JP4728765B2 - Rotating machine - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a rotating machine such as a motor or a generator, and particularly suppresses noise caused by shakiness of a rotating shaft generated between the shaft and the bearing as the amateur core rotates, and swinging around the head while swinging. The present invention relates to a rotating machine such as a motor and a generator.

  Taking a motor as an example of a rotating machine, in a general motor, an appropriate clearance is provided between the bearing and the shaft in order to prevent seizure between the bearing and the shaft. When a clearance is provided between the bearing and the shaft in this manner, the armature core vibrates within the clearance range by the magnetic attractive force of the field magnet, and the shaft collides with the bearing to generate noise. In addition, the shaft swings around its head.

  Several proposals have already been made in order to prevent such noise and swinging (see Patent Documents 1 to 3).

  Among them, the example of Patent Document 1 (Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 01-113558) is configured to change the magnetic flux density between the N pole and the S pole so as to make a difference between the magnetic forces in a motor with a two-pole iron core. The armature core is attracted to the magnet side, the shaft integral with the armature core is attracted to one side of the bearing, and even if there is a predetermined clearance between the shaft and the bearing, the shaft will not rattle and reduce noise It is a small motor.

  The amateur core can be pulled in one direction by pulling both ends in the axial direction of the amateur core to the same magnet and pulling both sides of the shaft supported by the bearing in the same direction, or both sides in the axial direction of the amateur core. There are cases where the magnet is attracted to another magnet and both sides of the shaft are attracted to the bearing in opposite directions.

  As a means of changing the magnetic flux density to provide a difference in magnetic force, the gap difference between the armature core and the magnet is made non-uniform by using a plurality of magnets having a C-shaped cross section formed with holes, notches, dents, etc. There is means for unevenly arranging the intervals between the plurality of C-type magnets.

  In the example of Patent Document 2 (Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 62-115765), in a two-pole / three salient-pole type motor, a difference is created between the magnetic forces of the N-pole and the S-pole. A small motor that attracts an amateur core and pulls the shaft that is integral with the amateur core to one side of the bearing to prevent the shaft from rattling and reduce noise even if there is a predetermined clearance between the shaft and the bearing. .

  As means for providing a difference in magnetic force, the position of the rotating shaft is shifted to one stator side, the thicknesses of both stators in the radial direction are different, or the positions of both stators on the circumference are equal positions. By shifting the direction of the magnetic force from the stator applied to the rotor in one direction, or by making a difference in the magnetic force between the two stators, thereby making the gap between the two stators and the rotor different. Take measures to form the difference.

  Patent Document 3 (Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 06-060269) discloses a magnetized pattern of a magnet facing an armature core in a small motor in which both ends of a rotating shaft to which the armature core is fixed are rotatably supported by bearings. Is formed so that the magnetic force of the part that contributes to the rotational drive of the amateur core can be balanced, while the magnetic force of the part that contributes to the attraction of the amateur core is unbalanced so that the rotating shaft is biased in a certain direction in the bearing. did.

  Specifically, an S pole main magnetic pole and an N pole main magnetic pole are provided in the circumferential direction with the same width in the magnet, and a non-magnetized portion is provided between these main magnetic poles. However, auxiliary magnetic pole portions are provided adjacent to the main magnetic poles in the non-magnetized portions on both sides of the main pole of the S pole. The auxiliary magnetic pole portion is composed of an S-pole magnetized portion and an N-pole magnetized portion, and these magnetized portions are provided symmetrically with respect to the magnetic center line of the amateur core, and the remaining portion is a non-magnetized portion. It has become. As a result, the magnetic forces cancel each other in the S pole magnetized part and the N pole magnetized part in each auxiliary magnetic pole part, so the magnetic force contributing to the rotational drive of the amateur core is balanced by the magnetic force of the main pole. I can take it.

Further, the magnetic force of the two magnetized portions of the auxiliary magnetic pole portion acts as an attractive force for the amateur core, and the patterns of the two auxiliary magnetized portions are arranged unbalanced in the rotation direction. The attractive force obtained by synthesizing the attractive force of the amateur core by the two auxiliary magnetized portions causes the rotating shaft to be biased in a certain direction within the bearing.
Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 01-113558 Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 62-115765 Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 06-060269

  The above Patent Documents 1 and 2 are technologies based on a 2-pole 3-slot motor structure, in which the magnet magnetic poles N and S are magnetically unbalanced in magnetic force, and the air gap between the magnet and the core is changed. (Change the inner diameter curvature of the NS magnet, do not change the magnetic center of the magnet, change the opening angle of the NS magnet, etc.), and provide a magnetic force difference between the north and south poles and the core to apply a lateral pressure to the rotating shaft. ing.

  However, in the configuration of two poles and three slots, if an imbalance of magnetic force is made to give a side pressure to the rotating shaft and a side pressure is given to the rotating shaft by a magnetic force difference, for example, BEMF (counterelectromotive voltage waveform), that is, a generator In order to apply the above procedure, an amateur assembly (with a magnetized magnet incorporated) is rotated by an external drive, and a coil wound in one slot of the core is inserted into the armature assembly. When the output (power generation waveform) is taken from the beginning and end of winding, there is a large difference in the power generation waveform compared to the case where the magnetic force is unbalanced as much as the magnetic force is unbalanced.

  Similarly, a large difference occurs as a total flux acting on the magnet coil (coil wound around the core). Thus, if there is a difference in the output of the power generation waveform, problems such as worsening of cogging torque and worsening of torque ripple occur, resulting in worsening of torque ripple, resulting in rotation unevenness and poor usability for spindle motors. Become. Further, if the cogging torque is uneven (large or small) in the feed motor (motor that moves the head of the disk storage device), stop control is difficult and controllability is deteriorated.

Patent Document 3 (Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 6-60269) discloses, as means for solving the above two problems, a magnetic part that is the main of motor driving is arranged so as to have the same magnetic force, and a part where the magnetic pole is switched. Further, the magnetism is further finely magnetized (N pole, S pole, non-magnetized portion) in the portion that has little influence on the motor drive, and a side pressure is applied by the magnetic force of this portion.
In this configuration, the magnetization process becomes complicated. In addition, the magnetized yoke can only be magnetized by inner coating or magnetized by a single magnet, and has a magnetized configuration unsuitable for a small motor.

In Patent Documents 1 to 3 described above, since there are two poles and three slots, the interval between the N pole and the S pole of the magnetic pole is quite wide, and it is difficult to continue to apply a constant lateral pressure to the shaft using only these magnetic poles. For this reason, there are many examples of applying different lateral pressures to both ends of the shaft. When the magnetic pole is formed in a ring shape,
Similarly, the spacing between the N and S poles is much wider and the same is true. This indicates that it is difficult to apply a constant lateral pressure to the shaft in the case of two poles.

  In addition, because of the two poles, the magnetic flux density characteristics for generating torque are likely to fluctuate, and rotation unevenness such as cogging torque occurs.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a magnetizing pattern of a magnet facing the armature core in a rotating machine in which a rotating shaft provided with an armature core is rotatably supported by a bearing. It is another object of the present invention to provide a rotating machine in which the rotating shaft is biased in contact with a certain direction of the bearing with the magnetic force of the portion contributing to the attraction of the amateur core being unbalanced.

  In the rotating machine of the present invention, a pair of magnets (permanent magnets) having the same magnetic flux density are arranged such that one (for example, the first magnet) N pole and the other (for example, the second magnet) S pole face the same side. Combine two or more pairs of any number of the magnets so that the magnetic centers of the magnets are aligned at equal opening angle positions, and the magnets include pairs with different magnetic flux density values. The large magnet pair is characterized by being provided in accordance with the direction in which the rotating shaft is biased to contact the bearing (constitutes a side pressure mechanism). At that time, all the magnets are arranged at equal opening angle positions. Magnet pairs having a smaller magnetic flux density than the larger one are arranged at the remaining opening angle positions where the larger one is provided.

  With respect to the magnet arranged at a predetermined opening angle, the armature can be rotated inside the magnet or can be rotated outside.

  In particular, the first magnet and the second magnet having a predetermined magnetic flux density provided so that the sides facing the center are different from each other are paired, and two or more pairs of arbitrary number of magnets are arranged at equal opening angle positions. Place them together. The magnet includes a pair having different magnetic flux density values, and a magnet pair having a larger magnetic flux density value than the other pairs is provided in accordance with a direction in which the rotating shaft is biased to contact the bearing.

  The magnet is used both for rotational driving of the rotating shaft and for generating a side pressure on the rotating shaft.

  The rotating machine is intended for a device that rotates a rotating shaft by incorporating a permanent magnet such as a motor (electric motor) or a generator (generator).

  The value of magnetic flux density should just be set to at least 2 steps, and can also be set to 3 or more steps.

Each magnet (permanent magnet) is composed of, for example, NS or SN (the direction of the magnetic pole is reverse) magnetized in the thickness direction, and when describing a predetermined action, use the magnetic pole name on one side directly related, For example, an N-pole magnet or an S-pole magnet (the direction of the magnetic pole is reversed) is displayed.
The rotor for the stator can be an inner rotor type or an outer rotor type. The magnet can be provided on either the movable side or the fixed side. For example, the magnet may constitute a field magnet for driving an armature connected to the rotating shaft, or may constitute a rotor connected to the rotating shaft.

  As the fixing means, a welding means resistant to vibration, such as spot welding or laser welding, is used.

The field magnets (permanent magnets) are two or more pairs of arbitrary logarithmic magnets having the same opening angle at the axis center and are evenly arranged on the circumference.

  In the case of an inner rotor type in which a magnet is magnetized with the same strength per unit volume, the lateral pressure mechanism of the present invention is intended for a rotary machine such as a motor or a generator, and has a winding core (an amateur winding molding) or a coil. A rotating shaft provided with an amateur core, a bearing that supports the rotating shaft, and an N-pole magnet and an S-pole magnet arranged at equal opening angle positions on the circumference facing the winding core or the amateur core. A rotating machine including a motor frame provided with two or more logarithmic magnets (permanent magnets) as a pair, and an outer peripheral surface of a winding core or an amateur core in each magnet for each pair of N poles and S poles By changing the size of the surface (the arc length if the length in the rotation axis direction is the same), the magnetic attractive force acting on the amateur core is configured to work in a predetermined radial direction around the rotation axis .

  Further, the surface of the magnet facing the outer peripheral surface of the winding core or the armature core may be made the same so that the magnets have different magnetization strengths.

  Moreover, the magnet of this invention can also comprise the side pressure mechanism by selecting the magnet of the magnetic material from which magnetic force differs in a pair unit, and combining the paired magnets from which 2 or more pairs of magnetic forces differ.

  The coreless motor or the coreless generator according to the present invention refers to a rotating machine that uses an amateur winding molded body in which a winding is formed in a coil shape and then formed into a ring shape to form a rotor.

  A slotless cored motor or generator according to the present invention comprises a rotating machine in which a winding is formed in a coil shape in the coreless motor or coreless generator and a back yoke is provided on an amateur winding molded body formed into a ring shape. Say. Please refer to the examples for details.

  The motor frame has a quadrilateral basic shape, and the cross-sectional shape of the motor frame with the corners crushed inward while leaving a part of each side of the quadrangle is connected between adjacent sides with an arc of any shape. However, the basic shape is not limited to this quadrangle, and can be a 2 (n + 1) square. However, n is a positive integer of 1 or more.

Specifically, it is as follows.
(1) The rotating machine combines a pair of magnets having the same magnetic flux density so that one N pole and the other S pole face the same side, and two or more pairs of arbitrary logarithm magnets are placed at equal opening angle positions. The magnets are arranged with the magnetic centers aligned, and the magnets include pairs with different magnetic flux density values. Magnet pairs with larger magnetic flux density values than other pairs are aligned with the direction in which the rotating shaft is biased to contact the bearing. arranged Te be characterized Rukoto.
(2) In the rotating machine described in (1) above, a pair of a first magnet and a second magnet having a predetermined magnetic flux density provided so that the sides facing the center are different from each other, and two or more arbitrary logarithmic magnets are provided. The magnet centers are arranged at equal opening angle positions, and the magnet includes a pair with different magnetic flux density values. A magnet pair with a larger magnetic flux density value than the other pairs has a rotating shaft biased toward the bearing. It is aligned with the direction of contacting Te characterized Rukoto.
(3) In the rotating machine described in (1) above, N-pole magnets and S-pole magnets having the same magnetic flux density are paired, and two or more pairs of arbitrary number of the magnets are placed at equal opening angle positions. A pair of N pole magnets and S pole magnets having the same magnetic flux density and the same magnetic flux density are provided on a motor frame in a direction in which the rotating shaft is biased so as to be biased to contact with a part of the bearing. The absolute value of the total magnetic flux density of the magnet and the total magnetic flux density of the S-pole magnet is set to the same value.
(4) In the rotating machine according to any one of (1) to (3), the magnet pair has at least one pair of magnetic flux density values larger than the other pair magnetic flux density values. The radial thickness is constant and the arc length is different.
(5) In the rotating machine described in any one of (1) to (3) above, the magnet pair has at least one pair of magnetic flux density values larger than the other pair magnetic flux density values. It is characterized in that the radial thickness is constant and the circumferential magnetization width is different. (6) In the above (1) to the rotating machine according to any one of (3), the magnet is provided inside the motor frame, the rotary shaft, characterized in that provided on the rotating body.
(7) In the above SL (6) rotating machine, wherein the rotating body, characterized in that the armature core provided with a coil has a structure which is provided on the rotating shaft to the salient pole.
(8) In the above SL (6) rotating machine, wherein the rotating body is characterized and the armature windings-molded element, in that movable back yoke that rotates integrally therewith in contact with the inner side is provided.
(9) In the rotating machine described in any one of (6) to (8) above, the motor frame has a 2 (n + 1) square cross section, and a part of each side of the 2 (n + 1) square. It has the cylindrical part of the shape which crushed the corner | angular part inside, leaving behind. However, n is a positive integer of 1 or more.
(10) In the above (1) to the rotating machine according to any one of (9), the magnet is characterized in that it constitutes a field magnet for driving said rotary shaft.
In (11) above (1) or (2) rotating machine, wherein the magnets are provided inside the cylindrical portion of the rotary shaft and the connecting cup-shaped rotor yoke, said rotating shaft, together with the rotor yoke, the rotor It is characterized by comprising.

  The rotating machine of the present invention is suitable for a rotating machine provided with two or more pairs of N pole magnets and S pole magnets as a unit, and the magnetic flux density of a pair of N pole magnets and S pole magnets having the same magnetic flux density. By making it larger than other pairs and strengthening the magnetic force, there is no magnetic imbalance between the N-pole magnetic flux density and the S-pole magnetic flux density, and each of the three phases (U phase, V phase, W phase). The output generated in the coil is also the same, and a side pressure can be applied to the rotating shaft without deteriorating torque ripple.

  FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram when the magnetic flux densities of the N pole and S pole of a magnet (permanent magnet) for generating torque are not equal to each other.

  FIG. 7A shows an example in which the magnetic flux densities of the N pole and the S pole of the magnet (permanent magnet) are equal, and the three phases concentratedly wound around the salient pole within the generated magnetic field of each N pole and S pole. (U phase, V phase, W phase) It is a figure which shows the angle change of the generated torque when a drive current is sent by the three-phase full wave drive system to a coil | winding.

  FIG. 7B is a diagram for explaining the torque ripple in FIG.

  FIG. 7C shows an example in which the magnetic flux densities of the N pole and S pole of the magnet (permanent magnet) are not equal. In the magnetic field generated by each N pole and S pole, concentrated winding is performed on the salient pole. It is a figure which shows the angle change of the generated torque when a drive current is sent with a three-phase full wave drive system to a phase (U phase, V phase, W phase) winding.

  FIG. 7D is a diagram illustrating the torque ripple in FIG.

In the present invention, a pair of N pole magnets and S pole magnets having the same magnetic flux density is used as a unit, and two or more (preferably two kinds) pairs having different magnetic flux density values are incorporated in a motor frame to provide an amateur core or an amateur winding. It has a mechanism for biasing the suction force acting on the movable back yoke provided on the molded body toward one side of the rotating shaft. Hereinafter, the case where there are two types of magnetic flux densities will be described. The magnetic flux densities of the pair of N pole and S pole are the same. Paying attention to this feature, the advantage of the torque characteristic when the magnetic flux densities of the N pole and S pole are equal will be described with reference to FIGS. 7 (a) and 7 (b).

  For example, when the number of coils (slots, teeth) in a concentrated winding is 6, the number of phases is 3, and the number of poles is 4, two types of magnets having different magnetic flux densities (a pair of N pole magnet and S pole magnet having a high magnetic flux density, and magnetic flux Using a low-density N-pole magnet and S-pole magnet), the rotating shaft connected to the movable back yoke provided on the armature core or armature winding molded body is biased so as to be biased to contact with a part of the bearing. A pair of N-pole magnets and S-pole magnets having a high magnetic flux density is provided on the motor frame in the direction to be applied, and a pair of N-pole magnets and S-pole magnets having a low magnetic flux density is provided for the remaining two magnets. When the magnet is provided in this manner, the total of the N pole magnetic flux density is the sum of the magnetic flux density of the N pole magnet having a large magnetic flux density and the magnetic flux density of the N pole magnet having a small magnetic flux density. On the other hand, the sum of the S pole magnetic flux density is the sum of the magnetic flux density of the S pole magnet having a large magnetic flux density and the magnetic flux density of the S pole magnet having a small magnetic flux density. Since the magnetic flux densities of the pair of N pole and S pole are set to the same value, the total of the N pole magnetic flux density and the total of the S pole magnetic flux density are different in polarity but have the same absolute value. As a result, the torque characteristics acting on the U phase, V phase and W phase of the coil are as shown in FIG. In the figure, the upper side represents the torque acting on the N pole side, and the lower side represents the torque acting on the S pole side. The shaded area is the effective torque region. The effective torque area is an area that is greater than or equal to the point where the adjacent phase is switched in the torque characteristics. For this reason, the effective areas on the N pole side and the S pole side are the same.

  When the characteristic of FIG. 7A is turned back by a line of torque 0 (zero), the characteristic shown in FIG. 7B (b-2) is obtained.

  By the way, a phenomenon in which the torque is not constant but pulsates (varies) during rotation of the motor is referred to as torque unevenness (torque ripple). There are various causes of torque unevenness, but the cogging torque is caused by the interaction of the iron teeth, slot structure and magnet (permanent magnet).

  When the torque ripple having the characteristics shown in (b-2) of FIG. 7B is obtained, the characteristics shown in (b-1) of FIG. 7B are repeated. This can be said to exhibit a relatively small torque ripple characteristic without irregular fluctuations.

  On the other hand, as shown in Patent Documents 1 to 3, which are conventional examples, in the case of two poles, one pole in a direction in which the rotating shaft provided in the armature core is biased so as to be biased to contact with a part of the bearing (for example, When the magnetic flux density of the N pole is larger than the magnetic flux density of the other pole (for example, the S pole), as shown in FIG. 7C, the N pole side and the S pole with the torque 0 (zero) line as a boundary. The torque characteristics on the side will not have the same absolute value. When the torque characteristic shown in FIG. 7C is turned back at the torque 0 line, the maximum value varies as shown in FIG. 7D-d-2. For this reason, when the torque ripple characteristic is obtained as shown in FIG. 7 (d) (d-1), the fluctuation range is large and the fluctuation pattern has a unique shape. This is because the torque ripple is large in the two-pole example of Patent Documents 1 to 3 of the conventional example, and therefore there is a problem that it cannot be used unless the torque characteristics are improved. In contrast, the present invention can solve this problem as described above.

  Furthermore, the present invention does not perform complicated magnetization as shown in Patent Document 3, and the magnetization method includes inner magnetization, outer magnetization, motor frame assembly magnetization, motor finished product magnetization, (A one-piece magnet can be used for assembling a motor frame or magnetizing a single product).

Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
Hereinafter, an inner rotor type motor will be shown as an example of the rotating machine.

  Each magnet (permanent magnet) is composed of, for example, NS or SN (the direction of the magnetic pole is reverse) magnetized in the thickness direction, and when describing a predetermined action, use the magnetic pole name on one side directly related, For example, an N-pole magnet or an S-pole magnet (the direction of the magnetic pole is reversed) is displayed.

  FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram of a motor that is Embodiment 1 of the present invention. In the first embodiment, a case having an amateur core will be described.

FIG. 1A is a cross-sectional view cut in the length direction of the rotating shaft. In FIG. 1A, the section from the line AA to the line BB in FIG. A cross-sectional view taken along line BB, a cross-sectional view taken along line EE in FIG. 1C from the line BB to the CC line, and a line from line CC to the end block in FIG. It is sectional drawing cut | disconnected by the FF line | wire of FIG. 1B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 1A, FIG. 1C is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB in FIG. 1A, and FIG. 1D is a cross-sectional view taken along the line C- in FIG. It is C sectional drawing.
In the lateral pressure mechanism of the present invention, an armature core is provided on a rotating shaft supported by a bearing, and magnetic poles based on a plurality of magnets (permanent magnets) are provided so as to surround the armature core. By changing the size of the surface facing the outer peripheral surface of the armature core in both the north pole (for example, the first magnet) and the south pole (for example, the second magnet) to make a pair, The acting magnetic attractive force is configured to work in a predetermined radial direction around the rotation axis.

  The motor 1 in FIG. 1A includes an amateur assembly 22 and a frame assembly 23.

  The amateur assembly 22 includes a rotating shaft 2, an armature core 3 provided on the rotating shaft 2, a coil 6 in which windings are wound around slots 5 on both sides of the salient pole 4 in the armature core 3, The provided commutator unit 9 is provided.

  A commutator unit 9 provided on the rotary shaft 2 is equipped with a current limiting varistor 7 and a commutator piece 8. One end of the rotary shaft 2 is pivotally supported by a bearing 12 mounted in the central hole of the end plate portion 11 of the motor frame 10, and the other end is pivotally supported by a bearing 14 mounted on the end block 13. The end plate portion 11 is provided with a screw hole 15 for attachment at a symmetrical position about the rotation shaft 2. The end block 13 is provided with a terminal 17 having a brush 16. The brush 16 is disposed in contact with the commutator piece 8.

  The motor frame 10 has a constant plate thickness, a cylindrical portion 20 having a shape in which a corner portion 19 is crushed inward while leaving a part of each side 18 having a square cross section, and a continuous portion to the cylindrical portion 20. It consists of the end plate part 11. In the cross section of the cylindrical portion 20, the adjacent sides 18 are connected by an arc.

  The shape of the cylindrical portion 20 of the motor frame 10 is basically a square having the same number as the number of magnetized magnetic poles of the field magnet 21, thereby obtaining a field magnet 21 for obtaining a sin wave magnetization characteristic in the rotation direction. The motor can be miniaturized without reducing the thickness of the central part of the magnet.

Only the minimum necessary air gap G is located at the position closest to the outer surface of the armature core 3 with respect to the inner surface of the cylindrical portion 20 of the motor frame 10, in the center portion of each side 18 in the first embodiment. Set to exist. This setting is performed at the center of each side 18 in the example of FIG.
The air gap G is mainly determined by the accuracy of two parts, that is, the inner diameter accuracy of the motor frame 10 and the outer diameter accuracy of the armature core 3. For this reason, the air gap G has a value of about 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm as an actual dimension.

  The radius of the arc inside the corner portion 19 of the motor frame 10 is between 5% and 85% of the length from the center of the rotating shaft 2 to the arc surface of the inner portion 21a on the rotating shaft 2 side of the field magnet 21. Set to any value. As a result, the armature core 3 can be arranged as an increased structure without being restricted by the placement location by the field magnet 21, and therefore the number of turns of the coil 6 can be increased and the generated torque can be increased. Preferably, the radius on the inner side of the arc of the corner portion 19 of the motor frame 10 is from 65% to 85% of the length from the center of the rotating shaft 2 to the arc surface of the inner portion 21a on the rotating shaft 2 side of the field magnet 21. Set to any value between%.

  The following embodiments are preferable.

The shape of the motor frame takes the following aspects (1) to (6), for example.
(1) The radius from the center of the rotating shaft 2 to the inner surface 10if of the motor frame 10 is made the same as the radius from the center of the rotating shaft 2 to the circular arc surface that is the inner portion 21a of the field magnet 21.
(2) The radius from the center of the rotating shaft 2 to the inner surface 10if of the motor frame 10 is the same as the shortest radius from the center of the rotating shaft 2 to the arc surface of an arbitrary curvature that is the inner portion 21a of the field magnet 21. To do.
(3) The cross-sectional shape of the motor frame 10 in which the corner 19 is crushed inward while leaving a part of each side 18 of the quadrangle is a shape in which the adjacent sides 18 are connected by an arc of an arbitrary shape.
(4) The cross-sectional shape of the motor frame 10 in which the corners 19 are crushed inward while leaving a part of each side 18 of the quadrangle is formed between the adjacent sides 18 with the arc (from the center of the rotation axis to the field magnet). It has a shape that is connected by an arc having an arbitrary ratio to the length of the radius of the arc forming the arc).
(5) The cross section of the motor frame 10 in which the corners 19 are crushed inward while leaving a part of each side 18 of the quadrangle is formed into a shape in which the adjacent sides 18 are connected by a straight line.
(6) The cross-sectional shape of the motor frame 10 in which the corners 19 are crushed inward while leaving a part of each side 18 of the quadrangle is formed between the adjacent sides 18 by a concentric arc from the center of the rotating shaft 2. A connected shape.

  An end block 13 is attached to the open end of the cylindrical portion 20 opposite to the end plate portion 11 of the motor frame 10.

  The frame assembly 23 includes a motor frame 10, a bearing 12, and a field magnet 21.

  The field magnet 21 is formed of, for example, a neodymium magnet (Nd—Fe—B) or the like, and is magnetized in the radial direction or the rotational direction, and is separated from the corner portion 19 of the cylindrical portion 20 having a quadrangular cross section. Be placed.

Cross-sectional shape of the field magnet 21 (the cross-sectional shape on a plane to the longitudinal direction and Cartesian axis of rotation 2), (adjacent side to the armature core 3) 21a is formed in an arc-shaped inside portion, the outer portion 21b The motor frame 10 is formed in a shape that is in close contact with the inner side surface 10if of the cylindrical portion. The connecting portion 21c between the inner portion 21a and the outer portion 21b is formed at an angle orthogonal to the inner side surface 10if of the motor frame 10 in the first embodiment, but may be any angle. The field magnet 21 is arranged in the air gap G between the inner surface 10if of the motor frame 10 and the radially outermost surface of the armature core 3 and the inner portion 21a having an arc shape in the cross section of the field magnet 21 and the motor. It has the connection part 21c which connects each of the outer side part 21b provided closely_contact | adhered to the inner surface 10if of a flame | frame. As shown in FIG. 1A, the field magnet 21 is arranged in the length direction of the cylindrical portion 20 so as to face the armature core 3.

  The field magnet 21 is composed of four poles, and the armature core 3 can be placed in any T direction (FIG. 1 (c) and FIG. 1 (d)) in order to make the rotating shaft 2 be in contact with a part of the bearings 12 and 14. From the N pole magnet 21MNL1 (for example, the first magnet) and the S pole magnet 21MSL1 (for example, the second magnet) having a large magnetic flux density that is attracted biased toward the reference), and the N pole magnet 21MNS1 and the S pole magnet 21MSS1 having a small magnetic flux density. Become. The feature is that a pair of N pole and S pole is used as a unit for both those having a high magnetic flux density and those having a low magnetic flux density. It arrange | positions so that the attraction | suction direction T may come between N pole magnet 21MNL1 with large magnetic flux density, and S pole magnet 21MSL1. Each magnet is arranged so that the magnetic center of the arc surface of the magnet has an even opening angle with respect to the center of the rotating shaft 2. In this example, in order to increase the magnetic flux density, the arc length of the magnet (the circumferential length of the magnet around the rotation axis in a cross-sectional view cut along a plane perpendicular to the length direction of the rotation axis) is increased. To do.

In particular, in the motor 1, the relationship between the (BH) max (maximum energy product) of the field magnet 21 and the outer diameter of the armature core 3 constituting the magnetic component of the rotating body, which has a great influence on the motor characteristics, is optimal. Therefore, by increasing the outer diameter of the armature core 3 from the inner diameter of the cylindrical portion 20 of the motor frame 10 to a value excluding the necessary minimum air gap G, the armature core 3 can be effectively used per slot. It is possible to increase the magnetic flux, and further increase the winding area of the slot 5 of the armature core 3, while suppressing the amount of the expensive field magnet 21 used as a motor part and reducing the motor shape while reducing the torque. To reduce costs and motor volume. Furthermore, the vibration of the rotating shaft is suppressed.
The number of field magnets can be 2 pairs (4 poles) or more and an arbitrary (n + 1) logarithm (2 (n + 1) poles). However, n is a positive integer of 1 or more.

[Example of changing frame shape and number of slots]
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment in which the motor frame shape and the number of slots in the motor of the present invention are changed. In the figure, the winding coil is omitted. 2A is a cross-sectional view of a 4-pole 5 slot, FIG. 2B is a cross-sectional view of a 4-pole 6-slot, and FIG. 2C is a cross-sectional view of a 6-pole 9-slot.

The motor 1 of the present invention will be described with reference to the elements in FIG. 1 that are not denoted by reference numerals in FIG. 2. A motor frame in which corners 19a are crushed inward while leaving a part of each side 18a of a quadrangle. The cross-sectional shape of 10a may be a shape in which adjacent sides 18a are connected by an arc of any shape, and the corners 19a are crushed inward while leaving a part of each side 18a of the quadrangle. The cross section of the motor frame 10a may have a shape in which adjacent sides 18a are connected by an arc having an arbitrary ratio with respect to the length of the arc radius from the rotation center forming the arc surface of the field magnet 21. In addition, the cross section of the motor frame 10a in which the corners 19a are crushed inward while leaving a part of each side 18a of the quadrangle may be a shape in which the adjacent sides 18a are connected with a straight line, Square The cross section of the motor frame 10a in which the corner portion 19a is crushed inward while leaving a part of each side 18a may be a 2 (n + 1) square when n is a positive integer of 1 or more. .

  The field magnet 21 is also in the air gap G between the inner surface 10if of the motor frame 10a and the radially outermost surface of the armature core 3 in the following examples of FIGS. 2 (a) to 2 (c). Each of the field magnets 21 has a connecting portion 21c for connecting each of an inner portion 21a having an arc shape in a cross section of the field magnet 21 and an outer portion 21b provided in close contact with the inner side surface 10if of the motor frame 10a.

  The shape of the amateur core 3 can also be changed as appropriate. Although the embodiment is configured with 4 poles, 5 slots, 4 poles, 6 slots, and 6 poles and 9 slots, there is no problem as long as it is 4 poles or more.

  FIG. 2A shows an example of 4 poles and 5 slots. As shown in the sectional view, the motor frame 10a has a constant plate thickness and the corners 19a on the inside while leaving a part of each side 18a having a square section. The cylindrical portion 20a is squeezed into the cylindrical portion 20a and the end plate portion 11 is connected to the cylindrical portion 20a. In the cross section of the cylindrical portion 20a, adjacent sides 18a are connected by an arc.

  The field magnet 21 is provided so that the inner portion 21a is an arc surface, the outer portion 21b is in close contact with the motor frame 10a, and is separated from the corner portion 19a of the motor frame 10a so as not to interfere with the rotation operation of the amateur core 3a. Therefore, the magnet has a shape that ensures the magnetizing characteristics necessary to maintain the motor characteristics.

  The field magnet 21 is composed of four poles, and the armature core 3a is biased in an arbitrary T direction (see FIG. 2 (a)) so that the rotary shaft 2 is biased and brought into contact with parts of the bearings 12 and 14. N pole magnet 21MNL2 and S pole magnet 21MSL2 having a large magnetic flux density and N pole magnet 21MNS2 and S pole magnet 21MSS2 having a small magnetic flux density.

  FIG. 2B is an example of 4 poles and 6 slots. As shown in the sectional view, FIG. 2B differs from the example of FIG. 2A in that the number of salient poles is increased to 6 salient poles. The description is omitted because it is the same.

  FIG. 2C is a sectional view of another motor frame shape of the present invention.

  The motor frame of the embodiment described above has a square shape as a basic shape, and the cross-sectional shape of the motor frame 10a in which the corner portion 19a is crushed inward while leaving a part of each side 18a of the quadrangle, The basic shape is not limited to this quadrangle, but can be a 2 (n + 1) square, where n is a positive integer of 1 or more. To do. Thereby, the basic shape (the shape before the corner portion is crushed) of the cylindrical portion of the motor frame can be, for example, a quadrangle, a hexagon, an octagon,.

  The example in FIG. 2C shows a hexagonal motor frame 10b when n is 2. It is formed in 6 poles and 9 slots. The cylindrical portion 20b of the hexagonal motor frame 10b has a cross-sectional shape of the motor frame 10b in which the corner portions 19b are crushed inward while leaving a part of each hexagonal side 18b. A shape in which the arcs of the inner part 21a of the magnetic magnet 21 are connected by an arc having an arbitrary ratio to the length of the radius of the arc that forms the arc surface. Moreover, the shape which connected between the adjacent sides 18b with the straight line may be used.

  In the motor frame 10b, the roundness (corner R) of the corners (corners) 19b of each side 18b is set to the inner radius of the arc surface of the inner portion 21a of the field magnet 21 (radius from the rotation axis center to the arc surface of the field magnet). The ratio of the radius of the corner R to the direction length) is set in the range of 5% to 85%. Preferably, the radius of the arc inside the corner portion 19b of the motor frame 10b is between 65% and 85% of the length from the center of the rotating shaft 2 to the arc surface on the rotating shaft 2 side of the field magnet 21. Set to any value.

  As shown in the above embodiment, the field magnet 21 has an arcuate inner surface 21a and an outer surface 21b that is in close contact with the motor frames 10a and 10b so as not to interfere with the rotation of the amateur cores 3a, 3b, and 3c. Are provided at the corners 19a and 19b of the motor frames 10a and 10b so as to be separated from each other, and have a shape that secures the magnetizing characteristics of the magnet necessary for maintaining the motor characteristics.

In the air gap G between the inner side surface 10if of the motor frames 10a, 10b and the radially outermost surfaces of the armature cores 3a, 3b, 3c, an inner portion 21a having an arc shape in the section of the field magnet 21 and the motor It has the connection part 21c which connects each of the outer side part 21b provided closely_contact | adhered to the inner surface 10if of a flame | frame. The shape of the amateur core can also be changed as appropriate.

  FIG. 3 shows a modified example of the cylindrical motor frame and the arc-shaped magnet of each embodiment of FIG. 2, and the winding including the coil is omitted. FIG. 3A is a cross-sectional view of an example of 4 poles 5 slots. FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional view of an example of a 4-pole 6-slot. FIG. 3C is a cross-sectional view of an example of 6 poles and 9 slots.

  In the example of FIGS. 3A and 3B, two pairs of magnets having a constant radial thickness and a different arc length are formed on the inner surface of a cylindrical motor frame 10c having a constant thickness. It arrange | positions from the center of the rotating shaft 2 in the position of the equal opening angle of 90 degrees. The position of the cylindrical motor frame 10c that attracts the armature core 3 so that the pair of N-pole magnets 21MNL5 and S-pole 21MSL5 having the longer arc length are in contact with the rotating shaft 2 biased to a part of the bearings 12 and 14. To place. A pair of N-pole magnet 21MNS5 and S-pole magnet 21MSS5 having a shorter arc length is axially symmetric to the pair of N-pole magnet 21MNL5 and S-pole magnet 21MSL5 having a longer arc length, and the same opening angle is 90 °. To place.

  In FIG. 3C, three pairs of magnets having a constant radial thickness and a different arc length are arranged on the inner surface of a cylindrical motor frame 10c having a constant thickness from the center of the rotary shaft 2 with a uniform opening angle of 60 °. . The cylindrical motor frame 10c that attracts the armature core 3 such that the pair of N pole magnets 21MNL6 and S pole magnets 21MSL6 having the longer arc length are in contact with the rotating shaft 2 biased to part of the bearings 12 and 14 is provided. Place in position. The two pairs of N pole magnets 21MNS6, 21MNS6 and the S pole magnets 21MSS6, 21MSS6 with the shorter arc length are opened at the same angle as the opening angle 60 ° of the pair of N pole magnets 21MNL6 and the S pole magnet 21MSL6 with the longer arc length. It is arranged at an angle and a position equally divided with respect to the entire circumference.

The above embodiment is an example in which the magnetic flux density is changed by changing the arc length of the magnetic pole, and the magnetic force is changed. However, the fourth embodiment is an example in which the magnetic flux density is changed by changing the magnetization width to change the magnetic force.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory view for explaining means for changing the magnetization width. 4A is a cross-sectional view illustrating a magnetizing means (cross-sectional view), and FIG. 4B is a diagram illustrating magnetization characteristics.
In FIG. 4A, magnetized regions A to D having a constant radial thickness and an opening angle of 90 ° are provided in advance on the inner surface of the cylindrical motor frame 10c, and the magnetized inner yoke 41 is disposed as shown in the figure. To do. The teeth of the magnetized inner yoke 41 are formed in two types (41a, 41d and 41b, 41c) having different arc lengths on the outer peripheral surface thereof. The magnetized inner yoke 41 is composed of a pair of teeth 41a and 41d having a long arc length and a pair of teeth 41b and 41c having a short arc length at 90 ° intervals so that the opening angle from the center is 90 °. Distribute evenly around the circumference. The coil 28 wound around each tooth of each magnetized inner yoke 41 has the same specification.
When each magnetized region A to D is magnetized by each tooth (41a, 41d, 41b, 41c), the characteristics shown in FIG. 4B are obtained.

In FIG. 4B, the vertical axis represents the magnetic flux density (dimension T: Tesla), and the N pole is indicated by a positive value and the S pole is indicated by a negative value. The horizontal axis represents the counterclockwise angle obtained by starting from the 0 ° in FIG. 4 (a).

The angle range of 0 ° to 90 ° represents the magnetic flux density characteristic as the N pole of the magnetized region A, and the range of 90 ° to 180 ° represents the magnetic flux density characteristic as the S pole of the magnetized region B. Angle is 180 ° ~ 27
The range of 0 ° represents the magnetic flux density characteristics as the N pole of the magnetized region C, and the range of 270 ° to 360 ° represents the magnetic flux density characteristics as the S pole of the magnetized region D. Arc length of Chaku磁内yoke is magnetized by the long teeth magnetic areas A and D are magnetized region B and compared magnetization region is relatively wide magnetic flux density is large value C as shown in FIG. 4 (b) Is magnetized. When an armature core (not shown) is mounted in the cylindrical motor frame 10c having magnets magnetized in this way, the armature core is moved in the direction between the magnetized areas A and D by the attractive force of the magnetized areas A and D. As a result, the rotation axis (not shown) of the armature core is biased and contacts the bearing (not shown).

FIG. 5 is a sectional view of a slotless cored motor to which the magnet arrangement of the present invention is applied.
5A is a cross-sectional view taken along the line II in FIG. 5B, and FIG. 5B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line HH in FIG. 5A. The slotless cored motor of the present invention is included in the rotating machine of the present invention.

  The motor frame 30 of the slotless cored motor 29 includes a cylindrical portion 31, an end plate portion 32 provided continuously with the cylindrical portion 31, and a bearing support portion 33 provided continuously with the end plate portion 32. Inside the bearing support portion 33, the rotating shaft 2 is rotatably supported by two bearings 34 and 35 provided separately on the upper and lower ends of the bearing support portion 33. One end of the rotating shaft 2 is in contact with the bottom plate 36. A commutator mold 37 is provided on the rotary shaft 2.

The commutator mold 37 is, for example, a disk-shaped molded body made of a thermosetting resin such as phenol diallyl phthalate, and a cylindrical portion 37a provided so as to surround the periphery of the bearing support portion 33 of the motor frame 30, and the cylindrical portion An inner annular plate portion 37b connected to one end of 37a and fixed to the rotary shaft 2, and an outer annular plate portion 37c projecting radially outward from the other end of the cylindrical portion 37a. A part of a riser 39b that becomes a power supply path to the continuous armature winding molded body 38 is integrally embedded and molded. Radial outer side of the riser 39b are supported with the necessary support strength while electrically connecting the armature winding-molded element 38 by the tap 38a of the metal strip.

  In the film forming step, the outer surface of the outer annular plate portion 37c and the armature winding molded body 38 can be coated with a thermosetting resin on the outer surface and thermally cured to provide a reinforcing film to constitute an earthquake resistant structure of the tap 38a. . The electrical connection between the tap 38a and the riser 39b is made by welding resistant to vibration. The tap 38a is formed in a strip shape, and is partially curved to give elasticity.

  By adopting the vibration damping mechanism of the rotating shaft 2 and the tap 38a itself and the configuration related to these taps, vibration and stress applied to the tap 38a can be relaxed and disconnection of the tap 38a can be prevented.

  A pair of brushes 40 that come into contact with the commutator 39 a are attached to terminals 41 fixed to the bottom plate 36.

  The amateur winding molded body 38 has a configuration in which a coil around which a conductive wire is wound is formed into a flat cylindrical shape and fixed with resin, and a tap 38a is taken from the middle and connected to a riser 39b.

  The conducting wire is constituted by, for example, one in which an insulating layer is provided outside the linear conductor, and a heat fusion layer is provided outside the insulating layer.

The insulating layer prevents a short circuit between adjacent windings when wound, and is made of, for example, polyurethane. The heat sealing layer may be any layer that can bond the windings in order to form the windings in a cylindrical shape, and examples thereof include hot melt resins. The windings are fused together by this heat-sealing layer.

  A reinforcing layer made of a thermosetting resin such as epoxy may be provided on the outer surface of the amateur winding molded body 38.

  A movable back yoke 42 is provided in contact with the inside of the amateur winding molded body 38, and the movable back yoke 42 is supported by the outer annular plate portion 37 c of the commutator mold 37. The movable back yoke 42 is made of a magnetic material, does not have a slot, and is formed in a cylindrical shape like the armature winding molded body 38.

  The field magnet 43 is arranged separately on each corner 45 connecting the sides 44 of the motor frame 30.

  The motor frame 30 has a plate thickness constant, a cylindrical portion 31 having a shape in which the corner portion 45 is crushed inward while leaving a part of each side 44 having a square cross section, and the cylindrical portion 31 is continuously provided. It consists of an end plate portion 32 and a bearing support portion 33 provided continuously to the end plate portion 32. In the cross section of the cylindrical portion 31, adjacent sides 44 are connected to each other by an arc of a corner portion 45. The bearing support portion 33 is formed in a cylindrical shape.

The shape of the cylindrical portion 31 of the motor frame 30 is basically made the same number of squares as the number of magnetized magnetic poles of the field magnet 43 without reducing the thickness of the central portion of the pole of the field magnet 43. The motor can be miniaturized.
When the outer side surface of the armature winding molded body 38 is closest to the inner side surface of the cylindrical portion 31 of the motor frame 30, particularly the side 44, in the case of the fourth embodiment, between the two at the position of the central portion of each side 44. Can be set to have only the minimum necessary air gap G. This setting is performed at the center of each side 44 in the example of FIG.
The air gap G is mainly determined by the accuracy of two parts, that is, the inner diameter accuracy of the motor frame 30 and the outer diameter accuracy of the armature winding molded body 38. For this reason, the air gap G has a value of about 0.1 mm to 0.5 mm as an actual dimension.

  The radius of the arc inside the corner 45 of the motor frame 30 is an arbitrary value between 5% and 85% of the length from the center of the rotating shaft 2 to the arc surface of the inner portion 43a of the field magnet 43 on the rotating shaft 2 side. Set to the value of. As a result, the armature winding molded body 38 can be arranged with a structure having an enlarged diameter without being restricted by the field magnet 43, and therefore the number of winding turns is increased and the generated torque is increased. can do. Preferably, the radius of the arc inside the corner portion 45 of the motor frame 30 is 65% to 85% of the length from the center of the rotating shaft 2 to the arc surface of the inner portion 43a on the rotating shaft 2 side of the field magnet 43. Set to any value between.

  The field magnet 43 is formed of, for example, a neodymium magnet (Nd—Fe—B) or the like, is magnetized in the radial direction or the rotational direction, and is arranged at a distance from the corner 45 of the cylindrical portion 31 having a quadrangular cross section. The

The cross-sectional shape of the field magnet 43 has an arcuate shape in which the inner portion 43a (the side close to the armature winding molded body 38) is formed with a radius from the center of the rotary shaft 2, and the outer portion 43b is a cylinder of the motor frame 30. It is formed in a shape that is in close contact with the inner surface 31 if of the shaped part 31. The connecting portion 43c between the inner portion 43a and the outer portion 43b is formed at an angle orthogonal to the inner side surface 31if of the cylindrical portion 31 of the motor frame 30 in the embodiment, but may be any angle. The field magnet 43 has an arcuate inner portion in the cross section of the field magnet 43 in the air gap G between the inner surface 31if of the motor frame 30 and the radially outermost surface of the armature winding molded body 38. 43a and a connecting portion 43c that connects each of the outer portions 43b provided in close contact with the inner surface 31if of the motor frame 30.

The field magnet 43 is composed of four poles, and the armature core 3 is biased in an arbitrary T direction (see FIG. 5B) so that the rotary shaft 2 is biased and brought into contact with parts of the bearings 34 and 35. N pole magnet 43MNL7 and S pole magnet 43MSL7 with high magnetic flux density and N pole magnet 43MNS7 and S pole magnet 43MSS7 with low magnetic flux density.
The feature is that a pair of N pole and S pole is used as a unit for both those having a high magnetic flux density and those having a low magnetic flux density. It arrange | positions so that the attraction | suction direction T may come between N pole magnet 43MNL7 with large magnetic flux density, and S pole magnet 43MSL7. Each magnet is arranged so that the center of the arc surface of the magnet has an equal opening angle with respect to the center of the rotating shaft 2.

  In particular, in the slotless cored motor 29, (BH) max (maximum energy product) of the field magnet 43 and the outer diameter of the amateur winding molded body 38 constituting the magnetic component of the rotating body, which have a great influence on the motor characteristics. In order to optimize the dimensional relationship, by increasing the outer diameter of the armature winding molded body 38 to the value obtained by removing the necessary minimum air gap G from the inner diameter of the cylindrical portion 31 of the motor frame 30, The effective magnetic flux of the amateur winding molded body 38 is increased, the winding area of the amateur winding molded body 38 is further increased, and the amount of the expensive field magnet 43 used as a motor part is suppressed, and the motor shape is reduced. While increasing the torque, the torque is increased, and the cost and motor volume are reduced.

  The configurations of the motor frame 30 and the field magnet 43 can be variously changed as described above.

  In addition, the shape of the cylindrical portion 31 of the motor frame 30 is basically the same number of squares as the number of magnetized magnetic poles of the field magnet 43, so that the field magnet 43 for achieving the sin wave-like magnetization characteristics is obtained. The motor can be miniaturized without reducing the thickness of the central portion of the magnet.

  Further, the commutator mold 37 has a cylindrical portion 37 a provided so as to surround the bearing support portion 33 of the motor frame 30, and an inner side connected to one end of the cylindrical portion 37 a and fixed to the rotary shaft 2. Since the annular plate portion 37b and the outer annular plate portion 37c projecting radially outward from the other end of the cylindrical portion 37a, the contact space between the commutator 39a and the brush 40 is secured for stable support. Two bearings 34 and 35 can be provided apart from each other, and the cylindrical portion 42a of the movable back yoke 42 can be formed long in the axial direction.

  When the transmission path of the magnetic flux is displayed, for example, the magnetic flux from the N-pole field magnet 43MNL7 is the amateur winding molded body 38, the movable back yoke 42, the amateur winding molded body 38, the S-pole field magnet 43MSL7, and the motor frame. Magnetic flux is transmitted through 30 paths. In this path, the high magnetic resistance gap is only the gap between the magnets 43MNL7, 43MSL7, and the armature winding molded body 38, so that a motor with a high magnetic flux density and a large generated torque can be configured. Further, the magnetic winding formed body 38 and the movable back yoke 42 are attracted in the T direction by the magnetic force of the N pole magnet 43MNL7 and the S pole magnet 43MSL7, so that the rotary shaft 2 is biased and brought into contact with part of the bearings 34 and 35. Can do.

  FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of an outer rotor type motor to which the magnet configuration of the present invention is applied.

6A is a cross-sectional view taken along the line KK in FIG. 6B, and FIG. 6B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line JJ in FIG. 6A.

  The outer rotor type motor 48 includes a rotor 49 and a stator 50.

  The rotor 49 includes a field magnet 51, a cup-shaped rotor yoke 52, and a rotating shaft 53.

  The field magnet 51 has been described above with respect to the material, setting of the strength of magnetization, setting of the magnetization region, and the like, and thus description thereof is omitted here. Similarly, each field magnet is disposed at a position where the magnetic center thereof has a uniform opening angle.

  The field magnet 51 is composed of four poles, and the magnetic flux attracts the armature core 55 in an arbitrary T direction (see FIG. 6A) in order to bring the rotating shaft 53 into contact with a part of the bearing 58. It consists of an N-pole magnet 51MNL8 and an S-pole magnet 51MSL8 with high density, and an N-pole magnet 51MNS8 and an S-pole magnet 51MSS8 with low magnetic flux density.

However, since the rotor 49 actually moves, the rotating shaft 53 and the bearing 58 are in contact with each other in the P direction which is 180 ° opposite to the T direction.

  The rotor yoke 52 is made of a magnetic material that forms a magnetic path, and includes a disc portion 52a and a cylindrical portion 52b that is connected to the periphery of the disc portion 52a at a right angle.

  The disc part 52a supports the rotating shaft 53 at the center. The cylindrical part 52b has the field magnet 51 fixed to the inner surface 52if. The field magnet 51 is arranged in parallel with the length direction of the rotating shaft 53.

  The stator 50 includes an amateur core 55 provided with a coil 54, a substrate 56, a bearing bracket 57, and a pair of bearings 58. The substrate 56 may be provided with wiring.

  The bearing bracket 57 can be made of either a magnetic material or a non-magnetic material, and is configured by connecting a cylindrical portion 60 to a mounting base 59. A pair of bearings 58 are provided inside the cylindrical portion 60. The amateur core 55 is fitted and fixed to the outer surface of the cylindrical portion 60. The base 59 of the bearing bracket 57 is inserted into the opening of the substrate 56 until it abuts, and the claw 61 protruding to the opposite side of the substrate 56 is bent to lock the bearing bracket 57 to the substrate 56. The rotating shaft 53 of the rotor 49 is inserted into the bearing 58 of the stator 50 and assembled.

  Since the rotor yoke 52 provided with the field magnet 51 is thus configured to rotate, the radii from the center of the rotation shaft 53 to the field magnets 51 and the rotor yoke 52 are the same in the circumferential direction. Vibration is difficult to occur, and rotation is smooth and quiet. In addition, since the radius is relatively long, even if the rotating shaft 53 vibrates somewhat, the influence of the increase in the radius is less likely to appear.

  Although the above embodiment has been described as an outer rotor type motor, it can also be configured as a generator if it is rotated by applying external power to the rotating shaft.

  As described above, the combinations of the configurations described above can be changed as appropriate without changing the function.

  With respect to the magnet arranged at a predetermined opening angle, the armature can be rotated inside the magnet or can be rotated outside.

It is a block diagram of the motor which is Example 1 of this invention. It is sectional drawing of the Example which changed the motor frame shape and slot number in the rotary machine of this invention. FIG. 2 is a modified example of the cylindrical motor frame and the arc-shaped magnet of each embodiment of FIG. 2, and windings including coils are omitted. It is explanatory drawing explaining the means to change a magnetization width | variety. It is sectional drawing of the slotless cored motor to which the magnet structure of this invention is applied. It is sectional drawing of the outer rotor type motor to which the magnet structure of this invention is applied. It is explanatory drawing in the case where it is not equal to the case where the magnetic flux density of the N pole of a magnet for generating a torque and S pole is equal.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Motor 2, 53 Rotating shaft 3, 3a, 3b, 3c, 55 Amateur core 4 Salient pole 5 Slot 6, 28, 54 Coil 7 Varistor 8 Commutator piece 9 Commutator unit 10, 10a, 10b, 30 Motor frame 10if, 31if, 52if Inner side surface 11, 32 End plate portion 12, 14, 34, 35, 58 Bearing 13 End block 15 Screw hole 16, 40 Brush 17, 41 Terminal 18, 44 Side 19, 19a, 19b, 45 Corner portion 20, 20a, 20b, 20c, 31 Tubular portion 21, 21MNL1-6, 21MSL1-6, 21MNS1-6, 21MSS1-6, 43, 43MNL7, 43MSL7, 43MNS7, 43MSS7, 51, 51MNL8, 51MSL8, 51MNS8, 51MSS8 Field magnet 21a, 43a Inner part 21b, 43b Outer part 1c, 43c Connecting portion 22 Amateur assembly 23 Frame assembly 29 Slotless cored motor 33 Bearing support portion 36 Bottom plate 37 Commutator mold 37a Cylindrical portion 37b Inner annular plate portion 37c Outer annular plate portion 38 Amateur winding molded body 38a Tap 39a Commutator 39b Riser 42 Movable back yoke 48 Outer rotor type motor 49 Rotor 50 Stator 52 Rotor yoke 56 Substrate 57 Bearing bracket 59 Base 60 Cylindrical portion 61 Claw G Air gap

Claims (11)

Combining a pair of magnets with the same magnetic flux density so that one N pole and the other S pole face the same side, align two or more pairs of arbitrary number of magnets with the magnetic centers of the magnets at equal opening angle positions. arrangement, and the magnet includes the value of the magnetic flux density is different pairs, characterized that you placement value of magnetic flux density magnet pair larger than the other pair in accordance with the direction of contacting biased rotary shaft to the bearing Rotating machine. A pair of a first magnet and a second magnet having a predetermined magnetic flux density provided so that the sides facing the center are different from each other, and two or more pairs of arbitrary number of magnets are aligned at equal opening angle positions. arrangement, and the magnet includes the value of the magnetic flux density is different pairs, characterized that you placement value of magnetic flux density magnet pair larger than the other pair in accordance with the direction of contacting biased rotary shaft to the bearing The rotating machine according to claim 1. An N-pole magnet and an S-pole magnet having the same magnetic flux density are paired, and two or more pairs of arbitrary numbers of the magnets are arranged with the magnetic centers of the magnets aligned at equal opening angle positions, and the rotating shaft is connected to the bearing 1 A pair of N-pole magnets and S-pole magnets having the same magnetic flux density and the same magnetic flux density are provided on the motor frame in a direction to be biased so as to be biased to contact the portion. 2. The rotating machine according to claim 1, wherein the absolute value of the total density is the same. The magnet pair is formed to have a constant radial thickness and a different arc length so that at least one pair of magnetic flux density values is larger than another pair of magnetic flux density values. The rotating machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3. The magnet pair is formed to have a constant radial thickness and a different circumferential magnetization width such that at least one pair of magnetic flux density values is greater than the other pair magnetic flux density value. The rotating machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: 4. The rotating machine according to claim 1 , wherein the magnet is provided inside a motor frame, and the rotating shaft is provided on a rotating body. 5. The rotating machine according to claim 6 , wherein the rotating body is configured such that an armature core provided with a coil on a salient pole is provided on the rotating shaft. 7. The rotating machine according to claim 6 , wherein the rotating body is provided with an armature winding molded body and a movable back yoke that is in contact with the inside thereof and rotates integrally therewith . The motor frame has a cylindrical portion whose cross section is formed into a 2 (n + 1) square, and the corner is crushed inward while leaving a part of each side of the 2 (n + 1) square. The rotating machine according to any one of claims 6 to 8. However, n is a positive integer of 1 or more. The rotating machine according to claim 1 , wherein the magnet constitutes a field magnet for driving the rotating shaft. 3. The rotating machine according to claim 1 , wherein the magnet is provided inside a cylindrical portion of a cup-shaped rotor yoke connected to the rotating shaft, and constitutes a rotor together with the rotating shaft and the rotor yoke .

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