JP4678391B2 - Lighting equipment - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a lighting device that uses a plurality of semiconductor light emitting elements such as light emitting diode chips as light sources.

  There is known an LED display having a plurality of light emitting diode chips constituting one pixel and a cover member surrounding these light emitting diode chips.

  The light emitting diode chips are mounted in a line on the printed wiring board. The cover member has one cavity for accommodating a light emitting diode chip for one pixel, and a synthetic resin sealing material is filled in the cavity. The sealing material is formed by integrally molding a light emitting die autochip for one pixel on a cover member. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses an LED display having such a configuration.

  In the LED display disclosed in Patent Document 1, a blue light emitting diode chip is included in a light emitting diode chip constituting one pixel. The blue light emitting diode chip has a sapphire substrate on which GaN-based compound semiconductors are stacked. The sapphire substrate is bonded to the printed wiring board with an insulating adhesive.

  According to Patent Document 1, an attempt is made to improve the luminance of the blue light emitting diode chip observed on the light emission observation surface facing the printed wiring board by reflecting the light toward the printed wiring board out of the blue light emitted from the blue light emitting diode chip. Has been made.

  Specifically, an insulating adhesive is used as a white reflective layer by mixing a filler such as alumina fine powder with an insulating adhesive that bonds a sapphire substrate to a printed wiring board. As a result, the blue light transmitted through the sapphire substrate of the blue light-emitting diode chip is reflected by the surface of the insulating adhesive that also serves as the reflective layer.

In other examples, a transparent adhesive containing no filler is used as the insulating adhesive, and a conductive material such as Al, Ni, Ag, or Pt is provided on the printed wiring board at a position corresponding to the sapphire substrate. The reflective layer is formed by vapor deposition or plating. Thereby, the blue light emission which permeate | transmits the sapphire board | substrate of a blue light emitting diode chip is guide | induced to the printed wiring board, and is reflected by the reflection layer.
Japanese Patent No. 3329573 (paragraphs 0004, 0010-0024, FIGS. 1 to 5)

  In Patent Document 1, in order to extract light efficiently, a reflective layer is formed at a location corresponding to the blue light emitting diode chip in the printed wiring board to enhance the light reflection characteristics of the printed wiring board.

  However, the reflective layer exists only in the portion corresponding to the blue light-emitting diode chip, and the area of the reflective layer is small from the overall size of the LED display. For this reason, in the technique of Patent Document 1, there is a concern that the brightness may be insufficient when used as a lighting device assuming a general lighting application. Therefore, there remains room for improvement in terms of obtaining practically sufficient light.

  Furthermore, according to Patent Document 1, a dedicated process for depositing or plating a conductive material on a specific portion of a printed wiring board or printing a paste mixed with a white filler is required. For this reason, there is a problem that it takes time to form the reflective layer and the manufacturing cost of the lighting device increases.

  An object of the present invention is to provide an illumination device that can easily form a reflective layer that reflects light emitted from a semiconductor light emitting element and that can efficiently extract light.

In order to achieve the above object, an illuminating device according to a first aspect of the present invention includes a translucent substrate and a semiconductor light emitting layer formed on the substrate, and a plurality of the light emitting devices arranged at intervals from each other. A semiconductor light emitting element; a white insulating reflective layer having a flat light reflecting surface formed continuously in the arrangement direction of the semiconductor light emitting elements; and bonding the substrate of the semiconductor light emitting element to the light reflecting surface A translucent adhesive layer for holding the semiconductor light emitting element on the insulating reflective layer; and a thickness smaller than a thickness of the substrate of the semiconductor light emitting element on the light reflecting surface of the insulating reflective layer. And a plurality of conductor portions to which the semiconductor light emitting element is electrically connected.

  In the present invention, a nitride semiconductor is preferably used as the semiconductor light emitting device. Furthermore, as a semiconductor light emitting element, a III-V group compound semiconductor, a II-IV group compound semiconductor, and an IV-IV group compound semiconductor can be used. As the substrate of the semiconductor light emitting device, a crystal substrate such as sapphire, quartz, SiC, or GaIN can be used. The color of light emitted from the semiconductor light emitting device may be any of blue, red, and green. At the same time, the colors of light emitted from the plurality of semiconductor light emitting elements may be different from each other, or all may be the same.

  In this invention, it is preferable that the white reflective layer is closer to 100% if the reflectance is 85% or more in a wavelength range of 420 nm to 740 nm. As this type of white reflective layer, a thermosetting resin material in which at least one of white powders such as aluminum oxide, titanium oxide, magnesium oxide, and barium sulfate is mixed in a sheet base material such as paper or cloth. An adhesive sheet impregnated with can be mentioned. This adhesive sheet is called a prepreg.

  Furthermore, silver plating can be used as the white reflective layer. The silver plating is laminated to a predetermined thickness on the surface of a base substrate made of, for example, metal or synthetic resin.

  In this invention, as the translucent adhesive layer, for example, an epoxy resin, a urea resin, an acrylic resin, or a silicone resin die bond material can be used. The adhesive layer has a thickness of 100 μm to 500 μm, and a light transmittance of 70% or more is preferably closer to 100%.

  As this type of adhesive layer, it is particularly preferable to use a silicone-based adhesive layer. The silicone-based adhesive layer has high light transmittance with respect to light in almost all wavelength ranges from ultraviolet rays to visible light. At the same time, the silicone-based adhesive layer is excellent in that deterioration such as discoloration hardly occurs even when light having a relatively short wavelength is irradiated for a long time.

  As the translucent adhesive layer, for example, low-melting glass can be used instead of the resin-based die bond material.

  In this invention, a conductor part can be formed by performing an etching process to metal foil like the copper foil laminated | stacked on the reflection layer, for example. Furthermore, when the reflective layer has conductivity, the conductor portion is bonded onto the reflective layer via an electrically insulating adhesive.

  The conductor portion on the reflective layer is electrically connected to a plurality of semiconductor light emitting elements by means such as wire bonding. The plurality of semiconductor light emitting elements are electrically connected to each other by a connection method in series, parallel, or a combination of series and parallel.

  Furthermore, in this invention, it is desirable to cover the reflective layer on which a plurality of semiconductor light emitting elements are mounted with a light-transmitting sealing member, and mold the semiconductor light emitting element with this sealing member. However, this sealing member is not an essential component and can be omitted.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the substrates of the plurality of semiconductor light emitting elements are bonded to each other on the flat light reflecting surface on which the plurality of conductor portions are formed via the light-transmitting adhesive layer. The semiconductor light emitting element is electrically connected to the conductor portion and is held side by side on the light reflecting surface by the adhesive layer.

With this configuration, an illumination device capable of surface light emission can be obtained. At the same time, in this illuminating device, light emitted from the semiconductor light emitting elements is reflected by substantially the entire region of the flat light reflecting surface that is continuous in the arrangement direction of the plurality of semiconductor light emitting elements. Therefore, light can be efficiently extracted in comparison with a case where light emitted from a plurality of semiconductor light emitting elements is reflected at a location corresponding to each semiconductor light emitting element. Moreover, the thickness of the conductor part is thinner than the thickness of the substrate of the semiconductor light emitting element. As a result, the proportion of light emitted laterally from the substrate being blocked by the conductor portion is reduced. Therefore, the loss of light accompanying interference with the conductor portion can be suppressed, which is a preferable configuration for extracting light efficiently.

In addition, since the substrate of the plurality of semiconductor light emitting elements on the insulating reflective layer is adhered, it is not necessary to form a reflective layer so as to correspond to each semiconductor light emitting element.

The invention according to claim 2 is the illuminating device according to claim 1 , further comprising a light diffusing member for diffusing light emitted from the semiconductor light emitting element, wherein the light diffusing member faces the reflective layer. It is said.

  According to the present invention, the light emitted directly from each semiconductor light emitting element toward the light diffusing member and the light reflected toward the light diffusing member by the reflection layer are diffused in the process of passing through the light diffusing member. Therefore, it is possible to reduce a visual impression that a plurality of semiconductor light emitting elements as light sources appear to be dispersed individually.

  In other words, the difference in luminance between the portion corresponding to the semiconductor light emitting element in the light diffusing member and its surroundings can be suppressed to be small, and it becomes difficult for each semiconductor light emitting element to be seen as a point light source. As a result, the presence of the semiconductor light emitting element is reduced, which is a preferable configuration for realizing surface light emission.

The invention according to claim 3 is the illumination device according to claim 1 , wherein the reflective layer also serves as an insulating layer, and the thickness of the insulating layer is in the range of 30 μm to 90 μm.

According to this invention, when the thickness of the insulating reflective layer is less than 30 μm, light is transmitted through the insulating reflective layer . Therefore, the reflectance of light is lowered and the insulation performance is lowered. Conversely, if the thickness of the insulating reflective layer exceeds 90 μm, the thermal resistance of the insulating reflective layer increases. As a result, the heat dissipation of the insulating reflective layer is lowered, and the heat of the semiconductor light emitting device cannot be efficiently released. Therefore, the life of the semiconductor light emitting element is adversely affected.

A lighting device according to a fourth aspect of the present invention includes a plurality of blue semiconductor light emitting elements having a translucent substrate and a semiconductor light emitting layer formed on the substrate and arranged at intervals from each other; It has a flat light reflecting surface formed so as to be continuous in the arrangement direction of the semiconductor light emitting element, the reflectance of light having a wavelength of 460 nm is 80% or more, and the reflectance of light having a wavelength of 550 nm is 85% or more. A white insulative reflective layer; and a translucent adhesive layer for holding the semiconductor light emitting element on the insulative reflective layer by adhering the substrate of the semiconductor light emitting element to the light reflecting surface ; A plurality of conductor portions provided on the light reflecting surface of the insulating reflective layer so as to have a thickness smaller than the thickness of the substrate of the semiconductor light emitting element and to which the semiconductor light emitting element is electrically connected; Semiconductor light emitting element, the conductor part, and the above A sealing member provided so as to cover the light reflecting surface of the edge reflective layer and mixed with a phosphor that converts the wavelength of blue light emitted from the semiconductor light emitting element into yellow light. It is said.

According to this invention, by specifying the reflectance of the insulating reflective layer, it is possible to efficiently reflect blue light emitted from the semiconductor light emitting element and yellow light wavelength-converted by the phosphor. Therefore, white light obtained by mixing two kinds of light having a complementary color relationship can be efficiently extracted.

  According to invention of Claim 1, while being able to form a reflection layer easily, light can be taken out efficiently.

  According to the second aspect of the present invention, since the ratio of the light emitted from the substrate of the semiconductor light emitting element being blocked by the conductor portion is reduced, the light can be extracted more efficiently.

  According to the invention of claim 3, each semiconductor light emitting element is hardly visible as a point light source, so that the impression that the presence of the semiconductor light emitting element is visually emphasized can be reduced.

  According to the invention of claim 4, the heat dissipation of the semiconductor light emitting device can be maintained without reducing the reflectance of the reflective layer.

According to the invention of claim 5, it is possible to efficiently extract white light obtained by mixing two kinds of light having complementary colors.

  Hereinafter, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

  1 and 2 disclose an illuminating device 1. The lighting device 1 forms an LED package that is unitized as one module. The lighting device 1 includes a base substrate 2, a reflective layer 3, a circuit pattern 4, a plurality of semiconductor light emitting elements 5, an adhesive layer 6, a reflector 7, a sealing member 8, and a light diffusing member 9.

  The base substrate 2 is a flat plate made of synthetic resin, for example, and is formed in a rectangular shape in order to obtain a light emitting area required by the lighting device 1. As shown in FIG. 2, the base substrate 2 has a front surface 2a and a back surface 2b located on the opposite side of the front surface 2a. As a material for the base substrate 2, it is desirable to use, for example, an epoxy resin mixed with glass powder.

  The base substrate 2 is not limited to being made of synthetic resin, but can be made of metal. When the base substrate 2 is made of metal, the heat dissipation from the back surface 2b of the base substrate 2 becomes good, and the temperature distribution of the base substrate 2 can be equalized. Therefore, it is preferable for suppressing variation in emission color of the semiconductor light emitting element 5 that emits light in the same wavelength range.

  In order to suppress variations in the emission color, it is desirable to configure the base substrate 2 with a metal material having excellent thermal conductivity. Examples of the metal material having excellent thermal conductivity include aluminum having a thermal conductivity of 10 W / m · K or more or an alloy thereof.

  The reflective layer 3 is stacked on the surface 2a of the base substrate 2 and has a size that allows a predetermined number of semiconductor light emitting elements 5 to be arranged at intervals. The reflective layer 3 is formed of a white insulating material. As the insulating material, a sheet-like prepreg is used. The prepreg is obtained by impregnating a sheet base material with a thermosetting resin mixed with a white powder such as aluminum oxide, and itself has adhesiveness. Therefore, the reflective layer 3 is bonded to the surface 2a of the base substrate 2 and covers the surface 2a. The reflective layer 3 has a flat light reflecting surface 3 a located on the opposite side of the base substrate 2.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the circuit pattern 4 is formed on the light reflection surface 3 a of the reflection layer 3. The circuit pattern 4 has a first conductor row 4a and a second conductor row 4b. The first and second conductor rows 4a and 4b extend in the longitudinal direction of the base substrate 2 and are arranged in parallel with a space between each other.

  The first conductor row 4a has a pad 4c as a plurality of conductor portions and a first terminal portion 4d. Similarly, the second conductor row 4b has a pad 4c as a plurality of conductor portions and a second terminal portion 4e. The pads 4 c are arranged in a line at intervals in the longitudinal direction of the base substrate 2. The first terminal portion 4d is formed integrally with a pad 4c located at one end of the first conductor row 4a. The second terminal portion 4e is formed integrally with a pad 4c located at one end of the second conductor row 4b.

  The first and second terminal portions 4 d and 4 e are adjacent to each other at one end portion along the longitudinal direction of the base substrate 2. Furthermore, the first terminal portion 4 d and the second terminal portion 4 e are electrically insulated by the reflective layer 3. A power cable is connected to each of the first and second terminal portions 4d and 4e by means such as soldering.

  The circuit pattern 4 of the present embodiment is formed by the procedure described below.

  First, a prepreg impregnated with an uncured thermosetting resin is attached to the surface 2 a of the base substrate 2, and the surface 2 a of the base substrate 2 is covered with the reflective layer 3. Next, a laminated body is configured by attaching a copper foil of the same size as the reflective layer 3 on the reflective layer 3. Thereafter, the laminate is heated and pressurized at the same time to cure the thermosetting resin. As a result, the base substrate 2 and the copper foil are integrally bonded to the reflective layer 3. Subsequently, a resist layer is laminated on the copper foil, and the copper foil is etched. Thereafter, the circuit pattern 4 is formed on the reflective layer 3 by removing the resist layer. The thickness A (see FIG. 3) of the copper foil constituting the circuit pattern 4 is, for example, 35 μm.

  As each semiconductor light emitting element 5, for example, a double-wire blue LED chip using a nitride semiconductor is used. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the semiconductor light emitting device 5 includes a substrate 11 having a light transmitting property and a semiconductor light emitting layer 12.

  For example, a sapphire substrate is used as the substrate 11. The board | substrate 11 has the 1st surface 11a and the 2nd surface 11b located in the other side of the 1st surface 11a. In the present embodiment, the first surface 11a and the second surface 11b are parallel to each other. The thickness B of the substrate 11 is, for example, 90 μm and is thicker than the pad 4 c of the circuit pattern 4.

  The semiconductor light emitting layer 12 is formed on the first surface 11a of the substrate 11 by sequentially stacking a buffer layer, an n-type semiconductor layer, a light emitting layer, a p-type cladding layer, and a p-type semiconductor layer. The light emitting layer has a quantum well structure in which barrier layers and well layers are alternately stacked. The n-type semiconductor layer has an n-side electrode 13. The p-type semiconductor has a p-side electrode 14. This type of semiconductor light emitting layer 12 does not have a reflective film, and can emit light in both thickness directions.

  As shown in FIG. 1, each semiconductor light emitting element 5 is disposed between pads 4 c adjacent to each other in the longitudinal direction of the base substrate 2, and an adhesive layer 6 is formed on the same light reflecting surface 3 a of the reflective layer 3. Is glued through. Specifically, the second surface 11 b of the substrate 11 of each semiconductor light emitting element 5 is bonded onto the light reflecting surface 3 a by the adhesive layer 6. As a result, the pads 4c and the semiconductor light emitting elements 5 of the circuit pattern 4 are alternately arranged on the light reflecting surface 3a.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the semiconductor light emitting device 5 has a pair of side surfaces 5a and 5b. One side surface 5a of the semiconductor light emitting element 5 faces one adjacent pad 4c. The other side surface 5b of the semiconductor light emitting element 5 faces another adjacent pad 4c.

  A thickness C of the adhesive layer 6 interposed between the semiconductor light emitting element 5 and the light reflecting surface 3a is, for example, 100 μm to 500 μm. As the adhesive layer 6, for example, a silicone resin adhesive is preferably used. The silicone resin adhesive has a light-transmitting property such that the light transmittance is 70% or more when the thickness is 100 μm or more, for example.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the electrodes 13 and 14 of each semiconductor light emitting element 5 are electrically connected to the pads 4c of the circuit pattern 4 by wire bonding. Specifically, the n-side electrode 13 is electrically connected to the pad 4 c adjacent to the side surface 5 a of the semiconductor light emitting element 5 via the bonding wire 15. The p-side electrode 14 is electrically connected to another pad 4 c adjacent to the side surface 5 b of the semiconductor light emitting element 5 via a bonding wire 15.

  Furthermore, the pad 4c located on the opposite side to the first terminal portion 4d in the first conductor row 4a, and the pad 4c located on the opposite side to the second terminal portion 4e in the second conductor row 4b. Are electrically connected via another bonding wire 16 (see FIG. 1). Therefore, according to the present embodiment, the plurality of semiconductor light emitting elements 5 are connected in series via the circuit pattern 4.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the reflector 7 is formed in a rectangular frame shape and collectively surrounds all the semiconductor light emitting elements 5 on the reflective layer 3. In other words, the reflector 7 does not correspond to each semiconductor light emitting element 5 but is a component common to all the semiconductor light emitting elements 5.

  The reflector 7 is bonded to the light reflecting surface 3 a of the reflecting layer 3. In the present embodiment, all the semiconductor light emitting elements 5 and the pads 4 c of the circuit pattern 4 are located in a region surrounded by the reflector 7. The first and second terminal portions 4 d and 4 e of the circuit pattern 4 are located outside the reflector 7.

  The reflector 7 is made of, for example, a synthetic resin, and the inner peripheral surface thereof is a light reflecting surface 7a. The light reflecting surface 7a is formed by evaporating or plating a metal material having a high reflectance such as Al or Ni on the inner peripheral surface of the reflector 7. The light reflecting surface 7 a can also be formed by applying a white paint having a high visible light reflectance on the inner peripheral surface of the reflector 7.

  Furthermore, by mixing white powder into the resin material for molding the reflector 7, the light reflecting surface 7a itself can be white with high visible light reflectance. As the white powder, a white filler such as aluminum oxide, titanium oxide, magnesium oxide, or barium sulfate can be used. As shown by a two-dot chain line in FIG. 2, it is desirable that the light reflecting surface 7 a of the reflector 7 is inclined toward the outer side of the reflector 7 as the distance from the light reflecting surface 3 a of the reflecting layer 3 increases.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the sealing member 8 is injected into a region surrounded by the reflector 7. The sealing member 8 is solidified while covering the semiconductor light emitting element 5, the pad 4 c and the bonding wires 15 and 16. The sealing member 8 is formed of a light-transmitting material such as a transparent silicone resin or transparent glass.

  The material forming the sealing member 8 is mixed with phosphor particles as necessary. In the present embodiment, a blue LED chip is used as the semiconductor light emitting element 5. For this reason, phosphor particles that convert blue primary light emitted from a blue LED chip into yellow secondary light having a different wavelength are used. As a preferred example, the phosphor particles are mixed in the sealing member 8 in a substantially uniformly dispersed state.

  By using the sealing member 8 in which the phosphor particles are mixed, the phosphor particles irradiated with the blue light emitted from the semiconductor light emitting layer 12 absorb the blue light and emit yellow light. This yellow light is transmitted through the sealing member 8. On the other hand, part of the blue light emitted from the semiconductor light emitting layer 12 passes through the sealing member 8 without hitting the phosphor particles. For this reason, white light can be obtained by mixing two kinds of colors having a complementary color relationship.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the light diffusing member 9 has a flat plate shape and is disposed in front of the reflector 7. For example, the light diffusing member 9 may be directly supported by the lifter 7, or may be supported by a lighting fixture (not shown) that houses the lighting device 1.

  As the light diffusing member 9, the difference between the transmittance of blue light having a wavelength of 400 nm to 480 nm and the transmittance of yellow light having a wavelength of 540 nm to 650 nm is within 10%, and the transmittance of visible light is 90% or more. It is desirable to use a material having a light diffusion performance that is less than 100%. By using such a light diffusing member 9, blue primary light and yellow secondary light can be mixed by the light diffusing member 9, and white light with suppressed color unevenness can be obtained.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the distance L between the light diffusing member 9 and the light reflecting surface 3a on which the semiconductor light emitting elements 5 are arranged is preferably 5 mm or more and 15 mm or less.

  The inventor prepares the lighting device 1 using the light diffusing member 9 having a transmittance of 90% and the lighting device 1 using the light diffusing member 9 having a transmittance of 80%, and performs the following lighting test. went. In this lighting test, the total luminous flux was measured and the visual impression of the light diffusing member 9 was determined under the condition that the distance L was 5 mm or more and 15 mm.

  The visual impression refers to whether or not each of the plurality of semiconductor light emitting elements 5 appears to emit light in the form of dots independently. In the present embodiment, the visual impression is determined by “good” and “no”.

  When the visual impression is “good”, it becomes difficult for each semiconductor light emitting element 5 to be seen as an independent point light source, and between the portion corresponding to the semiconductor light emitting element 5 in the light diffusing member 9 and its surroundings. This means that there is little difference in brightness. On the contrary, that the visual impression is “no” is that the plurality of semiconductor light emitting elements 5 can be recognized individually and clearly, and the portion corresponding to the semiconductor light emitting element 5 in the light diffusion member 9 and its This means that the brightness difference with the surroundings is large.

  In the illumination device 1 using the light diffusing member 9 having a transmittance of 90%, the total luminous flux was 100 lm, and the evaluation of the visual impression was “good”. In the illumination device 1 using the light diffusing member 9 having a transmittance of 80%, the total luminous flux was 90 lm, and the evaluation of the visual impression was “good”. As a result, it can be seen that the transmittance of the light diffusing member 9 is preferably 90% or more.

  On the other hand, the inventor changed the distance L between the light reflection surface 3a of the reflection layer 3 and the light diffusion member 9 in the illumination device 1 using the light diffusion member 9 having a transmittance of 90%. The relationship between total luminous flux and visual impression was investigated.

  As a result, when the distance L was less than 5 mm, the total luminous flux of the lighting device 1 was 105 lm, and the evaluation of the visual impression was “No”. When the distance L exceeded 15 mm, the total luminous flux was 95 lm and the visual impression was evaluated as “good”.

  Therefore, when the distance L is less than 5 mm, it becomes easy to recognize each semiconductor light emitting element 5 as a point light source. Conversely, when the distance L exceeds 15 mm, the brightness is insufficient. Therefore, it is clear that by defining the distance L to be 5 mm or more and 15 mm or less, it is possible to ensure the brightness necessary for illumination use, and it is difficult to visually recognize the plurality of semiconductor light emitting elements 5 as individually independent point light sources. became.

  As a result, the lighting device 1 uses the light diffusing member 9 having a visible light transmittance of 90% or more, and the distance L from the light reflecting surface 3a of the reflective layer 3 to the light diffusing member 9 is specified to be 5 mm or more and 15 mm or less. This is desirable from a practical standpoint.

  On the other hand, in the illuminating device 1 of this Embodiment, it is preferable that the reflectance of the light reflection surface 3a of the reflection layer 3 is 85% or more in the wavelength range of 420 nm to 740 nm. When the reflectance is less than 85%, the efficiency when the light that passes through the substrate 11 from the semiconductor light emitting layer 12 and travels toward the base substrate 2 is reflected by the light reflecting surface 3a is low, and the light from the semiconductor light emitting element 5 is efficiently collected. It cannot be taken out.

  FIG. 5 is a graph showing the relationship between the total light reflectance (%) and the wavelength (nm) of the white resin material used for the reflective layer 3. In FIG. 5, the solid line represents the total light reflectance of the white resin material, and the dotted line represents the total light reflectance of silver as a comparative example. In the case of silver, it has a total light reflectance of 85% or more over the entire wavelength range of 400 nm to 740 nm. On the other hand, in the case of a white resin material, the total light reflectivity is 35% at a wavelength of 400 nm, and the total light reflectivity is 85% or more in the wavelength range of 480 nm to 740 nm. However, even in the entire wavelength range of 420 nm to 740 nm, the average of the total light reflectance is 85% or more, so that the light emitted from the semiconductor light emitting element 5 can be extracted efficiently and sufficiently.

Furthermore, in order to ensure the heat dissipation of the reflective layer 3 while ensuring the reflectance, it is preferable to define the thickness T of the reflective layer 3 within the range of 30 μm to 90 μm. Table 1 shows the reflectance at the wavelength of 460 nm, the reflectance at the wavelength of 550 nm, and the thermal resistance (° C./W) when the thickness T of the reflective layer 3 is 30 μm, 90 μm, and 120 μm. . As can be seen from Table 1, the reflective layer 3 exhibits a characteristic that the reflectance decreases as the thickness T decreases, and the thermal resistance increases as the thickness T increases.

  The semiconductor light emitting element 5 has a lifetime of 40,000 hours when the junction temperature is 100 ° C. Therefore, in order to extend the lifetime of the semiconductor light emitting element 5, it is preferable to use the semiconductor light emitting device while keeping the junction temperature at 100 ° C. or lower.

Table 2 shows, for example, the thickness T of the reflective layer 3 when the semiconductor light emitting element 5 is turned on by supplying 0.06 W when the W number per chip of the semiconductor light emitting element 5 is 0.06 W. The relationship with the temperature rise of the reflective layer 3 is shown. As is clear from Tables 1 and 2, since the heat resistance of the reflective layer 3 is smaller as the thickness T of the reflective layer 3 is thinner, the heat transmitted from the semiconductor light emitting element 5 to the reflective layer 3 is efficiently diffused and reflected. The temperature rise of the layer 3 is suppressed. On the other hand, as the thickness T of the reflective layer 3 increases, the thermal resistance of the reflective layer 3 increases, so that the temperature rise of the reflective layer 3 increases.

  For example, in a sealed luminaire using a semiconductor light emitting element that can obtain a luminous flux of 5000 lm as a light source, the ambient temperature in the fixture reaches 60 ° C. to 70 ° C. A value obtained by adding the temperature rise of the reflective layer 3 shown in Table 2 to this temperature is the junction temperature. For this reason, when the thickness T of the reflective layer 3 is 120 μm, the junction temperature exceeds 100 ° C. Therefore, in order to set the junction temperature to 100 ° C. or less, the thickness T of the reflective layer 3 needs to be 90 μm or less.

On the other hand, when the thickness T of the reflective layer 3 is reduced, the light is transmitted through the reflective layer 3, so that the light reflectance is lowered. Table 3 shows the relationship between the thickness T of the reflective layer 3 and the total luminous flux (lm) per chip of the semiconductor light emitting element 5. The reduction ratio of the total luminous flux is required to be suppressed to about 10% with the maximum value of the total luminous flux when the thickness T of the reflective layer 3 is 120 μm. Therefore, it is considered that the thickness T of the reflective layer 3 is required to be 30 μm or more.

  In view of the above, it is desirable that the thickness T of the reflective layer 3 is defined within the range of 30 μm to 90 μm. By doing so, the heat dissipation of the reflective layer 3 can be enhanced while ensuring the reflectance of the reflective layer 3.

  According to the first embodiment, the substrates 11 of the plurality of semiconductor light emitting elements 5 are bonded via the translucent adhesive layer 6 on the white reflective layer 3 on which the plurality of pads 4c are formed. Yes. The semiconductor light emitting element 5 is electrically connected to the pad 4 c and is held side by side on the light reflecting surface 3 a of the reflective layer 3 through the adhesive layer 6. With this configuration, the lighting device 1 capable of surface light emission can be obtained.

  According to this illuminating device 1, a part of the light emitted from the semiconductor light emitting layer 12 of each semiconductor light emitting element 5 is transmitted through the substrate 11 opposite to the normal light extraction direction indicated by the arrow in FIG. Go to the reflective layer 3. The light traveling toward the reflective layer 3 enters the region corresponding to the projected area of the substrate 11 in the reflective layer 3 through the adhesive layer 6, and is directed in the normal light extraction direction on the light reflective surface 3 a of the reflective layer 3. And reflected.

  Further, among the light traveling from the semiconductor light emitting layer 12 to the reflective layer 3, the light that has passed through the substrate 11 obliquely toward the periphery of the substrate 11 is transmitted by the light reflecting surface 3 a positioned around the substrate 11. Reflected in the take-out direction.

  At the same time, when the light emitted from the semiconductor light emitting layer 12 in the normal light extraction direction strikes the phosphor particles inside the sealing member 8, a part of the secondary light emitted in yellow is applied to the reflective layer 3. It becomes the light to go. The light traveling toward the reflective layer 3 is also reflected by the light reflecting surface 3a in the normal light extraction direction.

  From this, the light traveling from the semiconductor light emitting layer 12 toward the reflective layer 3 is not reflected only at the portions corresponding to the individual semiconductor light emitting devices 5 in the light reflecting surface 3a, but at the portions away from the semiconductor light emitting devices 5. Is also reflected in the normal light extraction direction. Specifically, the light from the semiconductor light emitting layer 12 toward the reflective layer 3 can be reflected in the normal light extraction direction by using the entire region of the light reflecting surface 3a except the portion covered with the pad 4c. . Therefore, extraction of light from the lighting device 1 can be performed efficiently.

  Moreover, the light emitted from the semiconductor light emitting layer 12 is emitted toward the periphery of the substrate 11. At the same time, a part of the light incident on the substrate 11 from the semiconductor light emitting layer 12 and a part of the light incident on the substrate 11 again through the adhesive layer 6 after being reflected by the light reflecting surface 3a of the reflective layer 3 are: The light is emitted from the first and second side surfaces 5 a and 5 b of the semiconductor light emitting element 5 to the outside of the substrate 11. The pad 4 c electrically connected to the semiconductor light emitting device 5 is adjacent to the first and second side surfaces 5 a and 5 b of the semiconductor light emitting device 5. Therefore, in particular, the light emitted from the first and second side surfaces 5a and 5b may interfere with the pad 4c and be absorbed by the pad 4c.

  However, according to the first embodiment, the thickness A of the pad 4 c is thinner than the thickness B of the substrate 11. For this reason, the light emitted from the first and second side surfaces 5a and 5b of the semiconductor light emitting element 5 in the direction of the pad 4c hardly interferes with the pad 4c, and the light loss is reduced. Therefore, it is advantageous for efficient light extraction.

  At the same time, the pads 4 c of the circuit pattern 4 and the semiconductor light emitting elements 5 are arranged linearly along the longitudinal direction of the base substrate 2. Thereby, the total area of the pad 4c which covers the light reflection surface 3a of the reflective layer 3 can be suppressed small. As a result, a substantial area that contributes to reflection can be sufficiently secured in the light reflecting surface 3a, which is advantageous in efficiently extracting light.

  In addition, the single reflector 7 collectively surrounds the plurality of semiconductor light emitting elements 5. According to this configuration, the rate at which the light emitted from the individual semiconductor light emitting elements 5 interferes with the reflector 7 is significantly reduced, and the amount of light directed toward the light diffusing member 9 is increased. In other words, the amount of light incident on the light reflecting surface 7a of the reflector 7 is reduced, making it difficult for the light to be absorbed by the light reflecting surface 7a, and the loss of light accompanying light absorption is reduced. Therefore, the light emitted from the semiconductor light emitting element 5 can be extracted efficiently.

  For example, when there is a reflector having a reflecting surface that spreads radially for each of one or more semiconductor light emitting elements, light emitted from each semiconductor element is incident on the light reflecting surface of each reflector. Therefore, the amount of light incident on the reflector increases, and the probability that light is absorbed by the light reflecting surface increases. Therefore, the loss of light increases, and the light emitted from the semiconductor light emitting element cannot be extracted efficiently.

  The quality of the light extraction efficiency has been clarified by the following comparison. In the lighting device used in this comparison, the base substrate was made of aluminum, and the reflectance of the reflective layer was 90% with respect to light having a wavelength of 400 nm to 740 nm. Further, a die bond material having a thickness of 100 μm and a transmittance of 95% is used as the adhesive layer, and 28 semiconductor light emitting elements are arranged on the reflective layer and are collectively surrounded by a single reflector. did. When such an illuminating device was turned on by being energized at 20 mA, the luminous flux was 120 lm.

  On the other hand, in the lighting device as a comparative example, 28 reflectors were prepared, and a semiconductor light emitting element was incorporated in each reflector. When such an illuminating device was turned on by energizing at 20 mA, the luminous flux was 110 lm.

  In the lighting device 1 according to the first embodiment, a plurality of bonding wires 15 cross between the light reflecting surface 3 a of the reflective layer 3 and the light diffusing member 9. Therefore, a part of the light reflected by the light reflecting surface 3 a and directed to the light diffusing member 9 is blocked by the bonding wire 15.

  According to the first embodiment, the bonding wire 15 connects the adjacent semiconductor light emitting elements 5 in series. For this reason, for example, the number of bonding wires 15 is reduced in comparison with a case where a plurality of semiconductor light emitting elements 5 are connected in parallel using bonding wires 15. Thereby, the ratio of the light blocked by the bonding wire 15 in the light traveling from the light reflecting surface 3a to the light diffusing member 9 can be reduced. Therefore, it is advantageous for efficiently extracting the light emitted from the semiconductor light emitting element 5.

  When a plurality of semiconductor light emitting elements are connected in parallel, a plurality of pattern portions are formed on the reflective layer 3 in a straight line along the arrangement direction of the semiconductor light emitting elements 5, It is necessary to electrically connect between the two with a plurality of bonding wires. In this configuration, the area of the portion of the light reflecting surface 3a that actually contributes to reflection is reduced, which is not preferable in consideration of light extraction.

  In the lighting device 1 according to the first embodiment, a plurality of semiconductor light emitting elements 5 are bonded on the reflective layer 3 on which the circuit pattern 4 is formed. Therefore, it is not necessary to individually form a plurality of reflective layers corresponding to the plurality of semiconductor light emitting elements 5 on the base substrate 2. Therefore, the reflective layer 3 can be easily formed without requiring a special effort, which contributes to a reduction in manufacturing cost of the lighting device 1.

  More specifically, for example, in a conventional configuration in which light of a semiconductor light emitting element is reflected using a white insulating adhesive mixed with a white filler, a small amount of insulating adhesive is accurately applied to each minute semiconductor light emitting element. Is required. For this reason, workability is poor and work is required. Furthermore, managing the thickness of the insulating adhesive and the application area to the specified values is accompanied by considerable difficulty from the viewpoint of manufacturing technology.

  On the other hand, in the illuminating device 1 of 1st Embodiment, the reflective layer 3 has stopped only covering the surface 2a of the base substrate 2 continuously. For this reason, in forming the reflective layer 3, an operation that is difficult in terms of manufacturing technology is not required. Therefore, the reflective layer 3 can be easily formed on the base substrate 2, and the manufacturing cost of the lighting device 1 can be reduced.

In addition, conventionally, since the operation of applying the insulating adhesive is difficult, the thickness of the insulating adhesive individually applied to a plurality of semiconductor light emitting elements becomes uneven, and the thermal resistance of the insulating adhesive varies. I can't deny it. As a result, the heat dissipation characteristics of the plurality of semiconductor light emitting elements are slightly different, and the emission color of the semiconductor light emitting elements may vary.

  On the other hand, according to the illuminating device 1 of 1st Embodiment, the reflection layer 3 is laminated | stacked on the surface 2a by predetermined thickness so that the surface 2a of the base substrate 2 may be covered entirely. . Therefore, the reflective layer 3 does not adversely affect the heat dissipation characteristics of the plurality of semiconductor light emitting elements 5. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the emission colors of the plurality of semiconductor light emitting elements 5 from being slightly different.

  The present invention is not limited to the first embodiment described above, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention.

  6 to 8 disclose an illuminating device 21 according to a second embodiment of the present invention. The illumination device 21 is mainly different from the first embodiment in the configuration for enhancing the heat dissipation of the semiconductor light emitting element 5, and other configurations are basically the same as those in the first embodiment. It is the same. Therefore, in the second embodiment, the same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted.

  As shown in FIGS. 6 to 8, the base substrate 22 is a flat plate made of metal, and is formed in a rectangular shape in order to secure a light emitting area required by the lighting device 21. The base substrate 22 has a front surface 22a and a back surface 22b located on the opposite side of the front surface 22a. As the base substrate 22, it is preferable to use copper having excellent thermal conductivity, for example.

  A reflective layer 23 is laminated on the surface 22 a of the base substrate 22. The reflective layer 23 is formed by applying silver plating to the base substrate 22 and has conductivity. The reflective layer 23 covers the entire surface 22a of the base substrate 22 and has a size that allows a predetermined number of semiconductor light emitting elements 5 to be arranged at intervals. The reflection layer 23 has a flat light reflection surface 23 a located on the opposite side of the base substrate 22.

  The diffuse reflectance of the light reflecting surface 23a is preferably 70% or more in the wavelength range of 420 nm to 740 nm. This diffuse reflectance is evaluated as a value when the diffuse reflectance of white barium sulfate is 100%. If the diffuse reflectance of the light reflecting surface 23a is 70% or more, the average total light reflectance of the light reflecting surface 23a exceeds 85% in the wavelength range of 420 nm to 740 nm. Therefore, light can be extracted efficiently.

  A circuit pattern 24 is formed on the light reflecting surface 23 a of the reflective layer 23. The circuit pattern 24 has a plurality of conductor rows 25. The conductor rows 25 extend in the longitudinal direction of the base substrate 22 and are arranged in parallel with a space between each other.

  Each conductor row 25 has a pad 25a as a plurality of conductor portions and first and second terminal portions 25b and 25c. The pads 25 a are arranged in a line at intervals in the longitudinal direction of the base substrate 22. The first terminal portion 25 b is formed integrally with a pad 25 a located at one end of each conductor row 25. The second terminal portion 25 c is formed integrally with the pad 25 a located at the other end of each conductor row 25. Therefore, the first terminal portion 25 b and the second terminal portion 25 c are separated from each other in the longitudinal direction of each conductor row 25.

  As shown in FIG. 8, each pad 25 a has an insulator 27 and a conductive layer 28. As the insulator 27, for example, ceramic is used. The insulator 27 has a first surface 27a and a second surface 27b located on the opposite side of the first surface 27a. The first surface 27a and the second surface 27b are parallel to each other. The conductive layer 28 is formed, for example, by applying gold plating to the first surface 27a of the insulator 27.

  Each pad 25 a is bonded to the light reflecting surface 23 a of the reflective layer 23 via an insulating adhesive 29. The insulating adhesive 29 is filled between the second surface 27b of the insulator 27 and the light reflecting surface 23a, and holds the insulator 27 on the light reflecting surface 23a. Therefore, the conductive layer 28 of each pad 25a and the reflective layer 23 made of silver plating are kept in an electrically insulated state.

  Since the first and second terminal portions 25b and 25c of the circuit pattern 24 have the same configuration as each of the pads 25a, description thereof is omitted.

  On the light reflecting surface 23a of the reflective layer 23, the semiconductor light emitting element 5 similar to that in the first embodiment is disposed. The semiconductor light emitting element 5 is located between the pads 25 a adjacent to each other in the longitudinal direction of the base substrate 22, and is bonded to the light reflection surface 23 a of the reflection layer 23 via the adhesive layer 6.

  As shown in FIG. 8, the n-side electrode 13 of each semiconductor light emitting element 5 is electrically connected to the conductive layer 28 of the pad 25 a adjacent to the side surface 5 a of the semiconductor light emitting element 5 via the bonding wire 15. The p-side electrode 14 of each semiconductor light emitting element 5 is electrically connected to the conductive layer 28 of the pad 25 a adjacent to the side surface 5 b of the semiconductor light emitting element 5 through the bonding wire 15. Therefore, the plurality of semiconductor light emitting elements 5 are connected in series for each conductor row 25 of the circuit pattern 24.

  As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, a heat sink 31 is attached to the back surface 22 b of the base substrate 22. The heat sink 31 includes a heat receiving plate 32 and a plurality of heat radiating fins 33.

  The heat receiving plate 32 has a size that covers the entire back surface 22 b of the base substrate 22. The heat receiving plate 32 is fixed to the back surface 22 b of the base substrate 22 by means such as adhesion, and is thermally connected to the base substrate 32. The heat radiating fins 33 are integrated with the heat receiving plate 32. The heat radiating fins 33 protrude from the heat receiving plate 32 toward the opposite side of the base substrate 22.

  In the second embodiment, when the semiconductor light emitting element 5 emits light, the semiconductor light emitting element 5 generates heat. The semiconductor light emitting element 5 is bonded on the reflective layer 23 made of silver plating and thermally connected to the reflective layer 23. Therefore, the heat of the semiconductor light emitting element 5 is directly transmitted to the reflective layer 23 through the adhesive layer 6.

  The reflective layer 23 made of silver plating has a higher thermal conductivity than the resin-made reflective layer 3 of the first embodiment. For this reason, the thermal resistance of the package in which the semiconductor light emitting element 5 and the base substrate 2 are combined can be kept small.

The thermal resistance of the package is Tj when the temperature of the semiconductor light emitting element 5 being lit is Tj, and Tc is the temperature of the package when the semiconductor light emitting element 5 is lit.
Tj = Tc / W (W: input power)
Can be evaluated.

  The inventor has verified the thermal resistance of the package when, for example, 100 semiconductor light-emitting elements with a rated current of 20 mA are mounted on the reflective layer and lighted with 6.0 W power applied.

  As a result, in the package using the reflective layer 23 made of silver plating, the thermal resistance is 0.6 ° C./W, and in the package using the resin-made reflective layer 3, the thermal resistance is 7.0 ° C./W. It was confirmed.

  Therefore, the reflective layer 23 made of silver plating has better thermal conductivity than the resin-made reflective layer 3, and the heat of the semiconductor light emitting element 5 can be efficiently released to the base substrate 22.

  Furthermore, according to the second embodiment, the heat of each semiconductor light emitting element 5 is transmitted to the adjacent pad 25 a via the bonding wire 15. Since the pads 25 a are bonded to the silver-plated reflective layer 23, each pad 25 a is kept in a state of being thermally connected to the reflective layer 23. For this reason, the heat of the semiconductor light emitting element 5 transmitted to the pad 25 a through the bonding wire 15 is transmitted to the reflective layer 23 through the insulating adhesive 29. Therefore, part of the heat of the semiconductor light emitting element 5 can be released from the pad 25a to the reflective layer 23.

  As a result, a sufficient heat conduction path from the semiconductor light emitting element 5 to the reflective layer 23 can be secured, and the heat of each semiconductor light emitting element 5 can be quickly diffused to the base substrate 22 through the reflective layer 23. Therefore, overheating of the semiconductor light emitting element 5 can be prevented and the ambient temperature of the semiconductor light emitting element 5 can be kept appropriate.

  In addition, in the second embodiment, the heat sink 31 is attached to the back surface 22 b of the base substrate 22. The heat sink 31 receives heat from the base substrate 22 and releases the heat from the radiation fins 33 to the atmosphere.

  For this reason, the heat released from the semiconductor light emitting element 5 to the base substrate 22 through the reflective layer 23 can be quickly released outside the lighting device 1 through the heat sink 31. Therefore, the heat dissipation of the base substrate 22 is improved, which is preferable for suppressing the temperature rise of the semiconductor light emitting element 5.

FIG. 2 is a plan view showing the lighting device according to the first embodiment of the present invention with a part cut away. Sectional drawing which follows the F2-F2 line | wire of FIG. Sectional drawing which expands and shows the positional relationship of a semiconductor light-emitting element and a pad in the 1st Embodiment of this invention. The top view which shows the state which formed the circuit pattern on the light reflection surface of a reflection layer in the 1st Embodiment of this invention. The graph which shows the total light reflectance of the white reflective layer used for an illuminating device in the 1st Embodiment of this invention. The top view which partially cuts and shows the illuminating device which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. The side view of the illuminating device which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. Sectional drawing which expands and shows the positional relationship of a semiconductor light-emitting device, a pad, and a heat sink in the 2nd Embodiment of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Illuminating device, 3 ... Reflective layer, 4c ... Conductor part (pad), 5 ... Semiconductor light emitting element, 6 ... Adhesive layer, 8 ... Sealing member, 11 ... Substrate, 12 ... Semiconductor light emitting layer.

Claims (4)

A plurality of semiconductor light-emitting elements each having a light-transmitting substrate and a semiconductor light-emitting layer formed on the substrate and arranged at intervals from each other;
A white insulating reflection layer having a flat light reflection surface formed so as to be continuous in the arrangement direction of the semiconductor light emitting elements;
A translucent adhesive layer that holds the semiconductor light emitting element on the insulating reflective layer by adhering the substrate of the semiconductor light emitting element to the light reflecting surface ;
Provided so as to be smaller thickness than the thickness of the substrate of the semiconductor light-emitting element over the light reflecting surface of the insulating reflective layer, and the semiconductor light emitting element is a plurality of electrically connected conductor portions;
An illumination device comprising: 2. The illumination device according to claim 1 , further comprising a light diffusing member that diffuses light emitted from the semiconductor light emitting element, and the light diffusing member faces the reflective layer. 2. The lighting device according to claim 1 , wherein the reflective layer also serves as an insulating layer, and the thickness of the insulating layer is in a range of 30 μm to 90 μm. A plurality of blue semiconductor light-emitting elements each having a light-transmitting substrate and a semiconductor light-emitting layer formed on the substrate and arranged at intervals from each other;
It has a flat light reflecting surface formed so as to be continuous in the arrangement direction of the semiconductor light emitting element, the reflectance of light having a wavelength of 460 nm is 80% or more, and the reflectance of light having a wavelength of 550 nm is 85% or more. A white insulating reflective layer to be;
A translucent adhesive layer that holds the semiconductor light emitting element on the insulating reflective layer by adhering the substrate of the semiconductor light emitting element to the light reflecting surface ;
A plurality of conductor portions provided on the light reflecting surface of the insulating reflective layer so as to have a thickness smaller than the thickness of the substrate of the semiconductor light emitting element, and to which the semiconductor light emitting element is electrically connected;
A seal that is provided so as to cover the light reflecting surface of the semiconductor light emitting element, the conductor, and the insulating reflective layer, and is mixed with a phosphor that converts the wavelength of blue light emitted from the semiconductor light emitting element into yellow light. A stop member;
An illumination device comprising:

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