JP4683548B2 - Desiccant ventilator - Google Patents

Desiccant ventilator Download PDF

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JP4683548B2
JP4683548B2 JP2005215683A JP2005215683A JP4683548B2 JP 4683548 B2 JP4683548 B2 JP 4683548B2 JP 2005215683 A JP2005215683 A JP 2005215683A JP 2005215683 A JP2005215683 A JP 2005215683A JP 4683548 B2 JP4683548 B2 JP 4683548B2
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敏彦 石沢
邦夫 三浦
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Shin Nippon Air Technologies Co Ltd
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Description

本発明は、室内の快適な空調状態を維持しながら、室内外空気の換気を可能としたデシカント式換気装置に関する。   The present invention relates to a desiccant-type ventilator capable of ventilating indoor and outdoor air while maintaining a comfortable indoor air-conditioning state.

近年、空調効率を向上させるために建物の密閉度を増して断熱性を高めた結果、建材や内装材などに含まれる有害化学物質が飛散して、室内に充満することによるシックハウスなどの健康被害が問題となっている。そのため、平成15年の建築基準法改正〔シックハウス対策に係る建築基準法等の一部改正〕により、原則として、全ての住戸に対し0.5回/h以上の強制又は機械換気設備設置が義務づけられるようになり、室内換気の必要性が益々重要視されている。   In recent years, as a result of increasing the airtightness of buildings and improving heat insulation to improve air conditioning efficiency, harmful chemical substances contained in building materials and interior materials are scattered and filled into the room, resulting in health damage such as sick houses Is a problem. Therefore, the Building Standards Act Amendment in 2003 (partial amendments to the Building Standards Act concerning Sick House Countermeasures), in principle, compulsory or more than 0.5 times / h or mechanical ventilation equipment installation is required for all dwelling units The need for room ventilation is becoming increasingly important.

ところが、換気扇等によって、室内の空気を強制的に排気して給気口などから外気を直接給気する方法の場合は、冷暖房設備を作動させて室内外の空気状態の差が大きくなる冬季や夏季においては、空気調整されていない外気が直接室内に供給されることになるため、室内の空気状態を維持できず、これらの時期にはほとんど換気が行われていない実情にあった。   However, in the case of a method in which indoor air is forcibly exhausted by a ventilation fan or the like and the outside air is directly supplied from an air supply port or the like, the air conditioner is activated to increase the difference between the indoor and outdoor air conditions. In the summer, outside air that has not been air-conditioned is supplied directly into the room, so that the air condition in the room cannot be maintained, and there is a situation in which ventilation is not performed during these periods.

この問題を解決するため、外気の空気調和を行った後、室内に給気する換気装置が幾つか提案されている。例えば、下記特許文献1では、特殊加工紙からなる仕切板間に特殊加工紙で多層の流路を形成した全透過式全熱交換器を備え、前記全透過式全熱交換器の流路に、室外からの給気と室内からの排気を交互に交差するように通過させ、給気と排気との間で全熱交換を行うようにした換気装置が開示されている。また、下記特許文献2では、冷熱源機および温熱源機を備え、外気を室内の設定温度に近似させるように冷却減湿または加熱加湿してから室内に給気を行う外気調和機が開示されている。   In order to solve this problem, some ventilators for supplying air into the room after air conditioning of outside air have been proposed. For example, in the following Patent Document 1, a total permeation type total heat exchanger in which a multilayer flow path is formed of specially processed paper between partition plates made of specially processed paper is provided, A ventilator is disclosed in which supply air from the outside and exhaust from the room are alternately passed so as to perform total heat exchange between the supply air and the exhaust. Patent Document 2 listed below discloses an outdoor air conditioner that includes a cold heat source device and a heat source device, and cools and dehumidifies or heats and humidifies the outside air so as to approximate the indoor set temperature, and then supplies the air to the room. ing.

ところで近年は、省エネルギーのための排熱利用が可能である、ランニングコストの低減が可能である、フロンを使用しないことにより地球の温暖化を防止できる、二酸化炭素排出量の削減が可能である等の利点を有するデシカント空調機が主に潜熱負荷の多いスーパーマーケット、食品工場、病院、介護施設、ホテル等の建物を中心に設置されている。   By the way, in recent years, waste heat can be used to save energy, running costs can be reduced, global warming can be prevented by not using CFCs, and carbon dioxide emissions can be reduced. The desiccant air conditioner having the above advantages is installed mainly in buildings such as supermarkets, food factories, hospitals, nursing homes and hotels where the latent heat load is large.

前記デシカント空調は、潜熱処理に特徴を有する空調方法で、従来一般の冷凍機を使用した空調方法と対比すると、従来一般の空調機では、露点温度より低い温度までの過冷却により凝縮させて除湿を行った後、所定の湿度・温度の給気を得るように再加熱を行っていたため、「除湿のための過冷却」というエネルギー的に無駄な行程を伴っていたのに対し、デシカント空調では潜熱処理と顕熱処理とを別々に分け、潜熱処理は吸湿剤(デシカント)を使用した除湿器によって処理を行い、顕熱処理は顕熱交換器、または冷凍機冷水を用いた冷却コイルによって処理を行う点に特徴を有し、湿度コントロールに優位性を有する空調システムとなっている。
特開平6−272919号公報 特開平6−265173号公報
The desiccant air conditioning is an air conditioning method characterized by latent heat treatment. Compared with the conventional air conditioning method using a refrigerator, the conventional air conditioning unit condenses by decooling to a temperature lower than the dew point temperature and dehumidifies. After being reheated, it was reheated to obtain a specified humidity and temperature, which was accompanied by a wasteful process of "supercooling for dehumidification", whereas in desiccant air conditioning The latent heat treatment and the sensible heat treatment are separated separately, the latent heat treatment is processed by a dehumidifier using a desiccant, and the sensible heat treatment is performed by a sensible heat exchanger or a cooling coil using chiller cold water. It is an air conditioning system that has features in terms and has superiority in humidity control.
JP-A-6-272919 JP-A-6-265173

しかしながら、前記特許文献1に記載される全透過式全熱交換器を備えた換気装置の場合は、熱効率が一般に冷房時が50%程度、暖房時が60%程度であり、室内外の中間的な状態の空気が供給されるものである。従って、室内外の空気状態(温度、湿度)の差が大きい時期には、室内空気を快適な状態に維持できない問題があった。   However, in the case of a ventilator equipped with an all-permeable total heat exchanger described in Patent Document 1, the thermal efficiency is generally about 50% during cooling and about 60% during heating, The air in the proper state is supplied. Accordingly, there is a problem that indoor air cannot be maintained in a comfortable state when the difference between the indoor and outdoor air conditions (temperature and humidity) is large.

また、前記特許文献2に記載される外気調和機は、大型オフィスビルなどにおいては適用されているものの、設備が大規模なものとなり、一般住宅などでは採算があわず、現実的な装置ではなかった。   In addition, the outdoor air conditioner described in Patent Document 2 is applied to large office buildings and the like, but the facilities are large-scale, and it is not profitable in ordinary houses and is not a realistic device. It was.

一方で、上記デシカント空調機は、省エネが可能であるとともに、冷媒を使用しないため環境に優しい空調機であることが知られているが、デシカント空調機は事前の外気冷却除湿処理として従来の空調機と併用して使用されることが多く、このデシカント方式を換気装置として活用することは、ほとんど過去に提案されていなかった。   On the other hand, the desiccant air conditioner is known to be an environment-friendly air conditioner because it can save energy and does not use a refrigerant. In many cases, it has been proposed that the desiccant method is used as a ventilation device in the past.

そこで本発明の主たる課題は、デシカント及び蓄熱材を用いた空気処理により、外気を室内空気条件の近似値まで冷却除湿又は加熱加湿した後、室内に供給可能としたデシカント式換気装置を提供することにある。   Therefore, the main problem of the present invention is to provide a desiccant type ventilator that can be supplied indoors after the outside air is cooled and dehumidified or heated and humidified to an approximate value of indoor air conditions by air treatment using a desiccant and a heat storage material. It is in.

前記課題を解決するために請求項1に係る本発明として、蓄熱体を内蔵し蓄熱槽又は放熱槽として機能する2槽一組の固体蓄熱槽を設けるとともに、吸着剤を内蔵し吸着槽又は脱着槽として機能する2槽一組のデシカント吸着槽を設け、一方の固体蓄熱槽と一方のデシカント吸着槽とを連結流路で繋ぐとともに、他方の固体蓄熱槽と他方のデシカント吸着槽とを連結流路で繋ぎ、かつ外気導入用又は排気用として、前記一方の固体蓄熱槽の他端と前記一方のデシカント吸着槽の他端とを夫々第1切換弁及び第2切換弁を介して連結する第1流路と、前記他方の固体蓄熱槽の他端と前記他方のデシカント吸着槽の他端とを夫々第3切換弁及び第4切換弁を介して連結する第2流路とを形成するとともに、給気用又は還気用として、前記他方の固体蓄熱槽の他端と前記他方のデシカント吸着槽とを夫々前記第1切換弁及び第2切換弁を介して連結する第3流路と、前記一方の固体蓄熱槽と前記一方のデシカント吸着槽とを夫々前記第3切換弁及び第4切換弁を介して連結する第4流路とを形成し、前記固体蓄熱槽およびデシカント吸着槽を巡り外気を室内へ給気可能とするとともに、前記固体蓄熱槽およびデシカント吸着槽を巡り室内空気を室外へ排気可能とし、かつ前記2槽一組の固体蓄熱槽の間で流路の切換を可能とするとともに、前記2槽一組のデシカント吸着槽の間で流路の切換を可能とし、外部への接続側においては、外気導入路が第5切換弁により前記第1流路と第2流路とに切換可能に接続されるとともに、排気流路が第6切換弁により前記第1流路と第2流路とに切換可能に接続され、室内側においては、還気流路が第7切換弁により前記第3流路と第4流路とに切換可能に接続されるとともに、給気流路が第8切換弁により前記第3流路と第4流路とに切換可能に接続されており、
冬季運転時は、前記各切換弁を夫々切り換えて、外気が放熱槽として機能する前記一方の固体蓄熱槽、脱着槽として機能する前記一方のデシカント吸着槽を順に巡り加熱加湿を行った後、室内に供給される給気用往流路と、還気が前記吸着槽として機能する前記他方のデシカント吸着槽、蓄熱槽として機能する前記他方の固体蓄熱槽を順に巡り除湿冷却を行った後、外部に排気される排気用復流路とが構成され、かつ所定時間毎に、前記第5切換弁、第6切換弁、第7切換弁及び第8切換弁の操作により、前記他方の固体蓄熱槽を前記給気用往流路の放熱槽として機能させるとともに、前記他方のデシカント吸着槽を前記給気用往流路の脱着槽として機能させ、前記一方の固体蓄熱槽を前記排気用復流路の蓄熱槽として機能させるとともに、前記一方のデシカント吸着槽を前記排気用復流路の吸着槽として機能させる運転状態が交互に切り換えられ、
夏季運転時は、前記各切換弁を夫々切り換えて、外気が吸着槽として機能する前記一方のデシカント吸着槽、蓄熱槽として機能する前記一方の固体蓄熱槽を順に巡り除湿冷却を行った後、室内に供給される給気用往流路と、還気が前記放熱槽として機能する前記他方の固体蓄熱槽、脱着槽として機能する前記他方のデシカント吸着槽を順に巡り加熱加湿を行った後、外部に排気される排気用復流路とが構成され、かつ所定時間毎に、前記第5切換弁、第6切換弁、第7切換弁及び第8切換弁の操作により、前記他方のデシカント吸着槽を前記給気用往流路の吸着槽として機能させるとともに、前記他方の固体蓄熱槽を前記給気用往流路の蓄熱槽として機能させ、前記一方の固体蓄熱槽を前記排気用復流路の放熱槽として機能させるとともに、前記一方のデシカント吸着槽を前記排気用復流路の脱着槽として機能させる運転状態が交互に切り換えられることを特徴とするデシカント式換気装置が提供される。
In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the present invention according to claim 1 is provided with a set of two solid heat storage tanks that incorporate a heat storage body and function as a heat storage tank or a heat dissipation tank, and have an adsorbent built-in and an adsorption tank or desorption. A set of two desiccant adsorption tanks functioning as tanks is provided, one solid heat storage tank and one desiccant adsorption tank are connected by a connecting flow path, and the other solid heat storage tank and the other desiccant adsorption tank are connected to each other. And connected to the other end of the one solid heat storage tank and the other end of the one desiccant adsorption tank through a first switching valve and a second switching valve, respectively, for connecting to the road and for introducing outside air or exhausting. And forming a first flow path and a second flow path for connecting the other end of the other solid heat storage tank and the other end of the other desiccant adsorption tank via a third switching valve and a fourth switching valve, respectively. For the supply air or return air A third flow path connecting the other end of the heat storage tank and the other desiccant adsorption tank via the first switching valve and the second switching valve, respectively, the one solid heat storage tank, and the one desiccant adsorption tank; with respectively through the third switching valve and the fourth switching valve forming a fourth channel for coupling to allow supply of outside air travels through the solid heat storage tank and the desiccant adsorption tank into the room, the solid heat storage It is possible to exhaust indoor air to the outside through the tank and the desiccant adsorption tank, and to switch the flow path between the set of two tanks and between the set of two desiccant adsorption tanks. On the connection side to the outside, the outside air introduction path is connected to the first flow path and the second flow path by the fifth switching valve, and the exhaust flow path is Switching to the first flow path and the second flow path by the sixth switching valve On the indoor side, the return air flow path is switchably connected to the third flow path and the fourth flow path by a seventh switching valve, and the air supply flow path is It is connected to the three flow paths and the fourth flow path so as to be switchable,
During winter operation, the respective switching valves respectively switched, after the outside air has Tsu line heating humidifying Tour of the one solid heat storage tank that functions as a radiator tank, a desiccant adsorption tank of the one that functions as a desorption tank in order, and air supply outward passage drawn into the room, the other desiccant adsorption tank return air functions as the suction tank, after the other solid heat storage tank that functions as a heat storage tank was Tsu rows Tour of dehumidification cooling in order An exhaust return flow path that is exhausted to the outside, and the other solid is operated by operating the fifth switching valve, the sixth switching valve, the seventh switching valve, and the eighth switching valve at predetermined time intervals. The heat storage tank functions as a heat radiating tank for the air supply forward flow path, the other desiccant adsorption tank functions as a desorption tank for the air supply forward flow path, and the one solid heat storage tank is used as the exhaust gas recovery tank. While functioning as a heat storage tank for the flow path, Operating condition to function serial one desiccant adsorption tank as adsorption tank of the exhaust condensate flow path is switched alternately,
During summer operation, the respective switching valves are switched respectively, after the outside air is Tsu line the one desiccant adsorption tank of functioning, Tour of the one solid heat storage tank that functions as a heat storage tank in order dehumidification cooling as adsorption tank, and air supply outward passage drawn into the room, the other solid heat storage tank return air functions as the heat dissipating bath, after the desiccant adsorption tank of the other functioning as a desorption vessel was Tsu rows heated humidified Tour of the order An exhaust return passage exhausted to the outside, and the other desiccant is operated by operating the fifth switching valve, the sixth switching valve, the seventh switching valve, and the eighth switching valve every predetermined time. The adsorption tank functions as an adsorption tank for the supply air flow path, the other solid heat storage tank functions as a heat storage tank for the supply air flow path, and the one solid heat storage tank serves as the exhaust gas recovery tank. While functioning as a heat dissipation tank for the flow path, Desiccant ventilator operating condition to function serial one desiccant adsorption vessel as desorption vessel of the exhaust condensate flow path, characterized in that it is alternately switched is provided.

上記請求項1に記載の本発明は、2槽の固体蓄熱槽の切換運転と、2槽のデシカント吸着槽との切換運転とによって連続運転に対応させたデシカント式換気装置の例である。   The present invention described in claim 1 is an example of a desiccant type ventilator adapted to continuous operation by switching operation of two solid heat storage tanks and switching operation of two desiccant adsorption tanks.

前記2槽の固体蓄熱槽の切換運転と、2槽のデシカント吸着槽との切換運転を行うことにより、外気と還気との温湿度交換が行われ、冬季運転時には低温低湿な外気が、また夏季運転時には高温多湿な外気が、室内の空気状態とほぼ同一の状態まで調整がされてから室内に供給をすることができる。これにより、還気に伴う室内の冷暖房効果の低下が抑制される。また、冷熱源機や温熱源機を必要とせず、コンパクトで構造が簡単な換気装置が可能となる。   By switching between the two solid heat storage tanks and switching between the two desiccant adsorption tanks, the temperature and humidity are exchanged between the outside air and the return air. During summer operation, the hot and humid outside air can be supplied to the room after being adjusted to a state almost identical to the indoor air condition. Thereby, the fall of the indoor air conditioning effect accompanying return air is suppressed. In addition, a cooling device with a simple structure is possible without the need for a cold heat source device or a hot heat source device.

請求項に係る本発明として、前記デシカント吸着槽に対し、水分の強制脱着のためにマグネトロン加熱器を備える請求項1記載のデシカント式換気装置が提供される。 As the present invention according to claim 2, relative to the desiccant adsorption tank, desiccant ventilator of claim 1 Symbol mounting comprises a magnetron heater for forced desorption of moisture is provided.

上記請求項に記載の本発明は、マグネトロン加熱器により吸着剤を加熱し、強制的に吸着剤の水分脱着を促進することができる。 In the present invention described in claim 2 , the adsorbent can be heated by a magnetron heater to forcibly promote moisture desorption of the adsorbent.

請求項に係る本発明として、外気温度を測定する温度測定手段と、外気湿度を測定する湿度測定手段とを備え、前記測定温度及び測定湿度に基づき前記デシカント式換気装置の運転状態を夏季運転モードか冬季運転モードかにすべきかを判定するとともに、前記デシカント式換気装置に対して夏季又は冬季運転の設定を行う制御器を備える請求項1、2いずれかに記載のデシカント式換気装置が提供される。 According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a temperature measuring means for measuring the outside air temperature and a humidity measuring means for measuring the outside air humidity, and the operation state of the desiccant type ventilator based on the measured temperature and the measured humidity is determined as a summer operation. 3. A desiccant ventilator according to claim 1 , further comprising a controller for determining whether the mode should be a winter operation mode and setting the desiccant ventilator in summer or winter operation. Is done.

上記請求項記載の発明は、デシカント式換気装置における操作の省力化に伴い、外気温度を測定する温度測定手段と、外気湿度を測定する湿度測定手段と備え、前記測定温度及び測定湿度に基づき前記デシカント式換気装置の運転状態を夏季運転モードか冬季運転モードかにすべきかを判定するとともに、前記デシカント式換気装置に対して夏季又は冬季運転の設定を行う制御器を備えるようにしたものである。
The invention according to claim 3 is provided with a temperature measuring means for measuring the outside air temperature and a humidity measuring means for measuring the outside air humidity in accordance with the labor saving of the operation in the desiccant type ventilator, and based on the measuring temperature and the measuring humidity. In addition to determining whether the operating state of the desiccant ventilator should be a summer operation mode or a winter operation mode, a controller for setting the desiccant ventilator in summer or winter operation is provided. is there.

以上詳説のとおり本発明によれば、デシカント及び蓄熱材を用いた空気処理により、外気を室内空気条件の近似値まで冷却除湿又は加熱加湿した後、室内に供給可能となる。   As described above in detail, according to the present invention, the outside air can be supplied to the room after being cooled and dehumidified or heated and humidified to an approximate value of the room air condition by the air treatment using the desiccant and the heat storage material.

以下、本発明の実施の形態について図面を参照しながら詳述する。   Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

〔第1形態例〕
図1は、本発明の第1形態例に係るデシカント式換気装置のシステム構成図であり、図2は冬季運転(パターン1)状態図、図3は冬季運転(パターン2)状態図、図4は夏季運転(パターン1)状態図、図5は夏季運転(パターン2)状態図である。
[First embodiment]
1 is a system configuration diagram of a desiccant-type ventilator according to a first embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a winter operation (pattern 1) state diagram, FIG. 3 is a winter operation (pattern 2) state diagram, and FIG. Is a summer operation (pattern 1) state diagram, and FIG. 5 is a summer operation (pattern 2) state diagram.

〔デシカント式換気装置1のシステム構成〕
本デシカント式換気装置1においては、図1に示されるように、蓄熱体を内蔵し蓄熱槽又は放熱槽として機能する2槽一組の固体蓄熱槽2A、2Bを設けるとともに、吸着剤(デシカント)を内蔵し吸着槽又は脱着槽として機能する2槽一組のデシカント吸着槽3A、3Bを設け、前記固体蓄熱槽2A、2Bの内の一方およびデシカント吸着槽3A、3Bの一方を巡り外気を室内へ給気可能とするとともに、前記固体蓄熱槽2A、2Bの他方およびデシカント吸着槽3A、3Bの他方を巡り室内空気を室外へ排気可能とするものであり、かつ前記2槽一組の固体蓄熱槽2A、2Bの間で流路が切換可能とされるとともに、前記2槽一組のデシカント吸着槽3A、3Bの間で流路が切換可能とされる。
[System configuration of desiccant type ventilator 1]
In this desiccant-type ventilator 1, as shown in FIG. 1, while providing a set of two solid heat storage tanks 2A and 2B that incorporate a heat storage body and function as a heat storage tank or a heat dissipation tank, an adsorbent (desiccant) A set of two desiccant adsorption tanks 3A and 3B functioning as an adsorption tank or a desorption tank is provided, and outside air is circulated through one of the solid heat storage tanks 2A and 2B and one of the desiccant adsorption tanks 3A and 3B. To the other of the solid heat storage tanks 2A and 2B and the other of the desiccant adsorption tanks 3A and 3B, and the indoor air can be exhausted to the outside. The flow path can be switched between the tanks 2A and 2B, and the flow path can be switched between the pair of desiccant adsorption tanks 3A and 3B.

具体的には、一方の固体蓄熱槽2Aと、一方のデシカント吸着槽3Aとを連結流路4で繋ぎ、他方の固体蓄熱槽2Bと、他方のデシカント吸着槽3Bとを連結流路5で繋ぐ。また、外気導入用又は排気用として一方の固体蓄熱槽2Aの他端と、一方のデシカント吸着槽3Aの他端とを夫々切換弁5A、6Aを介して連結する第1流路7と、他方の固体蓄熱槽2Bの他端と、他方のデシカント吸着槽3Bの他端とを夫々切換弁5B、6Bを介して連結する第2流路8が形成され、給気用又は還気用として、他方の固体蓄熱槽2Bの他端と、他方のデシカント吸着槽3Bとを夫々切換弁5B、6Bを介して連結する第3流路9と、一方の固体蓄熱槽2Aと一方のデシカント吸着槽3Aとを夫々切換弁5A、6Aを介して連結する第4流路10とが形成される。   Specifically, one solid heat storage tank 2A and one desiccant adsorption tank 3A are connected by a connection channel 4, and the other solid heat storage tank 2B and the other desiccant adsorption tank 3B are connected by a connection channel 5. . In addition, the first flow path 7 for connecting the other end of one solid heat storage tank 2A and the other end of one desiccant adsorption tank 3A via switching valves 5A and 6A, respectively, for introducing or exhausting outside air, and the other The second flow path 8 is formed to connect the other end of the solid heat storage tank 2B and the other end of the other desiccant adsorption tank 3B via the switching valves 5B and 6B, respectively. A third flow path 9 that connects the other end of the other solid heat storage tank 2B and the other desiccant adsorption tank 3B via switching valves 5B and 6B, one solid heat storage tank 2A, and one desiccant adsorption tank 3A, respectively. Are connected via the switching valves 5A and 6A, respectively.

また、外部への接続側においては、外気OA導入路が切換弁11により第1流路7と第2流路8との切換が可能とされるとともに、排気EA流路が切換弁12により第1流路7と第2流路8との切換が可能とされる。さらに、室内側においては、還気RA流路が切換弁13により第3流路9と第4流路10の切換が可能とされるとともに、給気SA流路が切換弁14により第3流路9と第4流路10の切換が可能とされる。また、外気OA導入路には給気ファン16が配設されるとともに、還気RA流路には排気ファン17が配設されている。   On the outside connection side, the outside air OA introduction path can be switched between the first flow path 7 and the second flow path 8 by the switching valve 11, and the exhaust EA flow path is switched by the switching valve 12. Switching between the first flow path 7 and the second flow path 8 is possible. Further, on the indoor side, the return air RA flow path can be switched between the third flow path 9 and the fourth flow path 10 by the switching valve 13, and the air supply SA flow path is switched by the switching valve 14 to the third flow. The path 9 and the fourth flow path 10 can be switched. An air supply fan 16 is disposed in the outside air OA introduction path, and an exhaust fan 17 is disposed in the return air RA flow path.

前記固体蓄熱槽2A、2Bは、岩石、コンクリート、土壌、煉瓦等の多孔質物質や相変換物質 (PCM:Phase Change Material)などの蓄熱性能に優れた顕熱蓄熱体を内蔵しており、気体が通過する際に蓄熱体の放熱および蓄熱の作用により、通過する気体の温度調整を行うことができる。この固体蓄熱槽2A、2Bは、運転時期によって、熱を蓄えた蓄熱体の放熱により通過する空気を加熱する放熱槽として機能させる場合と、通過する空気から熱を奪って蓄熱体に蓄熱する蓄熱槽として機能させる場合とがある。前記固体蓄熱槽2A、2Bにおける放熱槽/蓄熱槽の切換は切換弁11〜14による流路の切換によって行われる。なお、前記固体蓄熱槽2A、2Bの内部構造は、好ましくは複数の仕切板でジグザグ状の流路を構成し、流路長の長大化を図り、空気と蓄熱体との接触時間を増大させて熱交換の効率を上げることが望ましい。   The solid heat storage tanks 2A and 2B contain a sensible heat storage material with excellent heat storage performance, such as porous materials such as rock, concrete, soil, and bricks, and phase change materials (PCM). When the gas passes, the temperature of the passing gas can be adjusted by the action of heat dissipation and heat storage of the heat storage body. The solid heat storage tanks 2A and 2B have a case of functioning as a heat radiating tank that heats the air passing by heat radiation of the heat storage body that stores heat, and a heat storage that takes heat from the passing air and stores the heat in the heat storage body. Sometimes it functions as a tank. Switching between the heat radiating tank / heat storage tank in the solid heat storage tanks 2A and 2B is performed by switching the flow path using the switching valves 11-14. The internal structure of the solid heat storage tanks 2A and 2B preferably includes a plurality of partition plates to form a zigzag flow path to increase the flow path length and increase the contact time between air and the heat storage body. It is desirable to increase the efficiency of heat exchange.

前記デシカント吸着槽3A、3Bは、シリカゲル等の水分の吸脱着性能に優れた固形の吸着剤を内蔵しており、このデシカント吸着槽3A、3Bを気体が通過する際に、前記吸着剤による水分の吸・脱着作用により、通過する気体の湿度調整を行うことができる。前記デシカント吸着槽3A、3Bは、運転状態に応じて、吸着剤が吸着した水分を脱着し通過する空気を加湿する脱着槽として機能させる場合と、空気中の水分を吸着し通過する空気を除湿する吸着槽として機能させる場合とがある。前記デシカント吸着槽3A、3Bにおける脱着槽/吸着槽の切換は切換弁11〜14による流路の切換によって行われる。   The desiccant adsorption tanks 3A and 3B contain a solid adsorbent excellent in moisture adsorption / desorption performance such as silica gel, and when the gas passes through the desiccant adsorption tanks 3A and 3B, The humidity of the passing gas can be adjusted by the action of absorption and desorption of. The desiccant adsorption tanks 3A and 3B are configured to function as a desorption tank that desorbs moisture adsorbed by the adsorbent and humidifies the air that passes through the desiccant adsorption tanks 3A and 3B. Sometimes function as an adsorption tank. Switching between the desorption tank / adsorption tank in the desiccant adsorption tanks 3A, 3B is performed by switching the flow path using the switching valves 11-14.

また、前記デシカント吸着槽3A、3Bには、吸着剤の再生のためにマグネトロン加熱器15が配設される。前記マグネトロン加熱器15は、吸着剤に電磁波を照射して吸着した水分子を励振させて加熱し、水分の蒸発による再生(脱着)を促進するための装置である。なお、後述するように切換弁11〜14を切り換えて、加熱加湿流路と冷却除湿流路との入れ替えが行われた場合には、脱着槽側のマグネトロン加熱器15を作動させ、吸着剤の水分を蒸発させるようにする。   The desiccant adsorption tanks 3A and 3B are provided with a magnetron heater 15 for regeneration of the adsorbent. The magnetron heater 15 is an apparatus for accelerating regeneration (desorption) by evaporation of water by exciting and heating water molecules adsorbed by irradiating the adsorbent with electromagnetic waves. In addition, when the switching valves 11 to 14 are switched as described later and the heating / humidification flow channel and the cooling / dehumidification flow channel are switched, the magnetron heater 15 on the desorption tank side is operated, and the adsorbent Allow the water to evaporate.

〔冬季の運転状態〕
以下、冬季の運転状態を図2、図3及び図6に基づいて詳述する。
[Winter driving conditions]
Hereinafter, the winter driving state will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 2, 3 and 6.

換気運転は、図2に示されるように、一方側の固体蓄熱槽2Aを放熱槽、他方側の固体蓄熱槽2Bを蓄熱槽として機能させるとともに、一方側のデシカント吸着槽3Aを脱着槽、他方側のデシカント吸着槽3Bを吸着槽として機能させる運転状態と、図3に示されるように、一方側の固体蓄熱槽2Aを蓄熱槽、他方側の固体蓄熱槽2Bを放熱槽として機能させるとともに、一方側のデシカント吸着槽3Aを吸着槽、他方側のデシカント吸着槽3Bを脱着槽として機能させる運転状態とを所定時間毎に交互に繰り返すことによる。   As shown in FIG. 2, in the ventilation operation, the solid heat storage tank 2A on one side functions as a heat dissipation tank, the solid heat storage tank 2B on the other side functions as a heat storage tank, the desiccant adsorption tank 3A on the one side functions as a desorption tank, and the other The operation state in which the desiccant adsorption tank 3B on the side functions as an adsorption tank, and as shown in FIG. 3, the solid heat storage tank 2A on one side functions as a heat storage tank, and the solid heat storage tank 2B on the other side functions as a heat dissipation tank, This is because the operation state in which the desiccant adsorption tank 3A on one side functions as an adsorption tank and the desiccant adsorption tank 3B on the other side functions as a desorption tank is alternately repeated every predetermined time.

図2に示される冬季運転(パターン1)は、外気を室内に供給する往流路GFは、切換弁11流路を第1流路7側、切換弁14流路を第4流路10側とし、切換弁5Aを第1流路7側、切換弁6Aを第4流路10側とすることにより、外気OAが第1流路7を通り、一方側の固体蓄熱槽2A、一方側のデシカント吸着槽3A、第4流路10を通り室内に供給される。また、室内空気を外部に排気する復流路RFは、切換弁13流路を第3流路9側、切換弁12流路を第2流路8側とし、切換弁5Bを第2流路8側、切換弁6Bを第3流路9側とすることにより、還気RAが第3流路9を通り、他方側のデシカント吸着槽3B、他方側の固体蓄熱槽2B、第2流路8を通り外部に排気される。   In the winter operation shown in FIG. 2 (Pattern 1), the forward flow path GF for supplying outside air into the room is that the switching valve 11 flow path is on the first flow path 7 side and the switching valve 14 flow path is on the fourth flow path 10 side. By setting the switching valve 5A to the first flow path 7 side and the switching valve 6A to the fourth flow path 10 side, the outside air OA passes through the first flow path 7, and the solid heat storage tank 2A on one side, The desiccant adsorption tank 3 </ b> A and the fourth flow path 10 are supplied into the room. The return flow path RF for exhausting indoor air to the outside has the switching valve 13 flow path as the third flow path 9 side, the switching valve 12 flow path as the second flow path 8 side, and the switching valve 5B as the second flow path. By setting the switching valve 6B on the 8th side and the third flow path 9 side, the return air RA passes through the third flow path 9, and the desiccant adsorption tank 3B on the other side, the solid heat storage tank 2B on the other side, and the second flow path. 8 is exhausted to the outside.

往流路GFにおいては、給気ファン16により室外から送り込まれた外気OAが、一方側固体蓄熱槽2A(放熱槽)で加熱された後(図6の空気線図で点D→点E)、デシカント吸着槽3A(脱着槽)に送られて加湿され、給気SAとして室内に供給される(図6の空気線図で点E→点F)。   In the forward flow path GF, after the outside air OA sent from the outside by the air supply fan 16 is heated in the one-side solid heat storage tank 2A (heat radiation tank) (point D → point E in the air diagram of FIG. 6). Then, it is sent to the desiccant adsorption tank 3A (desorption tank), is humidified, and is supplied to the room as supply air SA (point E → point F in the air diagram of FIG. 6).

一方、復流路RFにおいて、還気ファン17により送り込まれた還気RAは、他方側デシカント吸着槽3B(吸着槽)で還気RAに含有された水分が吸着されて除湿され、それに伴い空気の温度は上昇する(図6の空気線図で点A→点B)。昇温した空気は、その後他方側固体蓄熱槽2B(蓄熱槽)に送り込まれ、該蓄熱槽2Bにおいて、蓄熱体に吸熱され自身は冷却された後、排気EAとして室外に排気される(図6の空気線図で点B→点C)。   On the other hand, in the return flow path RF, the return air RA sent by the return air fan 17 is dehumidified by adsorbing moisture contained in the return air RA in the other desiccant adsorption tank 3B (adsorption tank). Temperature rises (point A → point B in the air diagram of FIG. 6). The heated air is then sent to the other-side solid heat storage tank 2B (heat storage tank), in which the heat storage body 2B absorbs heat and cools itself, and is then exhausted to the outside as exhaust EA (FIG. 6). Point B → point C).

前記往流路GFの加熱加湿流路における放熱および脱着と、前記復流路RFの冷却除湿流路における吸着および蓄熱とが所定時間行われると、吸着剤の吸脱着および蓄熱材の放蓄熱が飽和状態となるため、切換弁11〜14の操作により、流路を切り換え、図3の冬季運転(パターン2)に示されるように、他方側固体蓄熱槽2Bを往流路GFの放熱槽、他方側デシカント吸着槽3Bを往流路GFの脱着槽とし、一方側固体蓄熱槽2Aを復流路RFの蓄熱槽、一方側デシカント吸着槽3Aを復流路RFの吸着槽とする運転状態とする。この切換え操作により、放熱槽と蓄熱槽および脱着槽と吸着槽の役割が逆転して、固体蓄熱槽2A、2Bでは、蓄熱槽で蓄熱した熱を放熱槽の熱源として利用することができるようになり、またデシカント吸着槽3A、3Bでは、吸着槽で吸着した水分を脱着槽の加湿源として利用することができるようになる。上記流路の切り換えを所定時間毎に繰り返し行うことにより連続運転が可能となる。   When heat dissipation and desorption in the heating / humidification channel of the forward channel GF and adsorption and heat storage in the cooling / dehumidification channel of the return channel RF are performed for a predetermined time, the adsorption / desorption of the adsorbent and the heat storage / release heat of the heat storage material are generated. Since the saturated state is reached, the flow path is switched by the operation of the switching valves 11 to 14, and as shown in the winter operation (pattern 2) in FIG. 3, the other-side solid heat storage tank 2B is connected to the heat dissipation tank of the forward flow path GF, An operating state in which the other-side desiccant adsorption tank 3B is a desorption tank for the forward flow path GF, the one-side solid heat storage tank 2A is a heat storage tank for the return flow path RF, and the one-side desiccant adsorption tank 3A is an adsorption tank for the return flow path RF. To do. By this switching operation, the roles of the heat radiating tank, the heat storage tank, the desorption tank, and the adsorption tank are reversed, and in the solid heat storage tanks 2A and 2B, the heat stored in the heat storage tank can be used as the heat source of the heat radiating tank. In addition, in the desiccant adsorption tanks 3A and 3B, the moisture adsorbed in the adsorption tank can be used as a humidification source of the desorption tank. Continuous operation is possible by repeatedly switching the flow path at predetermined intervals.

なお、前述のように、デシカント吸着槽3A、3Bの脱着槽、吸着槽にそれぞれ配設されたマグネトロン加熱器15は、流路切換の直前に、空気を加湿する脱着槽側のマグネトロン加熱器15を作動させ吸着剤の水分を蒸発させるようにするのが望ましい。   As described above, the magnetron heater 15 provided in the desorption tanks and adsorption tanks of the desiccant adsorption tanks 3A and 3B is a magnetron heater 15 on the desorption tank side that humidifies air immediately before switching the flow path. It is desirable that the water in the adsorbent be evaporated by operating the.

このように、所定時間毎に冷却除湿流路と加熱加湿流路とを入れ替えることにより、冷熱源や温熱源あるいは加湿装置を使用しないで、温湿度調整された外気を給気することが可能となり、クリーンで熱効率が良く、室内の空調を損なうことなく換気を行うことが可能となる。   In this way, by replacing the cooling and dehumidifying channel and the heating and humidifying channel every predetermined time, it becomes possible to supply outside air adjusted in temperature and humidity without using a cooling source, a heating source or a humidifying device. It is clean, heat efficient, and can be ventilated without compromising indoor air conditioning.

〔夏季運転状態〕
次に、夏季の運転状態を図4、図5及び図6に基づいて詳述する。
[Summer driving condition]
Next, the operation state in summer will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.

図4に示される夏季運転(パターン1)は、外気を室内に供給する往流路GFは、切換弁11流路を第1流路7側、切換弁14流路を第4流路10側とし、切換弁6Aを第1流路7側、切換弁5Aを第4流路10側とすることにより、外気OAが第1流路7を通り、一方側のデシカント吸着槽3A、一方側の固体蓄熱槽2A、第4流路10を通り室内に供給される。また、室内空気を外部に排気する復流路RFは、切換弁13流路を第3流路9側、切換弁12流路を第2流路8側とし、切換弁6Bを第2流路8側、切換弁5Bを第3流路9側とすることにより、還気RAが第3流路9を通り、他方側の固体蓄熱槽2B、他方側のデシカント吸着槽3B、第2流路8を通り外部に排気される。   In the summer operation (Pattern 1) shown in FIG. 4, the forward flow path GF for supplying outside air into the room has the switching valve 11 flow path on the first flow path 7 side and the switching valve 14 flow path on the fourth flow path 10 side. When the switching valve 6A is on the first flow path 7 side and the switching valve 5A is on the fourth flow path 10 side, the outside air OA passes through the first flow path 7, and the desiccant adsorption tank 3A on one side, The solid heat storage tank 2 </ b> A and the fourth flow path 10 are supplied into the room. The return flow path RF for exhausting indoor air to the outside has the switching valve 13 flow path as the third flow path 9 side, the switching valve 12 flow path as the second flow path 8 side, and the switching valve 6B as the second flow path. By setting the switching valve 5B to the third flow path 9 side on the 8th side, the return air RA passes through the third flow path 9, and the solid heat storage tank 2B on the other side, the desiccant adsorption tank 3B on the other side, and the second flow path. 8 is exhausted to the outside.

往流路GFにおいては、給気ファン16により室外から送り込まれた外気OAが、一方側デシカント吸着槽3A(吸着槽)で空気中の水分を吸着することにより加熱乾燥された後(図6の空気線図で点P→点Q)、一方側の固体蓄熱槽2Aで蓄熱材に熱を蓄熱させ自身は冷却された後、室内に供給される(図6の空気線図で点Q→点R)。   In the forward flow path GF, after the outside air OA sent from the outside by the air supply fan 16 is heated and dried by adsorbing moisture in the air in the one-side desiccant adsorption tank 3A (adsorption tank) (see FIG. 6). In the air diagram, point P → point Q), in the solid heat storage tank 2A on one side, heat is stored in the heat storage material, and after cooling itself, it is supplied indoors (point Q → point in the air diagram of FIG. 6). R).

一方、復流路RFにおいて、還気ファン17により送り込まれた還気RAは、他方側固体蓄熱槽2Bの放熱により加熱された後(図6の空気線図で点X→点Y)、他方側デシカント吸着槽3Bにおいて吸着剤の脱着により冷却加湿された後、排気EAとして室外に排気される(図6の空気線図で点Y→点Z)。   On the other hand, in the return flow path RF, the return air RA sent by the return air fan 17 is heated by the heat radiation of the other-side solid heat storage tank 2B (point X → point Y in the air diagram of FIG. 6), then the other After being cooled and humidified by desorption of the adsorbent in the side desiccant adsorption tank 3B, it is exhausted to the outside as exhaust EA (point Y → point Z in the air diagram of FIG. 6).

前記往流路GFの冷却除湿流路における吸着および蓄熱と、前記復流路RFの加熱加湿流路における放熱および脱着とが所定時間行われると、吸着剤の吸脱着および蓄熱材の放蓄熱が飽和状態となるため、切換弁11〜14の操作により、流路を切り換え、図5の夏季運転(パターン2)に示されるように、他方側デシカント吸着槽3Bを往流路GFの吸着槽、他方側固体蓄熱槽2Bを往流路GFの蓄熱槽とし、一方側固体蓄熱槽2Aを復流路RFの放熱槽、一方側デシカント吸着槽3Aを復流路RFの脱着槽とする運転状態とする。この切換え操作により、放熱槽と蓄熱槽および脱着槽と吸着槽の役割が逆転して、固体蓄熱槽2A、2Bでは、蓄熱槽で蓄熱した熱を放熱槽の熱源として利用することができるようになり、またデシカント吸着槽3A、3Bでは、吸着槽で吸着した水分を脱着槽の加湿源として利用することができるようになる。上記流路の切り換えを所定時間毎に繰り返し行うことにより連続運転が可能となる。   When adsorption and heat storage in the cooling and dehumidification channel of the forward channel GF and heat dissipation and desorption in the heating and humidification channel of the return channel RF are performed for a predetermined time, the adsorption and desorption of the adsorbent and the heat storage and release heat of the heat storage material are generated. Since the saturated state is reached, the flow path is switched by the operation of the switching valves 11 to 14, and as shown in the summer operation (pattern 2) in FIG. An operating state in which the other-side solid heat storage tank 2B is a heat storage tank for the forward flow path GF, the one-side solid heat storage tank 2A is a heat dissipation tank for the return flow path RF, and the one-side desiccant adsorption tank 3A is a desorption tank for the return flow path RF. To do. By this switching operation, the roles of the heat radiating tank, the heat storage tank, the desorption tank, and the adsorption tank are reversed, and in the solid heat storage tanks 2A and 2B, the heat stored in the heat storage tank can be used as the heat source of the heat radiating tank. In addition, in the desiccant adsorption tanks 3A and 3B, the moisture adsorbed in the adsorption tank can be used as a humidification source of the desorption tank. Continuous operation is possible by repeatedly switching the flow path at predetermined intervals.

なお、前記冬季運転パターン1と冬季運転パターン2との切換制御及び夏季運転パターン1と夏季運転パターン2との切換制御は、蓄熱運転時間測定タイマー等に基づき、各切換弁5A〜6B、11〜14及びファン16,17の切換え制御を自動的に行うことが望ましい。   The switching control between the winter driving pattern 1 and the winter driving pattern 2 and the switching control between the summer driving pattern 1 and the summer driving pattern 2 are based on the heat storage operation time measurement timer and the like, and the switching valves 5A to 6B, 11 to 11, respectively. 14 and the fans 16 and 17 are preferably switched automatically.

〔第2形態例〕
次に、図7及び図8に示される第2形態例に係るデシカント式換気装置1’は、固体蓄熱槽及びデシカント吸着槽を夫々1槽とし、外気導入を行う給気モード運転と、室内空気の排気を行う排気モード運転とを交互に行うようにした例である。図7は冬季の運転パターン1とパターン2とを示し、図8は夏季の運転パターン1とパターン2とを示した図である。
[Second embodiment]
Next, the desiccant-type ventilator 1 ′ according to the second embodiment shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 uses a solid heat storage tank and a desiccant adsorption tank as one tank, and an air supply mode operation for introducing outside air, and indoor air This is an example in which the exhaust mode operation for exhausting the air is alternately performed. FIG. 7 shows winter driving patterns 1 and 2, and FIG. 8 shows summer driving patterns 1 and 2.

本デシカント換気装置1’においては、蓄熱体を内蔵し蓄熱槽又は放熱槽として機能する単一の固体蓄熱槽2を設けるとともに、吸着剤を内蔵し吸着槽又は脱着槽として機能する単一のデシカント吸着槽3を設け、流路の切り換えにより、前記固体蓄熱槽2およびデシカント吸着槽3を巡り外気を室内へ給気可能とするとともに、前記固体蓄熱槽2およびデシカント吸着槽3を巡り室内空気を室外へ排気可能とするものである。   In this desiccant ventilator 1 ', a single solid heat storage tank 2 is provided which has a heat storage body and functions as a heat storage tank or a heat dissipation tank, and a single desiccant which has an adsorbent and functions as an adsorption tank or a desorption tank. An adsorption tank 3 is provided, and by switching the flow path, outside air can be supplied indoors through the solid heat storage tank 2 and the desiccant adsorption tank 3, and indoor air is passed through the solid heat storage tank 2 and the desiccant adsorption tank 3. It is possible to exhaust outside the room.

具体的には、固体蓄熱槽2とデシカント吸着槽3とを流路20で繋ぐとともに、中間に給排気兼用ファン21を設ける。また、固体蓄熱槽2の他端と、デシカント吸着槽3の他端とを切換弁5、6を介して連結する第1流路22、固体蓄熱槽2の他端と、デシカント吸着槽3の他端とを切換弁5、6を介して連結する第2流路23とを設ける。   Specifically, the solid heat storage tank 2 and the desiccant adsorption tank 3 are connected by a flow path 20, and an air supply / exhaust fan 21 is provided in the middle. In addition, the first flow path 22 that connects the other end of the solid heat storage tank 2 and the other end of the desiccant adsorption tank 3 via switching valves 5 and 6, the other end of the solid heat storage tank 2, and the desiccant adsorption tank 3 A second flow path 23 that connects the other end via the switching valves 5 and 6 is provided.

〔冬季の運転状態〕
冬季の換気運転は、図7(A)に示されるように、給排気兼用ファン21を給気側運転とし、固体蓄熱槽2、デシカント吸着槽3の順で巡り、前記固体蓄熱槽2を放熱槽、前記デシカント吸着槽3を脱着槽として機能させる給気運転状態と、図7(B)に示されるように、給排気兼用ファン21を排気側運転とし、デシカント吸着槽3、固体蓄熱槽2の順で巡り、前記デシカント吸着槽3を吸着槽、前記固体蓄熱槽2を蓄熱槽として機能させる排気運転状態とを所定時間毎に繰り返すことによって行われる。
[Winter driving conditions]
In the winter ventilation operation, as shown in FIG. 7A, the supply / exhaust fan 21 is operated as the supply side operation, and the solid heat storage tank 2 and the desiccant adsorption tank 3 are visited in this order, and the solid heat storage tank 2 is radiated. The air supply operation state in which the desiccant adsorption tank 3 functions as a desorption tank, and as shown in FIG. 7B, the air supply / exhaust fan 21 is in the exhaust side operation, and the desiccant adsorption tank 3 and the solid heat storage tank 2 In this order, the desiccant adsorption tank 3 is used as an adsorption tank, and the exhaust operation state in which the solid heat storage tank 2 is used as a heat storage tank is repeated every predetermined time.

給気運転状態では、室外から送り込まれた外気OAが、固体蓄熱槽2(放熱槽)で加熱された後、デシカント吸着槽3(脱着槽)に送られて加湿され、給気SAとして室内に供給される。蓄熱体の放熱と吸着剤の脱着が所定時間以上行われると飽和状態となるため、放熱した蓄熱体および水分脱着した吸着剤を再生するために、排気運転が行われる。   In the air supply operation state, the outside air OA sent from the outside is heated in the solid heat storage tank 2 (heat radiating tank), then sent to the desiccant adsorption tank 3 (desorption tank) and humidified, and supplied as air supply SA indoors. Supplied. When the heat storage body and the adsorbent are desorbed for a predetermined time or longer, a saturated state is reached. Therefore, an exhaust operation is performed to regenerate the heat-regenerated heat storage body and the adsorbent from which moisture has been desorbed.

排気運転状態では、デシカント吸着槽3(吸着槽)で還気RAに含有された水分が吸着されて除湿され、それに伴い空気の温度は上昇する。昇温した空気は、その後固体蓄熱槽2(蓄熱槽)に送り込まれ、該蓄熱槽2において、蓄熱体に吸熱され冷却された後、排気EAとして室外に排気される。   In the exhaust operation state, moisture contained in the return air RA is adsorbed in the desiccant adsorption tank 3 (adsorption tank) and dehumidified, and the temperature of the air rises accordingly. The heated air is then sent to the solid heat storage tank 2 (heat storage tank), where it is absorbed by the heat storage body and cooled, and then exhausted to the outside as exhaust EA.

〔夏季の運転状態〕
夏季の換気運転は、図8(A)に示されるように、給排気兼用ファン21を給気側運転とし、デシカント吸着槽3、固体蓄熱槽2の順で巡り、前記デシカント吸着槽3を吸着槽、前記固体蓄熱槽2を蓄熱槽として機能させる給気運転状態と、図8(B)に示されるように、給排気兼用ファン21を排気側運転とし、固体蓄熱槽2、デシカント吸着槽3の順で巡り、固体蓄熱槽2を放熱槽、デシカント吸着槽3を脱着槽として機能させる排気運転状態とを所定時間毎に繰り返すことによって行われる。
[Summer driving conditions]
As shown in FIG. 8 (A), the ventilating operation in summer is performed with the air supply / exhaust fan 21 as the air supply side operation, and the desiccant adsorption tank 3 and the solid heat storage tank 2 are visited in this order, and the desiccant adsorption tank 3 is adsorbed. As shown in FIG. 8 (B), the solid heat storage tank 2 and the desiccant adsorption tank 3 are set to the exhaust side operation as shown in FIG. 8B. In this order, the solid heat storage tank 2 is used as a heat radiating tank and the desiccant adsorption tank 3 is used as a desorption tank.

給気運転状態では、室外から送り込まれた外気OAがデシカント吸着槽3(吸着槽)で空気中の水分を吸着することにより加熱乾燥された後、固体蓄熱槽2Aで蓄熱材に熱を蓄熱させ自身は冷却された後、室内に供給される。吸着剤の吸着及び蓄熱体の蓄熱が一定時間以上行われると飽和状態となるため、水分吸着した吸着剤及び蓄熱した蓄熱体を再生するために、排気運転が行われる。   In the air supply operation state, after the outdoor air OA sent from the outside is heated and dried by adsorbing moisture in the air in the desiccant adsorption tank 3 (adsorption tank), heat is stored in the heat storage material in the solid heat storage tank 2A. After being cooled, it is supplied to the room. When the adsorption of the adsorbent and the heat storage of the heat storage body are performed for a certain period of time or more, a saturated state is reached.

排気運転状態では、固体蓄熱槽2(放熱槽)で還気RAが加熱された後、デシカント吸着槽3において吸着剤の脱着により冷却加湿された後、排気EAとして室外に排気される。   In the exhaust operation state, after the return air RA is heated in the solid heat storage tank 2 (heat radiating tank), it is cooled and humidified by desorption of the adsorbent in the desiccant adsorption tank 3, and then exhausted to the outside as exhaust EA.

本第2形態例では、上述の給気運転と排気運転(再生運転)を所定時間後に切り換えて、室内の換気を行うものであり、給気時間及び排気時間が約1/2となるため換気効率の点で第1形態例より劣るものの、デシカント式換気装置のコンパクト化が可能となる。   In the second embodiment, the air supply operation and the exhaust operation (regeneration operation) described above are switched after a predetermined time to ventilate the room, and the air supply time and the exhaust time are about ½. Although it is inferior to the first embodiment in terms of efficiency, the desiccant ventilator can be made compact.

〔他の形態例〕
(1)上記固体蓄熱槽2A、2B、2としては、函体内部に蓄熱体を内蔵した構造が一般的に使用されるが、図9(A)に示されるように、フレキシブルダクト等のチューブ体の内部に蓄熱材を充填した構造としても良いし、図9(B)に示されるように、中空の柱状体の内部に蓄熱材を充填した構造としてもよい。前者の図9(A)の構造は、例えば天井裏などに配設する場合に好適な態様であり、後者の図9(B)の構造は、屋外に設置する場合に好適な態様である。これらの態様の場合は、任意の流路長を確保することが容易となり、空気と蓄熱材との接触機会を大きくして熱変換効率を高めることが可能である。
(2)上記デシカント式換気装置1、1’においては、冬季運転状態又は夏季運転状態の切り換えは、各切換弁5A〜6B、5,6、11〜14及びファン16,17、21の切換え制御によって行うことになるが、これらを手動で切換え操作することは煩雑であるため、外気温度を測定する温度測定手段と、外気湿度を測定する湿度測定手段とを設け、前記測定温度及び測定湿度に基づき前記デシカント式換気装置1、1’の運転状態を夏季運転モードか冬季運転モードかにすべきかを判定するとともに、前記デシカント式換気装置に対して夏季又は冬季運転の設定、具体的には前記各切換弁5A〜6B、5,6、11〜14及びファン16,17、21の切換え制御を行う制御器を設けるようにすれば、操作の省力化が図れるようになる。
[Other examples]
(1) As the solid heat storage tanks 2A, 2B, and 2, a structure in which a heat storage body is built in the box is generally used. However, as shown in FIG. A structure in which a heat storage material is filled in the body may be used, or as shown in FIG. 9B, a structure in which a heat storage material is filled in a hollow columnar body may be used. The former structure shown in FIG. 9A is a mode suitable for installation in, for example, a ceiling, and the latter structure shown in FIG. 9B is a mode suitable for installation outdoors. In the case of these aspects, it becomes easy to secure an arbitrary flow path length, and it is possible to increase the contact opportunity between the air and the heat storage material to increase the heat conversion efficiency.
(2) In the desiccant type ventilator 1, 1 ′, switching between the winter operation state or the summer operation state is performed by switching control of the switching valves 5A to 6B, 5, 6, 11 to 14 and the fans 16, 17, and 21. However, since it is cumbersome to manually switch between these, a temperature measuring means for measuring the outside air temperature and a humidity measuring means for measuring the outside air humidity are provided, and the measurement temperature and the measurement humidity are set to the measurement temperature and the measurement humidity. Based on whether the operation state of the desiccant ventilator 1, 1 ′ should be a summer operation mode or a winter operation mode, and setting the summer or winter operation for the desiccant ventilator, specifically, By providing a controller for performing switching control of each of the switching valves 5A to 6B, 5, 6, 11 to 14 and the fans 16, 17, and 21, it is possible to save operation.

本発明の第1形態例に係るデシカント式換気装置1のシステム構成図である。1 is a system configuration diagram of a desiccant ventilator 1 according to a first embodiment of the present invention. デシカント式換気装置1による冬季運転パターン1の流路状態図である。It is a flow-path state figure of the winter driving | running pattern 1 by the desiccant-type ventilation apparatus. デシカント式換気装置1による冬季運転パターン2の流路状態図である。It is a channel state figure of winter operation pattern 2 by desiccant type ventilation device. デシカント式換気装置1による夏季運転パターン1の流路状態図である。It is a flow-path state figure of the summer driving | operation pattern 1 by the desiccant-type ventilation apparatus. デシカント式換気装置1による夏季運転パターン2の流路状態図である。It is a flow-path state figure of the summer driving | operation pattern 2 by the desiccant-type ventilation apparatus. デシカント式換気装置1の空気線図を示す模式図である。It is a schematic diagram which shows the air line figure of the desiccant type ventilation apparatus. 本発明の第2形態例に係るデシカント式換気装置1’の、(A)は冬季運転パターン1の流路状態図、(B)は冬季運転パターン2の流路状態図である。FIG. 7A is a flow path state diagram of a winter operation pattern 1 and FIG. 5B is a flow path state diagram of a winter operation pattern 2 of a desiccant ventilator 1 ′ according to a second embodiment of the present invention. デシカント式換気装置1’の、(A)は夏季運転パターン1の流路状態図、(B)は夏季運転パターン2の流路状態図である。In the desiccant type ventilator 1 ′, (A) is a flow path state diagram of the summer operation pattern 1, and (B) is a flow path state diagram of the summer operation pattern 2. 本発明の他の形態例に係る固体蓄熱槽2A、2B、2の外観図である。It is an external view of solid thermal storage tank 2A, 2B, 2 which concerns on the other example of this invention.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

1・1’…デシカント式換気装置、2・2A・2B…固体蓄熱槽、3・3A・3B…デシカント吸着槽、4・5…連結流路、7…第1流路、8…第2流路、9…第3流路、10…第4流路、11〜14…切換弁、5A・5B・6A・6B…切換弁、15…マグネトロン加熱器、16…給気ファン、17…排気ファン、21…給排気兼用ファン、22…第1流路、23…第2流路   1. 1 '... Desiccant type ventilator, 2. 2A, 2B ... Solid heat storage tank, 3. 3A, 3B ... Desiccant adsorption tank, 4. 5 ... Connection channel, 7 ... First channel, 8 ... Second flow Path 9, third flow path 10, fourth flow path 11 -14, switching valve, 5 A, 5 B, 6 A, 6 B switching valve, 15 magnetron heater, 16 air supply fan, 17 exhaust fan , 21 ... Fan for supply and exhaust, 22 ... First flow path, 23 ... Second flow path

Claims (3)

蓄熱体を内蔵し蓄熱槽又は放熱槽として機能する2槽一組の固体蓄熱槽を設けるとともに、吸着剤を内蔵し吸着槽又は脱着槽として機能する2槽一組のデシカント吸着槽を設け、一方の固体蓄熱槽と一方のデシカント吸着槽とを連結流路で繋ぐとともに、他方の固体蓄熱槽と他方のデシカント吸着槽とを連結流路で繋ぎ、かつ外気導入用又は排気用として、前記一方の固体蓄熱槽の他端と前記一方のデシカント吸着槽の他端とを夫々第1切換弁及び第2切換弁を介して連結する第1流路と、前記他方の固体蓄熱槽の他端と前記他方のデシカント吸着槽の他端とを夫々第3切換弁及び第4切換弁を介して連結する第2流路とを形成するとともに、給気用又は還気用として、前記他方の固体蓄熱槽の他端と前記他方のデシカント吸着槽とを夫々前記第1切換弁及び第2切換弁を介して連結する第3流路と、前記一方の固体蓄熱槽と前記一方のデシカント吸着槽とを夫々前記第3切換弁及び第4切換弁を介して連結する第4流路とを形成し、前記固体蓄熱槽およびデシカント吸着槽を巡り外気を室内へ給気可能とするとともに、前記固体蓄熱槽およびデシカント吸着槽を巡り室内空気を室外へ排気可能とし、かつ前記2槽一組の固体蓄熱槽の間で流路の切換を可能とするとともに、前記2槽一組のデシカント吸着槽の間で流路の切換を可能とし、外部への接続側においては、外気導入路が第5切換弁により前記第1流路と第2流路とに切換可能に接続されるとともに、排気流路が第6切換弁により前記第1流路と第2流路とに切換可能に接続され、室内側においては、還気流路が第7切換弁により前記第3流路と第4流路とに切換可能に接続されるとともに、給気流路が第8切換弁により前記第3流路と第4流路とに切換可能に接続されており、
冬季運転時は、前記各切換弁を夫々切り換えて、外気が放熱槽として機能する前記一方の固体蓄熱槽、脱着槽として機能する前記一方のデシカント吸着槽を順に巡り加熱加湿を行った後、室内に供給される給気用往流路と、還気が前記吸着槽として機能する前記他方のデシカント吸着槽、蓄熱槽として機能する前記他方の固体蓄熱槽を順に巡り除湿冷却を行った後、外部に排気される排気用復流路とが構成され、かつ所定時間毎に、前記第5切換弁、第6切換弁、第7切換弁及び第8切換弁の操作により、前記他方の固体蓄熱槽を前記給気用往流路の放熱槽として機能させるとともに、前記他方のデシカント吸着槽を前記給気用往流路の脱着槽として機能させ、前記一方の固体蓄熱槽を前記排気用復流路の蓄熱槽として機能させるとともに、前記一方のデシカント吸着槽を前記排気用復流路の吸着槽として機能させる運転状態が交互に切り換えられ、
夏季運転時は、前記各切換弁を夫々切り換えて、外気が吸着槽として機能する前記一方のデシカント吸着槽、蓄熱槽として機能する前記一方の固体蓄熱槽を順に巡り除湿冷却を行った後、室内に供給される給気用往流路と、還気が前記放熱槽として機能する前記他方の固体蓄熱槽、脱着槽として機能する前記他方のデシカント吸着槽を順に巡り加熱加湿を行った後、外部に排気される排気用復流路とが構成され、かつ所定時間毎に、前記第5切換弁、第6切換弁、第7切換弁及び第8切換弁の操作により、前記他方のデシカント吸着槽を前記給気用往流路の吸着槽として機能させるとともに、前記他方の固体蓄熱槽を前記給気用往流路の蓄熱槽として機能させ、前記一方の固体蓄熱槽を前記排気用復流路の放熱槽として機能させるとともに、前記一方のデシカント吸着槽を前記排気用復流路の脱着槽として機能させる運転状態が交互に切り換えられることを特徴とするデシカント式換気装置。
Provided with a 2 bath set of solid heat storage tank incorporating a regenerator functions as a heat storage tank or radiator tank, provided with 2 tanks pair of desiccant adsorption tank which serves as an adsorption chamber or desorption tank incorporates an adsorbent, whereas The solid heat storage tank and one of the desiccant adsorption tanks are connected by a connection channel, the other solid heat storage tank and the other desiccant adsorption tank are connected by a connection channel, and the one of the above-mentioned A first flow path for connecting the other end of the solid heat storage tank and the other end of the one desiccant adsorption tank via a first switching valve and a second switching valve, the other end of the other solid heat storage tank, and the A second flow path connecting the other end of the other desiccant adsorption tank via a third switching valve and a fourth switching valve, respectively, and the other solid heat storage tank for supplying or returning air And the other desiccant adsorption tank in front of each other. A third flow path connected through the first switching valve and the second switching valve, and the one solid heat storage tank and the one desiccant adsorption tank are connected through the third switching valve and the fourth switching valve, respectively. Forming a fourth flow path, allowing the outside air to be supplied indoors through the solid heat storage tank and the desiccant adsorption tank, and allowing the indoor air to be exhausted to the outside through the solid heat storage tank and the desiccant adsorption tank, and thereby enabling switching the flow path between the two tanks a set of solid heat storage tank, said to enable switching of the flow path between the two tanks a set of desiccant adsorption tank, the side connected to the outside The outside air introduction path is switchably connected to the first flow path and the second flow path by a fifth switching valve, and the exhaust flow path is connected to the first flow path and the second flow path by a sixth switching valve. The return air flow path is switched to the seventh on the indoor side. The is connected switchably to the third passage and the fourth flow path, the air intake passage is connected switchably by the eighth switching valve to said third passage and the fourth flow path,
During winter operation, the respective switching valves respectively switched, after the outside air has Tsu line heating humidifying Tour of the one solid heat storage tank that functions as a radiator tank, a desiccant adsorption tank of the one that functions as a desorption tank in order, and air supply outward passage drawn into the room, the other desiccant adsorption tank return air functions as the suction tank, after the other solid heat storage tank that functions as a heat storage tank was Tsu rows Tour of dehumidification cooling in order An exhaust return flow path that is exhausted to the outside, and the other solid is operated by operating the fifth switching valve, the sixth switching valve, the seventh switching valve, and the eighth switching valve at predetermined time intervals. The heat storage tank functions as a heat radiating tank for the air supply forward flow path, the other desiccant adsorption tank functions as a desorption tank for the air supply forward flow path, and the one solid heat storage tank is used as the exhaust gas recovery tank. While functioning as a heat storage tank for the flow path, Operating condition to function serial one desiccant adsorption tank as adsorption tank of the exhaust condensate flow path is switched alternately,
During summer operation, the respective switching valves are switched respectively, after the outside air is Tsu line the one desiccant adsorption tank of functioning, Tour of the one solid heat storage tank that functions as a heat storage tank in order dehumidification cooling as adsorption tank, and air supply outward passage drawn into the room, the other solid heat storage tank return air functions as the heat dissipating bath, after the desiccant adsorption tank of the other functioning as a desorption vessel was Tsu rows heated humidified Tour of the order An exhaust return passage exhausted to the outside, and the other desiccant is operated by operating the fifth switching valve, the sixth switching valve, the seventh switching valve, and the eighth switching valve every predetermined time. The adsorption tank functions as an adsorption tank for the supply air flow path, the other solid heat storage tank functions as a heat storage tank for the supply air flow path, and the one solid heat storage tank serves as the exhaust gas recovery tank. While functioning as a heat dissipation tank for the flow path, Desiccant ventilator, characterized in that the operating state to function serial one desiccant adsorption vessel as desorption vessel of the exhaust condensate flow path is switched alternately.
前記デシカント吸着槽に対し、水分の強制脱着のためにマグネトロン加熱器を備える請求項1記載のデシカント式換気装置。 The relative desiccant adsorption tank, desiccant ventilator of claim 1 Symbol mounting comprises a magnetron heater for forced desorption of moisture. 外気温度を測定する温度測定手段と、外気湿度を測定する湿度測定手段とを備え、前記測定温度及び測定湿度に基づき前記デシカント式換気装置の運転状態を夏季運転モードか冬季運転モードかにすべきかを判定するとともに、前記デシカント式換気装置に対して夏季又は冬季運転の設定を行う制御器を備える請求項1、2いずれかに記載のデシカント式換気装置。 Whether the desiccant-type ventilator should be in the summer operation mode or the winter operation mode based on the measurement temperature and the measurement humidity, including temperature measurement means for measuring the outside air temperature and humidity measurement means for measuring the outside air humidity. The desiccant ventilator according to claim 1 , further comprising a controller configured to determine summer or winter operation for the desiccant ventilator.
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