JPH10140512A - Permeable block and manufacture thereof and permeable pavement - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To increase the temperature of a paving surface, and to prevent drying by installing a storage vessel, in which rainwater is stored, into a water permeable body formed of a water permeable material. SOLUTION: A storage vessel 3 is buried to a water permeable body 2 consisting of a water permeable material while the side walls of the vessel 3 are retreated to the sides inner than the side walls of the water permeable body 2 and the permeable block 1 is constituted, and the blocks 1 are laid on a subgrade and used as the surface layer of pavement. Rainwater permeated to the water permeable body 2 is stored in the vessel 3 at the time of a rainfall, flowed out while being crossed over the side walls of the vessel 3 after full water, and permeated to a ground through the water permeable body 2. The inside of the vessel 3 is filled with gravel, etc., as required, and overburden load is supported. The vessels 3 are arranged on the subgrade at regular intervals in place of the blocks 1, and a water-permeable solidifying material is placed from the upper section of the vessels 3 and the permeable pavement is formed. Accordingly, water in the vessels 3 is evaporated in summer and the temperature of a ground surface is robbed, a heat island phenomenon can be prevented, and atmospheric air is supplied with moisture in winter and the drying of cities can be obviated.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a permeable block such as a block or a tile mainly used for a pedestrian road or an urban road, a method for manufacturing the same, and a permeable pavement used for such a road.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art At first, water-permeable pavement uses a highly water-permeable material in place of water-tight asphalt, thereby promoting rainwater penetration and air communication to grow street trees. It was later adopted as a measure to reduce the burden on sewers and prevent flooding of urban rivers.In recent years, in addition to these objectives, sidewalk amenities, functionality of exercise facilities, and parks It is used for a wide range of purposes, such as ecosystem preservation.

[0003] The materials and construction methods for permeable pavement vary widely, and are generally classified into a method of casting a permeable asphalt mixture or concrete on site and a method of laying permeable tiles and blocks on site. in any case,
The surface layer is made of highly permeable material so that the rainwater that has fallen can penetrate underground.

[0004]

However, in the conventional permeable pavement, the rainwater that has poured down quickly penetrates into the ground due to its functional characteristics, and almost no moisture is retained near the pavement surface. Had a problem.

That is, when the ground surface is exposed or vegetation is present, a certain amount of water is maintained near the ground surface by the function of soil and vegetation. In addition to lowering the ground surface temperature by removing heat, it also serves to supply a constant amount of moisture to the dry atmosphere in winter, but if the ground surface is covered with permeable pavement, moisture will be retained near the ground surface However, in summer, the high temperature of the pavement surface caused the heat island phenomenon, and in winter, it caused the city to dry.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and provides a permeable block capable of preventing a pavement surface from becoming hot in summer and drying in winter, a method of manufacturing the same, and a permeable pavement. With the goal.

[0007]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a storage container for storing rainwater in a water-permeable body formed of a water-permeable material. Is installed.

Further, the water-permeable block of the present invention is obtained by filling the storage container with a granular material such as gravels capable of supporting an overload.

[0009] The water-permeable block of the present invention has a hollow portion formed in the storage container.

Further, in the water-permeable block of the present invention, the side wall of the storage container is retreated inward from the side surface of the block.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of manufacturing a water-permeable block, wherein the storage container for storing rainwater is placed in a mold disposed around the container with the opening of the storage container facing downward. It is to solidify by pouring a water-permeable solidifying material.

In the method of manufacturing a water-permeable block according to the present invention, a water-permeable body having a concave portion is formed of a water-permeable material, and a storage container for storing rainwater is fitted into the concave portion. It is something to put.

According to the permeable pavement of the present invention, in a permeable pavement in which the surface layer of the pavement section is formed of a permeable body, a storage container for storing rainwater is provided with a predetermined gap. And embedded in the permeable body.

Further, the permeable pavement of the present invention is such that the storage container is filled with a granular material such as gravels capable of supporting an overload.

Further, the permeable pavement of the present invention has a hollow portion formed in the storage container.

In the water-permeable block of the present invention, rainwater that has poured onto the top surface of the block penetrates through the block and is stored in a storage container installed inside. And
After the rain stops, the water in the container takes away the heat of the surroundings and turns into water vapor, which escapes from the upper surface of the block to the atmosphere while passing upward through the block.

When laying out the water-permeable blocks of the present invention, they may be used in combination with ordinary water-permeable blocks,
Only the water-permeable block of the present invention may be used. In the former case, the rainwater overflowing from the storage container penetrates into the ground through a normal permeable block, so that the rainwater does not accumulate on the pavement surface. In addition, the water retention function of rainwater can be adjusted by changing the arrangement and the ratio of the number of the water-permeable block of the present invention and the ordinary water-permeable block.

On the other hand, in the latter case, the water overflowing beyond the side wall of the storage container is passed through the water-permeable material that spreads around the side wall of the container by retreating the side wall of the storage container inward from the side surface of the block. There is no need to worry about rainwater accumulating on the pavement surface.

As the water permeable material, any material can be used as long as it can penetrate water, whether it is an inorganic material such as cement or a polymer material. Specifically, for example, a porous asphalt-based material or a concrete-based material that is made porous by increasing the proportion of coarse aggregate can be used.

The shape, size, material, structure, etc. of the storage container may be any specification as long as rainwater can be stored therein. For example, a box made of plastic or the like may be used, or a box made of concrete may be used. May be subjected to a waterproof treatment.

The interior of the storage container may be filled with a water-permeable material, but if the storage container is filled with granular material such as gravel capable of supporting an overlying load, rainwater will be removed from the granular material. Therefore, the water storage capacity is increased as compared with the case where the water is stored in the gap of the water-permeable material. Further, when a hollow portion is formed in the storage container, the storage capacity of rainwater further increases.

In order to manufacture the water-permeable block according to the present invention, a method of assembling a mold around the storage container and pouring a water-permeable solidifying material into the mold to integrate the two can be considered. If the permeable solidifying material is poured into a mold placed around the container with the opening of the storage container for storing the water facing downward and solidified, the inside of the storage container can be left as a hollow portion. Here, the water-permeable solidifying material means a material which becomes a water-permeable material in a solidified state. Also, when forming a water permeable body having a concave portion with a water permeable material and fitting a storage container for storing rainwater in the concave portion, the water permeable solidifying material enters the storage container to reduce the water storage capacity. There is no risk of reduction.

In the permeable pavement of the present invention, like the permeable block described above, rainwater that has poured onto the surface of the permeable body penetrates through the permeable body and partially penetrates directly into the ground. The rest is stored in a storage container buried inside. Then, after the rain stops, the water in the container takes away the heat of the surroundings and turns into water vapor, which escapes from the surface to the atmosphere while passing upward through the permeable body. In addition, the water overflowing beyond the side wall of the storage container penetrates into the ground through a water-permeable material that spreads in a gap between the adjacent storage container, so that there is no fear that rainwater accumulates on the pavement surface.

[0024]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, embodiments of a water-permeable block, a method for producing the same, and a water-permeable pavement according to the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1A is an overall perspective view of a water-permeable block according to this embodiment, and FIG. 1B is a vertical sectional view of the same. As can be seen from the figure, the water-permeable block 1 of the present embodiment comprises:
A storage container 3 for storing rainwater is embedded in a water-permeable body 2 formed of a water-permeable material.

The water-permeable material forming the water-permeable body 2 may be any material, such as an inorganic material such as cement or a polymer material, as long as it can permeate water. Specifically, for example, a porous asphalt-based material or a concrete-based material may be used by increasing the proportion of coarse aggregate.

The shape, size, material, structure, and the like of the storage container 3 may be any specification as long as rainwater can be stored therein. For example, a box made of plastic or the like may be used. However, as can be clearly understood from FIG. 2B, the side wall of the storage container 3 is retracted inward from the side surface of the water-permeable block 1, and as a result, the storage container 3
Is configured so that the water permeable material is surrounded around the side wall of the permeable member.

To manufacture the water-permeable block 1 according to this embodiment, a mold (not shown) is assembled around the storage container 3, and a water-permeable solidifying material is poured into the mold to integrate them. I just need.

FIG. 2 shows a state in which the permeable block 1 of the present embodiment is arranged so as to constitute the surface layer of the pavement section. As a configuration of the pavement cross section, for example, a subbase made of crusher oran may be provided on a subgrade and a surface layer may be formed thereon.

In the water-permeable block 1 of the present embodiment, the rainwater that has poured onto the upper surface of the block penetrates through the water-permeable body 2 of the block as shown in FIG. It is stored in the container 3. Then, after the inside of the container becomes full, it flows out beyond the side wall of the storage container 3, and the overflow water passes through the water-permeable material spreading around the container side wall, as shown by the arrow in FIG. Since it penetrates into the ground, there is no need to worry about rainwater accumulating on the pavement surface.

After the rain stops, the water in the storage container 3
As shown in (b), heat is removed from the surroundings to form water vapor, which escapes from the upper surface of the block to the atmosphere while passing through the permeable body 2 upward.

When arranging the water permeable blocks 1 of the present embodiment, the water permeable blocks 1 of the present embodiment are used.
May be used, but if it is used together with a normal permeable block without a storage function, the water retention function of rainwater can be adjusted by changing the arrangement and the ratio of the number of them .

As described above, according to the water-permeable block 1 of the present embodiment, the water-permeable body 2 made of a water-permeable material
Since the storage container 3 for storing rainwater is buried therein, a part of the rainwater that has dropped onto the upper surface of the block can be stored in the container.

Therefore, as in the case where soil and plants are present, a certain amount of water is maintained near the ground surface.
In the summer, the water stored in the storage container 3 removes the heat of the ground surface when the water evaporates, thereby lowering the ground surface temperature and preventing the heat island phenomenon. In addition, if it is used on a pavement surface of a walking space such as a pedestrian deck or open space, it is possible to improve the amenity of a sidewalk, and if it is used on a rooftop or the like, it is possible to reduce a building air-conditioning load. Furthermore, in winter, it plays a role in supplying a constant amount of moisture to the dry atmosphere, which helps prevent urban drying.

Further, since the side wall of the storage container 3 is made to recede inward from the side surface of the water-permeable body 2 formed of a water-permeable material, the water overflowing beyond the side wall of the storage container 3 is formed around the side wall of the container. Because it penetrates into the ground through the permeable material that spreads, there is no need to worry about rainwater accumulating on the pavement surface.

In this embodiment, the storage container is made of, for example, a plastic box. Instead, as shown in FIG. 3A, the inside of the concrete box 12 is covered with a waterproof sheet, a waterproof coating, or the like. Those subjected to waterproof treatment 11 may be used.

In this embodiment, an example in which the storage container 3 is filled with a water-permeable material has been described. Instead of filling the storage container 3 with the water-permeable material, as shown in FIG. It may be filled with supportable granular material 13 such as gravel. According to such a configuration, the rainwater is stored in the gap between the granular bodies 13, and the storage capacity of the rainwater can be increased as compared with the case where the rainwater is stored in the gap of the water-permeable material 2.

FIG. 4 shows a further modification for increasing the water storage amount. The water permeable block 21 according to the present modified example is similar to the water permeable block 1 in that the water permeable body 2 formed of a water permeable material is used.
Although the storage container 3 is installed in the storage container 3, unlike the block, a hollow portion 22 is formed in the storage container 3.

In this configuration, since the capacity of the storage container 3 is the water storage amount, it becomes possible to store much more rainwater than when the container is filled with a water-permeable material or granular material. Thus, a water-permeable block excellent in water retention can be formed.

As a method for manufacturing the water-permeable block 21, as shown in FIG. 5 (a), first, the mold 31 is placed around the storage container 3 with the opening of the storage container 3 facing downward. Next, as shown in FIG. 2B, a water-permeable solidifying material may be poured into the mold and solidified to form the water-permeable body 23. According to such a configuration, the water-permeable solidifying material can be left as a hollow portion without entering the storage container 3.

As another manufacturing method, as shown in FIG. 6A, the water permeable body 23 having the concave portion 41 and the storage container 3 are separately formed, and then the water permeable body 23 is stored in the concave portion 41 of the water permeable body 23. The container 3 may be fitted and filled with an adhesive as needed. According to such a configuration, there is no possibility that the water-permeable solidifying material enters the storage container 3 and the capacity thereof is reduced.

When the strength of the water-permeable block 21 is insufficient due to the hollow inside of the storage container 3, as shown in FIG. 6B, a partition 42 is provided in the storage container 3 to store the water. It is preferable to reinforce the container 3 and to support the permeable body 23 at multiple points.

In the present embodiment, the side wall of the storage container 3 is retracted inward from the side surface of the block. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 51 may be used as a water-permeable block 52 in which the side wall of the container is flush with the block side surface.

When the water permeable blocks 52 are laid out side by side, as shown in FIG. 7 (b), they are used together with a normal water permeable block 53 having no water retention function.

In such a configuration, the rainwater overflowing from the storage container 51 penetrates into the ground through the ordinary water-permeable block 53, so that the rainwater does not accumulate on the pavement surface. In addition, by changing the arrangement method and the number ratio of the water-permeable block 52 and the normal water-permeable block 53,
Rainwater retention function can be adjusted.

Further, in the present embodiment, the surface layer of the pavement section is constituted by laying and arranging the water-permeable blocks. However, instead of such a block type, as shown in FIG. The permeable pavement 63 may be formed by laying it on the roadbed 62 in a state where the permeable body 61 is formed by pouring the permeable solidifying material from above.

In such a configuration, the storage container 3 is buried in the permeable body 61 and has substantially the same operation and effect as the above-described embodiment described with reference to FIG.

In this water-permeable pavement 63, as in the case of the water-permeable block, the granular material 13
It is possible to increase the amount of water stored in the container by filling (FIG. (B)), and it is possible to further increase the amount of water stored by making the storage container 3 hollow. (c)). In addition, in the case of FIG.
The opening of the container is preferably closed in advance with a water-permeable sheet (not shown) such as cloth so that the water-permeable solidifying material does not flow into the inside.

[0049]

As described above, according to the water-permeable block according to the first aspect, part of the rainwater that has poured onto the top surface of the block is stored in the storage container to maintain a constant moisture near the ground surface. This makes it possible to prevent the heat island phenomenon in summer and the drying of cities in winter.

According to the water-permeable block of the second aspect, in addition to the effect of the first aspect, an effect that the amount of rainwater stored in the storage container can be increased can be obtained.

Further, according to the water-permeable block according to the third aspect, in addition to the effect of the first aspect, there is an effect that the amount of rainwater stored in the storage container can be greatly increased.

According to the water-permeable block according to the fourth aspect, in addition to the effect of the first aspect, rainwater accumulates on the pavement surface without using together with a normal water-permeable block having no water retention function. Is prevented from occurring.

Further, according to the method for manufacturing a water-permeable block according to the fifth aspect, there is no possibility that the water-permeable solidifying material flows into the storage container and the water storage capacity of the container is reduced.

According to the method for manufacturing a water-permeable block according to the sixth aspect, there is no possibility that the water-permeable solidifying material flows into the storage container and the water storage capacity of the container is reduced.

Further, according to the permeable pavement according to the seventh aspect, it is possible to store a part of the rainwater that has fallen on the pavement surface in the storage container and to maintain a constant moisture near the ground surface. It is possible to prevent the heat island phenomenon in the city and the drying of the city in the winter season.

According to the permeable pavement according to the eighth aspect, in addition to the effect of the seventh aspect, there is an effect that the amount of rainwater stored in the storage container can be increased.

According to the permeable pavement according to the ninth aspect, in addition to the effect of the seventh aspect, there is an effect that the amount of rainwater stored in the storage container can be greatly increased.

[0058]

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a view showing a water-permeable block according to the present embodiment, where (a) is an overall perspective view and (b) is a vertical sectional view.

FIGS. 2A and 2B are diagrams showing an operation of a water-permeable block according to the embodiment, in which FIG. 2A is a vertical sectional view showing a state during rainfall, and FIG.

FIG. 3 is a vertical cross-sectional view showing a water-permeable block according to a modification, in which (a) is an example in which a storage container is configured by performing a waterproof treatment on the inner surface of a concrete box, and (b) is an inside of the storage container. The figure which showed the example which each filled the granular material with each.

FIG. 4 is a view showing a water-permeable block according to another modification, in which (a) is an overall perspective view and (b) is a vertical sectional view.

5A and 5B are diagrams showing a method of manufacturing the water-permeable block shown in FIG. 4, wherein FIG. 5A shows a state in which a mold is arranged around a storage container, and FIG. Vertical cross-sectional views each showing a state in which is poured.

6A and 6B are diagrams showing another method of manufacturing the water permeable block shown in FIG. 4, wherein FIG. 6A shows a state in which a storage container is fitted into a concave portion of a water permeable body, and FIG. The figure which showed each modification.

FIGS. 7A and 7B are diagrams showing a water-permeable block according to another modification, wherein FIG. 7A is a vertical cross-sectional view, and FIG. 7B is a perspective view showing an arrangement state.

FIG. 8 is a vertical sectional view showing a permeable pavement, in which (a) shows a permeable pavement according to the present embodiment, and (b) and (c) show permeable pavements according to modifications.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1, 21, 52 Water-permeable block 2, 23, 61 Water-permeable body 3, 51 Storage container 13 Granular body 22 Hollow part 31 Type 41 Concavity 63 Water-permeable pavement

Claims (9)

[Claims] 1. A water-permeable block, wherein a storage container for storing rainwater is installed inside a water-permeable body formed of a water-permeable material. 2. The water-permeable block according to claim 1, wherein the storage container is filled with a granular material such as gravel capable of supporting an overhead load. 3. The water-permeable block according to claim 1, wherein a hollow portion is formed in the storage container. 4. The water-permeable block according to claim 1, wherein a side wall of the storage container is retracted inward from a side surface of the block. 5. A method for producing a water-permeable block, comprising: pouring a water-permeable solidifying material into a mold disposed around a storage container for storing rainwater with the opening thereof facing downward, and solidifying the material. . 6. A method for producing a water-permeable block, comprising forming a water-permeable body having a concave portion with a water-permeable material, and fitting a storage container for storing rainwater into the concave portion. 7. A water-permeable pavement in which the surface layer of the pavement section is formed of a water-permeable body, wherein a storage container for storing rainwater is embedded in the water-permeable body with a predetermined gap provided. 8. The permeable pavement according to claim 7, wherein the storage container is filled with a granular material such as gravel capable of supporting an overload. 9. The permeable pavement according to claim 7, wherein a hollow portion is formed in the storage container.