JP4607501B2 - Three-wheel rolling vehicle with front two-wheel steering - Google Patents

Three-wheel rolling vehicle with front two-wheel steering Download PDF

Info

Publication number
JP4607501B2
JP4607501B2 JP2004194732A JP2004194732A JP4607501B2 JP 4607501 B2 JP4607501 B2 JP 4607501B2 JP 2004194732 A JP2004194732 A JP 2004194732A JP 2004194732 A JP2004194732 A JP 2004194732A JP 4607501 B2 JP4607501 B2 JP 4607501B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
steering
frame
wheel
front wheels
vehicle according
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
JP2004194732A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JP2004359232A (en
Inventor
バニョーリ アレッサンドロ
Original Assignee
ピアジオ アンド コンパニア ソシエタ ペル アチオニ
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by ピアジオ アンド コンパニア ソシエタ ペル アチオニ filed Critical ピアジオ アンド コンパニア ソシエタ ペル アチオニ
Publication of JP2004359232A publication Critical patent/JP2004359232A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP4607501B2 publication Critical patent/JP4607501B2/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Images

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62K—CYCLES; CYCLE FRAMES; CYCLE STEERING DEVICES; RIDER-OPERATED TERMINAL CONTROLS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CYCLES; CYCLE AXLE SUSPENSIONS; CYCLE SIDE-CARS, FORECARS, OR THE LIKE
    • B62K5/00—Cycles with handlebars, equipped with three or more main road wheels
    • B62K5/08—Cycles with handlebars, equipped with three or more main road wheels with steering devices acting on two or more wheels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62K—CYCLES; CYCLE FRAMES; CYCLE STEERING DEVICES; RIDER-OPERATED TERMINAL CONTROLS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CYCLES; CYCLE AXLE SUSPENSIONS; CYCLE SIDE-CARS, FORECARS, OR THE LIKE
    • B62K5/00—Cycles with handlebars, equipped with three or more main road wheels
    • B62K5/02—Tricycles
    • B62K5/05—Tricycles characterised by a single rear wheel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62—LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62K—CYCLES; CYCLE FRAMES; CYCLE STEERING DEVICES; RIDER-OPERATED TERMINAL CONTROLS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CYCLES; CYCLE AXLE SUSPENSIONS; CYCLE SIDE-CARS, FORECARS, OR THE LIKE
    • B62K5/00—Cycles with handlebars, equipped with three or more main road wheels
    • B62K5/10—Cycles with handlebars, equipped with three or more main road wheels with means for inwardly inclining the vehicle body on bends

Abstract

A three-wheel rolling vehicle with front two-wheel steering comprising a frame (13), a handlebar (16), a rear wheel (12) rotating with respect to the frame (13) and a steering group which operates two front wheels (14, 15), in which two horizontal crossbars (21, 22) are foreseen, connected through hinges (40-43) of the side tubes (36, 37) and through additional hinges (23, 24) to the frame (13), the tubes (36, 37) rotatably supporting steering tubes (31, 32).

Description

本発明は、前輪二輪ステアリングを備えた三輪ローリング車に関する。   The present invention relates to a three-wheel rolling vehicle equipped with front two-wheel steering.

自動車、特に三輪自動車の分野では、時のたつにつれて重要な実施態様の多様化が益々要求されている。
特に、小型自動車の製造を認めていないが、運転するのに安全で、足の支えがなくても操縦するのを容易にする、種々の構造の一輪ステアリングと前輪二輪ステアリングの両方を備えた三輪自動車が提案されている。
実際、上述した三輪自動車に関する一般的な問題では、オートバイの扱いやすさを備えていても、自動車の安定性に欠けるという点が明らかにされている。要するに、四輪自動車が一般的にもつ安定性のよりよい部分を保ちつつ、二輪自動車のように（運転者が傾いて）運転できる三輪自動車を達成することを目的としている。
さらに、特定のタイプの三輪自動車では、運転を最大限容易にし、都市交通を楽にすることが要求されている。このことは、一般的には、運転者が、停止の際必ずしも足を地面に置かなくてもよい、制限された幅から得るものである。
そのように要求された自動車は、悪天候でも良好な安全性と保護を絶対に与えなければならない。例えば、車両カバーは、たとえ寸法と全寸法が限られていても、ボディによって提供されるべきである。 In the field of automobiles, especially tricycles, there is an increasing demand for diversification of important embodiments over time.
In particular, three-wheelers with both single-wheel steering and front-wheel two-wheel steering of various structures that do not allow the manufacture of small cars, but are safe to drive and easy to maneuver without foot support A car has been proposed.
In fact, it has been clarified that the above-described general problem concerning the three-wheeled vehicle lacks the stability of the vehicle even though it is easy to handle a motorcycle. In short, the object is to achieve a three-wheeled vehicle that can be driven like a two-wheeled vehicle (with the driver leaning) while maintaining the better stability of a four-wheeled vehicle.
In addition, certain types of three-wheeled vehicles are required to make driving easier and to make city traffic easier. This is generally derived from the limited width that the driver does not necessarily have to put his feet on the ground when stopping.
Such a demanded car must absolutely provide good safety and protection even in bad weather. For example, the vehicle cover should be provided by the body, even if the dimensions and overall dimensions are limited.

したがって、本発明の主目的は、前輪二輪ステアリングを備えた三輪自動車において上述した問題及び欠点を解決することにある。
本発明の他の目的は、あたかもオートバイのような操縦をかばうロールの状態でさえも、地面に最大限密着可能にする三輪自動車を作ることである。
さらに、本発明の他の目的は、カバーを受ける三輪自動車を作ることである。
本発明の目的は、乗員及び荷物用の空間を備え、安全で、ある程度の快適性を備えた経済的な三輪自動車を作ることである。
さらに、本発明の他の目的は、付加的な任意の要素に利用できる空間を備えた、最小限の寸法を有する三輪自動車を作ることである。 Accordingly, the main object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems and disadvantages in a three-wheeled vehicle equipped with a front-wheel two-wheel steering.
Another object of the present invention is to create a three-wheeled vehicle that can make maximum contact with the ground even in the state of a roll covering a motorcycle.
Furthermore, another object of the present invention is to make a three-wheeled vehicle that receives a cover.
The object of the present invention is to make an economical three-wheeled vehicle with space for passengers and luggage, which is safe and has some comfort.
Yet another object of the present invention is to create a three-wheeled vehicle with minimal dimensions, with space available for additional optional elements.

本発明によるこれらの目的は、請求項１に記載の前輪二輪ステアリングを備えた三輪ローリング車を作ることによって成し遂げられる。
本発明のさらなる特徴及び利点は、従属の請求項によって明らかになる。本発明による前輪二輪ステアリングを備えた三輪ローリング車の特徴及び利点は、添付図面を参照して、以下に例示した限定のない説明からより明らかになる。 These objects according to the invention are achieved by producing a three-wheel rolling vehicle with a front two-wheel steering according to claim 1.
Further features and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the dependent claims. The features and advantages of a three-wheel rolling vehicle with front two-wheel steering according to the present invention will become more apparent from the non-limiting description illustrated below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

図面を参照すると、本発明による前輪二輪ステアリングを備えた三輪ローリング車が示され、全体が１１で指示されている。
自動車１１は、本質的には、固定軸線後輪１２、フレーム１３、及び、一組のステアリング用前輪１４，１５を有する。さらに、一般的には、ステアリング用前輪１４，１５を操作することができるハンドル１６が設けられている。この第１の一般的な配置により、モータ推進群とリアサスペンションが、フロントサスペンションのように、ここに以下に詳細に説明するいかなる種類の自動車から得られてもよいことが明らかである。すなわち、所定の種類から得られる完全な装備群を、車輪からステアリングチューブまで、本発明における新たな配置ともとの配置に使用してもよい。
ハンドル１６は、ステアリング軸線に相当する円筒ヒンジ１７によってフレーム１３に連結されている。レバー１８はハンドルに一体であり、自動車１１の内部に向かって延びている。レバー１８は、その自由端が一組の剛体ロッド１９，２０のそれぞれの端部に対して回動され、これらの剛体ロッド１９，２０は、レバー１８の謡動によって、自動車に対して横方向に移動することができる。 Referring to the drawings, a three-wheel rolling vehicle with front-wheel two-wheel steering according to the present invention is shown, generally designated 11.
The automobile 11 essentially has a fixed axis rear wheel 12, a frame 13, and a pair of steering front wheels 14 and 15. Further, generally, a handle 16 capable of operating the steering front wheels 14 and 15 is provided. With this first general arrangement, it is clear that the motor propulsion group and the rear suspension may be obtained from any type of vehicle, as will be described in detail hereinbelow, such as a front suspension. That is, a complete equipment group obtained from a predetermined type may be used for the new arrangement and the original arrangement in the present invention from the wheel to the steering tube.
The handle 16 is connected to the frame 13 by a cylindrical hinge 17 corresponding to the steering axis. The lever 18 is integral with the handle and extends toward the inside of the automobile 11. The lever 18 is pivoted at its free end with respect to the respective ends of the pair of rigid rods 19, 20, and these rigid rods 19, 20 are transverse with respect to the automobile by the swinging of the lever 18. Can be moved to.

さらに、これらのロッド１９，２０の反対側の自由端は、ボールジョイント２７，２８によって追加レバー２９，３０に連結されていて、フロントを構成するステアリングチューブ３１，３２にステアリングの動きを伝え、独立したサスペンション３３，３４が設けられた２つの車輪１４，１５にステアリングの動きを生じさせ、各前輪１４，１５についてショックアブソーバ（図示せず）が設けられ、これらについても独立している。
上記のようにハンドル１６と一体であるレバー１８は、矢印２５で示すように、左操舵運転中、２つのロッド１９，２０がそれぞれストラット及びタイロッドとして作用するようにロッド１９，２０に作用する。右操舵運転の場合には、矢印２６によって、ロッド１９はタイロッドとして作用し、ロッド２０はストラットとして作用する。
したがって、フレームが傾いたときに、車輪１４，１５双方が、３５で指示した路面と接触しつづける運動幾何学的なロール群が結合した運動幾何学的なステアリング機構が作られる。 Further, the free ends on the opposite side of these rods 19 and 20 are connected to the additional levers 29 and 30 by ball joints 27 and 28, and transmit the movement of the steering to the steering tubes 31 and 32 constituting the front, independently. The two wheels 14 and 15 provided with the suspensions 33 and 34 cause a steering motion, and a shock absorber (not shown) is provided for each of the front wheels 14 and 15, and these are also independent.
As described above, the lever 18 integrated with the handle 16 acts on the rods 19 and 20 so that the two rods 19 and 20 act as struts and tie rods, respectively, during the left steering operation, as indicated by an arrow 25. In the case of right steering operation, the arrow 26 causes the rod 19 to act as a tie rod and the rod 20 to act as a strut.
Therefore, when the frame is tilted, a kinematic steering mechanism is formed in which kinematic rolls are combined so that both the wheels 14 and 15 continue to contact the road surface indicated by 35.

運動幾何学的なロール群が２つの水平方向剛体クロスバー２１，２２を有し、このクロスバー２１，２２は、その中心に取り付けられたピボット２３，２４によってフレーム１３に連結されていることに気付く。
この運動幾何学的なロール群は、全体が関節四角形を呈しているが、２つのサイドチューブ３６，３７と２本の「ダブル」水平クロスバー、すなわち上クロスバー２１と下クロスバー２２によって構成されている。２つのクロスバー２１，２２は、各端部でサイドチューブ３６，３７に円筒ヒンジ４０，４１，４２，４３を介して枢着され、これらのクロスバー２１，２２の中心点では、クロスバー２１，２２が円筒ヒンジ２３，２４によってフレーム１３に枢着されている。
後輪１２、及びフレーム／リアアクスル（ショックアブソーバ等）、並びに前輪１４，１５に関するホイールハブ／ショックアブソーバは、それらが二輪自動車についての周知の説明と同一であるかもしれないので詳細に説明していない。 The kinematic roll group has two horizontal rigid crossbars 21 and 22, which are connected to the frame 13 by pivots 23 and 24 attached to the centers thereof. notice.
This kinematic geometric group of rolls has an articulated square as a whole, but is composed of two side tubes 36 and 37 and two “double” horizontal crossbars, namely an upper crossbar 21 and a lower crossbar 22. Has been. The two crossbars 21 and 22 are pivotally attached to the side tubes 36 and 37 through cylindrical hinges 40, 41, 42 and 43 at each end, and at the center point of these crossbars 21 and 22, the crossbar 21. , 22 are pivotally attached to the frame 13 by cylindrical hinges 23, 24.
The rear wheel 12 and the frame / rear axle (such as shock absorber) and the wheel hub / shock absorber for the front wheels 14 and 15 are described in detail because they may be identical to the well-known description for two-wheeled vehicles. Absent.

さらに、いかに２本の水平クロスバー２１，２２が、これらの中心点で通常設けられている中央管なしにフレームに取り付けられているかに気付くべきである。２本の水平クロスバー２１，２２の各要素は、単一の部品で作られている（例えば、図で明らかなように、クロスバー２１、クロスバー２２を構成する２つの要素は、双方とも単一のロッドから作られている）。
特に、上部水平クロスバー２１は、フレーム１３に連結される単一の部品または２つの部品が円筒ヒンジ２３を中心に回転するように作られる。下部水平クロスバー２２は、フレーム１３に連結される単一の部品または２つの部品が、円筒ヒンジ２４を中心に回転するように作られる。
２つの独立したサスペンション３３，３４をホイール１４，１５のハブに２つの車輪に対して内部の位置と外部の位置の双方に結合するのがよい。 Furthermore, it should be noted how the two horizontal crossbars 21, 22 are attached to the frame without the central tube normally provided at their center point. Each element of the two horizontal crossbars 21 and 22 is made of a single part (for example, as is apparent in the figure, the two elements constituting the crossbar 21 and the crossbar 22 are both Made from a single rod).
In particular, the upper horizontal crossbar 21 is made such that a single part or two parts connected to the frame 13 rotate about a cylindrical hinge 23. The lower horizontal crossbar 22 is made so that a single part or two parts connected to the frame 13 rotate about a cylindrical hinge 24.
Two independent suspensions 33, 34 may be coupled to the hubs of the wheels 14, 15 at both internal and external positions relative to the two wheels.

この自動車の動作については、理解しやすくするために特定の自動車の詳細部を省略し、種々の姿勢について概説している記述及び図示している図面にから、すぐにより明らかになる。
本発明による前輪二輪ステアリングを備えた自動車は、自動車の安定性とオートバイの操縦性を兼ね備えることができる。
実際に、一般には、（衝撃吸収装置を備えたリア部に連結されている）自動車のフロント部は、リア部に対するローリング機構を有することができ、自動車は、四輪自動車本来の安定性のよりよい部分を維持しながらまさに二輪自動車のように（運転者が傾いて）操縦される。 The operation of this vehicle will be more readily apparent from the description and drawings that outline various aspects of the vehicle, omitting the details of a particular vehicle for ease of understanding.
The automobile equipped with the front two-wheel steering according to the present invention can have both the stability of the automobile and the maneuverability of the motorcycle.
In fact, in general, the front part of an automobile (connected to the rear part equipped with a shock absorber) can have a rolling mechanism with respect to the rear part, and the automobile is more stable than the original stability of an automobile. It is operated like a two-wheeled vehicle (with the driver leaning) while maintaining a good part.

このような自動車により、運転が最大限楽になり、幅が限られているために都市交通を楽にし、停止したときに運転者が足を地面に着くのを回避することができる。この特徴において、改善された安定性のおかげて、天候に対して起こり得る問題をある程度防ぐことが証明された。
上述したような構造によって、この自動車を容易に覆うことができ、自動車をボディ付きの車に変えることができる。
さらに、前輪一輪ステアリングを備えた自動車のいくつかの欠点、要するに、一輪ステアリングによる不正確な操縦性と軌道設定によって生ずる横すべり等のようなものや、乗員及び又は荷物用の別の小さな空間の必要性は排除される。 Such a car makes driving easier and makes the city easier because the width is limited, and prevents the driver from getting his feet on the ground when stopped. In this feature, thanks to the improved stability, it has proven to some extent prevent possible problems with the weather.
With the structure as described above, the automobile can be easily covered, and the automobile can be changed to a car with a body.
In addition, some disadvantages of cars with front-wheel single-wheel steering, such as inaccurate maneuverability with single-wheel steering and side-slip caused by track setting, and the need for another small space for passengers and / or luggage Sex is excluded.

これまで説明したことに基づいて、本発明の自動車によって予想される利点と新たな解決手段を要約する。
本発明の自動車は、スクーターと自動車の中間体として定められており、以下にまとめた基本的な特徴によって、両形態の利点を再現している。
・都市及び都市郊外用の小型三輪自動車
・良好な視野を保証するために、自動車の運転位置よりも高く、スクーターのような運転位置
・運転者及び乗員にとって良好な快適性
・運転時のより安全な感覚
・二輪スクーターの操縦性に似た操縦性
・停止時の操縦のしやすさ
・ローリングブロックの挿入時のキックスタンドの排除
・デファレンシャルの排除
・スクーターと同様な最大加速度及び速度
全体的には、自動車は、都市内の動きやすさの要求とほぼ二輪自動車のような駐車のしやすさの要求を満たすことができるように作られており、小型乗用車に関する快適性と安全性には悪影響を与えていない。 Based on what has been described so far, the advantages and new solutions expected by the automobile of the present invention are summarized.
The automobile of the present invention is defined as an intermediate between the scooter and the automobile, and the advantages of both forms are reproduced by the basic features summarized below.
・ Small-sized three-wheeled vehicles for urban and suburban areas ・ To ensure a good field of view, higher than the driving position of the car, driving position like a scooter ・ Good comfort for drivers and passengers ・ Safer when driving・ Smooth maneuverability similar to the maneuverability of a two-wheeled scooter ・ Ease of maneuvering when stopped ・ Elimination of kickstand when inserting a rolling block ・ Elimination of differential ・ Maximum acceleration and speed similar to a scooter Automobiles are built to meet the demands of mobility in cities and the ease of parking almost like two-wheeled vehicles, which has a negative impact on the comfort and safety of small passenger cars. Not given.

有利にも、二輪ステアリングとローリング機能を有するフロントグループに関して、ステアリングが自動車のロールによって生ずるのを回避するために、完全に２つの自由度を与える解決手段を開発したことに気付く。２つの車輪間の連結は、運動学的に正しいステアリングを保証するようなやり方でなされている。このようにして、三輪自動車は、傾斜可能な２つの平行な前輪ステアリングと、フレームと一体となる中央の後輪とを備えており、自動車をオートバイのように（フロント部分が傾斜可能で、リアと一緒にローリング運動で）運転することができる。
フロントステアリンググループ（関節式の四辺形）は、リア部分に対してロールすることができ、前輪は、後輪のように傾斜するが、常に地面と接触したままとなり、路面によく密着していることを保証する。 Advantageously, for a front group with two-wheel steering and a rolling function, it will be noted that a solution has been developed that gives it completely two degrees of freedom in order to avoid the steering being caused by the roll of the vehicle. The connection between the two wheels is made in such a way as to ensure kinematically correct steering. In this way, a three-wheeled vehicle has two parallel front wheel steerings that can be tilted and a central rear wheel that is integral with the frame, and the vehicle is like a motorcycle (the front part can be tilted, the rear In a rolling motion).
The front steering group (joint quadrilateral) can roll against the rear part, and the front wheels tilt like the rear wheels, but always stay in contact with the ground and adhere well to the road surface Guarantee that.

このように、本発明による前輪二輪ステアリングを備えた三輪ローリング車は、先に述べた目的を達成する。
考案された前輪二輪ステアリングを備えた三輪自動車は、同じ発明の概念で生ずる多くの修正及び変更を可能にする。
さらに、使用される材料は、寸法や構成部品を含め、技術的な要求にしたがっている。 Thus, the three-wheel rolling vehicle equipped with the front-wheel two-wheel steering according to the present invention achieves the object described above.
A three-wheeled vehicle with a conceived front-wheel two-wheel steering allows many modifications and changes that occur with the same inventive concept.
Furthermore, the materials used are in accordance with technical requirements, including dimensions and components.

本発明による前輪二輪ステアリングを備えた三輪ローリング車の前部の斜視図であり、前輪の連結のみを部分的に示す。1 is a perspective view of a front part of a three-wheel rolling vehicle equipped with a front-wheel two-wheel steering according to the present invention, showing only the connection of the front wheels. 図１に示す自動車の側部における斜視図である。It is a perspective view in the side part of the motor vehicle shown in FIG. 図１に示す自動車の側部における片側の前輪のない斜視図である。It is a perspective view without the front wheel of the one side in the side part of the motor vehicle shown in FIG. 図１に示す自動車を上から見た部分拡大図である。It is the elements on larger scale which looked at the motor vehicle shown in FIG. 1 from the top.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１１ 三輪ローリング車
１２ 後輪
１３ フレーム
１４，１５ 前輪
１６ ハンドル
１７ ヒンジ
１８ レバー
１９，２０ 剛体ロッド
２１，２２ クロスバー
２３，２４ ピボット
２７，２８ ボールジョイント
２９，３０ 追加レバー
３１，３２ ステアリングチューブ
３３，３４ サスペンション
３５ 路面
３６，３７ サイドチューブ
４０，４１，４２，４３ ヒンジ 11 Three-wheel rolling vehicle 12 Rear wheel 13 Frame 14, 15 Front wheel 16 Handle 17 Hinge 18 Lever 19, 20 Rigid rod 21, 22 Crossbar 23, 24 Pivot 27, 28 Ball joint 29, 30 Additional lever 31, 32 Steering tube 33, 34 Suspension 35 Road surface 36, 37 Side tube 40, 41, 42, 43 Hinge

Claims (7)

２つのステアリング前輪（１４，１５）を備えた三輪ローリング車であって、
フレーム（１３）と、
ハンドル（１６）と、
フレーム（１３）に対して回転する後輪と、
２つの前輪（１４，１５）で作動するステアリンググループと、を有し、
２つの水平クロスバー（２１，２２）が設けられ、これら水平クロスバー（２１，２２）は、ヒンジ（４０，４１，４２，４３）によってサイドチューブ（３６，３７）に枢動可能に連結され、付加的なヒンジ（２３，２４）を介して上記フレーム（１３）に連結され、上記サイドチューブ（３６，３７）は、ステアリングチューブ（３１，３２）を回転可能に支持し、上記ステアリングチューブ（３１，３２）の下端は、上記前輪（１４，１５）のハブに連結された独立したサスペンション（３３，３４）を保持し、上記独立したサスペンション（３３，３４）は、各々、ショックアブソーバを備え、上記２つの水平クロスバー（２１，２２）は、上部ダブル水平クロスバー（２１）と下部ダブル水平クロスバー（２２）とで構成され、これらの水平クロスバーは、中央において上記フレームに取り付けられ、上記上部ダブル水平クロスバー（２１）の一方及び上記下部ダブル水平クロスバー（２２）の一方は、湾曲していることを特徴とする三輪ローリング車。 A three-wheel rolling vehicle with two steering front wheels (14, 15) ,
Frame (13);
A handle (16);
A rear wheel rotating with respect to the frame (13);
A steering group operating with two front wheels (14, 15),
Two horizontal crossbars (21, 22) are provided, and these horizontal crossbars (21, 22) are pivotally connected to the side tubes (36, 37) by hinges (40, 41, 42, 43). , it is connected to the frame (13) via an additional hinge (23, 24), the side tubes (36, 37) rotatably supports a steering tube (31,32), the steering tube ( 31 and 32) hold independent suspensions (33 and 34) connected to the hubs of the front wheels (14 and 15), and the independent suspensions (33 and 34) each include a shock absorber. The two horizontal crossbars (21, 22) are composed of an upper double horizontal crossbar (21) and a lower double horizontal crossbar (22). Horizontal crossbar al is attached to the frame in the center, one of the one and the lower double horizontal crossbars of the upper double horizontal crossbars (21) (22), Miwa, characterized in that curved Rolling car. 上記水平クロスバー（２１，２２）のそれぞれは、単一部品で作られている請求項１記載の三輪ローリング車。   The three-wheel rolling vehicle according to claim 1, wherein each of the horizontal crossbars (21, 22) is made of a single part. 上記水平クロスバー（２１，２２）のそれぞれは、上記フレーム（１３）に連結された２つの要素で作られている請求項１記載の三輪ローリング車。   The three-wheel rolling vehicle according to claim 1, wherein each of the horizontal crossbars (21, 22) is made of two elements connected to the frame (13). 上記独立のサスペンション（３３，３４）は、上記２つの前輪（１４，１５）に対して内側の位置にある、上記２つの前輪（１４，１５）のハブに連結される請求項１記載の三輪ローリング車。 The three-wheeled vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the independent suspension (33, 34) is connected to a hub of the two front wheels (14, 15) located at an inner position with respect to the two front wheels (14, 15). Rolling car. 上記独立のサスペンション（３３，３４）は、上記２つの前輪（１４，１５）に対して外側の位置にある、上記２つの前輪（１４，１５）のハブに連結される請求項１記載の三輪ローリング車。 The three-wheeled vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the independent suspension (33, 34) is connected to a hub of the two front wheels (14, 15) located outside the two front wheels (14, 15). Rolling car. 上記ハンドル（１６）は、上記フレーム（１３）に回転可能に連結されている請求項１記載の三輪ローリング車。   The three-wheel rolling vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the handle (16) is rotatably connected to the frame (13). 上記フレーム（１３）に回転可能に連結されたハンドル（１６）から、上記ハンドル（１６）と一体のレバー（１８）が自動車（１１）の内部に向かって延び、上記レバー（１８）は、その自由端が一組の剛体ロッド（１９，２０）のそれぞれ端部に対して回動し、上記剛体ロッド（１９，２０）の反対側の自由端は、ボールジョイント（２７，２８）によって追加レバー（２９，３０）に連結され、これら追加レバー（２９，３０）は、２つのステアリングチューブ（３１，３２）にステアリングの動きを伝える請求項１又は６に記載の三輪ローリング車。   From a handle (16) rotatably connected to the frame (13), a lever (18) integral with the handle (16) extends toward the interior of the automobile (11), and the lever (18) The free ends pivot with respect to the ends of the pair of rigid rods (19, 20), and the free ends on the opposite side of the rigid rods (19, 20) are added levers by ball joints (27, 28). The three-wheel rolling vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the additional levers (29, 30) are connected to (29, 30), and transmit the steering motion to the two steering tubes (31, 32).
JP2004194732A 2003-06-03 2004-06-03 Three-wheel rolling vehicle with front two-wheel steering Active JP4607501B2 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT001108A ITMI20031108A1 (en) 2003-06-03 2003-06-03 THREE-WHEEL ROLLING VEHICLE WITH TWO STEERING FRONT WHEELS

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JP2004359232A JP2004359232A (en) 2004-12-24
JP4607501B2 true JP4607501B2 (en) 2011-01-05

Family

ID=30131131

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP2004194732A Active JP4607501B2 (en) 2003-06-03 2004-06-03 Three-wheel rolling vehicle with front two-wheel steering

Country Status (8)

Country Link
US (1) US7073806B2 (en)
EP (1) EP1484239B1 (en)
JP (1) JP4607501B2 (en)
CN (1) CN1572644B (en)
AT (1) ATE519662T1 (en)
ES (1) ES2371341T3 (en)
IT (1) ITMI20031108A1 (en)
TW (1) TWI331973B (en)

Families Citing this family (93)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ITMI20040171A1 (en) * 2004-02-04 2004-05-04 Piaggio & C Spa ANTI-ROLL DEVICE FOR VEHICLES
ITRM20050004A1 (en) * 2005-01-05 2006-07-06 Gianfranco Cecinini SYSTEM WITH 2 WHEELS IN FRONT AND INCLINING PARALLEL STEERING AND STEERING CHARACTERIZED BY 2 PARALLEL SHOCK ABSORBERS (IN THE VERTICAL FLOOR), HAVING 2 PARALLEL OVERLAPPING CRUISES, SUPPORTING THE TILTING TILTED PARALLELOGRAM TRANSVERSE
FR2884217B1 (en) 2005-04-11 2008-11-28 Philippe Missakian TERRESTRIAL OR NAUTICAL VEHICLE AND CHASSIS FRAME OF SUCH A VEHICLE
US7571787B2 (en) * 2005-09-30 2009-08-11 Harley-Davidson Motor Company Group, LLC Headlight mounting arrangement
CN100453393C (en) * 2005-10-13 2009-01-21 张向阳 Mini type tricycle and its car frame
US20070152422A1 (en) * 2005-12-30 2007-07-05 Stephanie Lin Pivotable device for bicycles or tricycles
CN100417568C (en) * 2006-09-25 2008-09-10 王旭 Linked steering reciprocating driving safety labor-saving bicycle
ITMI20062084A1 (en) 2006-10-30 2008-04-30 Piaggio & C Spa THREE-WHEEL ROLLER VEHICLE WITH TWO STEERING WHEELS AND A REAR WHEEL
ITRM20070616A1 (en) * 2007-11-27 2009-05-28 Cecinini Gianni FORK SYSTEM + INCLINING ROMBOID AND ONLY STEERING FRONT FOR THE 3-WHEEL TRICYCLE OR 4-WHEEL QUADRICYCLE BOTH INCLINABLES AND STEERABLE AS THE BICYCLE
US7921955B2 (en) * 2007-12-19 2011-04-12 Michael Spangler Stability system for a trike
US7641207B2 (en) * 2008-02-11 2010-01-05 Wang Li Yang Front suspension and steering system for cycles and motorcycles without tilting of the front wheels
FR2931395B1 (en) * 2008-05-21 2015-05-29 Olivier Antenat DEVICE FOR SUSPENSION OF A MOBILE
JP5204555B2 (en) * 2008-05-29 2013-06-05 ヤマハ発動機株式会社 Saddle riding vehicle
GB2461081B (en) * 2008-06-19 2011-12-28 Gibbs Tech Ltd A three-wheeled amphibian with retractable wheels
US8251375B2 (en) 2008-07-31 2012-08-28 Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha Body leaning control system, and a saddle riding type vehicle having the same
ITMI20081453A1 (en) * 2008-08-04 2010-02-04 Marabese Design S R L WHEEL-SUSPENDED WHEEL SUSPENSION SYSTEM WITH REDUCED SPACE FOR THREE AND MORE WHEELED VEHICLES
US8020878B2 (en) * 2008-08-08 2011-09-20 Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha Body leaning control system, and a saddle riding type vehicle having the same
US7909340B2 (en) * 2009-02-03 2011-03-22 Laddie Gene Henderson Vehicle with improved integrated steering and suspension system
US7708291B1 (en) * 2009-02-03 2010-05-04 Laddie Gene Henderson Vehicle with improved steering system
USRE44854E1 (en) * 2009-02-03 2014-04-22 Laddie Gene Henderson Vehicle with improved integrated steering and suspension system
CN102092435B (en) * 2009-12-10 2014-11-05 光阳工业股份有限公司 Overturn preventing device for vehicle with two front wheels
CN102092434B (en) * 2009-12-10 2014-07-16 光阳工业股份有限公司 Inclinable device for vehicle having two front wheels
TWI380922B (en) * 2010-01-20 2013-01-01 Univ Nat Taiwan Science Tech Three-wheel motorized vehicle
JP5528870B2 (en) * 2010-03-23 2014-06-25 本田技研工業株式会社 Front two-wheel straddle-type vehicle
US8973695B2 (en) * 2010-06-15 2015-03-10 Eyal Jacob Aloni Vehicle wheeled device
TWI392611B (en) * 2010-06-24 2013-04-11 Kwang Yang Motor Co Steering control device for vehicles
TWI399310B (en) * 2010-07-06 2013-06-21 Kwang Yang Motor Co A steering device for two front wheel vehicles
IT1401130B1 (en) 2010-07-16 2013-07-12 Piaggio & C Spa MOTORCYCLE SUSPENSION SYSTEM
US8016302B1 (en) * 2010-07-20 2011-09-13 Reeve Curtis T Human-powered tricycle system
JP6122576B2 (en) 2011-11-11 2017-04-26 現代自動車株式会社Ｈｙｕｎｄａｉ Ｍｏｔｏｒ Ｃｏｍｐａｎｙ Tricycle rear wheel suspension
CN202414056U (en) * 2012-01-14 2012-09-05 于金君 Inverted motor tricycle capable of tilting tricycle body
NL2010082C2 (en) * 2012-04-24 2013-11-18 Alink Walker device with sitting assembly.
CN102951232A (en) 2012-06-04 2013-03-06 泰特乐有限公司 Tricycle with double riding modes
ITBA20120044A1 (en) 2012-07-04 2014-01-05 Alessia Santandrea KINEMATIC GROUP FOR TILTING VEHICLE
US8632088B2 (en) 2012-09-12 2014-01-21 Kevin J. Yerdon Mobile ergonomic exercise tricycle apparatus and method
MX2015003686A (en) * 2012-09-24 2015-06-15 Yamaha Motor Co Ltd Vehicle.
ES2677112T3 (en) * 2012-09-24 2018-07-30 Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha Vehicle
US9114844B2 (en) 2012-10-03 2015-08-25 Hauler Cycles, LLC Bicycle conversion kit and tricycle apparatus
JP5562506B1 (en) * 2012-10-25 2014-07-30 ヤマハ発動機株式会社 vehicle
JP5595625B1 (en) 2012-12-18 2014-09-24 ヤマハ発動機株式会社 vehicle
MX339750B (en) 2012-12-18 2016-06-08 Yamaha Motor Co Ltd Vehicle.
WO2014098142A1 (en) 2012-12-18 2014-06-26 ヤマハ発動機株式会社 Vehicle
CN104520177B (en) 2012-12-18 2017-12-26 雅马哈发动机株式会社 Vehicle
TWI530423B (en) * 2012-12-19 2016-04-21 山葉發動機股份有限公司 Vehicle
TWI530427B (en) * 2012-12-19 2016-04-21 山葉發動機股份有限公司 Vehicle
TWI532629B (en) * 2012-12-21 2016-05-11 山葉發動機股份有限公司 Vehicle
EP2923933B1 (en) * 2012-12-21 2018-10-03 Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha Vehicle
DE102014201670A1 (en) 2013-03-07 2014-09-11 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Sideways inclinable, multi-lane vehicle
DE102014201668B4 (en) 2013-03-07 2021-09-02 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Laterally tiltable, multi-lane vehicle
DE102014201630B4 (en) 2013-03-07 2021-09-02 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Laterally tiltable, multi-lane vehicle
DE102014201632B4 (en) 2013-03-07 2021-09-02 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Laterally tiltable, multi-lane vehicle
DE102014201127B4 (en) 2013-03-07 2022-02-03 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Side-tilting, multi-track vehicle
MX2015017819A (en) * 2013-07-01 2016-04-15 Yamaha Motor Co Ltd Vehicle.
MX2015017820A (en) * 2013-07-01 2016-04-15 Yamaha Motor Co Ltd Vehicle.
US9174693B2 (en) 2013-09-06 2015-11-03 Standard Bearer Machines, LLC Three-wheeled cycle
US9387902B2 (en) 2014-01-16 2016-07-12 Scorpion Trikes, Inc. Assembly for increasing motorcycle wheel count
MX2015017939A (en) * 2014-01-31 2016-04-29 Yamaha Motor Co Ltd Vehicle.
JP5797366B1 (en) * 2014-01-31 2015-10-21 ヤマハ発動機株式会社 vehicle
NL2012245C2 (en) 2014-02-12 2015-08-17 Royalty Bugaboo Gmbh A foldable vehicle.
JP5757511B1 (en) 2014-03-18 2015-07-29 サーチウェア株式会社 vehicle
WO2015146680A1 (en) * 2014-03-24 2015-10-01 ヤマハ発動機株式会社 Saddled vehicle
ES2727606T3 (en) * 2014-03-24 2019-10-17 Yamaha Motor Co Ltd Straddle Type Vehicle
DE102014215979A1 (en) 2014-08-12 2016-02-18 Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft motor vehicle
DE102014217246B3 (en) 2014-08-29 2015-12-24 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Stabilization arrangement for a tilting chassis of a vehicle
DE102014217386A1 (en) 2014-09-01 2016-03-03 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Method for operating a tilting chassis and active tilting suspension for a rail-bound vehicle
US20160096574A1 (en) * 2014-10-01 2016-04-07 Yong-Biao Liu Tiltable Motor Tricycle
EP3212475B1 (en) 2014-10-31 2020-01-08 PIAGGIO & C. S.p.A. Windscreen wiper assembly for a vehicle
US10076939B2 (en) 2014-11-26 2018-09-18 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Suspension systems for laterally tiltable multitrack vehicles
CN104443182B (en) * 2015-01-05 2018-01-02 太仓市车中宝休闲用品有限公司 Adjustable anti-rollover formula three-wheel drift car
US9925843B2 (en) 2015-02-24 2018-03-27 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Rear suspension systems for laterally tiltable multitrack vehicles
US10023019B2 (en) 2015-02-24 2018-07-17 Ford Global Technologies, Llc Rear suspension systems with rotary devices for laterally tiltable multitrack vehicles
JP6030173B2 (en) * 2015-03-18 2016-11-24 本田技研工業株式会社 Swing type vehicle
CN105230165B (en) * 2015-11-12 2018-02-09 和县农坛机械厂 A kind of chassis bascule of hydraulic moving machine
ITUB20159478A1 (en) * 2015-12-28 2017-06-28 Piaggio & C Spa Front end of tilting motor vehicle and relative tilting motor vehicle
ITUB20159521A1 (en) * 2015-12-28 2017-06-28 Piaggio & C Spa Rolling motor vehicle with roll control
JP6293857B2 (en) * 2016-03-18 2018-03-14 ヤマハ発動機株式会社 Lean vehicle
US9731785B1 (en) * 2016-06-06 2017-08-15 Yongbiao Liu Tiltable electric tricycle
DK3290315T3 (en) * 2016-08-29 2020-03-09 Babboe B V SLIPPING MULTI-WHEEL Freight Vehicle
IT201600123275A1 (en) * 2016-12-05 2018-06-05 Piaggio & C Spa Motorcycle with two steering front wheels and one steering with variable steering ratio
IT201600129497A1 (en) * 2016-12-21 2018-06-21 Piaggio & C Spa ADVANCE OF ROLLANTE MOTORCYCLE WITH ROLLO BLOCK
IT201600129489A1 (en) * 2016-12-21 2018-06-21 Piaggio & C Spa ADVANCE OF ROLLANTE MOTORCYCLE WITH ROLLO BLOCK
EP3578449B1 (en) * 2017-05-19 2020-12-23 Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha Leaning vehicle
CN107487404A (en) * 2017-08-01 2017-12-19 朱长锋 Shared electro-tricycle
JP2019077368A (en) * 2017-10-25 2019-05-23 ヤマハ発動機株式会社 Lean vehicle
US10843759B2 (en) * 2017-10-25 2020-11-24 Yamaha Hatsudoki Kabushiki Kaisha Vehicle
CN108725655A (en) * 2018-06-07 2018-11-02 叶奇正 The anti-rollover body mechanism of multiwheel vehicle
TWI809203B (en) * 2018-09-28 2023-07-21 義大利商比雅久＆Ｃ公司 Forecarriage for motor vehicles with two front steered wheels, with a central shock absorber assembly, and motor vehicle comprising said forecarriage
IT201800010942A1 (en) * 2018-12-10 2020-06-10 Piaggio & C Spa FRONT FOR VEHICLE WITH TWO WHEELS FRONT STEERING AND MOTOR VEHICLE INCLUDING SAID FORWARD
ES2934082T3 (en) 2019-02-19 2023-02-16 Garcia Atance Fatjo Gonzalo Tricycle with suspension of tilting wheels in height related to the driving handlebar
IT201900005556A1 (en) * 2019-04-10 2020-10-10 Piaggio & C Spa ROLLANTE MOTORCYCLE WITH ROLLIO BLOCK DEVICE
IT201900025723A1 (en) 2019-12-30 2021-06-30 Piaggio & C Spa LOCKING SYSTEM FOR A VEHICLE INCLUDING A GEAR MOTOR SUITABLE TO OPERATE A LOCKING DEVICE
IT202100015341A1 (en) 2021-06-11 2022-12-11 Piaggio & C Spa ROLLING SADDLE VEHICLE WITH NON ROLLING FRONT FAIRING.
JP2024006428A (en) * 2022-07-01 2024-01-17 ヤマハ発動機株式会社 Saddle-riding type vehicle

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0372515U (en) * 1989-11-10 1991-07-22
JPH11334671A (en) * 1998-05-28 1999-12-07 Abanteku:Kk Bicycle serving also as cart
JP2002337779A (en) * 2001-05-21 2002-11-27 Abanteku:Kk Tricycle

Family Cites Families (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2085428A1 (en) * 1970-04-14 1971-12-24 Norbert Maurice Jules
US4020914A (en) * 1976-02-23 1977-05-03 Wolfgang Trautwein Stabilized three-wheeled vehicle
US4072325A (en) * 1977-01-28 1978-02-07 Bright Engineering, Incorporated Pendulum stabilized ground vehicles
GB1561253A (en) * 1977-03-02 1980-02-13 Trautwein W Threewheeled vehicle
US4351410A (en) * 1980-07-17 1982-09-28 Townsend Engineering Company Self-balancing wheeled vehicle
US4740004A (en) 1986-06-09 1988-04-26 Mcmullen Wayne W Three wheeled cycle with load carrying basket
DE4139725A1 (en) * 1991-12-02 1993-06-03 Kurt Dr Med Hoppe Double wheels for motorcycles - involve fluid activated by spring pressure and connecting both fork arms producing even wheel pressures on ground in each travel position
FR2688465B1 (en) 1992-03-10 1994-04-29 Patin Pierre STABILIZATION DEVICE FOR VEHICLE.
GB2279047A (en) * 1993-06-16 1994-12-21 David Dovison Banking suspension
US6367824B1 (en) * 1998-05-28 2002-04-09 Avantec Corporation Tricycle
DE20000794U1 (en) * 2000-01-18 2000-03-23 Giant Mfg Co Ltd Arrangement for fastening a front wheel of a bicycle
IT1317529B1 (en) * 2000-05-16 2003-07-09 Piaggio & C Spa THREE-WHEEL VEHICLE WITH TWO STEERING FRONT WHEELS
EP1180476B1 (en) * 2000-08-10 2004-07-21 Marco Doveri A laterally tilting three-wheeled vehicle
GB0029136D0 (en) * 2000-11-29 2001-01-10 Shotter Nicholas R Motorcycle-type vehicle

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0372515U (en) * 1989-11-10 1991-07-22
JPH11334671A (en) * 1998-05-28 1999-12-07 Abanteku:Kk Bicycle serving also as cart
JP2002337779A (en) * 2001-05-21 2002-11-27 Abanteku:Kk Tricycle

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP1484239A2 (en) 2004-12-08
EP1484239A3 (en) 2006-05-31
ITMI20031108A0 (en) 2003-06-03
ITMI20031108A1 (en) 2004-12-04
US7073806B2 (en) 2006-07-11
ATE519662T1 (en) 2011-08-15
CN1572644A (en) 2005-02-02
ES2371341T3 (en) 2011-12-30
JP2004359232A (en) 2004-12-24
TWI331973B (en) 2010-10-21
TW200505735A (en) 2005-02-16
US20050012291A1 (en) 2005-01-20
CN1572644B (en) 2012-05-09
EP1484239B1 (en) 2011-08-10

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
JP4607501B2 (en) Three-wheel rolling vehicle with front two-wheel steering
EP1155950B1 (en) Three-wheeled vehicle with two front steering wheels
US8925940B2 (en) Tilting wheeled vehicle
US20110031716A1 (en) Tricycle and Steering Mechanism Therefor
JP2008168893A (en) Rolling vehicle provided with two front steering wheels and at least one rear driving wheel
EP1232088A2 (en) Vehicle
JP2010018173A (en) Folding three-wheel bicycle of x-shaped frame
CN106184538B (en) A kind of device of active control double-front wheel tricycle body sway
CN105143029A (en) Articulated two-wheeled vehicles
GB2374327A (en) Laterally tilting vehicle
USRE44854E1 (en) Vehicle with improved integrated steering and suspension system
JP4297967B1 (en) Front motorcycle
JP4719344B2 (en) Vehicle rear wheel suspension system
CN207917048U (en) Three-wheeled electric vehicle can be rolled down
JP2005193740A (en) Multi-use tricycle
WO2012092182A1 (en) Motorized cycle
JP2005119450A (en) Front double-wheel and rear single-wheel tricycle
JP2576816B2 (en) Saddle-riding four-wheel vehicle for running on uneven terrain
JPH09272481A (en) Tri-wheeled cycle
JPH0310552B2 (en)
JPH0717659Y2 (en) Saddle type automobile
JP2022035632A (en) Front-wheel suspension mechanism and tricycle
JPH06313Y2 (en) Motorcycle steering device
JP2001287665A (en) Electric four-wheeled vehicle
JP2005047388A (en) Front two-wheel travel vehicle

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
A621 Written request for application examination

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621

Effective date: 20070509

A131 Notification of reasons for refusal

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131

Effective date: 20091221

A601 Written request for extension of time

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A601

Effective date: 20100323

A602 Written permission of extension of time

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A602

Effective date: 20100326

A521 Request for written amendment filed

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523

Effective date: 20100421

TRDD Decision of grant or rejection written
A01 Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01

Effective date: 20100913

A01 Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01

A61 First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61

Effective date: 20101007

R150 Certificate of patent or registration of utility model

Ref document number: 4607501

Country of ref document: JP

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20131015

Year of fee payment: 3

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250

R250 Receipt of annual fees

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R250