the antifoaming agent;
A method for defoaming excavated soil in a bubble shield method, characterized by using a defoaming material containing water.
前記気泡は、
気泡を生起するための起泡剤と、該起泡剤により生起された気泡を安定強化するためのグアガムと、該増粘剤の変質を防止するための変質防止剤と、を含有する起泡材を発泡させて得られたものであり、
前記消泡材として、
前記掘削土に含まれる気泡を消泡するための消泡剤と、
該消泡剤の消泡作用を促進するためのマンナナーゼと、
を含有する消泡材を用いることを特徴とする気泡シールド工法における掘削土の消泡方法。 Excavating the ground while injecting air bubbles, adding a defoaming material to the excavated soil and treating the residual soil with the bubble shield method,
The bubbles are
A foaming agent comprising a foaming agent for generating bubbles, guar gum for stably strengthening the bubbles generated by the foaming agent, and an anti-denaturing agent for preventing alteration of the thickener It was obtained by foaming the material,
As the antifoaming material,
An antifoaming agent for defoaming bubbles contained in the excavated soil;
Mannanase for promoting the antifoaming action of the antifoaming agent;
A method for defoaming excavated soil in a bubble shield method, characterized by using a defoaming material containing water.
前記ゲル化気泡は、
気泡を生起するための起泡剤と、該起泡剤により生起された気泡を安定強化するための増粘剤と、該増粘剤の変質を防止するための変質防止剤と、を含有する起泡材を発泡させた後、前記増粘剤をゲル化するためのゲル化剤を添加して得られたものであり、
前記消泡材として、
前記掘削土に含まれるゲル化気泡を消泡するための消泡剤と、
該消泡剤の消泡作用を促進するためのマンナナーゼと、
を含有する消泡材を用いることを特徴とする気泡シールド工法における掘削土の消泡方法。 Excavating the ground while injecting gelled bubbles, adding a defoaming material to the excavated soil and performing a residual soil treatment, defoaming method of excavated soil in the bubble shield method,
The gelled bubbles are
A foaming agent for generating bubbles, a thickener for stabilizing and strengthening bubbles generated by the foaming agent, and an anti-alteration agent for preventing alteration of the thickener After foaming the foaming material, it was obtained by adding a gelling agent for gelling the thickener,
As the antifoaming material,
An antifoaming agent for defoaming gelled bubbles contained in the excavated soil;
Mannanase for promoting the antifoaming action of the antifoaming agent;
A method for defoaming excavated soil in a bubble shield method, characterized by using a defoaming material containing water.
前記ゲル化気泡は、
気泡を生起するための起泡剤と、該起泡剤により生起された気泡を安定強化するためのグアガムと、該増粘剤の変質を防止するための変質防止剤と、を含有する起泡材を発泡させた後、前記増粘剤をゲル化するためのゲル化剤を添加して得られたものであり、
前記消泡材として、
前記掘削土に含まれるゲル化気泡を消泡するための消泡剤と、
該消泡剤の消泡作用を促進するためのマンナナーゼと、
を含有する消泡材を用いることを特徴とする気泡シールド工法における掘削土の消泡方法。 Excavating the ground while injecting gelled bubbles, adding a defoaming material to the excavated soil and performing a residual soil treatment, defoaming method of excavated soil in the bubble shield method,
The gelled bubbles are
A foaming agent comprising a foaming agent for generating bubbles, guar gum for stably strengthening the bubbles generated by the foaming agent, and an anti-denaturing agent for preventing alteration of the thickener After foaming the material, it was obtained by adding a gelling agent for gelling the thickener,
As the antifoaming material,
An antifoaming agent for defoaming gelled bubbles contained in the excavated soil;
Mannanase for promoting the antifoaming action of the antifoaming agent;
A method for defoaming excavated soil in a bubble shield method, characterized by using a defoaming material containing water.
前記掘削土に含まれる気泡を消泡するための消泡剤と、
該消泡剤の消泡作用を促進するためのマンナナーゼと、
を含有することを特徴とする気泡シールド工法における掘削土の消泡材。
A defoaming material for excavated soil in the bubble shield method that is added to the excavated soil excavated by the bubble shield method, in order to perform residual soil treatment,
An antifoaming agent for defoaming bubbles contained in the excavated soil;
Mannanase for promoting the antifoaming action of the antifoaming agent;
An antifoaming material for excavated soil in the bubble shield method, characterized by comprising
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