JP4648129B2 - Road surface cooling road structure - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to road structures such as ordinary roads and sidewalks on which vehicles and the like travel, or shopping streets, building streets, and living roads around buildings, and more particularly to road surface cooling road structures designed to take measures against heat island phenomenon and torrential rain. .

  There are asphalt pavement and cement concrete pavement on roads where ordinary vehicles run, and in the former asphalt pavement, a roadbed is laid on the roadbed, and asphalt mixture is further laid on the surface. In the latter cement concrete pavement, a concrete board is formed on the roadbed. Side grooves are provided on the side of the road for draining rainwater that falls on the road surface or flows on the road surface.

  On the other hand, on roads other than ordinary roads, such as sidewalks, it is known that permeable concrete blocks that allow rainwater to permeate are laid on the roadbed or the roadbed on the roadbed. It has penetrated underground. In addition, on road surfaces such as roads and sidewalks, water is sprayed or sprinkled in order to provide a refreshing feeling with old customs or to prevent dust from standing.

  In recent years, with the global warming, in particular, the remarkable heat island phenomenon, there is a demand for a technique for suppressing the temperature rise on the road surface. In a road structure with a side ditch, rainwater quickly flows into the side ditch, so that the drainage of the road surface is good, but the temperature rise suppression effect due to evaporation of the water on the road surface can be expected only during the rain. The same applies to watering and watering. Also, in a road structure in which rainwater, water hitting, water sprinkling, etc. (rain water including water hitting or water sprinkling, etc., hereinafter simply referred to as rain water) penetrates underground, the roadbed and roadbed exhibit water storage functions to some extent. Although a certain temperature rise suppression effect can be expected, the temperature rise suppression effect is hardly sustained.

  In recent years, flooding due to heavy rain has often occurred. During the rain, in the former type of road structure, rainwater flows into the gutter from the road surface and drains as described above, but there is a limit to drainage from the gutter. It overflows and the road becomes flooded. Even in the latter type of road structure, since rainwater gradually permeates, rainwater cannot easily permeate underground, and a flooded state may be sustained for a long period of time.

  The object of the present invention is to maintain the effect of suppressing the temperature rise of the road surface for a long period of time, and also to allow rainwater to pass through quickly and to store water in places other than the gutters in the case of torrential rain. It is to provide a road surface cooling road structure that is less likely to cause a road surface.

The first invention is a road bed, a water-permeable pavement layer through which rainwater or the like permeates from the road surface, or a pavement layer having a through hole through which rainwater or the like passes, and the road bed In a road surface cooling road structure having a water storage tank that is installed in an intermediate portion and receives rainwater or the like that has permeated through the pavement layer to store water, the road surface has a side groove that extends along the pavement layer, and the water storage tank includes a plurality of water storage tanks. Each reservoir is provided in a terraced shape, the height of which gradually decreases toward the side groove, and the water overflowing from the upper reservoir sequentially flows out to the lower reservoir, The water overflowing from the lowest reservoir is configured to flow into the side groove .

  In the present invention, as the roadbed, a material obtained by leveling and solidifying the same ground as the conventional roadbed can be used, and a waterproof sheet may be laid on the roadbed as necessary. The same applies to the roadbed of the following invention.

  The water-permeable pavement layer used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it can permeate rainwater and the like, but for example, in the case of a general road on which a vehicle or the like travels, the roadbed , For example, gravel, steel slag, sand, etc. lower roadbed, and roadbed made of upper layer roadbed such as crushed stone, or grating used as a groove lid (this grating may be packed with the above-mentioned roadbed components), A water-permeable asphalt layer comprising a base layer composed of an asphalt mixture and an asphalt surface layer laid on the roadbed or grating, or the water-permeable concrete formed on the roadbed or grating and the roadbed or grating. Roads where heavy objects such as vehicles do not travel, eg If the sidewalks, may be mentioned water-permeable asphalt layer, concrete layer, concrete blocks or the like.

A pavement layer having a through hole is made of, for example, a steel plate, water-impermeable concrete, asphalt, etc., and is usually used for roads other than ordinary roads on which vehicles or the like travel, such as sidewalks, but used for ordinary roads. You can also.
The water tank is made of concrete, but may be made of a steel plate. Moreover, although it may be bottomed or bottomless, when it is bottomless, a waterproof sheet is laid on a roadbed.

The plurality of water reservoirs may be, for example, box-shaped water reservoirs arranged side by side in the width direction, or a plurality of water reservoirs may be formed by partitioning the water storage tank with a partition.
The water reservoir may be configured to gradually decrease in height toward a gutter provided at one end in the width direction of the road (see FIG. 2). For example, the water reservoir at the center in the width direction is made highest. It is good also as a structure that the height of a water storage tank becomes low, so that it approaches the side groove of the width direction both ends (refer FIG. 5). When changing the height of the water reservoir in a terraced shape, the depth of the water reservoir may be changed stepwise so that the capacity of each water reservoir becomes equal. That is, the depth may be increased as the reservoir becomes lower in height.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the road surface cooling road structure according to the first aspect of the present invention, the water storage tank is formed with a drain hole for gradually discharging water in the water storage tank into the side groove, preferably at the lower end of the water storage tank. This is a road surface cooling road structure.

  In the present invention, examples of the discharge hole for gradually discharging water include a drain hole having a reduced diameter, and a drain hole provided with a throttle valve and a screen.

  When the water tank is composed of a plurality of water reservoirs and each water reservoir is provided with a drain hole, each drain hole may have a constant height and a constant water level in each reservoir. Further, the height of the drain hole may be changed stepwise between the reservoirs so that the water level of the reservoirs is changed stepwise (see FIG. 4). The side grooves may be provided only on one side of the road or on both sides of the road.

Another invention includes a roadbed, a water-permeable pavement layer through which rainwater and the like permeate from the road surface, or a pavement layer having a through hole through which rainwater and the like pass, a side groove extending along the pavement layer, Road surface that is installed on the roadbed or in the middle of the pavement layer, and has drainage channels that receive rainwater that has permeated through the pavement layer and flow to meander or zigzag until the rainwater reaches the side grooves. It is a cooling road structure.
As the road bed and pavement layer of the present invention, those similar to the road bed and pavement layer in the first invention can be used.

  The drainage groove of the present invention may be a continuous flow path without a step, but it is preferable to provide a step at one or several places in the middle. When rainwater or the like falls on the step, the contact area with air is low. It increases and vaporization of rainwater etc. is accelerated | stimulated and this comes to improve a cooling effect more.

According to the first invention, as long as there is water in the water tank, the water evaporates, and the effect of suppressing the temperature rise of the pavement layer on the water tank by the heat of vaporization taken away during evaporation can be obtained. Since rainwater flows from the road surface into the water storage tank, it has the effect that the flooding on the road surface can be mitigated, and in the case of a pavement layer with a through hole, water from the road surface to the water storage tank As a result, the road surface can be drained better, and in the case of torrential rain, it is possible to guide the rainwater to the water tank in a short time, eliminating the flooding in a short time. What can be done is that a reservoir is usually formed between the reservoir and the pavement layer with a certain thickness because the reservoirs that make up the reservoir form a terraced step. It ’s a dark room that does n’t hit When the pavement layer absorbs solar heat etc. due to the heat insulation effect of the dark room space, the water temperature in the water tank is hard to rise, and relatively low temperature water or water evaporates in the water tank Since the space is kept at a low temperature by the heat of vaporization taken away by the water, the pavement layer on the water tank can be cooled from the back side through the space, and therefore the water tank can be secured while ensuring drainage of the road surface. It is possible to suppress the temperature rise of the upper pavement layer, and when heavy rains occur, a considerable amount of rainwater can flow into the space and be stored in a water tank to relieve flooding on the road. The rainwater overflowing from each reservoir is gradually discharged into the lower reservoir and drained into the gutter, but the water flow between the reservoirs is formed. Compared to the case where no flow is formed , Vaporized by the flow of water is promoted enhance the cooling effect of the darkroom space, an effect such that it is possible to increase the Atsushi Nobori suppression effect of the pavement layer.

  According to the second invention, since the water is discharged little by little from the drain hole, the water storage tank can always have a free capacity, and the free capacity allows rainwater to be collected even in the case of a heavy rain. Instead of flowing into the side groove at once, a considerable amount of rainwater can be temporarily stored in the water storage tank, and can serve as one end to prevent overflow of the side groove due to a large amount of rainwater flowing into the side groove. In particular, when the side groove is provided only on one side of the road, the amount of rainwater flowing into one side groove is larger than when the side groove is provided on both sides of the road. It is valid. Further, the water stored in the water tank is discharged little by little, and corrosion due to the water stored in the water tank being stored for a long period of time can be prevented and is hygienic.

According to another invention, rainwater or the like that has passed through the pavement layer flows down into the side groove, flows through the side groove in a meandering or zigzag manner, reaches the drainage ditch, and is drained. As a result, the effect of suppressing the temperature rise of the pavement layer can be enhanced. Particularly, if water is dropped by providing a step in the drainage groove, vaporization is further promoted, and the effect of suppressing the temperature rise of the pavement layer can be further enhanced.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic view schematically showing a road surface cooling road structure according to a first embodiment of the present invention. A concrete water tank 2 is installed via a waterproof sheet (not shown) on the road bed 1 that has been hardened with the ground, and a concrete pavement layer 4 that constitutes a sidewalk is laid on the water tank 2. . A large number of through holes 6 are uniformly distributed throughout the pavement layer 4. The water tank 2 includes a plurality of water tanks 10 for storing rainwater and the like flowing in through the through holes 6 of the pavement layer 4 and a drainage passage 26 described later, and the side walls 8 a and 8 b constituting the water tank 2 are the width of the pavement layer 4. Supports both ends in the direction.

  A side groove 12 extending along the sidewalk is provided on one end side in the width direction of the sidewalk (the right end side in FIG. 1), and the side groove 12 is closed by an upper opening by a groove lid 14 and becomes a culvert. A roadway 18 is provided on the other side in the width direction of the sidewalk (left side in FIG. 1) in parallel with the sidewalk with the boundary block 16 in between.

  Each of the water reservoirs 10 is partitioned by partitions 20, 22, 24, and 11 that partition the water tank 2 in the width direction and length direction of the sidewalk, and each has a rectangular shape in plan view. The reservoirs 10 connected in the length direction of the sidewalk are equal in height, but with respect to the width direction of the sidewalk, one side in the width direction of the sidewalk (the left end in FIG. 1) Side) to the other end side (the right end side in FIG. 1), the height of the water reservoir 10 is lowered stepwise.

  Specifically, the height of the first partition wall 20 on one end side is lower than the height of the side wall 8a, the height of the second partition wall 22 in the center is lower than the height of the first partition wall 20, The height of the third partition wall 24 on the end side is lower than the height of the second partition wall 22.

  The side wall 8b at the other end in the width direction of the water storage tank 2 constitutes a drainage passage 26 together with the third partition wall 24, and the drainage passage 26 communicates with the lateral groove by a drainage passage 28 inclined downward. Although only one drainage channel 28 is shown in FIG. 1, a plurality of similar drainage channels are provided at appropriate intervals in the length direction of the sidewalk.

  FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the pavement layer 4 and the water tank 2. Rainwater that has fallen on the road surface, or rainwater such as sprinkling water or water sprinkled on the road surface, flows from the through holes 6 of the pavement layer 4 and is stored in each reservoir 10 of the water storage tank 2. Since a heat insulating space consisting of the dark room space S is secured between the water tank 10 having a staircase shape of the water tank 2 and the pavement layer 4, each water storage is also performed when the pavement layer 4 absorbs solar heat during the day. The temperature of the water in the tanks 10 is unlikely to rise, and in addition to the water stored in the water storage tanks 10 being vaporized, the water in each of the water storage tanks 10 overflows and flows out, thereby further promoting vaporization. The dark room space S is kept at a low temperature by taking heat away. For this reason, the pavement layer 4 is cooled while making the drainage of the road surface good. As a result, the heat storage of the pavement layer 4 during the day can be suppressed, and the heat accumulated by the pavement layer 4 during the daytime can be suppressed at night. The heat island phenomenon caused by the release can be alleviated. In addition, as long as water is stored in each reservoir 10, the effect of suppressing the temperature rise of the pavement layer 4 can be maintained.

  When raining, especially during heavy rain such as torrential rain, each reservoir 10 may become full, but since the reservoir 10 is configured in a terraced shape, the capacity of each reservoir 10 When rainwater or the like exceeding flows in, the water overflowing from one reservoir 10 produces a flow toward the lateral groove 12.

  That is, as shown by the arrows in FIG. 2, the water overflowing from the water reservoir 10 at one end in the width direction flows down to the water reservoir 10 at the center in the width direction along the upper end surface of the first partition wall 20, The water overflowing from the reservoir 10 flows down the upper end surface of the second partition wall 22 and flows down to the reservoir 10 on the other side in the width direction. The water overflowing from the lowermost stage, that is, the water reservoir 10 at the other end in the width direction, is drained into the side groove 12 (see FIG. 1) through the drainage passage 26 and the drainage passage 28.

  As described above, the reservoirs 10 are configured in a terraced shape, so that the water overflowing from each reservoir 10 can be smoothly drained to the side groove 12 side. When a large amount of water flows in, the water is filled up to the darkroom space S, and a large amount of rain water on the road surface can be absorbed to reduce flooding on the road.

  In addition, when there is no free space in the reservoir 10 and there is rainfall, a flow of water that flows between the reservoirs 10 is formed, so that vaporization is driven by the flow, and thereby the cooling effect of the dark room space S is improved. The temperature rise of the pavement layer 4 can be suppressed.

  FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of another example of the pavement layer 4 and the water tank 2. In the first to third partition walls 20, 22, and 24, first to third small-diameter through holes 30, 32, and 34 are formed near the bottom surface, respectively. For this reason, the water stored in each reservoir 10 is gradually drained into the side groove 12 shown in FIG. 1 through the drainage passage 26 and the drainage passage 28, so that each reservoir 10 always has a free capacity. Yes.

  As described above, since the first to third through holes 30, 32, and 34 are formed in each reservoir 10, the water stored in each reservoir 10 flows and is drained. It is possible to prevent water from stagnating and corroding.

  According to the present embodiment, in a state where each reservoir 10 has a free capacity, rainwater that has flowed from the through hole 6 of the pavement layer 4 is temporarily stored in an empty area of each reservoir 10 even if there is a heavy rain. Thus, the overflow of the side groove due to a large amount of rainwater flowing into the side groove 12 shown in FIG. 1 can be prevented. In particular, as shown in FIG. 1, when the side groove 12 is provided only on one side of the sidewalk, the amount of rainwater flowing into one side groove 12 is likely to increase compared to the case where side grooves are provided on both sides of the sidewalk. The dredging 10 can mitigate a rapid rainwater flow to the lateral groove 12.

  In addition, if a large amount of rainwater flows in due to torrential rain, or rain continues like during the rainy season, and the amount of inflow into the reservoir 10 continues more than the amount of drainage from the through holes 30, 32, or 34, As shown in FIG. 2, a flow of water overflowing from each reservoir 10 is formed.

  FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of still another example of the pavement layer 4 and the water storage tank 2, and the heights of the first to third through holes 30, 32, and 34 are decreased in order toward the drainage passage 26. is there. As a result, the water level of each reservoir 10 also decreases in order toward the drainage passage 26.

  FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of still another example, in which the water storage level of the water storage tank 10 at the center in the width direction is the highest, and the water storage levels of the water storage tanks 10 on both sides thereof are lower than the water storage level of the central water storage tank 10. The rice terraces are formed by forming as described above. In this example, since the water overflowing from the water reservoir 10 flows on both sides in the width direction of the sidewalk, the gutter 12 is applied to both sides of the sidewalk.

  The pavement layer shown in FIGS. 6 (a) and 6 (b) shows another embodiment of the pavement layer 4, and rectangular through-holes 52 are formed in a concrete base 50 at vertical and horizontal intervals, Rectangular tiles 54 are attached to the four corners of the through hole 52 to form a cross-shaped opening of the through hole 52 between the tiles so that the user can walk on the tile. By attaching the tile 54, it is possible to limit the opening size of each through hole 52 to ensure safety and to improve the design effect.

  FIG. 7 shows a discharge groove 40 provided in place of the water storage tank 2 described above. The flow path 41 is formed in a zigzag to provide a height difference as shown in FIG. Is flowed in a zigzag manner in the flow path 41 and discharged into the side groove 12.

  According to the present embodiment, the rainwater flowing in from the pavement layer 4 flows downstream in a zigzag without stagnation, so that corrosion due to water storage does not occur, vaporization is accelerated by the flow of water, and the pavement layer 4 The cooling effect of the dark room space between the two can be promoted. In order to further promote the vaporization, it is desirable to provide steps in one or more places in the flow path 41.

The schematic diagram of the road surface cooling road structure by 1st Embodiment. Sectional drawing of the said road surface cooling road structure. Sectional drawing of the road surface cooling road structure. Sectional drawing of the road surface cooling road structure. Schematic of the road surface cooling road structure. (a) is a top view of a roadbed body, (b) is the sectional view on the AA line of (a). The schematic plan view of a drain ditch. FIG.

Explanation of symbols

1. ・ Subgrade 2 ・ ・ Water tank 4 ・ Pavement layer 6 ・ Thru-holes 8a and 8b ・ ・ Side wall 10 ・ ・ Water storage tank 12 ・ ・ Gutter 14 ・ ・ Groove cover 16 ・ ・ Boundary block 18 ・ ・ Roadway 20 The first partition wall 22 The second partition wall 24 The third partition wall 26 The drain passage 28 The drain passage 30 The first through hole 32 The second through hole 34・ ・ Third through hole 40 ・ ・ Drain groove 41 ・ ・ Flow path 50 ・ ・ Base 52 ・ ・ Through hole 54 ・ ・ Tile S

Claims (2)

A pavement and a pavement layer having a permeability through which rainwater or the like permeates from the road surface or a pavement layer having a through hole through which rainwater or the like passes and a pavement installed on the pavement or in the middle of the pavement layer. A road surface cooling road structure having a water storage tank that receives rainwater or the like that has passed through the layer, and has a side groove extending along the pavement layer, and the water storage tank includes a plurality of water storage tanks Each reservoir is provided in a terraced shape with the height decreasing toward the side groove, and the water overflowing from the upper reservoir sequentially flows out to the lower reservoir and overflows from the lowest reservoir. A road surface cooling road structure configured such that the water that flows out flows into the side groove . The road surface cooling road structure according to claim 1, wherein a drainage hole for gradually discharging water in the water storage tank to the side groove is formed in the water storage tank.

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