JP4594749B2 - Water retention pavement system - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to water retention pavement system.

  The road surface temperature of asphalt pavement under the hot summer heat is easy to absorb sunlight because the color of the asphalt is black, and may rise to 60 ° C. or higher. Particularly in urban areas where the pavement ratio is high, the heat island phenomenon in which the entire urban area becomes high temperature is a problem due to such an increase in road surface temperature.

  In view of this, various water retention pavements have been proposed that have a water retention function for retaining rainwater during rainfall, and suppress the increase in road surface temperature by evaporating the water retained in fine weather. For example, it is “a perforated surface layer of a pavement having a function of suppressing an increase in road surface temperature filled with a silt-based filler” by the applicant of the present application (see Patent Document 1).

Japanese Patent No. 3156151 (page 3 to page 14, FIGS. 1 to 3)

  However, for example, when the water in the water-retaining pavement decreases after fine weather, the effect of reducing the road surface temperature by the water-retaining pavement decreases, and in order to maintain the effect, water is supplied by supplying water to the water-retaining layer. There was a need.

The present invention aims to provide a water retention pavement systems that a suitably capable of supplying water to the moisture-holding layer.

As means for solving the above problems, the present invention provides an impermeable lower layer having a plurality of water supply grooves on the upper surface side, a water retention layer having water retention laminated on the lower layer, and each of the water supply grooves. Water supply means for supplying water to an upstream end, and a water retention pavement capable of supplying water from the water supply means to the water retention layer through the water supply groove, wherein the lower layer and the water retention layer are The plurality of water supply grooves have a slope, and the water retention grooves are formed from the high part of the lower layer having the slope to the entire upper surface side of the lower layer so that water is supplied to the entire water retention layer. Pavement, control means for controlling the water supply means, temperature detection means for detecting the temperature of the water retention layer and the reference pavement, moisture for detecting the amount of water retained in the water retention layer Detecting means, outside air temperature detecting means for detecting outside air temperature, Detection means including at least one, and determination means for determining whether or not it is necessary to supply water to the water retention layer based on a detection value detected by the detection means. When it is determined that it is necessary to supply water to the water retention layer, the control means operates the water supply means to supply water to the water retention layer.

According to such a water-retaining pavement system , by supplying water to the water supply groove from an appropriate water supply means, the supplied water corresponds to the number, shape (width / depth), arrangement, etc. of the water supply groove. Flow through the water supply channel. And the circulated water is supplied suitably to a water retention layer.
Therefore, by appropriately forming the water supply groove on the upper surface side of the lower layer so that the water extends over the entire surface of the water retention layer, corresponding to the longitudinal gradient / crossing gradient of the construction site of the water retention pavement, the water supply groove is formed. The water can be supplied to the water retention layer.
Incidentally, it is preferable that the water supply groove is formed over the entire upper surface of the lower layer. In consideration of supplying water to the water retaining layer, the lower layer preferably has water permeability so that the water flowing through the water supply channel is difficult to permeate the lower layer itself, and is a water impermeable layer (water shielding layer). It is desirable to be.

  Further, according to such a water retention pavement system, when the determination means determines that it is necessary to supply water to the water retention layer based on the state detected by the detection means, the control means operates the water supply means. Thus, water can be supplied to the water retention layer through the water supply groove.

  In the water-retaining pavement system, the detection means is the temperature detection means, a water retention layer temperature detection means for detecting the temperature of the water retention layer, and a reference pavement for detecting the temperature of the reference pavement. Temperature detection means, and the determination means needs to supply water to the water retention layer when the difference between the temperature of the water retention layer and the reference pavement temperature is a predetermined temperature difference or less. It is preferable to determine that there is.

  According to such a water retentive pavement system, the determination means needs to supply water to the water retentive layer when the difference between the temperature of the water retentive layer and the reference pavement temperature is a predetermined temperature difference or less. Can be determined.
  In the first embodiment, which will be described later, a case will be described in which the reference pavement is a dense particle size asphalt pavement in which a dense particle size asphalt mixture is compacted.

  Moreover, in the water-retaining pavement system, it is preferable that each water supply groove extends in the longitudinal direction after extending in the width direction from the upstream end.

  In the water retention pavement system, it is preferable that the plurality of water supply grooves are formed in a radial shape.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the water retention pavement system further includes a water permeable material having water permeability filled in the water supply groove.

  According to such a water-retaining pavement system, for example, in a water-retaining pavement provided with a lower layer and a water retention layer thereon, when a water permeable material is filled in a water supply groove formed on the upper surface side of the lower layer, During the use of the pavement, aggregates constituting the water retention layer are less likely to enter the water supply groove. That is, the water permeable material filled in the water supply groove makes it easy to ensure good water flow in the water supply groove over a long period of time. Therefore, water can be suitably supplied to the water retention layer through the water supply groove over a long period of time.

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a water retention pavement systems that a suitably water enables water water retaining layer.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings as appropriate.
In the description of each embodiment, the same constituent elements are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant descriptions are omitted.

<< First Embodiment >>
The water-retaining pavement system according to the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3. In the drawings to be referred to, FIG. 1 is a plan view of a water retention pavement system according to the first embodiment. FIG. 2 is an XX cross-sectional view of the water-retaining pavement shown in FIG. FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing the operation of the water retention pavement system according to the first embodiment.
In FIG. 1, a part of the water retention layer 10 of the water retention pavement P1 shown in the center is omitted.

≪Configuration of water retention pavement system≫
As shown in FIG. 1, the water retention pavement system S <b> 1 according to the first embodiment detects a water retention pavement P <b> 1 having a water retention layer 10, water supply means for supplying water to the water retention layer 10, road surface temperature, and the like. It mainly includes sensors (detection means) that perform the control and a control device 60 that controls these sensors.

<Water-retaining pavement>
As shown in FIG. 1, the water-retaining pavements P1, P1,... Are continuously arranged on the right side of the dense-graded asphalt pavement P0 (reference pavement) formed by compacting the dense-graded asphalt mixture. The water-retaining pavement P1, P1... Is a pavement constructed at the same time, but has a longitudinal gradient that lowers the left side, and therefore corresponds to the longitudinal gradient in the longitudinal direction of the road (lateral direction in FIG. 1). Are divided into water-retaining pavements P1, P1,... For convenience (for example, when the longitudinal gradient is 0.3%, it is divided by 100 to 200 m). And water supply means, such as the water supply pipe 42, is arrange | positioned for every water retention pavement P1, and water is each supplied favorably to the water retention layer 10 of each water retention pavement P1. Here, the water-retaining pavement P1 adjacent to the dense-graded asphalt pavement P0 will be described.
In addition, the water-retaining pavement P1 has a transverse gradient, that is, a single gradient in which the lower side of FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the water-retaining pavement P <b> 1 is constructed on a roadbed 30 formed by compacting granulated crushed stone. The water-retaining pavement P <b> 1 includes a water-impermeable layer 20 (lower layer) and a water-retaining layer 10 having water retention laminated on the water-impermeable layer 20 toward the surface. That is, the water-retaining pavement P1 is a two-layer pavement including the surface water-retaining layer 10 and the lower impermeable layer 20. The interface between the water retention layer 10 and the impermeable layer 20 is adhered by a tack coat (not shown) while ensuring a state in which water can move between the water retention layer 10 and a water permeable material 21 described later.

[Water retention layer]
The water retention layer 10 mainly includes an open-graded asphalt mixture layer 11 (open particle-size mixture layer) that has a void and serves as a base, and a water retention material 12 filled in voids (continuous voids) of the open-graded asphalt mixture layer 11. I have.
However, the base of the water retention layer 10 is not limited to the open-graded asphalt mixture layer 11 as long as it has continuous voids, and may be porous concrete, for example.

(Open grain size asphalt mixture layer)
The open particle size asphalt mixture layer 11 is a layer formed by compacting the open particle size asphalt mixture, and has a predetermined porosity (for example, 15 to 35%). The open-graded asphalt mixture layer 11 is formed to include coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, and stone powder (hereinafter referred to as “aggregate”) serving as a skeleton and an asphalt binder obtained by combining these. The composition of the aggregate of the open-graded asphalt mixture, the composite particle size, and the added amount of the asphalt binder are such that the open-graded asphalt mixture layer 11 after compaction has continuous continuous voids inside and fluid resistance depending on the construction location. Any combination may be used.

For example, when the maximum particle size of the aggregate to be used is 13 mm (that is, the aggregate having the maximum particle size to be used is No. 6 crushed stone), the aggregate particle size of the aggregate of the open particle size asphalt mixture is within the particle size range shown in Table 1. It is preferable that the set porosity of the open-graded asphalt mixture layer 11 is 15 to 35%, and the water-retaining material 12 can be sufficiently filled in the voids of the open-graded asphalt mixture layer 11.
In addition, the maximum particle size of the aggregate to be used may be 5 mm, 20 mm, or the like. However, as a result of extensive research, the inventors of the present application have determined that the maximum particle size of the aggregate constituting the open-graded asphalt mixture layer 11 is as follows. Has found that it is particularly desirable to be 13 mm.

  The asphalt binder is preferably a high-viscosity modified asphalt binder to which a peeling inhibitor such as amine is added in consideration of peeling resistance to water and the like.

(Water retention material)
The water retaining material 12 has a large number of fine voids (not shown) capable of retaining water therein, and has water retaining properties. Such a water retaining material 12 is formed by, for example, filling water retaining grout, drying and curing. The water retention grout is synonymous with the “silt-based filler” described in Japanese Patent No. 3156151 (Patent Document 1) by the applicant of the present application, and as a silt-based powder, a cement-based solidifying material, water, and an additive. A water reducing agent or a setting retarder is mixed in a predetermined composition.

  As the silt powder, for example, a dust collected from rocks can be used. As the cement-based solidifying material, it can be appropriately selected and used from super fast setting cement, ordinary Portland cement, ultra-high strength cement, early strength cement, blast furnace cement and the like in consideration of construction conditions. As the water reducing agent for the additive, for example, a water reducing agent such as a carboxylic acid type or a melanin type can be used, and as the setting retarder for the additive, for example, an SBR type, acrylic type, or vinyl acetate type polymer emulsion can be used. .

[Impermeable layer]
The impermeable layer 20 is formed by compacting, for example, a dense asphalt mixture and does not have water permeability. The impermeable layer 20 has a plurality of water supply grooves 20a (eight in FIG. 1) on the upper surface side (water retention layer 10 side), and each of the water supply grooves 20a is filled with a water permeable material 21. Yes.

(Water supply groove)
Each water supply groove 20a is a groove for supplying water supplied from a water supply means to be described later to the entire water retaining layer 10. Each water supply groove 20a is disposed so that water discharged from each nozzle 43 disposed at a high position in the water retention pavement P1 extends over the entire water retention layer 10.

  More specifically, in the first embodiment, the number of water supply grooves 20a is the number of nozzles 43 provided in the water supply pipe 42 at a predetermined interval (for example, an interval of 20 cm when the transverse gradient is 2% and the longitudinal gradient is 0.2%). Is consistent with the number of The upstream side of each water supply groove 20 a is arranged vertically below each nozzle 43. And the water discharged from each nozzle 43 is supplied to the upstream side of each water supply groove 20a through the through-hole 41a (refer FIG. 2) formed in the bottom wall of the watering box 41 corresponding to each nozzle 43. It has come to be.

Next, the plurality of water supply grooves 20a maintain a predetermined interval ΔD1 corresponding to the interval between the nozzles 43 (for example, when the transverse gradient is 2% and the longitudinal gradient is 0.2%, the interval is 20 cm). After extending to the lower side of the height position in the width direction of the body P1 (lower side of FIG. 1), it extends to the lower side of the height position (left side of FIG. 1) in the longitudinal direction of the water-retaining pavement P1. .
Therefore, the water supplied to each water supply groove 20a from each nozzle 43 once flows in each water supply groove 20a in the width direction and then flows in the longitudinal direction. Thus, when water flows through each water supply groove 20a, water is supplied to the water retention material 12 of the water retention layer 10, and as a result, water is supplied to the entire water retention layer 10, and the entire water retention layer 10 is It is designed to retain water.

The number of the water supply grooves 20a is set based on the interval ΔD1 (interval of the nozzles 43) of the water supply grooves 20a. The interval ΔD1 of the water supply groove 20a is set based on the gradient of the road (location) where the water-retaining pavement P1 is constructed (applied) and the climate. For example, as described above, when the transverse gradient is 2% and the longitudinal gradient is 0.2%, the interval ΔD1 between the water supply grooves 20a is about 20 to 30 cm.
In addition, in the case where the amount of evaporation of the retained water is expected to be large, such as when the construction is performed in a place where the amount of rainfall in summer is small, a large amount of water is retained in the water retention layer 10 by reducing the interval ΔD1 of the water supply groove 20a. It may be supplied.

  The width and depth of each water supply groove 20a are not particularly limited in the present invention as long as water can flow therethrough. For example, the width and depth are about 1 cm in width and 1 cm in depth.

(Water-permeable material)
The water permeable material 21 has water permeability, that is, water permeability, and in the third step of constructing the water retention layer 10 as described in the construction method of the water retention pavement P1 described later, the water retention layer 10 The aggregate or water retaining grout constituting the water is prevented from entering the water supply groove 20a, and the water flow in the water supply groove 20a is ensured.
In addition, since the water permeable material 21 is filled in the water supply groove 20a in this way, the water discharged from each nozzle 43 flows through the water supply groove 20a due to gravity loaded on the water, as will be described later. In addition, it is possible to flow through and penetrate into each water supply groove 20a also by the capillary phenomenon in the water permeable material 21. That is, even if the arrangement direction of each water supply groove 20a does not correspond to the longitudinal gradient / transverse gradient, water easily flows and permeates through the water permeable material 21 of each water supply groove 20a using the capillary phenomenon. It has become.

  Furthermore, since the water permeable material 21 is filled in the water supply groove 20a, aggregates or the like constituting the water retention layer 10 are less likely to enter the water supply groove 20a during use of the water-retaining pavement P1. Thereby, the water flowability in the water supply groove 20a is easily secured well over a long period of time. Therefore, it is possible to suitably supply water to the water retention layer 10 through the water supply groove 20a over a long period of time.

As a material constituting such a water permeable material 21, any material may be used as long as it has water permeability. For example, silica sand (such as No. 7 silica sand), grain-adjusted sand, non-woven fabric, , Glass cullet (glass grains) and the like can be used.
Of these, when No. 7 silica sand is used, it can be easily obtained, and in the construction method of the water-retaining pavement P1 to be described later, the water supply groove 20a can be easily filled. Moreover, when using a nonwoven fabric, according to the shape of the water supply groove | channel 20a, a nonwoven fabric is cut | judged, the cut nonwoven fabric is inserted in the water supply groove | channel 20a, and it fills.

<Water supply means>
The water supply means is means for supplying water to the water retention layer 10 through each water supply groove 20a, and mainly includes a watering box 41, a water supply pipe 42, a plurality of nozzles 43, a pump 44, and a water source 45. I have.

[Watering box]
The watering box 41 is a box having a width of about 40 mm and a height of about 40 mm, for example, and has an internal space. The watering box 41 protects the water supply pipe 42 and each nozzle 43 which are arrange | positioned in the interior space. The watering box 41 is arranged for each water-retaining pavement P1 divided for convenience as described above. That is, when the water-retaining pavements P1, P1,... Are set by being divided at 100 to 200 m, the watering boxes 41 are arranged every 100 to 200 m corresponding to this division.

The watering box 41 is arranged in the portion with the highest height position in each water-retaining pavement P1 (in FIG. 1, the upper right side of the water-retaining pavement P1). Thereby, the water discharged from each nozzle 43 arrange | positioned in the watering box 41 can flow in each water supply groove | channel 20a according to gravity.
As shown in FIG. 2, through holes 41 a are formed in the bottom wall of the water spray box 41 at positions corresponding to the nozzles 43 so that the water discharged from the nozzles 43 is guided to the water supply grooves 20 a. .

  The height of the watering box 41 is substantially equal to the thickness of the water retention layer 10. And the watering box 41 is arrange | positioned at the road shoulder of the side with a high cross gradient. The watering box 41 is made of metal such as iron and has a predetermined rigidity. Therefore, the vehicle etc. can pass comfortably on the watering box 41 without hindering the passage of vehicles, pedestrians and the like.

[Water supply pipe, nozzle]
The water supply pipe 42 is a pipe (distribution means) for distributing the water supplied from one water source 45 to each water supply groove 20a, and a through-hole corresponding to each water supply groove 20a is formed in the peripheral wall of the water supply pipe 42. (Not shown) is formed. The length of the water supply pipe 42 is substantially equal to the width of the water-retaining pavement P1 (road width). Thereby, water can be suitably supplied to the respective water supply grooves 20a arranged on the upper surface side of the impermeable layer 20 at a predetermined interval ΔD1.

A nozzle 43 is attached to each through hole (not shown) of the water supply pipe 42. Each nozzle 43 is, for example, an electromagnetic nozzle, and its opening degree is adjustable. In addition, each nozzle 43 is electrically connected to a control unit 61 of the control device 60 described later, and the control unit 61 adjusts the opening degree of each nozzle 43 to a desired value, from each nozzle 43 to the water supply groove 20a. The amount of water discharged can be controlled independently for each nozzle 43.
Accordingly, not only all the nozzles 43 are opened and water is supplied to all of the water supply grooves 20a, but, for example, every other nozzle 43 is opened and water is supplied to every other water supply groove 20a. It is also possible to supply water only to the water supply groove 20a on the shoulder side. In addition, it is also possible to provide a plurality of moisture sensors 52 to be described later in the water retention layer 10 and selectively supply water to the water supply groove 20a passing through the portion where the water retention amount is reduced.

[Pump, water source]
The water source 45 is a supply source of water to be sent to the water retention layer 10 through the water supply pipe 42 and the water supply groove 20a. In the present invention, the type of the water source 45 is not particularly limited, and for example, water supply, middle water supply, rainwater storage tank, ground water, or the like can be used.
The water source 45 is connected to the water supply pipe 42 via the pump 44. When the pump 44 is activated, water is sent from the water source 45 to the water supply pipe 42. The pump 44 is connected to an appropriate power source (not shown) and electrically connected to a control unit 61 of a control device 60 described later. The control unit 61 connects the pump 44 to a desired operating condition (for example, rotation speed). It is possible to operate with.

<Sensors>
The sensors (detection means) mainly include road surface temperature sensors 51 and 55, a moisture sensor 52, and an outside air temperature sensor 53.

[Road surface temperature sensor]
The road surface temperature sensors 51 and 55 are temperature sensors that detect the actual road surface temperature. The road surface temperature sensor 51 (water retention layer temperature detection means) uses the road surface temperature of the water retention pavement P1 (water retention layer 10) (hereinafter referred to as measured water retention pavement surface temperature T1) as the road surface temperature sensor 55 (reference pavement temperature). The detection means) is buried, for example, in the vicinity of the road surface so as to be able to detect the road surface temperature (hereinafter referred to as measured dense particle size asphalt road surface temperature T0) of the dense granular asphalt pavement P0 having little water retention. The road surface temperature sensors 51 and 55 are electrically connected to a control unit 61 of the control device 60 described later, and the control unit 61 monitors the measured water retention pavement road surface temperature T1 and the measured dense granular asphalt road surface temperature T0. It is possible.
Normally, the measured dense-graded asphalt pavement surface temperature T0 of the dense-graded asphalt pavement P0 having no water retention is higher than the measured water-retentive pavement surface temperature T1. That is, in the present invention, the reference pavement is selected from pavements that have a road surface temperature higher than the road surface temperature of the water retention layer 10.

[Moisture sensor]
The moisture sensor 52 is a sensor that detects the amount of moisture actually retained in the water retention layer 10 (hereinafter referred to as an actually measured water retention amount W1), and is embedded in the water retention layer 10. And the moisture sensor 52 is electrically connected with the control part 61 of the control apparatus 60 mentioned later, and the control part 61 can monitor the measurement water retention amount W1.

[Outside air temperature sensor]
The outside air temperature sensor 53 is a sensor that detects the temperature of the outside air in the vicinity of the actual water retention pavement P1 (hereinafter referred to as the actually measured outside air temperature T2), and is disposed in the vicinity of the water retention pavement P1. And the outside temperature sensor 53 is electrically connected with the control part 61 of the control apparatus 60 mentioned later, and the control part 61 can monitor the actually measured outside temperature T2.

Here, the road surface temperature sensor 51 and the moisture sensor 52 correspond to “detection means for detecting the state of the water retention layer ” . That, and the measured water retention pavement temperature T1 road surface temperature sensor 51 detects, from the measured water retention capacity W1 moisture sensor 52 detects, corresponds to the "state of the moisture-holding layer."
In addition, the outside air temperature sensor 53 corresponds to “detection means for detecting the state around the water retention layer ” . That is, the measured outside air temperature T2 detected by the outside air temperature sensor 53 corresponds to “a state around the water retention layer ” .

<Control device>
The control device 60 mainly has a function of controlling the operation of each nozzle 43 and pump 44. The control device 60 includes a CPU, ROM, RAM, various interfaces, electronic circuits, various storage media, and the like, and mainly includes a control unit 61 (control unit, determination unit) and a control data storage unit 62. ing.

[Control unit]
The control unit 61 is electrically connected to each nozzle 43, independently controls the opening degree of each nozzle 43, and can individually control the amount of water discharged from each nozzle 43. Moreover, the control part 61 is electrically connected with the pump 44, and can operate | move the pump 44 suitably on desired operating conditions. That is, the control unit 61 can appropriately select whether to supply water by operating the pump 44 (hereinafter referred to as “water supply ON”) or not to operate the pump 44 and not supply water (hereinafter referred to as “water supply OFF”). (See FIG. 3, S104, S105).
Further, the control unit 61 is electrically connected to the road surface temperature sensors 51 and 55, the moisture sensor 52, and the outside air temperature sensor 53, and the measured water retention pavement road surface temperature T1, the measured dense granular asphalt road surface temperature T0, the actual measurement. The water retention amount W1 and the measured outside air temperature T2 can be monitored.

[Control section-outside air temperature comparison function]
The control unit 61 determines whether or not it is necessary to supply water to the water retention layer 10 based on whether or not the actually measured outside air temperature T2 is higher than a reference outside air temperature T12 (for example, 20 to 25 ° C.) described later. It has an outside air temperature determination function (see FIG. 3, S101).

[Control section-Actual road surface temperature difference calculation function, road surface temperature difference determination function]
The control unit 61 has a measured road surface temperature difference calculation function for calculating a measured road surface temperature difference ΔT1 (= T0−T1) between the actually measured dense grained asphalt road surface temperature T0 and the actually measured water retention pavement road surface temperature T1 (FIG. 3). , S102).
And whether the control part 61 needs to supply water to the water retention layer 10 based on whether measured road surface temperature difference (DELTA) T1 is below the reference road surface temperature difference (DELTA) T11 (for example, 8 degreeC difference) mentioned later. Has a road surface temperature difference determination function (see FIG. 3, S102).

[Control unit-water retention amount judgment function]
The control unit 61 has a water retention amount determination function that determines whether or not it is necessary to supply water to the water retention layer 10 based on whether or not the actually measured water retention amount W1 is smaller than a reference water retention amount W11 described later. (See S103 in FIG. 3).

[Control data storage unit]
Control data is stored in the control data storage unit 62. The control data includes a reference road surface temperature difference ΔT11, a reference outside air temperature T12, and a reference water retention amount W11 obtained by a preliminary experiment or the like.

The reference outside air temperature T12 is a reference temperature for determining that the water retaining layer 10 needs water supply when the actually measured outside air temperature T2 is higher than this temperature (T2> T12), and is, for example, 20 to 25 ° C. .
When the difference between the measured dense grained asphalt road surface temperature T0 and the measured water retention pavement road surface temperature T1 is equal to or smaller than this temperature difference (T0−T1 ≦ ΔT11), the reference road surface temperature difference ΔT11 is high. This is a temperature difference serving as a reference for determining that water supply is necessary for the water retaining layer 10, and is, for example, an 8 ° C. difference.
The reference water retention amount W11 is a moisture amount serving as a reference for determining that the water retention layer 10 needs to be supplied with water when the actually measured water retention amount W1 is smaller than the water retention amount (W1 <W11). More specifically, the reference water retention amount W11 is set to about 50% of the maximum water retention amount of the water retention layer 10, for example. The maximum water retention amount depends on the thickness of the water retention layer 10. For example, the maximum water retention amount of the water retention layer 10 having a thickness of 5 cm is 1 to 5 kg / m ² .

  The control data storage unit 62 is electrically connected to the control unit 61, and the control unit 61 can access the control data storage unit 62 as appropriate to refer to the control data.

≪Operation of water retention pavement system≫
Next, in addition to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, mainly referring to FIG. 3, the operation of the water retention pavement system S <b> 1 will be described while explaining the control flow set in the control unit 61.
As shown in FIG. 3, the control unit 61 continuously performs “start → processing of each step → return → start →...”.

<Outside air temperature judgment>
In step S101, the control unit 61 determines whether or not the actually measured outside air temperature T2 is higher than the reference outside air temperature T12.
When it is determined that the actually measured outside air temperature T2 is higher than the reference outside air temperature T12 (T2> T12) (S101 / Yes), the controller 61 proceeds to Step S102. Incidentally, when proceeding to step S102, it is estimated that it is necessary to lower the road surface temperature of the water-retaining pavement P1 (water-retaining layer 10), that is, it is necessary to supply water because the outside air temperature is high.
On the other hand, when it is determined that the actually measured outside air temperature T2 is equal to or lower than the reference outside air temperature T12 (T2 ≦ T12) (S101, No), the control unit 61 proceeds to step S105. Incidentally, when proceeding to step S105, it is estimated that the outside air temperature is low and it is not necessary to lower the road surface temperature of the water-retaining pavement P1 (water-retaining layer 10), that is, it is not necessary to supply water.

<Road surface temperature difference judgment>
In step S102, the control unit 61 determines whether or not the measured road surface temperature difference ΔT1 (= T0−T1) between the measured dense granular asphalt road surface temperature T0 and the measured water retention pavement road surface temperature T1 is equal to or less than the reference road surface temperature difference ΔT11. judge.
When it is determined that the actually measured road surface temperature difference ΔT1 is equal to or less than the reference road surface temperature difference ΔT11 (ΔT1 ≦ ΔT11) (S102 / Yes), the control unit 61 proceeds to step S103. Incidentally, when proceeding to step S103, it is estimated that it is necessary to supply water because the measured water retention pavement surface temperature T1 of the water retention layer 10 is high and the amount of water retention is small.
On the other hand, when it is determined that the measured road surface temperature difference ΔT1 is larger than the reference road surface temperature difference ΔT11 (ΔT1> ΔT11) (S102 · No), the control unit 61 proceeds to step S105. Incidentally, when proceeding to step S105, the measured water retention pavement surface temperature T1 of the water retention layer 10 is low, the amount of water retention is sufficient, and it is estimated that it is not necessary to supply water.

<Water retention determination>
In step S103, the control unit 61 determines whether or not the actually measured water retention amount W1 is smaller than the reference water retention amount W11.
When it is determined that the measured water retention amount W1 is smaller than the reference water retention amount W11 (W1 <W11) (S103 / Yes), the control unit 61 proceeds to step S104. Incidentally, when the process proceeds to step S104, the water retention amount of the water retention layer 10 is small and it is necessary to supply water.
On the other hand, when it is determined that the measured water retention amount W1 is equal to or greater than the reference water retention amount W11 (W1 ≧ W11) (S103 · No), the control unit 61 proceeds to step S105. Incidentally, when proceeding to step S105, the amount of water retained in the water retaining layer 10 is sufficient and it is not necessary to supply water.

<Water supply ON>
In step S104, when the water supply is stopped, the control unit 61 opens the nozzle 43, operates the pump 44 in a predetermined manner, and supplies water to the water retention layer 10 through the water supply groove 20a (water supply ON). ). On the other hand, if the water is being supplied, the water is continuously supplied.
Thereafter, the process proceeds to return and then returns to start.

<Water supply OFF>
In step S <b> 105, the control unit 61 closes the nozzle 43 and stops the pump 44 when water is being supplied. Thereby, the supply of water to the water retention layer 10 is stopped (water supply OFF). On the other hand, when the water supply is stopped, the water supply is continuously stopped.
Thereafter, the process proceeds to return and then returns to start.

≪Construction method of water retentive pavement≫
Next, the construction method of the water-retaining pavement P1 according to the first embodiment will be briefly described. The construction method of the water retentive pavement P1 includes a first step of forming the water supply groove 20a on the surface of the impermeable layer 20 (lower layer), a second step of filling the water permeable material 21, and a third step of constructing the water retaining layer 10. And a process.

[First step]
Using a suitable cutter (for example, a grooving cutter) or the like, a plurality of water supply grooves 20a are formed at a predetermined position on the surface of the impermeable layer 20 with a predetermined width and a predetermined depth.

[Second step]
Next, the water supply groove 20a is filled with a water permeable material 21 such as silica sand.
And the watering box 41 is arrange | positioned in a predetermined position, and the water supply pipe 42 to which each nozzle 43 was attached is arrange | positioned in the inside. The water supply pipe 42 is connected to the pump 44 through appropriate piping, and each nozzle 43 is connected to the control unit 61.
However, the arrangement of the water spray box 41, the attachment of the nozzles 43, the connection with the pump 44, the work of filling the water permeable material 21 and the like should be carried out at least before spreading the leveled asphalt mixture layer according to the third step. Good. That is, you may implement before filling the water-permeable material 21, or after spraying the tack coat mentioned later.

[Third step]
Next, a tack coat (asphalt emulsion) is sprayed on the surface of the water-impermeable layer 20 filled with the water-permeable material 21 using an engine sprayer or a distributor (not shown). Application rate of tack coat, can be appropriately changed in correspondence to the welding conditions, is preferably about 0.2~0.4L / m ^2, it is desirable in particular 0.3 L / m ² approximately. By using such an amount of tack coat, the familiarity of the impermeable layer 20 and the open-graded asphalt mixture layer 11 of the water retention layer 10 is prevented without hindering the movement of water at the boundary between the water permeable material 21 and the water retention layer 10. (Adhesiveness) can be improved.

  After curing the tack coat, an open-graded asphalt mixture layer 11 that is the base of the water retention layer 10 is constructed. More specifically, an asphalt mixture having a predetermined composition is spread with an asphalt finisher, and then tightened with a load roller, vibration roller, tire roller, vibration plate, tamper, etc. (hereinafter collectively referred to as “compaction machine”). Solidify to construct an open particle size asphalt mixture layer 11 having a predetermined density, a predetermined thickness, and a predetermined porosity.

  Next, a liquid water retaining grout having fluidity is injected from the surface of the open particle size asphalt mixture layer 11 into the continuous voids. When injecting the water retention grout, if vibration is applied to the open particle size asphalt mixture layer 11 with a vibration roller or the like, the water retention grout can be suitably filled without forming a gap in the continuous void.

  Thus, even if the open-graded asphalt mixture is spread from above the water-impermeable layer 20, compacted with a compacting machine, or water-retaining grout is injected, the water-permeable material 21 is introduced into the water supply groove 20 a in the second step. As a result, the aggregate constituting the open-graded asphalt mixture, the water retaining grout, and the like are prevented from entering the water supply groove 20a. Thereby, the water flow of the water supply groove 20a can be ensured.

  Then, after curing for a predetermined time, the water retention grout is cured to become the water retention material 12, and the water retention pavement P1 according to the first embodiment is constructed (see FIG. 2).

<< Second Embodiment >>
Next, the water-retaining pavement system according to the second embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. In the drawings to be referred to, FIG. 4 is a plan view of the water-retaining pavement system according to the second embodiment.
In addition, the pumps 44, the sensors such as the road surface temperature sensor 51, and the control device 60 of the water retention pavement system S2 according to the second embodiment are the same as the water retention pavement system S1 (see FIG. 1) according to the first embodiment. Therefore, the description here is omitted.

≪Configuration of water retention pavement system≫
As shown in FIG. 4, the water-retaining pavement system S2 according to the second embodiment is that the water-retaining pavement P2 is applied to a construction site having both slopes (both shoulders are lower in the crossing direction). Different from the water-retaining pavement P1 according to the embodiment.

  Along with the construction of the water-retaining pavement P2 on both slopes, the water-retaining pavement P2 has both slopes. And the watering box 41 is arrange | positioned along the longitudinal direction in the center of the width direction of the water retention pavement P2. Along with this, the water supply pipe 42 and each nozzle 43 are also arranged in the center of the water-retaining pavement P2. The nozzles 43 are attached to both sides (both shoulder sides) of the water supply pipe 42.

The water supply grooves 20b formed in the water-impermeable layer 20 correspond to the nozzles 43 attached to both sides of the water supply pipe 42, and once in the width direction while maintaining a predetermined distance ΔD1 from the positions of the nozzles 43. After extending toward the low shoulder side of the height position, in the longitudinal direction, it extends to the dense grained asphalt pavement P0 side (left side in FIG. 4) of the low height position.
Therefore, the water discharged from each nozzle 43 flows along the water supply grooves 20b toward both the shoulders of the road, and then flows toward the dense grained asphalt pavement P0.

  In this way, even if the water-retaining pavement P2 is constructed at a site with both slopes, and the water-retaining pavement P2 has both slopes, the water supply pipe 42 and the nozzles 43 are arranged at the higher positions to cope with the slope. Thus, water can be supplied to the entire water retaining layer 10 by appropriately disposing each water supply groove 20b.

≪First Reference Example≫
Next, a water-retaining pavement system according to a first reference example obtained by modifying the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 5 and 6. In the drawings to be referred to, FIG. 5 is a plan view of a water retention pavement system according to a first reference example . 6 is a YY cross-sectional view of the water-retaining pavement shown in FIG.

≪Configuration of water retention pavement system≫
As shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, in the water retention pavement system S3 according to the first reference example , the point that a plurality of water supply grooves 10a are formed on the surface of the water retention layer 10 that is the surface layer of the water retention pavement P3. Different. The arrangement of the plurality of water supply grooves 10a in plan view is the same as that of the water supply groove 20a according to the first embodiment.

Unlike the first embodiment, the water supply groove 10 a is not filled with the water permeable material 21. Thereby, at the time of raining, the rained water quickly flows into the water supply groove 10a, so that it is difficult for a water pool or the like to occur on the water retaining layer 10.
The width and depth of the water supply groove 10a are not particularly limited as in the first embodiment, but the width of the water supply groove 10a is about 1 cm in width to prevent the traveling vehicle from dropping into the water supply groove 10a. It is preferable. The depth of the water supply groove 10 a is preferably about 1 to 2 cm in depth corresponding to the thickness of the water retention layer 10 in order to ensure the strength of the surface side of the water retention layer 10.

  Accompanying that each water supply groove 10 a is formed on the surface side of the water retention layer 10, the water spray box 41, the water supply pipe 42, and each nozzle 43 are also moved on the water retention layer 10. And like 1st Embodiment, by controlling each nozzle 43, water can be supplied from the water supply pipe 42 accommodated in the watering box 41 to the corresponding water supply groove 10a.

  As mentioned above, although an example was described about suitable embodiment of this invention, this invention is not limited to each said embodiment, In the range which does not deviate from the meaning of this invention, it combines suitably each component demonstrated by embodiment. In addition, for example, the following appropriate changes are possible.

In the first and second embodiments described above, in the case where the impermeable layer 20 (lower layer) has the water supply grooves 20a and 20b, in the first reference example described above, the surface water retention layer 10 has the water supply groove 10a. Although each was demonstrated, the structure provided with both the water supply grooves 20a and 20b formed in the impermeable layer 20 and the water supply groove 10a formed in the water retention layer 10 may be sufficient.

  In the first embodiment described above, the case where the lower layer is the impermeable layer 20 has been described, but the type of the lower layer is not limited thereto, and the lower layer may be a water retaining layer having water retention.

  In the first embodiment described above, each water supply groove 20a extends in the width direction of the water-retaining pavement P1 while maintaining a predetermined interval ΔD1 in plan view, and then extends in the longitudinal direction. However, the arrangement of the water supply grooves 20a in plan view is not limited to this, and for example, the water supply grooves 20a may be arranged radially.

  In the first embodiment described above, each nozzle 43 is controlled independently. However, the system configuration may be simplified by controlling two or three nozzles 43 collectively.

  In the first embodiment described above, the water discharged from each nozzle 43 is configured to be introduced into the corresponding water supply groove 20a. However, for example, a part of the nozzle 43 breaks down, and the water is supplied to a part of the water supply groove 20a. When water cannot be supplied, the watering box 41 may be filled with water and supplied to all of the water supply grooves 20a through the through holes 41a.

  In the first embodiment described above, the sensors (detection means) include the road surface temperature sensors 51 and 55, the moisture sensor 52, and the outside air temperature sensor 53. However, the number and combination of the sensors are appropriately determined. It is free to change. That is, for example, only the moisture sensor 52 may be used alone, and only the water retention amount determination (S103) may be performed.

  In the first embodiment described above, the outside air temperature determination (S101), the road surface temperature difference determination (S102), and the water retention amount determination (S103) are performed in this order. However, the determination order is not limited to this, and can be changed as appropriate. It is.

In the first reference example described above, the water supply groove 10a formed in the water retention layer 10 is not filled with the water permeable material 21, but the filled water permeable material 21 has a high porosity, and the water in the water permeable material 21 If the water flowability and the ease of water flow into the water supply groove 10a are ensured, the water supply groove 10a may be filled with the water-permeable material 21.

It is a top view of the water retention pavement system concerning a 1st embodiment. It is XX sectional drawing of the water retention pavement shown in FIG. It is a flowchart which shows operation | movement of the water retention pavement system which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a top view of the water retention pavement system which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. It is a top view of the water retention pavement system which concerns on a 1st reference example . It is YY sectional drawing of the water retention pavement shown in FIG.

Explanation of symbols

S1, S2, S3 Water retentive pavement system P1, P2, P3 Water retentive pavement P0 Dense grained asphalt pavement (standard pavement)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Water retention layer 10a, 20a, 20b Water supply groove 11 Open-graded asphalt mixture layer 12 Water retention material 20 Impermeable layer (lower layer)
21 Water permeable material 41 Watering box (water supply means)
42 Water supply pipe (water supply means)
43 Nozzle (water supply means)
44 Pump (water supply means)
51 Road surface temperature sensor (water retention layer temperature detection means)
52 Moisture sensor (detection means)
53 Outside air temperature sensor (detection means)
55 Road surface temperature sensor (standard pavement temperature detection means)
60 control device 61 control unit (control means, determination means)
62 Control data storage unit

Claims (5)

An impermeable lower layer having a plurality of water supply grooves on the upper surface side, a water retention layer having water retention laminated on the lower layer, and a water supply means for supplying water to the upstream end of each of the water supply grooves, A water-retaining pavement capable of supplying water from the water supply means to the water retention layer through the water supply groove, wherein the lower layer and the water retention layer have a gradient, and the plurality of water supply grooves have water as supplied to the entire of the water-retaining layer, and the water retention pavement that has been formed from the said lower high part having a slope on the entire surface of the upper surface of the lower layer,
Control means for controlling the water supply means;
Temperature detection means for detecting the temperature of the water retention layer and the reference pavement temperature, water detection means for detecting the amount of water retained in the water retention layer, and outside air temperature detection means for detecting the outside air temperature, Detection means including one;
Determination means for determining whether or not it is necessary to supply water to the water retention layer, based on the detection value detected by the detection means;
With
When the determination means determines that it is necessary to supply water to the water retention layer,
The said control means operates the said water supply means, and supplies water to the said water retention layer, The water retention pavement system characterized by the above-mentioned. The detection means is the temperature detection means, and includes a water retention layer temperature detection means for detecting the temperature of the water retention layer, and a reference pavement temperature detection means for detecting the temperature of the reference pavement,
The determination means determines that it is necessary to supply water to the water retention layer when the difference between the temperature of the water retention layer and the reference pavement temperature is a predetermined temperature difference or less. The water-retaining pavement system according to claim 1 . The water retention pavement system according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein each water supply groove extends in the longitudinal direction after extending in the width direction from the upstream end. The water retention pavement system according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the plurality of water supply grooves are formed radially. The water- retaining pavement system according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , further comprising a water-permeable material having water permeability filled in the water supply groove.

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