JP4695377B2 - Algicide - Google Patents
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- JP4695377B2 JP4695377B2 JP2004299724A JP2004299724A JP4695377B2 JP 4695377 B2 JP4695377 B2 JP 4695377B2 JP 2004299724 A JP2004299724 A JP 2004299724A JP 2004299724 A JP2004299724 A JP 2004299724A JP 4695377 B2 JP4695377 B2 JP 4695377B2
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Description
本発明は、海苔養殖中に発生する珪藻等の雑藻類を駆除する殺藻剤に関する。 The present invention relates to an algicidal agent for controlling miscellaneous algae such as diatoms generated during laver culture.
海苔養殖中に、珪藻等の雑藻が海苔葉体又は海苔網に大量に付着すると海苔の生育が阻害される。また、雑藻類の付着が少なくても雑藻が付着した海苔原藻を製品にすると緑色の斑点が見え、外観を損ねる為、商品価値が低下し、海苔生産者の水揚げ金額が低下する。
海苔に付着する珪藻は、主にリクモフォラ・メロシラ等の珪藻が殆どであったが、最近ではタビュラリア等の珪藻が多量発生付着するようになってきている。これらの珪藻を完全に駆除する酸処理剤は現在のところ見出されていない。そのため、海苔の成長の抑制・乾海苔製品の品質低下をおこし大きな被害となっている。
雑藻の駆除を目的として酸性の液に海苔網を浸す酸性処理や海苔網を海上に上げて乾燥させる干出という作業が行われているが、十分な効果が現れていない。
During the laver culture, if algae such as diatoms adhere to the laver leaf body or laver net in large quantities, the growth of the laver is inhibited. Moreover, even if there is little adherence of miscellaneous algae, when the nori seaweed algae to which miscellaneous algae adheres is made into a product, green spots will be seen and the appearance will be impaired.
Most of the diatoms adhering to the seaweed were mainly diatoms such as liquophora and merosilla, but recently, a large amount of diatoms such as tabularia are becoming attached. At present, no acid treatment agent has been found to completely control these diatoms. For this reason, the growth of laver is suppressed and the quality of dry laver products is reduced, causing serious damage.
For the purpose of exterminating miscellaneous algae, an acid treatment in which a laver net is immersed in an acidic solution and a drying process in which the laver net is raised to the sea and dried are performed, but sufficient effects have not yet appeared.
今までに、下記に示すような海苔養殖用の処理剤が開示されている。
例えば文献1には、「炭素数1ないし4の飽和脂肪族モノカルボン酸、炭素数2ないし4の飽和または不飽和ジカルボン酸、グリコール酸、乳酸、酒石酸、リンゴ酸、クエン酸から成る群から選ばれた有機カルボン酸の一種又は二種以上を有効成分として含有する殺藻剤」とある。この公知文献には有機酸を用いて雑藻を駆除することが記載してある。
Until now, the treatment agent for nori culture as shown below has been disclosed.
For example, Reference 1 includes “selected from the group consisting of a saturated aliphatic monocarboxylic acid having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a saturated or unsaturated dicarboxylic acid having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, glycolic acid, lactic acid, tartaric acid, malic acid, and citric acid. The algaecide containing one or more organic carboxylic acids as active ingredients ”. This known document describes the removal of miscellaneous algae using organic acids.
また、特許文献2には、「乳酸及び/又は酢酸とパラオキシ安息香酸エステルとを含有することを特徴とするケイソウ駆除用処理剤」が記載されている。この公知文献には短時間でのケイソウ駆除について記載してあるが、実用的ではない。 Patent Document 2 describes "a treatment agent for combating diatoms characterized by containing lactic acid and / or acetic acid and a paraoxybenzoic acid ester". Although this known document describes diatom control in a short time, it is not practical.
従来は、雑藻を駆除するためにクエン酸、リンゴ酸等を40〜80%の範囲で含有する製品を100〜120倍希釈液にて10〜30分の処理を行っていた。この場合、海苔網を取り外して処理を行うため時間と手間がかかりすぎるという問題があった。
現在では養殖規模の拡大により、海苔網を固定したまま、潜り船を潜らせる酸処理方法が採用されている。この方法では60秒以下の短時間処理で効果を発揮する必要がある。そのため、クエン酸、リンゴ酸を主成分とする製品を高濃度で使用している。しかし、雑藻を充分には駆除できていない。120秒以上の時間をかけたり、2回処理を行ったり、濃度を濃くしたりして対応しているが、期待される効果が得られていない。
Conventionally, in order to control miscellaneous algae, a product containing citric acid, malic acid and the like in a range of 40 to 80% was treated with a diluted solution 100 to 120 times for 10 to 30 minutes. In this case, there is a problem that it takes too much time and labor to remove the laver net and perform processing.
At present, due to the expansion of aquaculture scale, an acid treatment method is adopted in which a submerged ship is submerged while a laver net is fixed. In this method, it is necessary to exert an effect in a short time treatment of 60 seconds or less. For this reason, products mainly composed of citric acid and malic acid are used at high concentrations. However, we are not able to get rid of miscellaneous algae sufficiently. Although it takes 120 seconds or more, performs the process twice, or increases the density, the expected effect is not obtained.
最近の海苔養殖では、海苔生産者1軒当たりの養殖網の枚数が更に増加してきており、養殖網1枚当たりの酸処理に要する時間を短くせざるを得なくなり、より短時間、より低濃度で効果があり、かつ安全な雑藻駆除剤の開発が求められている。
本発明は、海苔自体に害を与えることなく、珪藻を短時間に駆除できる薬剤を提供することを目的とする。 An object of this invention is to provide the chemical | medical agent which can remove a diatom in a short time, without harming nori itself.
上記課題を解決するために、鋭意検討を重ねた結果、サポニンを含有する処理液で処理することにより、珪藻を短時間に駆除できることを見出し、本発明を完成させるに至った。サポニンとしてはトリテルペン系サポニン、ステロイド系サポニン特にエンジュサポニン、キラヤサポニン、酵素処理ダイズサポニン、ダイズサポニン、チャ種子サポニン、ビ−トサポニン、ユッカフォ−ム抽出物が好ましい。
クエン酸・酢酸・乳酸・リン酸等の今までに見出されている酸成分では、タビュラリアという珪藻を完全に駆除することができなかったが、本発明の前記サポニンを主成分とする処理剤では100%駆除することが可能となった。
即ち、本発明は次の通りである。
(1)サポニンを主成分とする海苔養殖用の殺藻剤。
(2)サポニンがトリテルペン系サポニン、ステロイド系サポニンの少なくとも1種以上から成る、(1)に記載の海苔養殖用の殺藻剤。
(3)サポニンがエンジュサポニン、キラヤサポニン、酵素処理ダイズサポニン、ダイズサポニン、チャ種子サポニン、ビ−トサポニン、ユッカフォ−ム抽出物の少なくとも1種以上から成る、(1)又は(2)に記載の海苔養殖用の殺藻剤。
(4)水及び/又は海水で希釈した処理液中のサポニンの濃度が0.00005〜0.2%であることを特徴とする(1)〜(3)に記載の海苔養殖用の殺藻剤。
(5)pHを1〜4の範囲に調整してなることを特徴とする(1)〜(4)に記載の海苔養殖用の殺藻剤。
(6)pH調整剤として、クエン酸、リンゴ酸、酒石酸、乳酸、プロピオン酸、フマル酸、コハク酸、ギ酸、酢酸、グルコン酸、アジピン酸、フィチン酸、ケトグルタル酸、イタコン酸、リン酸、塩酸、硫酸、硝酸の1種以上を含むことを特徴とする(1)〜(5)に記載の海苔養殖用の殺藻剤。
(7)無機塩類を添加することを特徴とする(1)〜(6)に記載の海苔養殖用の殺藻剤。
In order to solve the above problems, as a result of intensive studies, it was found that diatoms can be removed in a short time by treating with a treatment solution containing saponin, and the present invention has been completed. As the saponins, triterpene saponins, steroidal saponins, particularly enju saponins, kiraya saponins, enzyme-treated soybean saponins, soybean saponins, tea seed saponins, bite saponins and yuccaform extracts are preferred.
The acid components found so far, such as citric acid, acetic acid, lactic acid, phosphoric acid, etc., did not completely eliminate the diatom called tabularia, but the treatment agent based on the saponin of the present invention Then, it became possible to remove 100%.
That is, the present invention is as follows.
(1) An algicide for seaweed culture mainly composed of saponin.
(2) The algicide for seaweed cultivation according to (1), wherein the saponin comprises at least one of a triterpene saponin and a steroid saponin.
(3) The saponin is composed of at least one of Enjusaponin, Quillaja saponin, enzyme-treated soybean saponin, soybean saponin, tea seed saponin, beatosaponin, yuccaform extract, according to (1) or (2) Algae killer for nori culture.
(4) The saponin concentration in the treatment liquid diluted with water and / or seawater is 0.00005 to 0.2%, wherein the alga for aquaculture as described in (1) to (3) Agent.
(5) The algicidal agent for laver cultivation according to (1) to (4), wherein the pH is adjusted to a range of 1 to 4.
(6) As pH adjusters, citric acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, lactic acid, propionic acid, fumaric acid, succinic acid, formic acid, acetic acid, gluconic acid, adipic acid, phytic acid, ketoglutaric acid, itaconic acid, phosphoric acid, hydrochloric acid The algicidal agent for nori culture according to any one of (1) to (5), comprising at least one of sulfuric acid and sulfuric acid.
(7) The algicidal agent for seaweed culture according to (1) to (6), wherein inorganic salts are added.
サポニンを含有する処理液に、海苔が付着する海苔網を浸漬することにより、短時間で珪藻を駆除することができる。 Diatoms can be removed in a short time by immersing a laver net to which the laver adheres in a treatment liquid containing saponin.
本発明の実施の形態を詳しく説明する。
本発明の殺藻殺菌剤は、サポニンを主成分としており、殺藻の処理時に海水又は水に希釈溶解、或いはそのまま使用され、海苔養殖時に発生する雑藻の駆除又は雑藻が海苔に着生することの予防を行うものである。
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail.
The algicidal fungicide of the present invention contains saponin as a main component, diluted and dissolved in seawater or water at the time of algal killing treatment, or used as it is, and extermination of miscellaneous algae generated during nori cultivation or miscellaneous algal growth on laver It is to prevent that.
本発明の殺藻殺菌剤のpH調整剤としては、クエン酸、リンゴ酸、酒石酸、乳酸、プロピオン酸、フマル酸、コハク酸、ギ酸、酢酸、グルコン酸、アジピン酸、フィチン酸、ケトグルタル酸、イタコン酸、リン酸、塩酸、硫酸、硝酸の1種以上を使用することができる。 As the pH adjuster of the algicidal fungicide of the present invention, citric acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, lactic acid, propionic acid, fumaric acid, succinic acid, formic acid, acetic acid, gluconic acid, adipic acid, phytic acid, ketoglutaric acid, itacone One or more of acid, phosphoric acid, hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid and nitric acid can be used.
本発明で使用する無機塩類としては、次のものがあげられる。
無機塩類として具体的には、塩化ナトリウム、塩化マグネシウム、塩化カルシウム、塩化カリウム、塩化アンモニウム、硫酸ナトリウム、硫酸マグネシウム、硫酸カルシウム、硫酸カリウム、硫酸アンモニウム、硝酸ナトリウム、硝酸マグネシウム、硝酸カルシウム、硝酸カリウム、硝酸アンモニウム、塩化鉄、硫酸鉄、硝酸鉄、リン酸ナトリウム、リン酸マグネシウム、リン酸カルシウム、リン酸カリウム、リン酸アンモニウムの中から選ばれた1種または2種以上のものを用いることができる。
使用する無機塩類の量は0.5〜10.0%が好ましい。
Examples of the inorganic salts used in the present invention include the following.
Specific examples of inorganic salts include sodium chloride, magnesium chloride, calcium chloride, potassium chloride, ammonium chloride, sodium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, calcium sulfate, potassium sulfate, ammonium sulfate, sodium nitrate, magnesium nitrate, calcium nitrate, potassium nitrate, ammonium nitrate, One or more selected from iron chloride, iron sulfate, iron nitrate, sodium phosphate, magnesium phosphate, calcium phosphate, potassium phosphate, and ammonium phosphate can be used.
The amount of the inorganic salt used is preferably 0.5 to 10.0%.
また、本発明の殺藻剤には、必要により肥料成分として、アミノ酸、塩安、硝酸ソーダ、硝安、硝酸カリウム、リン酸ソーダ、燐安、リン酸カリウム、硫安、糖類等を添加することもできる。 In addition, if necessary, amino acid, ammonium sulfate, sodium nitrate, ammonium nitrate, potassium nitrate, sodium phosphate, phosphate, potassium phosphate, ammonium sulfate, saccharides and the like can be added to the algicidal agent of the present invention as fertilizer components. .
本発明を実施するときは、前記サポニンを海水もしくは水で希釈又は溶解して使用する。
pH調整剤を併用する場合には、前記サポニンとpH調整剤を処理液に別々に添加溶解して使用することができる。前もってpH調整用の酸と前記サポニンを混合した粉剤もしくは溶解した製剤を製造しておくこともできる。
When practicing the present invention, the saponin is diluted or dissolved with seawater or water.
When a pH adjuster is used in combination, the saponin and the pH adjuster can be separately added and dissolved in the treatment liquid. It is also possible to prepare a powder or a dissolved preparation in which an acid for pH adjustment and the saponin are mixed in advance.
試験例1により前記サポニン0.00005〜0.2%を含有する処理液にpH調整剤を用いると珪藻の駆除効果を高めることができ、短時間での処理が可能であることがわかる。また、サポニンを0.2%以上含有すると海苔が40秒という短い時間で傷む為、使用できないことが分かる。試験例2ではpHが5以上であると効果がなくなることを示している。試験例3からは、処理時に塩等の塩類を添加することにより珪藻の駆除効果が高くなることがわかる。 It can be seen from Test Example 1 that when a pH adjuster is used in the treatment liquid containing 0.00005 to 0.2% of the saponin, the diatom extermination effect can be enhanced and treatment in a short time is possible. Further, it can be seen that when 0.2% or more of saponin is contained, the seaweed is damaged in a short time of 40 seconds and cannot be used. Test Example 2 shows that the effect is lost when the pH is 5 or more. From Test Example 3, it can be seen that the diatom control effect is enhanced by adding salts such as salt during the treatment.
(試験例1)
海水を用いて表1に示した組成の処理液を調整し、珪藻が付着した海苔葉体を一定時間(10秒、20秒、30秒、40秒、50秒、1分、1.5分、2分、2.5分、3分間)処理した後、滅菌海水にて洗浄した。処理2日後に珪藻の駆除効果を顕微鏡で調査した。
結果は表1に示す。
(Test Example 1)
The treatment liquid having the composition shown in Table 1 was prepared using seawater, and the laver leaf body to which diatoms adhered was fixed for a certain period of time (10 seconds, 20 seconds, 30 seconds, 40 seconds, 50 seconds, 1 minute, 1.5 minutes). (2 minutes, 2.5 minutes, 3 minutes), and then washed with sterilized seawater. Two days after the treatment, the diatom control effect was examined with a microscope.
The results are shown in Table 1.
(試験例2)
海水を用いて表2に示した組成の処理液を調整し、珪藻が付着した海苔葉体を一定時間(10秒、20秒、30秒、40秒、50秒、1分、1.5分、2分、3分)処理した後、滅菌海水にて洗浄した。処理2日後に珪藻の駆除効果を顕微鏡で調査した。結果は表2に示す。なお、pHは塩酸で調整した。
(Test Example 2)
The treatment liquid having the composition shown in Table 2 was prepared using seawater, and the laver leaf body to which diatoms adhered was fixed for a certain period of time (10 seconds, 20 seconds, 30 seconds, 40 seconds, 50 seconds, 1 minute, 1.5 minutes). (2 minutes, 3 minutes) After the treatment, it was washed with sterilized seawater. Two days after the treatment, the diatom control effect was examined with a microscope. The results are shown in Table 2. The pH was adjusted with hydrochloric acid.
(試験例3)
海水を用いて表3に示した組成の処理液を調整し、珪藻が付着した海苔葉体を一定時間(10秒、20秒、30秒、40秒、50秒、1分、1.5分、2分、2.5分、3分間)処理した後、滅菌海水にて洗浄した。処理2日後に珪藻の駆除効果を顕微鏡で調査した。
結果は表3に示す。
(Test Example 3)
The treatment liquid having the composition shown in Table 3 was prepared using seawater, and the laver leaf body to which diatoms adhered was fixed for a certain period of time (10 seconds, 20 seconds, 30 seconds, 40 seconds, 50 seconds, 1 minute, 1.5 minutes). (2 minutes, 2.5 minutes, 3 minutes), and then washed with sterilized seawater. Two days after the treatment, the diatom control effect was examined with a microscope.
The results are shown in Table 3.
海苔養殖における珪藻を短時間で駆除することが可能となる。 It is possible to remove diatoms in nori culture in a short time.
Claims (7)
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JP2004299724A JP4695377B2 (en) | 2004-10-14 | 2004-10-14 | Algicide |
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JP2004299724A JP4695377B2 (en) | 2004-10-14 | 2004-10-14 | Algicide |
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JP4695377B2 true JP4695377B2 (en) | 2011-06-08 |
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CN108718740A (en) * | 2018-06-05 | 2018-11-02 | 四川槐金生物科技有限公司 | Using mulch to the method for golden Chinese scholartree cuttage and seedling culture |
CN108718739A (en) * | 2018-06-05 | 2018-11-02 | 四川槐金生物科技有限公司 | Golden Chinese scholartree cuttage and seedling culture method |
CN108718741A (en) * | 2018-06-05 | 2018-11-02 | 四川槐金生物科技有限公司 | Using floor heating to the method for golden Chinese scholartree cuttage and seedling culture |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS57188509A (en) * | 1981-05-16 | 1982-11-19 | Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd | Aquatic organism-encrusting preventive |
JPH041110A (en) * | 1990-04-14 | 1992-01-06 | Dowa Mining Co Ltd | Algicidal composition |
JP2002053409A (en) * | 2000-08-14 | 2002-02-19 | Daiichi Seimou Co Ltd | Algicidal bactericide |
JP2004035488A (en) * | 2002-07-04 | 2004-02-05 | Daiichi Seimou Co Ltd | Algacide |
-
2004
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Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS57188509A (en) * | 1981-05-16 | 1982-11-19 | Asahi Chem Ind Co Ltd | Aquatic organism-encrusting preventive |
JPH041110A (en) * | 1990-04-14 | 1992-01-06 | Dowa Mining Co Ltd | Algicidal composition |
JP2002053409A (en) * | 2000-08-14 | 2002-02-19 | Daiichi Seimou Co Ltd | Algicidal bactericide |
JP2004035488A (en) * | 2002-07-04 | 2004-02-05 | Daiichi Seimou Co Ltd | Algacide |
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