JP4607460B2 - エアクッション船 - Google Patents
エアクッション船 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4607460B2 JP4607460B2 JP2003569483A JP2003569483A JP4607460B2 JP 4607460 B2 JP4607460 B2 JP 4607460B2 JP 2003569483 A JP2003569483 A JP 2003569483A JP 2003569483 A JP2003569483 A JP 2003569483A JP 4607460 B2 JP4607460 B2 JP 4607460B2
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 98
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B1/00—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils
- B63B1/32—Other means for varying the inherent hydrodynamic characteristics of hulls
- B63B1/34—Other means for varying the inherent hydrodynamic characteristics of hulls by reducing surface friction
- B63B1/38—Other means for varying the inherent hydrodynamic characteristics of hulls by reducing surface friction using air bubbles or air layers gas filled volumes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B39/00—Equipment to decrease pitch, roll, or like unwanted vessel movements; Apparatus for indicating vessel attitude
- B63B39/06—Equipment to decrease pitch, roll, or like unwanted vessel movements; Apparatus for indicating vessel attitude to decrease vessel movements by using foils acting on ambient water
- B63B39/061—Equipment to decrease pitch, roll, or like unwanted vessel movements; Apparatus for indicating vessel attitude to decrease vessel movements by using foils acting on ambient water by using trimflaps, i.e. flaps mounted on the rear of a boat, e.g. speed boat
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B1/00—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils
- B63B1/02—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement
- B63B1/04—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with single hull
- B63B1/042—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with single hull the underpart of which being partly provided with channels or the like, e.g. catamaran shaped
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B1/00—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils
- B63B1/02—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement
- B63B1/10—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls
- B63B1/12—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls the hulls being interconnected rigidly
- B63B1/121—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving lift mainly from water displacement with multiple hulls the hulls being interconnected rigidly comprising two hulls
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B1/00—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils
- B63B1/16—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving additional lift from hydrodynamic forces
- B63B1/18—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving additional lift from hydrodynamic forces of hydroplane type
- B63B2001/183—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving additional lift from hydrodynamic forces of hydroplane type having non-floating planing surfaces, e.g. attached skis or plate-shaped bodies
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B1/00—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils
- B63B1/16—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving additional lift from hydrodynamic forces
- B63B1/18—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving additional lift from hydrodynamic forces of hydroplane type
- B63B1/20—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving additional lift from hydrodynamic forces of hydroplane type having more than one planing surface
- B63B2001/203—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving additional lift from hydrodynamic forces of hydroplane type having more than one planing surface arranged in semi-catamaran configuration
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
- B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING
- B63B1/00—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils
- B63B1/16—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving additional lift from hydrodynamic forces
- B63B1/18—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving additional lift from hydrodynamic forces of hydroplane type
- B63B1/20—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving additional lift from hydrodynamic forces of hydroplane type having more than one planing surface
- B63B2001/204—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving additional lift from hydrodynamic forces of hydroplane type having more than one planing surface arranged on multiple hulls
- B63B2001/205—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving additional lift from hydrodynamic forces of hydroplane type having more than one planing surface arranged on multiple hulls the hulls being interconnected rigidly
- B63B2001/206—Hydrodynamic or hydrostatic features of hulls or of hydrofoils deriving additional lift from hydrodynamic forces of hydroplane type having more than one planing surface arranged on multiple hulls the hulls being interconnected rigidly comprising two hulls, e.g. catamarans
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T70/00—Maritime or waterways transport
- Y02T70/10—Measures concerning design or construction of watercraft hulls
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Vibration Prevention Devices (AREA)
- Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)
- Pressure Vessels And Lids Thereof (AREA)
- Mattresses And Other Support Structures For Chairs And Beds (AREA)
- Electrochromic Elements, Electrophoresis, Or Variable Reflection Or Absorption Elements (AREA)
- Steroid Compounds (AREA)
- Lining And Supports For Tunnels (AREA)
- Tires In General (AREA)
- Braking Arrangements (AREA)
- Current-Collector Devices For Electrically Propelled Vehicles (AREA)
- Chair Legs, Seat Parts, And Backrests (AREA)
- Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
Description
1.水中を移動中の船体の摩擦抵抗を低減することにより効率を改善する理論上の方法に注目している
1.高レベルの空気静力学的揚力を仮定している
1.
(そのサイズは、配置によって決まるため)エアチャンバの突出した領域が、排水に必要な領域よりも大きくなる場合がある
1.エアチャンバの平面視形状は、一般に矩形である
1.クッション圧力および空気流を維持するために大きなファンを要する
1.動作が、海の状態および利用方法に敏感であり、船の動きが波に影響されやすい
1.特に波中において、喫水が浅く、かつ空気漏れが大きい
1.速度における低流体力学的制動を有する
1.船の姿勢の変化を打ち消すことができる比較的小さな予備排水量を有する
1.船体が、極度に物理的に複雑であり、かつ製造するのが面倒であり、それによって構造が高価になる
1.複雑な制御システムを必要とし、かつ相当な維持コストにつながり、かつ高信頼度の操作をもたらさない構造体を含むことである。
1.船首および船尾における好ましくない空気漏れを防ぎ、
1.エアクッション圧の作動調節と共に、結果として生じる揚力の大きさ(およびその位置をある程度)調節し、
1.あるいは、それらを組み合わせた目的を有する。
1.各船尾フラップ15の断面形態、面積および衝突角度と、
1.各単一船体200の初期の姿勢角度および船首浮上面8の船底の傾斜とを、
適当に組み合わせることによって得られる。
1.ウォータージェット推進を用いる場合、船の最少垂直動作の位置がどこにあろうとも、しかし、この位置は、通常、水中のその最後部の箇所から、水中での船の最大長の10〜40%であるが、ウォータージェット装置の水取入口16は、(空気がウォータージェット装置に入るのを避けるために)激浪での位置にできる限り近付けるように、
1.および/または上記波体系との干渉時の近くの単一船体または推進船体3からの側部船体2の影響が最少化されるように、
1.および/または激浪時の船の動作および加速に対する影響が最少化されるように、
1.および/または船構造の総抵抗が最少化されるように、
1.および/または船の機動性が申し分ないように、
合わされる。
1.前部船体が激浪に突っ込むときの追加的な予備浮力を生成すること、
1.前部船体の側面からの水をそらすこと、
1.浸水デッキの水平面上でのスラミングを低減することである。
1.障害のない主デッキ42および単純なデッキ構造を備える有利な構成を実現でき、
1.主デッキ42上の収容部からのファンノイズの良好な分離を有する能力を実現できる。
1.エアクッションチャンバ9内での平均流速が調節されるように、上記ファンおよび空気流の容積によって生成されるエアクッションの圧力に合わせられ、
1.船内での快適性を増すために、エアクッションチャンバ9の容積が、波中を航行中にエアクッションの圧縮により生じる動的圧力変動が制限されるような、十分な大きさであるように合わせられる。後者の要求は、前者よりもかなり大きなエアチャンバ容積を生じる。
1.空気がセクション間に流れることを防ぐフロー抵抗を形成し、
1.セクションのうちの1つが空気を外部へ漏らしたときの、セクション間の圧力等化を遅らせ、
1.圧力が、漏れているセクションに再確立されるまで、他のセクションにおける圧力低下を遅らせ、
1.より少ない空気が移動されるように、必要なファン出力を低減することである。
Claims (12)
- 少なくとも1つの船体を有し、これの重量が、船体要素、即ち、浮上面、排水量、加圧されたエアクッション、および高速で空気静力学的および空気力学的圧力の影響を受ける面の特定の組み合わせによって支持される高速船舶において、
各々が下方のみに開いている複数のエアクッションチャンバ(9)と、段(19)によって形成された平面が、船体を、この平面の前方に延びる浮上および/または排水面(8)と、後方に延びる加圧されたエアクッション部分とに分離するように、また、前記平面内の前記段の縁部の全てのポイントが、前記船舶が航行中の時の平穏な水面に対して同じ垂直高さに実質的にあるように、各船体の底部から内方に延びている段(19)と、
長手方向の側壁間の平面と、エアクッションチャンバ内張り板と、水面とを規定している後方エンクロージャ構成(14、15)とを具備し、
船尾梁(23)から前記段の最前点(27)と最後点(127)との間の中間点までの各エアクッションチャンバの長さが、船尾梁(23)と船首(22)との間の船体の全長の45%ないし85%をなし、
前記浮上および/または排水面(8)の下側の輪郭が、船体の底を形成した後面と、この後面から、境界線を境にして、船首(22)に向かって上方に傾斜した前面とからなり、前記段(19)は、船体の中心線に直交する横線に対して傾斜するように船体の幅方向に延びており、この幅方向の一端側の最前点(27)と他端側の最後点(127)との間の中間点から前記境界線までの中心線に沿う水平距離は、前記中間点から船首(22)までの距離の少なくとも30%をなし、前記輪郭の前面が、高速時の水面と鋭角を形成し、
前記エアクッションチャンバが、船尾梁(23)に向かって増加していく船体を横切る幅を有し、
前記中心線に位置する船体の最下部の所での、航行中の船体の各側面と水面との間の角度は、少なくとも25°であり、
前記少なくとも1つの船体は、少なくとも1つの排水および/または浮上性多機能の推進船体(3)をさらに含み、前記推進船体の全長に対する長さが、10%〜100%であることを特徴とする、高速船舶。 - 前記段の最前点(27)と最後点(127)との間の中間点からの水平距離、および前記中間点から前記船首(22)までの距離の少なくとも30%に関して測定された前記浮上および/または排水面と前記境界線との間の鋭角が、12°以下であり、喫水線の両側で測定されることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の船舶。
- 前記推進船体(3)は、複数であり、それぞれ、前記船の中心線に対向する単一船体に接続されていることを特徴とする請求項1もしくは2に記載の船舶。
- 前記推進船体(3)は、前記単一船体の間に配置されていることを特徴とする請求項1ないし3のいずれか1に記載の船舶。
- 前記推進船体は、前記エアクッション内の単一船体の底部に接続されていることを特徴とする請求項1ないし4のいずれか1に記載の船舶。
- 前記推進船体は、前記船を推進するためのウォータージェット装置を有することを特徴とする請求項1ないし5のいずれか1に記載の船舶。
- 前記エアクッションチャンバの前記段(19)は、前記エアクッションからの好ましくない排気を制限するために、高速および高密度で水を噴出させるウォーターロックを備えることを特徴とする請求項1ないし6のいずれか1に記載の船舶。
- 少なくとも1つの船尾フラップが、前記エアクッションを囲むために、および前記上方力の位置を釣り合わせるために、前記エアクッションの船尾部分からの空気の換気を制御するために、水平面と調節可能な角度を形成することを特徴とする請求項1ないし7のいずれか1に記載の船舶。
- 前記エアクッションチャンバの各々は、前記エアクッションチャンバ内張り板から下方の水面上まで延びているほぼ垂直な隔壁によって分割され、各エアクッションチャンバが複数のセクションに分割されることを特徴とする請求項1ないし8のいずれか1に記載の船舶。
- 前記少なくとも1つの船体は、少なくとも2つの単一船体を含み、これら船体と、内張り板との間で、船舶の船尾方向に減少する断面積を有する少なくとも1つの長手方向エアトンネルを規定していることを特徴とする請求項1ないし9のいずれか1に記載の船舶。
- 別の加圧される気体供給源を有する追加的なエアクッションチャンバを形成するための、前記船体のエアトンネルの船首部分に設けられた少なくとも1つの断面制限装置を更に具備すること特徴とする請求項10に記載の船舶。
- 前記少なくとも1つの船体は、単一船体と推進他船体とを含み、各単一船体の内面と、対応する推進船体の垂直面との間に溝が形成され、前記溝が、各単一船体の側部キールの内面に漏れる空気を集めるようになっている、請求項1に記載の船舶。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
NO20020867A NO315231B1 (no) | 2002-02-22 | 2002-02-22 | Luftputefartöy |
PCT/NO2003/000066 WO2003070557A1 (en) | 2002-02-22 | 2003-02-21 | Air cushion vessel |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2005517588A JP2005517588A (ja) | 2005-06-16 |
JP4607460B2 true JP4607460B2 (ja) | 2011-01-05 |
Family
ID=19913361
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP2003569483A Expired - Fee Related JP4607460B2 (ja) | 2002-02-22 | 2003-02-21 | エアクッション船 |
Country Status (31)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6672234B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1487692B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4607460B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR100995817B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN100455482C (ja) |
AR (1) | AR038584A1 (ja) |
AT (1) | ATE427876T1 (ja) |
AU (1) | AU2003206455B2 (ja) |
BR (1) | BR0307986B1 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA2474675C (ja) |
CY (1) | CY1109192T1 (ja) |
DE (1) | DE60327057D1 (ja) |
DK (1) | DK1487692T3 (ja) |
EA (1) | EA006339B1 (ja) |
ES (1) | ES2325575T3 (ja) |
HK (1) | HK1077272A1 (ja) |
HR (1) | HRP20040869B1 (ja) |
IL (1) | IL163483A (ja) |
MA (1) | MA27248A1 (ja) |
MX (1) | MXPA04008057A (ja) |
MY (1) | MY141126A (ja) |
NO (1) | NO315231B1 (ja) |
NZ (1) | NZ535251A (ja) |
PL (1) | PL204028B1 (ja) |
PT (1) | PT1487692E (ja) |
RS (1) | RS73104A (ja) |
SI (1) | SI1487692T1 (ja) |
TN (1) | TNSN04161A1 (ja) |
TW (1) | TWI283212B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2003070557A1 (ja) |
ZA (1) | ZA200407602B (ja) |
Families Citing this family (33)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20040168623A1 (en) * | 2003-02-27 | 2004-09-02 | Kirk Clint F. | Multi-hull personal watercraft |
US6981460B1 (en) * | 2003-12-23 | 2006-01-03 | Robert L Wheeler | Self-Generating Air Cushion Vessel |
US20090308300A1 (en) * | 2005-01-03 | 2009-12-17 | Baker Elbert H | Watercraft with wave deflecting hull |
CN101306716B (zh) * | 2007-05-18 | 2013-08-07 | 孟英志 | 改变水中移动物体所受阻力的方法及装置 |
JP5104515B2 (ja) * | 2008-04-21 | 2012-12-19 | 株式会社Ihi | 多胴船の減揺装置 |
KR101541574B1 (ko) | 2008-09-19 | 2015-08-03 | 스테나 레데리 에이비 | 공기 공동이 제공되는 선박들을 위한 선형 |
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