JP4626548B2 - Fiber bundle guide device for spinning machine and draft device for spinning machine - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a fiber bundle guide device in a spinning machine and a draft device of a spinning machine.

  Spinning machines such as spinning machines and drawing machines are provided with guide members for guiding fiber bundles. When the fiber bundle is guided by the guide member, the contact surface of the guide member with the fiber bundle is worn. In particular, when guiding the fiber bundle moving from the upstream side to the downstream side so as to narrow the width, that is, when guiding the fiber bundle while converging, the friction between the contact surface and the fiber bundle is increased and the fiber bundle is easily worn. .

Conventionally, a collector for a spinning machine has been proposed in which a wear-resistant material piece is embedded in a portion where the friction with the fiber bundle is the largest (see, for example, Patent Document 1). In Patent Document 1, as shown in FIG. 15 (a), in the drafting device 61 of the spinning machine, the wear resistance of the spinning machine collector 63 mounted so as to ride on the upper surface of the front bottom roller 62 is improved. Has been proposed. As shown in FIGS. 15 (b) and 15 (c), the spinning machine collector 63 is provided with a vertically drawn groove 65 in a plastic collector body 64, and ceramics are formed on both side surfaces of the narrowest portion of the vertically drawn groove 65. A round bar-shaped wear-resistant material piece 66 of a required length such as stainless steel is embedded. The spinning machine collector 63 is supported by a draft part (tenser) 68 via a wire 67.
Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 61-35568

  In the spinning machine collector 63 described in Patent Document 1, since the wear-resistant material piece 66 is embedded in the portion where the friction with the fiber bundle F is the largest so that the surface is exposed, the wear-resistant material piece 66 is not provided. In comparison, the renewal time of the spinning machine collector 63 can be extended. However, even the wear-resistant material piece 66 is inevitably worn away due to contact friction with the fiber bundle F, and the performance deteriorates with time. This becomes remarkable by increasing the spinning speed and using synthetic fibers stronger than cotton as the spinning fibers.

  In addition to the guide member described in Patent Document 1, in order to guide the fiber bundle in contact with the fiber bundle, it is necessary to reduce the friction on the surface of the guide member in order not to disturb the fiber arrangement in the fiber bundle. There is. In order to make the surface of the guide member in a low friction state, it is necessary to make the surface roughness fine by surface polishing, or to perform plating or coating. However, even if such measures are sufficient in initial performance, the performance deteriorates over time due to surface wear, damage, foreign matter adhesion, and the like.

  In addition, there is a demand for spinning in a draft device of a spinning machine at a draft higher than the current draft. However, in the current draft device, when the draft between the back roller and the middle roller is increased in order to achieve the draft, the width of the fiber bundle is widened between the back roller and the middle roller, Since the fiber bundle enters the middle roller, there is a problem that good drafting cannot be performed. When a guide member such as a trumpet is used to reduce the width of the expanded fiber bundle and enter the middle roller, the above problem due to wear of the guide member becomes significant.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and its purpose is to reduce the width of the fiber bundle without contacting the fiber bundle, without disturbing the fiber arrangement of the fiber bundle, and wear. Another object of the present invention is to provide a fiber bundle guide device in a spinning machine that can prevent the frictional state of a guide surface from deteriorating with time due to adhesion of foreign matter and foreign matter, and a spinning device draft device that includes the fiber bundle guide device.

  In order to achieve the above object, the invention described in claim 1 is a fiber bundle guiding device in a spinning machine that guides the fiber bundle moving from the upstream side to the downstream side so as to narrow the width. And in the state attached to the spinning machine, the guide member provided with the guide surface that narrows the width of the fiber bundle along the moving direction of the fiber bundle to be guided, and the fiber bundle is prevented from contacting the guide surface. Excitation means for vibrating the guide member so as to generate sound waves of sound pressure.

  In this invention, the guide member for guiding the fiber bundle is vibrated by the excitation means, and a sound wave is generated from the guide surface. Since the sound pressure of the generated sound wave is large enough to prevent the fiber bundle from contacting the guide surface, the fiber bundle does not contact the guide surface even when the guide member guides the fiber bundle to narrow the width. Move to. Further, it is possible to prevent foreign matter adhering to the fiber bundle from adhering to the guide surface. As a result, the fiber bundle can be guided in a low friction state in a state in which the friction state of the guide surface is prevented from deteriorating with time due to wear of the guide surface due to friction with the fiber bundle or adhesion of foreign matter.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the present invention, the guide member is composed of a pair of flat plates arranged in parallel to each other, and the guide surface is composed of opposing surfaces of the flat plate. In this invention, it becomes possible to easily adjust to a desired guide width by changing the flat plate arrangement interval.

  The invention according to claim 3 is the invention according to claim 1, wherein the guide member is configured by a pair of plates arranged to face each other, and the pair of plates has an interval between the opposing surfaces of the fiber bundle. It is formed so that the upstream side is wider than the downstream side in the advancing direction, and the guide surface is constituted by an opposing surface of the plate. Here, “so that the upstream side becomes wider than the downstream side” not only means that the interval gradually increases from the downstream side toward the upstream side, but also the interval is constant from the downstream side to the middle, and from the middle to the upstream side. This includes the case where the interval gradually becomes larger toward. In the present invention, it is easy to introduce the fiber bundle between the guide surfaces even when the interval on the downstream side of the guide surfaces is narrow.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the present invention, the guide surface is formed in a cylindrical shape whose cross-sectional shape decreases from the upstream side to the downstream side in the traveling direction of the fiber bundle. According to the present invention, the fiber bundle guide device can be easily downsized as compared with the case where the guide surface is constituted by flat plates provided to face each other.

  The invention according to claim 5 is the invention according to claim 1, wherein the guide member has one end from the other end of the cylindrical body whose cross-sectional shape decreases from the upstream side to the downstream side in the traveling direction of the fiber bundle. The guide surface is formed by the inner surface thereof. According to the present invention, the fiber bundle guide device can be easily downsized as compared with the case where the guide surface is constituted by flat plates provided to face each other. Moreover, it becomes easier to introduce the fiber bundle into the guide member as compared with the case where the guide member is formed in a cylindrical shape.

  According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a draft device for a spinning machine, wherein the fiber bundle guiding device according to any one of the first to fifth aspects is provided between a back roller and a middle roller around which an apron is wound. Is arranged. In the present invention, the width of the fiber bundle is reduced to a desired width before the fiber bundle enters the middle roller around which the apron is wound. Therefore, even if the draft device is driven so that the draft in the back zone is increased and the draft as a whole is increased as compared with the conventional case, the draft in the apron zone is performed well. Since the fiber bundle guide device narrows the width of the fiber bundle in a non-contact state, the friction between the fiber bundle and the guide surface does not hinder the running of the fiber bundle.

  According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, there is provided a drafting device for a spinning machine in which the fiber bundle guiding device according to any one of the first to fifth aspects is disposed between a final delivery roller and a roller immediately preceding the roller. ing. Here, “the roller immediately before that” means a roller located immediately upstream of the final delivery roller in the traveling direction of the fiber bundle.

  In this invention, before the fiber bundle enters the final delivery roller, the width of the fiber bundle can be narrowed and guided to the final delivery roller, and the fiber bundle sent from the final delivery roller is twisted in a tightened state. Therefore, there is little yarn unevenness and fluff and a high strength yarn can be obtained. Since the fiber bundle moves without contacting the guide surface, the fiber bundle can be guided in a state where the width of the fiber bundle is narrower than in the case of providing a guide member that contacts and guides the fiber bundle. Further, by adjusting the amplitude of the guide surface, it is possible to control the texture of the yarn of the spun product.

  The invention according to claim 8 is the invention according to claim 7, wherein the guide member of the fiber bundle guide device has a guide portion extending toward a nip portion of the final delivery roller. In this invention, the fiber bundle can be smoothly guided to the nip portion of the final delivery roller.

  According to the present invention, the width of the fiber bundle can be reduced without contacting the fiber bundle, the fiber arrangement of the fiber bundle is not disturbed, and the frictional state of the guide surface is changed over time due to wear or adhesion of foreign matter. Deterioration can be prevented.

(First embodiment)
Hereinafter, a first embodiment in which the present invention is embodied in a drafting device of a spinning machine will be described with reference to FIGS. 1A is a schematic side view of the draft device, FIG. 1B is a schematic plan view of the fiber bundle guide device, and FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of the fiber bundle guide device.

  As shown in FIG. 1A, the draft device 11 has a three-wire configuration including a front bottom roller 12, a middle bottom roller 13, and a back bottom roller 14. The middle bottom roller 13 and the back bottom roller 14 are supported via support brackets 16 and 17 fixed to a roller stand 15 constituting the machine base so that the position of the middle bottom roller 13 and the back bottom roller 14 can be adjusted in the front-rear direction. The support brackets 16 and 17 are fastened and fixed at predetermined positions by bolts 16a and 17a passing through elongated holes (not shown) formed in the roller stand 15 and nuts not shown. The bottom apron 13 a is wound around the bottom tensor 19 and the middle bottom roller 13.

  The weighting arm 20 includes a front top roller 21, a middle top roller 22, and a back top roller 23 at positions corresponding to the front bottom roller 12, the middle bottom roller 13, and the back bottom roller 14 via top roller support members, respectively. It is supported. The top apron 22 a is wound around the tensor 24 and the middle top roller 22.

  A lever 20a is disposed on the weighting arm 20 so as to be rotatable between a pressure position and a release position. In a state where the lever 20a is disposed at a pressure position where the lever 20a contacts the frame 20b of the weighting arm 20 shown in FIG. 1A, the top rollers 21, 22, and 23 supported by the weighting arm 20 are moved to the bottom roller 12. , 13 and 14 are held in a locked state at the pressurizing position (spinning position). Further, when the lever 20a is rotated to the upper release position from the state shown in FIG. 1A, the locked state is released.

  A fiber bundle guide device 30 is disposed between the back roller and the middle roller, that is, between the back bottom roller 14 and the middle bottom roller 13. The fiber bundle guiding device 30 guides the fiber bundle F moving from the upstream side to the downstream side so as to narrow the width.

  As shown in FIGS. 1B and 2, the fiber bundle guide device 30 includes a guide member 31 having a guide surface 31a (shown only in FIG. 2) along the moving direction of the fiber bundle F to be guided, and a guide. Excitation means 32 that vibrates the guide member 31 so as to generate a sound pressure that prevents the fiber bundle F from contacting the surface 31a is provided. The guide member 31 is composed of a pair of flat plates arranged in parallel to each other, and the guide surface 31a is composed of opposing surfaces of the flat plates. The guide member 31 is formed wide so that the portion of the guide surface 31a extends along the moving direction of the fiber bundle F, and is formed in a cross shape as a whole.

  A so-called Langevin type vibrator is used as the vibrator 33 constituting the excitation means 32, and includes a pair of ring-shaped piezoelectric elements 34a and 34b. A ring-shaped electrode plate 35 is disposed between the piezo elements 34a and 34b, and metal blocks 36 and 37 that are in contact with the surface of the piezo elements 34a and 34b opposite to the side in contact with the electrode plate 35 are secured by bolts (not shown). The vibrator 33 is configured by tightening and fixing. The bolt is screwed into a screw hole (not shown) formed in the metal block 36 from the metal block 37 side. Both metal blocks 36 and 37 are electrically connected to each other via bolts. A flange 36a is formed at the tip of the metal block 36, and the metal block 36 is fixed to an attachment piece 38 at the flange 36a. The vibrator 33 is fixed to the support bracket 16 by a bolt (not shown) via the attachment piece 38.

  The guide member 31 is fixed to a horn 40 that is excited by a vibrator 33. The horn 40 is formed in a shape in which a truncated cone and a column that become narrower toward the tip end side, and is fixed to one end of the guide member 31 by brazing at the tip end. The horn 40 is fixed to the vibrator 33 on the surface opposite to the surface on which the guide member 31 is fastened. The front end surface of the horn 40 is formed on a plane orthogonal to the axial direction of the vibrator 33. The pair of guide members 31 are configured such that the distance between the guide surfaces 31a can be adjusted by adjusting the fixing position of the mounting piece 38 with respect to the support bracket 16.

  The vibrator 33 is connected to the oscillator 39. The electrode plate 35 is connected to the oscillator 39 via the wiring 41a, and the ground terminal of the oscillator 39 is connected to the metal block 37 via the wiring 41b. The vibrator 33, the horn 40, and the oscillator 39 constitute the excitation means 32 that vibrates the guide member 31. The oscillator 39 excites the vibrator 33 so as to vibrate the guide member 31 at a frequency higher than the human audible region.

Next, the operation of the apparatus configured as described above will be described.
Prior to the operation of the spinning machine, the positions of the middle bottom roller 13 and the back bottom roller 14 are adjusted to appropriate positions by adjusting the positions of the support brackets 16 and 17 in accordance with the spinning raw material. The positions of the middle top roller 22 and the back top roller 23 are also adjusted corresponding to the positions of the middle bottom roller 13 and the back bottom roller 14. Further, the distance between the pair of guide members 31 is adjusted to an appropriate position by adjusting the position of the attachment piece 38.

  When the spinning machine is operated, the fiber bundle F is drafted by the draft device 11 and then sent out from the front roller. The fiber bundle F passes through the nip points of the front bottom roller 12 and the front top roller 21, and then twists. Move downstream while receiving. During operation of the spinning machine, the oscillator 33 is driven to drive the vibrator 33 at a predetermined resonance frequency (for example, around 34 kHz) of the guide member 31, so that the horn 40 is longitudinally vibrated and the guide member 31 is moved via the horn 40. Vibrate. A sound wave is emitted from the guide surface 31 a of the guide member 31. This vibration frequency is set so that the sound pressure of the sound wave radiated from the guide surface 31a of the guide member 31 is large enough to prevent the fiber bundle F from contacting the guide surface 31a.

  While moving the draft device 11 from the upstream side to the downstream side, the fiber bundle F moves while being guided to be narrowed by the fiber bundle guide device 30. While the fiber bundle F passes between the guide surfaces 31a of the pair of guide members 31, the bottom apron 13a and the width of the fiber bundle F are reduced to, for example, ¼ or less of the width on the upstream side of the guide member 31. Enter between the top apron 22a.

  If the pair of guide members 31 is stationary, the friction between the guide surface 31a and the fiber bundle F increases, and the fiber arrangement of the fiber bundle F may be disturbed when the fiber bundle F passes between the guide members 31. The fiber bundle F is cut. However, during operation of the spinning machine, the guide member 31 is vibrated, and the fiber bundle F is prevented from coming into contact with the guide surface 31a by the sound pressure of the ultrasonic waves radiated from the guide member 31. As a result, even if the width of the fiber bundle F is significantly narrower than the width on the upstream side of the guide member 31, the frictional force when passing between the guide surfaces 31a is greatly reduced.

  Conventionally, in the spinning machine, the draft of the back zone is 1.1 to 1.3 times, and in the apron zone is about 50 times at maximum, and the total is about 60 to 70 times, but I want to raise the draft to about 120 times There is a request. In order to satisfy this demand, it is conceivable to increase the draft of the back zone more than twice. However, when the draft of the back zone is increased to nearly twice with the current draft device, the width of the fiber bundle F that has come out of the back roller is wider than when the draft is 1.1 to 1.3 times. Enter the apron in a large state. In order to perform drafting well, frictional force between the fibers is necessary. However, if the fiber bundle F is widened, the frictional force between the fibers becomes insufficient when entering the apron. Is not done well.

  The draft device 11 is driven in a state where the draft of the back zone is set to double, and the effect of the fiber bundle guide device 30 is examined. As a result, the draft of the back zone is doubled by providing the fiber bundle guide device 30. Also, it was confirmed that the drafting was performed well.

(Example)
The guide member 31 was cut from a cold-rolled aluminum alloy plate having a thickness of 2 mm, and a fiber bundle guide device 30 was manufactured using a Langevin vibrator as the vibrator 33. The fiber bundle guide device 30 was disposed between the middle roller and the back roller with the distance between the guide members 31 set to 0.75 mm. The test was performed by driving the draft device 11 under the conditions that the width of the fiber bundle F fed from the back roller to the middle roller was 4 mm and the draft of the back zone was 2.0. The rotation speed of the back bottom roller 14 is 4 to 5 r. p. m, and the outer peripheral length of the back bottom roller 14 is about 100 mm, the moving speed of the fiber bundle F is about 400 to 500 mm / min.

  The results are shown in FIGS. FIG. 3 shows a change in torque of the drawing-side roller (middle bottom roller 13) when the guide member 31 is vibrated (ultrasonic ON) and when the guide member 31 is not vibrated (ultrasonic OFF). FIG. 4 shows fluctuations in the mass of the fiber bundle F (fleece) when the guide member 31 is vibrated and when the guide member 31 is not vibrated. The vertical axis in FIG. 4 indicates the output level of the detector corresponding to the fiber bundle mass.

  As is apparent from FIG. 3, the torque of the drawing roller is greatly reduced in the ultrasonic ON state compared to the ultrasonic OFF state. This is because the resistance (friction) when the fiber bundle F passes through the guide member 31 is large in the state where the ultrasonic wave is OFF, and the resistance when the fiber bundle F passes through the guide member 31 is small in the state where the ultrasonic wave is ON. It proves that it is. The torque of the drawing roller in the ultrasonic ON state is substantially the same as the torque when no guide member that narrows the width of the fiber bundle is provided between the middle bottom roller 13 (drawing roller) and the back bottom roller 14. I'm doing it. This means that the fiber bundle F does not contact the guide surface 31a due to the sound pressure radiated from the guide surface 31a even if the distance between the guide surfaces 31a is very narrow compared to the width of the upstream fiber bundle F. This supports the passage between the guide surfaces 31a.

  As is clear from FIG. 4, the mass of the fiber bundle F changes with a small fluctuation range centering on the position of the output level in the case of the back zone draft 2.0 in the ultrasonic ON state. It can be seen that is correctly performed. On the other hand, in the state where the ultrasonic wave is OFF, the mass of the fiber bundle F greatly fluctuates, and it can be confirmed that the draft is not sufficiently performed. In a guide method in which the guide surface 31a is brought into contact with the fiber bundle F and a compressive force is applied to the fiber bundle F, the fibers are unplugged due to unevenness of the fiber bundle F when passing through the guide member 31. The mass will be greatly reduced at the part where it is. And the mass fluctuation | variation per unit length of the fiber bundle F will be in the state expanded. Therefore, it is supported from this that the fiber bundle F passes between the guide surfaces 31a without contacting the guide surfaces 31a due to the sound pressure radiated from the guide surfaces 31a in the ultrasonic ON state.

This embodiment has the following effects.
(1) When the fiber bundle guide device 30 is attached to the spinning machine, the fiber bundle F contacts the guide member 31 having the guide surface 31a along the moving direction of the fiber bundle F to be guided, and the guide surface 31a. Excitation means for vibrating the guide member 31 so as to generate a sound wave having a sound pressure to prevent the above. Therefore, the fiber bundle F can be guided in a low friction state in a state in which the friction state of the guide surface 31a is prevented from being deteriorated with time due to wear of the guide surface 31a due to friction with the fiber bundle F or adhesion of foreign matter. it can. Further, since the guide surface 31a extends along the moving direction of the fiber bundle F, the fiber bundle F moves along the guide surface 31a in a state compressed in the width direction, and then between the bottom apron 13a and the top apron 22a. Enter. Therefore, unlike the case where the guide surface is an arc surface and the portion where the distance between the guide surfaces is narrow is very short in the movement direction of the fiber bundle F, the fiber bundle F is bottom apron in a state where the fiber bundle F is narrowed to a desired width. Enter between 13a and top apron 22a.

  (2) The guide member 31 is composed of a pair of flat plates arranged in parallel to each other, and the guide surface 31a is composed of opposing surfaces of the flat plates. Therefore, the distance of the guide surface 31a which opposes can be changed by changing the arrangement | positioning space | interval of a flat plate. Therefore, it becomes possible to easily adjust the spacing of the guide surfaces 31a to an appropriate desired guide width corresponding to the spinning conditions in response to changes in the spinning conditions such as the thickness of the spinning yarn.

  (3) In the draft device 11, the fiber bundle guide device 30 is disposed between the back roller and the middle roller. Therefore, when the back zone draft is enlarged and the total draft amount is about 120 times, it can be performed well by changing the back zone draft to about twice without changing the apron zone draft. Become.

(4) Since the guide member 31 is vibrated at a higher frequency than the human audible region, noise due to vibration does not occur even if the vibration type fiber bundle guide device 30 is provided.
(Second Embodiment)
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In this embodiment, the final delivery roller pair is provided on the downstream side in the fiber bundle traveling direction of the three-wire draft section, and the fiber bundle guide device 30 is disposed between the final delivery roller pair and the roller immediately before it. Unlike the first embodiment, the other configurations are basically the same as those of the first embodiment, and therefore, the same reference numerals are given to the same parts and the detailed description thereof is omitted. .

As shown in FIG. 6, the draft device 11 has a four-wire configuration in which a final delivery roller pair 26 is provided on the downstream side in the fiber bundle traveling direction of the three-wire draft unit. The three-wire draft section includes a front bottom roller 12, a middle bottom roller 13, a bottom apron 13a, a back bottom roller 14, a front top roller 21, a middle top roller 22, a top apron 22a, a back top roller 23, and a tensioner 24. Yes.

  The final delivery roller pair 26 includes a bottom nip roller 26a supported by the roller stand 15 and a top nip roller 26b supported by the weighting arm 20 via a support member. Similarly to the front top roller 21 of the draft device 11, the top nip roller 26b is supported by the weighting arm 20 via a support member every two spindles.

The fiber bundle guide device 30 is disposed between the final delivery roller pair 26 and the front bottom roller 12 and the front top roller 21 which are the immediately preceding rollers.
The guide member 31 is composed of a pair of plates arranged to face each other, and the guide surface 31a is composed of facing surfaces of the pair of plates. As shown in FIG. 5B, the pair of plates are formed such that the distance between the opposing surfaces, that is, the distance between the guide surfaces 31a is wider on the upstream side than the downstream side in the traveling direction of the fiber bundle F. Specifically, the guide member 31 is formed so that the upstream side is wider from the center of the guide surface 31a toward the upstream side, and is formed at a constant interval from the center to the downstream side. Yes.

  As shown in FIGS. 6 and 5A, the guide member 31 has a shape seen from the side so as to have a guide portion 31b extending toward the nip portion of the final delivery roller, that is, the bottom nip roller 26a and the top nip roller 26b. Is formed in a substantially cross shape. The guide part 31b is formed so that a width | variety becomes narrow toward the advancing direction of the fiber bundle F. As shown in FIG. That is, the guide member 31 is not a pair of flat plates but a pair of curved plates, and a guide portion 31b is formed so that the width becomes narrower toward the tip. Is different from the guide member 31 of the first embodiment.

  The excitation means 32 that vibrates the guide member 31 is the same as in the first embodiment. The vibrator 33 is fixed to the roller stand 15 with a bolt (not shown) via an attachment piece 38.

Next, the operation of the apparatus configured as described above will be described.
Prior to the operation of the spinning machine, the positions of the middle bottom roller 13 and the back bottom roller 14 are adjusted to appropriate positions by adjusting the positions of the support brackets 16 and 17 in accordance with the spinning raw material. The positions of the middle top roller 22 and the back top roller 23 are also adjusted corresponding to the positions of the middle bottom roller 13 and the back bottom roller 14. Further, the distance between the pair of guide members 31 is adjusted to an appropriate position by adjusting the position of the attachment piece 38. Although it depends on the spinning conditions, the distance between the downstream ends of the pair of guide surfaces 31a is set to 1 mm or less.

  When the spinning machine is operated, the fiber bundle F is drafted by the three-line draft portion of the draft device 11, and then guided to the nip portion of the final delivery roller pair 26 through the guide surface 31a of the guide member 31, It is sent from the final delivery roller pair 26. During operation of the spinning machine, the oscillator 33 is driven to drive the vibrator 33 at a predetermined resonance frequency (for example, around 34 kHz) of the guide member 31, so that the horn 40 vibrates longitudinally and the guide member 31 is moved via the horn 40. Vibrate. After passing the nip point of the bottom nip roller 26a and the top nip roller 26b, the fiber bundle F moves downstream while being twisted and wound around a bobbin (not shown). The final delivery roller pair 26 is rotated slightly faster than the surface speeds of the front bottom roller 12 and the front top roller 21, and the fiber bundle F is turned and twisted after passing the nip point of the final delivery roller pair 26 in an appropriate tension state. Moves downstream while being hung.

  The fiber bundle F drafted by the three-line draft section is guided to the final delivery roller pair 26 in a state where the width is compressed to 1 mm or less while passing through the guide surface 31a, and passes the nip point. Accordingly, as compared with a spinning machine equipped with a three-wire draft device not equipped with the fiber bundle guide device 30, the generation of fluff and cotton falling is suppressed, and the yarn quality is improved.

  As a spinning machine that improves the yarn quality by suppressing the generation of fluff and cotton falling, the fiber bundle F drafted by a three-line draft device is converged by a fiber bundle concentrator using a suction action, and a nip roller A device configured to send the pair downstream is proposed and implemented. The fiber bundle concentrating device has a suction portion having a guide surface provided with a suction hole between a final delivery roller pair of a draft part and a nip roller pair provided on the downstream side thereof, and in a state of sliding on the guide surface. And a perforated belt (mesh belt) that is rotated.

  In the configuration in which the fiber bundle F is converged using the suction action, air suction is performed on the entire spindle, and thus power consumption increases. In addition, to obtain a spun yarn of stable quality, maintenance such as periodic removal of fluff adhering to the perforated belt and replacement work due to wear of the perforated belt is necessary, but the configuration of the focusing mechanism is complicated. Therefore, there are problems such as a lot of man-hours.

  However, the fiber bundle guide device 30 of this embodiment is configured so that the sound pressure of the sound wave emitted from the guide surface 31a of the guide member 31 prevents the fiber bundle F from contacting the guide surface 31a. Because of the structure that guides while compressing, it consumes less power compared to the structure that uses the suction action to focus, and maintenance such as periodic removal or replacement of fluff from the guide member 31 is unnecessary. become.

  Also, in the configuration in which the fiber bundle F is converged by using the suction action, the texture (smooth and touch) of the spun yarn cannot be controlled even if the suction force is adjusted, and the fiber bundle concentrator is functioned for spinning. Can only switch between spinning of spun yarn (compact yarn) obtained by performing spinning and spinning of ordinary yarn obtained by spinning without functioning the fiber bundle focusing device. It was.

However, in the fiber bundle guide device 30 of this embodiment, the texture of the spun yarn can be adjusted by changing the conditions for vibrating the guide member 31. Spinning obtained in the case of changing the amplitude of the diaphragm which is one of the excitation conditions of the guide member 31, that is, the amplitude of the guide surface 31 a, with the middle count cotton yarn (cotton comb: 40th count) as the spun yarn The yarn was inspected to determine the number of long fluff (length 6 mm) and short fluff (length 1 mm) present per 100 m. The spinning machine was operated at a spindle rotation speed of 20000 rpm and a surface speed of the final delivery roller pair 26 of about 20 m / min. The results are shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, respectively. 7 and 8, the amplitude is displayed as a relative value with the standard being 100%.

  Further, a cotton yarn having a middle count (cotton comb: 40th count) as the spun yarn was obtained in the case where the diaphragm interval, which is one of the excitation conditions of the guide member 31, that is, the interval of the guide surface 31a was changed. The spun yarn was inspected to determine the number of long fluff (length 6 mm) and short fluff (length 1 mm) present per 100 m. The results are shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, respectively. In FIGS. 9 and 10, the interval is displayed as a relative value with the standard being 100%.

Here, the long fluff (length 6 mm) is a fluff that gets in the way of weaving and the like, and the short fluff (length 1 mm) is a fluff that affects the texture.
As shown in FIG. 7, when the guide member 31 is vibrated with a standard amplitude, the number of short fluffs is a case of a compact yarn obtained by a fiber bundle concentrating device that condenses the fiber bundle F using a suction action. It is a value equal to or less than the level of the number of fluff (shown by a dotted line in FIG. 7) (about 7400 pieces). However, when the amplitude of the guide member 31 was 25% or 50% smaller than the standard amplitude, the number of short fluffs increased to about 9200 from the standard amplitude. The number of short fluffs of ordinary yarn spun by a normal spinning machine not equipped with the fiber bundle guiding device 30 is about 12400.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 8, the number of long fluffs hardly changed at about 30 pieces even when the amplitude of the guide member 31 was changed. Note that the number of long fluffs of ordinary yarn spun by an ordinary spinning machine not equipped with the fiber bundle guiding device 30 is about 330 pieces. Accordingly, when the fiber bundle guide device 30 configured to compress and guide the fiber bundle F with the sound pressure generated by the vibration of the guide member 31 from FIGS. 7 and 8 is used, it is obstructed in the weaving process or the like by changing the amplitude. It is proved that it is possible to adjust the texture of the spun yarn with almost no increase in the long fluff.

  As shown in FIG. 9, when the guide member 31 is vibrated at a standard interval, the number of short fluffs in the case of a compact yarn obtained by a fiber bundle concentrating device that condenses the fiber bundle F using a suction action is shown. The value is equal to or less than the level of the number of fluffs (illustrated by a dotted line in FIG. 9) (about 7400 pieces). However, when the interval between the guide members 31 was changed from the standard interval, the number of short fluffs changed. For example, when the interval is increased by 25% from the standard case, the number of short fluffs slightly increases to about 7600, and when the interval is increased by 50% from the standard case, the number of short fluffs is about 9500. The number of short fluffs increased to about 10200 when the interval was increased by 75% from the standard case.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 10, the number of long fluffs hardly changed after about 40 pieces even when the interval between the guide members 31 was changed. Accordingly, when the fiber bundle guide device 30 configured to compress and guide the fiber bundle F with the sound pressure generated by the vibration of the guide member 31 from FIGS. 9 and 10 is used, it is obstructed in the weaving process or the like by changing the interval. It is proved that it is possible to adjust the texture of the spun yarn with almost no increase in the long fluff.

  The surface speeds of the final delivery roller pair 26 and the front bottom roller 12 and the front top roller 21 which are the rollers immediately before the same may be the same, but depending on the yarn type, it is better to increase the relative surface speed of the final delivery roller pair 26. The yarn quality of the spun yarn may be improved. For example, in the case of a raw material having a short fiber length (for example, when the average fiber length is about 28 mm), it is better to slightly increase the relative surface speed of the final delivery roller pair 26.

According to this embodiment, the following effect can be obtained in addition to the same effect as (4) in the first embodiment.
(5) The fiber bundle guide device 30 is provided between the final delivery roller pair 26 and the front bottom roller 12 and the front top roller 21, and includes a guide surface 31a along the moving direction of the fiber bundle F to be guided. A guide member 31 and excitation means for vibrating the guide member 31 so as to generate a sound wave having a sound pressure for preventing the fiber bundle F from contacting the guide surface 31a are provided. Accordingly, it is possible to prevent the frictional state of the guide surface 31a from being deteriorated with time due to wear of the guide surface 31a due to friction with the fiber bundle F or adhesion of foreign matter, and the final delivery roller pair 26 in a state where the fiber bundle F is compressed. To the bottom nip roller 26a and the top nip roller 26b. Therefore, before the fiber bundle F enters the final delivery roller pair 26, the width of the fiber bundle F can be narrowed and guided to the final delivery roller pair 26. The fiber bundle F delivered from the final delivery roller pair 26 is Since the twist is applied in a tightened state, there is little yarn unevenness and fluff, and a high strength yarn can be obtained. Since the fiber bundle F moves without being in contact with the guide surface 31a, it is possible to guide the fiber bundle F in a state where the width of the fiber bundle F is narrower than in the case of providing a guide member that contacts and guides the fiber bundle F. it can. Further, the texture of the spun product (spun yarn) can be controlled by adjusting the amplitude of the guide surface 31a.

  (6) The guide member 31 is composed of a pair of plates arranged opposite to each other, and the guide surface 31a is composed of opposing surfaces of both plates. Therefore, the distance between the opposing guide surfaces 31a can be changed by changing the arrangement interval between the two plates. Therefore, it becomes possible to easily adjust the spacing of the guide surfaces 31a to an appropriate desired guide width corresponding to the spinning conditions in response to changes in the spinning conditions such as the thickness of the spinning yarn. Further, by changing the interval, it is possible to control the texture of the spun product (spun yarn).

  (7) The pair of plates constituting the guide member 31 is formed such that the distance between the opposing surfaces constituting the guide surface 31a is wider on the upstream side than the downstream side in the traveling direction of the fiber bundle F. Therefore, even when the interval between the guide surfaces 31a is narrow, it is easy to introduce the fiber bundle F between the guide surfaces 31a.

  (8) The guide member 31 of the fiber bundle guide device 30 has a guide portion 31 b extending toward the nip portion of the final delivery roller pair 26. Therefore, the fiber bundle F can be smoothly guided to the nip portion of the final delivery roller pair 26.

  (9) Since the fiber bundle guiding device 30 is configured to compress and guide the fiber bundle F with the sound pressure generated by the vibration of the diaphragm, the fiber bundle guiding device 30 is different from the configuration in which the fiber bundle F is focused using a suction action. The configuration of 30 is simple. Accordingly, the fiber bundle guide device 30 itself can be driven in conjunction with the traverse mechanism of the fiber bundle F, and the polishing cycle of the rubber roller constituting the draft device 11 can be lengthened.

The embodiment is not limited to the above, and may be configured as follows, for example.
The fiber bundle guide device 30 has a shape having parallel guide surfaces facing each other by bending both sides of one flat plate instead of a configuration in which parallel flat plates are vibrated by independent vibrators 33 as guide members 31. The guide member may be used and the guide member may be vibrated by a vibrator. In this case, the distance between the guide surfaces cannot be adjusted in accordance with the width (thickness) of the fiber bundle F used as the spinning raw material. It is necessary to replace the guide member.

  ○ The guide member is not limited to a flat plate arranged in parallel. For example, depending on the purpose, the cross-sectional shape decreases from the upstream side to the downstream side in the traveling direction of the fiber bundle F, and the outer shape is formed in a cylindrical shape such as a truncated cone shape, a truncated pyramid shape, an elliptical truncated cone shape, etc. To do. And you may make it comprise a guide surface by the inner surface. Moreover, you may use what was formed in the cylinder shape with a fixed cross-sectional shape. Since vibrations caused by piezoelectric materials (piezo elements) can add a plurality of modes, the piezoelectric material can be attached to the guide member so as to perform longitudinal vibration and lateral vibration, so that it can be efficiently used even in a cylindrical shape. It can be vibrated.

  The excitation means is not limited to the Langevin type vibrator as long as a desired frequency and amplitude can be obtained. Moreover, it is good also as a structure which affixes a piezoelectric material (piezoelectric element) directly to a guide member, without providing a horn. For example, when the guide member is formed in a cylindrical shape, the piezoelectric material 42 is attached to the outer periphery of the guide member 50 having the guide surface 50a as shown in FIG.

The excitation means may be configured by using a magnetostrictive element or a giant magnetostrictive element instead of the vibrator 33 formed using a piezoelectric material.
○ The vibration frequency of the guide member 31 is selected to be a frequency with high oscillation efficiency in consideration of the material, shape, size, thickness of the fiber bundle F to be guided, etc. It is preferable that the frequency is 15 KHz or more, which is difficult to hear. However, even in the audible region, since it is a small sound compared with other sounds generated during the operation of the spinning machine, the frequency in the audible region may be used.

A plurality of guide members 31 may be configured in the same vibration system, and one excitation means, that is, the vibrator and the oscillator 39 may be configured as one.
A plurality of vibrators provided on a plurality of spindles of a spinning machine or a piezoelectric material directly attached to the guide member 31 may be excited by a single oscillator 39.

  The guide member 31 is not limited to the configuration arranged between the middle roller and the back roller. For example, the guide member 31 may be arranged between the front roller and the middle roller, between the front roller and the middle roller, and between the middle roller and the back roller. You may arrange | position in both between rollers.

The bottom apron 13a and the top apron 22a are not essential, and may be applied to a draft device that does not include an apron.
○ It may be applied to a 4-wire draft device.

  The fiber bundle guide device 30 is not limited to a spinning machine, and a spinning machine that requires a fiber bundle guide device that guides the width of the fiber bundle F moving from the upstream side to the downstream side, such as a drawing machine and a comber. You may apply to. In the case of a drawing machine, not only a draft device, but a fiber bundle that converges and guides the fiber bundle F in a non-contact state instead of a gatherer or trumpet that converges the fiber bundle F stretched by the draft device into a sliver. A guide device 30 may be arranged.

  ○ When using the fiber bundle guide device 30 as a gatherer for a drawing machine or comber, the guide member is constituted by a bottom wall 51b and both side walls 51c as shown in FIG. It is good also as a structure which vibrates the whole guide member 51. FIG.

In the second embodiment, the guide member 31 of the fiber bundle guiding device 30 only needs to be able to compress and guide the fiber bundle F with a low frictional resistance by sound pressure in a vibration state, and the pair of plates are spaced apart from each other. However, the configuration is not limited to a configuration in which the upstream side is wider than the downstream side until the middle of the traveling direction of the fiber bundle F. For example, the guide member 31 is formed by a pair of curved plates or a pair of flat plates so that the distance between the opposing surfaces that become the guide surfaces 31a gradually decreases from the upstream side to the downstream side in the traveling direction of the fiber bundle F. Also good. Further, the guide member 31 of the fiber bundle guide device 30 may have a configuration in which a pair of flat plates are arranged with guide surfaces 31a as opposed surfaces arranged in parallel.

  The guide member 31 of the fiber bundle guide device 30 is not limited to the one having the opposing guide surface 31a formed of a flat plate or a curved plate. For example, as shown in FIG. 13, the guide member 52 is formed in a shape having a groove 53 that continues from one end to the other end of a cylindrical body whose cross-sectional shape decreases from the upstream side to the downstream side in the fiber bundle traveling direction. The guide surface 52a may be configured by the inner surface. The groove 53 is not limited to a shape extending linearly along the longitudinal direction of the guide member 52, but may be a curved shape or a meandering shape. Further, the guide member 52 is not limited to the configuration in which the groove portion 53 is disposed on the upper side, and may be disposed in a state in which the groove portion 53 is disposed on the lateral side or the lower side. In this case, the fiber bundle guide device 30 can be easily downsized and the number of parts can be reduced, and the fiber bundle guide device 30 can be manufactured at a low cost compared to a case where the guide surfaces are configured to be opposed to each other. can do. In addition, it is easier to introduce the fiber bundle F into the guide member 52 than when the guide member is formed in a cylindrical shape.

  As shown in FIG. 14, the guide member 55 of the fiber bundle guide device 30 may be configured such that a plurality of grooves 57 are formed in the plate material 56 at intervals corresponding to the weight pitch. In this case, the structure is simplified and a single guide member 31 can simultaneously guide a plurality of fiber bundles F. Therefore, the fiber bundle guide device 30 can be manufactured at a lower cost.

  As a configuration for guiding the fiber bundle F compressed by the fiber bundle guide device 30 to the nip portion of the final delivery roller of the draft device 11, the guide member 31 is arranged at the front of the three-wire draft portion as in the second embodiment. It is not restricted to the structure arrange | positioned between the bottom roller 12 and the front top roller 21, and the final sending roller pair 26. FIG. For example, the bottom roller constituting the final delivery roller is a large-diameter roller, and the bottom roller also serves as the front bottom roller of a three-wire draft unit, so that the guide members 31 and 52 are disposed above the bottom roller. May be arranged.

  A front bottom roller 12 and a front top roller which are final delivery rollers of the three-line draft device 11 as a configuration for guiding the fiber bundle F compressed by the fiber bundle guide device 30 to the nip portion of the final delivery roller of the draft device 11 The guide member 31 may be disposed between the roller 21 and the middle bottom roller 13 and the middle top roller 22 which are rollers immediately before the roller 21.

  ○ As in the second embodiment, in the draft device in which the fiber bundle guiding device 30 is disposed between the final delivery roller pair 26 and the front bottom roller 12 and the front top roller 21, as in the first embodiment. The fiber bundle guide device 30 may be disposed between the back roller and the middle roller.

The following technical idea (invention) can be understood from the embodiment.
(1) In the invention according to any one of claims 6 to 8, the excitation means is driven by an oscillator common to a plurality of spindles.

(2) In the invention according to any one of claims 6 to 8 and the technical idea (1), an apron is wound around the middle roller.
(3) A ring spinning machine including the draft device according to any one of claims 6 to 8.

(A) is a side view of the draft device in a 1st embodiment. (B) is a schematic plan view of a fiber bundle guiding device. The model perspective view of a fiber bundle guide apparatus. The graph which shows the torque change of a drawing roller. The graph which shows the mass change of a fiber bundle. The 2nd embodiment is shown, (a) is the elements on larger scale of Drawing 6, (b) is a schematic diagram showing the relation between the guide member and the bottom roller seen from the top side. The side view of the draft device in a 2nd embodiment. The graph which shows the relationship between the number of short fluff and the amplitude of a guide member. The graph which shows the relationship between the number of long fuzz and the amplitude of a guide member. The graph which shows the relationship between the number of short fuzz and the space | interval of a guide surface. The graph which shows the relationship between the number of long fuzz and the space | interval of a guide surface. The model perspective view of the guide member in another embodiment. The model perspective view of the guide member in another embodiment. The model perspective view of the guide member in another embodiment. The model perspective view of the guide member in another embodiment. (A) is a side view of the draft apparatus provided with the collector of the prior art, (b) is a schematic perspective view of a collector, (c) is a plane sectional view of a collector.

Explanation of symbols

  F ... Fiber bundle, 11 ... Draft device, 13 ... Middle bottom roller constituting middle roller, 13a ... Bottom apron as apron, 22 ... Middle top roller constituting middle roller, 22a ... Top apron as apron, 26a ... Bottom nip roller as a final delivery roller, 26b ... same top nip roller, 30 ... fiber bundle guide device, 31, 50, 51, 52, 55 ... guide member, 31a, 50a, 51a, 52a ... guide surface, 31b ... guide portion, 32 ... excitation means, 53 ... groove.

Claims (8)

A fiber bundle guide device in a spinning machine for guiding the width of a fiber bundle moving from the upstream side to the downstream side,
A guide member having a guide surface that narrows the width of the fiber bundle along the moving direction of the fiber bundle to be guided in a state of being attached to the spinning machine;
A fiber bundle guide apparatus in a spinning machine comprising: excitation means for vibrating the guide member so as to generate a sound pressure that prevents the fiber bundle from contacting the guide surface.   The fiber bundle guide device for a spinning machine according to claim 1, wherein the guide member is constituted by a pair of flat plates arranged in parallel to each other, and the guide surface is constituted by opposing surfaces of the flat plate.   The guide member is composed of a pair of plates arranged opposite to each other, and the pair of plates is formed such that an interval between the facing surfaces is wider on the upstream side than the downstream side in the traveling direction of the fiber bundle, The fiber bundle guiding device in the spinning machine according to claim 1, wherein the fiber bundle is constituted by opposing surfaces of the plate.   2. The spinning machine according to claim 1, wherein the guide member is formed in a cylindrical shape whose cross-sectional shape decreases from the upstream side to the downstream side in the traveling direction of the fiber bundle, and the guide surface is configured by an inner surface thereof. Fiber bundle guide device.   The guide member is formed in a shape having a groove portion that is continuous from one end to the other end of the cylindrical body whose cross-sectional shape decreases from the upstream side to the downstream side in the traveling direction of the fiber bundle, and the guide surface is The fiber bundle guiding device in a spinning machine according to claim 1, wherein the fiber bundle guiding device is constituted by an inner surface.   A draft device for a spinning machine, wherein the fiber bundle guiding device according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is disposed between a back roller and a middle roller around which an apron is wound.   A drafting device for a spinning machine, wherein the fiber bundle guiding device according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is disposed between a final delivery roller and a roller immediately preceding the roller.   The drafting device for a spinning machine in a spinning machine according to claim 7, wherein the guide member of the fiber bundle guide device has a guide portion extending toward a nip portion of the final delivery roller.

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