JP4583002B2 - Crusher - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a pulverization apparatus that pulverizes and processes waste such as incinerated ash discharged from an incinerator, landfill soil, or contaminated soil.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, as shown in FIG. 26, when the main ash discharged from the incinerator 1 (incineration ash) is melted in the melting furnace 2, the following pretreatment process 3 is performed on the main ash. That is, the iron contained in the main ash discharged from the incinerator 1 is collected by the magnetic separator 4, and the main ash from which most of the iron is removed is passed through the sieve 5, and the main ash having a predetermined size or less is stored. The main ash exceeding a predetermined size is finely crushed and stored in the storage tank 6 after being stored in the tank 6. The main ash stored in the storage tank 6 is measured by the measuring device 7 and supplied to the melting furnace 2.
[0003]
For such preprocessing step 3, for example, the following Patent Document 1 is referred to.
[0004]
[Patent Document 1]
JP 2002-235915 A
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the above conventional format, iron can be selected from the main ash by the magnetic separator 4, but non-ferrous metals such as aluminum cannot be selected, and more complicated processing is required to select non-ferrous metals. become.
[0006]
Moreover, when the iron content contained in the main ash is wrapped in the clinker, the iron content wrapped in the clinker cannot be selected by the magnetic separator 4.
Therefore, the main ash charged into the sieve 5 from the magnetic separator 4 contains metals (iron and non-ferrous metal wrapped in the clinker), and the metals are recovered from the main ash and reused. However, there is a problem that it is difficult to sort the main ash into metals and non-metals using the sieve 5.
[0007]
In the present invention, after the waste (main ash, etc.) is pulverized by a pulverizer, the waste is separated into metals (iron, aluminum, etc.) and non-metals (nonmetals) using a sieving machine. An object of the present invention is to provide a pulverization apparatus that enables easy sorting.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
  In order to achieve the above object, the pulverizing apparatus in the first invention has a pulverizing surface.fixedCrushing table,Rolls and crushes waste made of incinerated ash containing incinerated metals and non-metals on the grinding surfaceRoller and above rollerTheA crusher provided with a swiveling device for turning around the axis of the crushing table, an input unit for introducing waste into the crushing surface, and a discharge unit for discharging waste crushed by the roller from the crushing surface. A pulverizing apparatus comprising:
Swivel device,A swiveling member that faces the grinding surface and is pivotable about the axis of the grinding tableAnd an external gear formed on the upper outer peripheral portion of the swivel member, a drive gear meshing with the external gear, and a drive device that rotationally drives the drive gear.,
A plurality of guide rollers that contact the outer peripheral surface of the swivel member to guide the swivel member from the periphery, and a plurality of receiving rollers that contact the lower surface of the outer peripheral portion of the swivel member and support the swivel member from below are provided. ,
the aboveThe roller is attached to a free end portion of a traction arm that is swingable up and down on the revolving member, and is pulled by the traction arm on both sides in the width direction with respect to the revolving direction of the revolving member.Roll on the grinding surface and swivel around the input part to flatten the metal in the waste and pulverize non-metals,
A sieving machine for sieving waste crushed by the pulverizer is provided downstream of the discharge part of the pulverizer,
The sieving machine has a sieve body that blocks the passage of flattened metals in the waste and allows the passage of crushed non-metals in the waste.Is.
[0009]
  According to this, by the swivel deviceRollerIt turns around the axis of the grinding table and the roller rolls on the grinding surface. In this state, the waste thrown into the grinding surface from the throwing portion is crushed by the rolling roller and then discharged from the discharge portion. When waste contains non-ferrous metals such as iron and aluminum, these metals are rolled without being crushed and flattened and flattened when crushed by a roller. Things are finely crushed to reduce the diameter. In addition, even when the metal contained in the waste is wrapped in the clinker, the clinker is finely crushed by the above roller to reduce the diameter, but the metal is rolled without being crushed and flattened and flattened. To do.
[0010]
In this way, only the metals in the waste are flattened and flattened, and at the same time, other than metals such as the clinker are finely crushed to reduce the diameter, the size of the metals in the waste The difference with the size of non-metals (non-metals) is increased, so that the waste discharged from the discharge part is sieved, so that the waste can be made into metals and non-metals. Can be easily sorted.
[0011]
  Since the pulverizer is of a type in which the waste is crushed by a rolling roller, low-speed pulverization is possible, there are few consumable parts, and running costs are reduced.
  Furthermore, since the roller rolls on the grinding surface while being pulled through the pulling arm, the resistance when the roller turns around the axis of the grinding table is reduced, and the force required to turn the turning member is small. I'll do it.
  In addition, the drive member rotates the drive gear so that the turning member turns in a predetermined direction. At this time, since the rotational driving force of the drive device acts on the outer peripheral surface of the turning member, the force required to turn the turning member can be reduced. Thereby, a drive device can be reduced in size and weight.
  Further, the pulverizing apparatus in the second invention is:Sieving machineA sieve body that has a large number of slits and is inclined, an input part that feeds waste crushed by a crusher into the upper end of the sieve body, and a lower part of the sieve body that passes through the slits One discharge part that discharges waste that has fallen on the other side, the other discharge part that discharges waste that has flowed down from the lower end of the sieve body without passing through the slit, and a clogging removal device that removes clogging of the slit And
The sieve body is composed of a plurality of sieve rods arranged in parallel at a predetermined interval in the width direction with the upstream end on the top and the downstream end on the bottom.
The clogging removal device has a rotating shaft and a cutting bolt that rotates around the rotating shaft and passes through the slit of the sieve body.
[0012]
According to this, the waste pulverized by the pulverizer is discharged from the discharge part of the pulverizer, and then is input from the input part of the sieving machine to the upper end of the sieve body. At this time, the metal contained in the waste is rolled without being pulverized, flattened, and flattened, so that it flows down from the lower end of the sieve body without passing through the slit and is discharged from the other discharge portion. The In addition, since metals other than metals contained in the waste are finely pulverized and reduced in diameter, they pass through the slit, fall below the sieve body, and are discharged from one discharge portion.
[0013]
As described above, since the difference between the size of the metal in the waste and the size of other than the metal is increased by the pulverizer, the waste is crushed by the pulverizer and then the sieving machine is used. Can be easily sorted into metals and non-metals.
[0014]
  Further, the pulverizing apparatus in the third invention is a pulverizer.the aboverollerButThe crushing roller for roughly crushing the waste introduced from the charging unit and the crushing roller for finely crushing the coarsely crushed waste are divided into crushing rollers. It is wider and heavier than the roller.
[0015]
According to this, the waste thrown into the crushing surface of the crushing table from the charging unit is crushed and coarsely crushed by the crushing roller, and then crushed by the crushing roller and further finely pulverized. Then, it is discharged from the discharge unit. As described above, since the waste can be simultaneously pulverized in two stages (that is, coarse pulverization and fine pulverization), smooth pulverization can be performed without difficulty.
[0018]
  In addition, this book4The pulverizing apparatus in the invention is:The turning member is provided with a scraper that sequentially moves the waste introduced from the input unit to the discharge unit.Is.
[0019]
According to this, the turning member is turned by the driving device, and the roller and the scraper are turned around the axis of the crushing table. Thereby, the waste thrown into the crusher from the throwing part is sequentially moved to the discharge part by the scraper while being crushed by the roller, and is discharged from the discharge part. This prevents the pulverized waste from gradually accumulating on the pulverized surface and reducing the pulverization efficiency. Therefore, the pulverizer is continuously operated by continuously charging and discharging the waste. Waste can be crushed.
[0020]
  In addition, this book5The pulverizing apparatus in the invention is provided with a plurality of scrapers,
These scrapers generate a feeding action for sending the waste to the discharge section and a returning action for returning the waste to the rolling track of the roller again.
[0021]
According to this, the waste once crushed by the roller is returned again to the rolling trajectory of the roller by the returning action of the scraper, and after being crushed again by the roller, it is sent to the discharge section by the feeding action of the scraper. Sent and discharged. Therefore, the metal in the waste is surely crushed by the roller, and other than the above metals are surely finely crushed.
[0022]
  In addition, this book6The pulverizing apparatus in the invention is:The pulling arm is provided on the turning member via the mounting pin, and can swing up and down around the mounting pin.
The mounting pin is located above the rotation axis of the roller and is located in front of the turning member in the turning direction.Is.
[0023]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. In addition, about the same thing as the conventional thing mentioned above, the same number is attached and description is abbreviate | omitted.
[0024]
As shown in FIG. 17, in the pretreatment step 3, a pulverization apparatus 30 is installed on the downstream side of the magnetic separator 4. The pulverization processing device 30 includes a pulverizer 31 for pulverizing main ash (an example of waste) from which most of the iron content has been collected by the magnetic separator 4 and a sieving machine for sieving the main ash pulverized by the pulverizer 31. 32.
[0025]
(1) First, the configuration of the pulverizer 31 will be described below with reference to FIGS.
That is, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the pulverizer 31 includes a pulverizing table 36 having a pulverizing surface 35, and a plurality of crushing and pulverizing units that roll on the pulverizing surface 35 to crush the main ash. Rollers 37a and 37b, a turning device 39 for turning these rollers 37a and 37b around a vertical axis 38 at the center of the crushing table 36, and a rectangular tube-shaped charging chute 40 for charging the main ash to the crushing surface 35. (An example of a charging unit) and a discharge port 41 (discharge unit) that discharges the main ash crushed by the rollers 37a and 37b from above the pulverizing surface 35.
[0026]
The crushing table 36 is formed in a circular mortar shape and is supported by the gantry 43. The grinding surface 35 is formed at the bottom of the grinding table 36. As shown in FIG. 6, the discharge port 41 is formed at one place on the peripheral edge of the grinding table 36.
[0027]
As shown in FIGS. 4, 5, and 7, the swivel device 39 includes a swiveling member 44 that is provided above the grinding surface 35 and that can swivel about the axis 38, and the swiveling member 44. An external gear 45 formed on the upper outer peripheral portion of the motor, a pinion gear 46 (an example of a drive gear) that meshes with the external gear 45, and an electric motor 47 (an example of a drive device) that rotationally drives the pinion gear 46. Has been.
[0028]
As shown in FIG. 7, the turning member 44 includes a ring frame 49 formed in an annular shape and a pair of mounting frames 50 installed inside the ring frame 49. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, a fixed frame body 51 is provided on the gantry 43, and the fixed frame body 51 has a plurality of receiving rollers that support the swivel member 44 so as to be pivotable from below. 52 and a plurality of guide rollers 53 for guiding the swivel member 44 from the periphery. The closing chute 40 and the electric motor 47 are provided on the top frame 54 of the fixed frame body 51.
[0029]
As shown in FIGS. 7 to 9, a plurality of (two in FIG. 7) rectangular frame-shaped roller mounts 55 are provided between the pair of mounting frames 50 of the turning member 44. A pair of inner vertical frames 56 and a pair of outer vertical frames 57 that are opposed to each other in the radial direction of the ring frame 49 are suspended from each of the roller mounts 55. A pair of inner traction arms 59 are attached to the pair of inner vertical frames 56 via horizontal attachment pins 58. Similarly, a pair of outer traction arms 60 are attached to the pair of outer vertical frames 57 via attachment pins 58 in the horizontal direction. Each of the pulling arms 59 and 60 is configured to be swingable up and down around the mounting pin 58.
[0030]
The crushing roller 37a coarsely crushes the main ash charged from the charging chute 40 onto the pulverizing surface 35, and rotates about the horizontal axis between the free end portions of the pair of inner traction arms 59. It is attached freely and rolls while being pulled in the turning direction A of the turning member 44 as shown in FIG.
[0031]
The fine crushing roller 37b further finely pulverizes the main ash coarsely crushed by the crushing roller 37a, and is arranged around the horizontal axis between the free ends of the pair of outer traction arms 60. 9 and is rotated while being pulled in the turning direction A of the turning member 44 as shown in FIG.
[0032]
As shown in FIGS. 6 to 8, both the crushing rollers 37 a are located closer to the shaft center 38 in the radial direction of the crushing table 36. Further, both the fine crushing rollers 37b are located outside the both crushing rollers 37a, and have a width B wider and heavier than the crushing rollers 37a.
[0033]
Further, as shown in FIGS. 6, 8, and 9, the revolving member 44 has a flat plate-like first to first structure that moves the main ash charged on the grinding surface 35 from the charging chute 40 to the discharge port 41. Five scrapers 64a to 64e are attached. That is, a horizontal frame 62 is provided between the lower ends of the vertical frames 56 and 57, and scraper mounting frames 63 are respectively suspended at both ends of the horizontal frames 62, and the lower ends of the scraper mounting frames 63. The first to fourth scrapers 64a to 64d are attached to the part. Among these, the first and fourth scrapers 64 a and 64 d are attached to the scraper mounting frame 63 of one horizontal frame 62, and the second and third scrapers 64 b and 64 c are the scraper mounting frame of the other horizontal frame 62. 63 is attached.
[0034]
As shown in FIG. 9, another vertical frame 65 is suspended from the roller mount 55 on the opposite side of the vertical frames 56 and 57 with the rollers 37 a and 37 b as the center. The horizontal frame 62 is similarly provided between the lower ends of these other vertical frames 65, and the fifth scraper 64 e is attached to a scraper mounting frame 63 suspended from the horizontal frame 62.
[0035]
Further, the second scraper 64b is formed in an L shape in plan view, and has a feed surface 64b1 for scraping the main ash to the outer peripheral side and a return surface 64b2 for scraping the main ash to the axial center 38 side. is doing.
[0036]
Each of the scrapers 64a to 64e is located above the grinding surface 35 with a certain gap. 6 indicate the relative flow directions of the main ash with respect to the scrapers 64a to 64e when the turning member 44 turns in the turning direction A. As shown in FIG.
[0037]
(2) Next, the configuration of the sieving machine 32 will be described below with reference to FIGS.
As shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, the sieving machine 32 is installed on the downstream side of the discharge port 41 (see FIG. 4) of the pulverizer 31, and includes a box-shaped main body container 81 and the main body container. 81, a sieve main body 83 that is disposed in an inclined manner and has a large number of slits 82, and an inlet chute 84 (for charging main ash discharged from the outlet 41 of the pulverizer 31 to the upper end of the sieve main body 83. An example of a charging unit), one discharge port chute 85 (an example of one discharge unit) that discharges the main ash that has passed through the slit 82 and dropped below the sieve body 83, and does not pass through the slit 82. The other discharge port chute 86 (an example of the other discharge part) for discharging the main ash that has flowed down from the lower end of the sieve body 83 and a clogging removal device 88 for removing clogging of the slit 82 are provided.
[0038]
As shown in FIGS. 12 to 14, the sieve body 83 includes a pair of side frames 91 opposed in the width direction, a plurality of sieve bars 92 arranged between the pair of side frames 91, and the side frames 91. It comprises a binding bolt 93 and a nut 94 that bind the sieve bar 92 together. A thin plate-like spacer (not shown) is sandwiched between the upper ends of the respective sieve bars 92, whereby each of the sieve bars 92 is arranged in the width direction with the upstream end facing up and the downstream end facing down. The slits 82 are arranged in parallel and have a predetermined interval (opening) S between the sieve bars 92.
[0039]
The sieve bar 92 is formed in an arc shape that draws a straight line or a gentle curve from the upper end to the lower end, and a square shape, a round shape, a tapered shape, or the like is adopted as the cross-sectional shape.
[0040]
As shown in FIG. 14, an annular portion 95 is provided below the upper end portion of each sieve bar 92, and a J-shaped engagement portion 96 that is curved downward is provided at the upper end of each sieve rod 92. ing. The binding bolt 93 is inserted from the width direction into the hole 95a of the annular portion 95 of each sieve rod 92 and the bolt hole (not shown) formed in the upper end portion of the side frame 91, as shown in FIG. As shown, the nut 94 is screwed into both ends of the bundling bolt 93 so that the side frame 91 and the sieve rod 92 are bound to form a sieve body 83.
[0041]
As shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, the upper surface of the upper end portion of the sieve body 83 is covered with a cover plate 98, and the inlet chute 84 is located above the cover plate 98. Further, the one outlet chute 85 is located below the sieve body 83, and the other outlet chute 86 is located below the lower end of the sieve body 83.
[0042]
As shown in FIGS. 12 to 14, the upper end portion of each sieve bar 92 is fixed and supported on the main body container 81 by the fixing means 100. The fixing means 100 includes an engaging bolt 101 and a nut 102, and a support plate 103 that supports the upper end of each sieve bar 92 from below. The engaging bolt 101 is inserted between the pair of side walls 104 of the main body container 81 and is attached between the side walls 104 by nuts 102 tightened at both ends. The engaging portions 96 of the respective sieve bars 92 are detachably engaged with the engaging bolts 101. The support plate 103 is attached to the inside of the main body container 81 and has a protrusion 105 protruding upward at the tip. In addition, the lower end part of each sieve rod 92 is not fixed and is maintained in a free state.
[0043]
Further, the lower ends of the pair of side frames 91 are respectively supported by coil springs 106. That is, the lower end of the coil spring 106 is connected to the lower end portion of the side frame 91, and the upper end of the coil spring 106 is connected to the lower ends of a pair of spring hanging bolts 108 inserted into the main body container 81. As shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, the upper ends of both spring suspension bolts 108 are inserted into the top plate 107 of the main body container 81 and attached by nuts 109. 108 is configured to move up and down by screw feed.
[0044]
Further, a flat flap 110 is attached obliquely downward between the lower ends of the pair of side frames 91. The flap 110 is inserted into the one outlet chute 85 from above, and the space below the lower end of the sieve body 83 is separated by the flap 110 from the one outlet chute 85 side and the other outlet chute 86 side. It is divided into.
[0045]
As shown in FIGS. 15 and 16, the clogging removal device 88 is provided horizontally between a pair of side walls 104 of the main body container 81 and is rotated by an electric motor 112, and is attached to the rotation shaft 113. A pair of arms 114, a rotating frame 115 provided between the free ends of both arms 114, and a plurality of cutting bolts 116 mounted in a row in a row on the rotating frame 115. Has been. Each cutting bolt 116 is inserted into the rotating frame 115 and is fixed by nuts 117 from both the inside and outside of the rotating frame 115. Each of the dimensioning bolts 116 coincides with the position of each slit 82 of the sieve body 83 and is configured to be detachable from above with respect to each slit 82.
[0046]
(3) The operation of the pulverizing apparatus 30 will be described below.
As shown in FIG. 17, the main ash discharged from the incinerator 1 is charged on the pulverizing surface 35 from the charging chute 40 of the pulverizer 31 after the iron content is collected by the magnetic separator 4 and pulverized.
[0047]
That is, as shown in FIGS. 4 to 7, when the pinion gear 46 is rotationally driven by the electric motor 47, the turning member 44 turns in a predetermined turning direction A around the shaft center 38, and is integrated with the turning member 44. The rollers 37a and 37b roll on the grinding surface 35, and the scrapers 64a to 64e rotate. As a result, the main ash charged from the charging chute 40 onto the pulverizing surface 35 is crushed and coarsely crushed by the crushing roller 37a, and then crushed by the pulverizing roller 37b and further finely pulverized. And then discharged from the discharge port 41. Thus, since the main ash can be simultaneously pulverized in two stages (that is, coarse pulverization and fine pulverization), smooth pulverization can be performed without difficulty.
[0048]
At this time, the main ash charged from the charging chute 40 onto the pulverizing surface 35 is first, as shown by the arrow A in FIG. 6, the shaft 38 (by the return surface 64b2 of the first scraper 64a or the second scraper 64b). Center) side, guided on the rolling track of the crushing roller 37a, and reliably crushed by the crushing roller 37a, and then the feed surface of the second scraper 64b as shown by the arrow b 64b1 is scraped off to the outer peripheral side, and is guided on the rolling trajectory of the pulverizing roller 37b by the third and fourth scrapers 64c and 64d as shown by arrows C, and is reliably crushed by the pulverizing roller 37b. Then, as shown by the arrow D, it is scraped off to the outer peripheral side by the fifth scraper 64e and pushed out to the discharge port 41. As a result, the main ash can be reliably crushed and discharged by the crushing roller 37a and the fine crushing roller 37b, and the pulverized main ash is gradually accumulated on the pulverizing surface 35, thereby improving the crushing efficiency. It is possible to prevent the deterioration. Therefore, the main ash can be continuously charged and discharged, and the pulverizer 31 can be continuously operated to pulverize the main ash.
[0049]
When the main ash contains non-ferrous metals such as iron and aluminum, these metals are rolled without being crushed and flattened and flattened when crushed by the rollers 37a and 37b. However, things other than metals are finely pulverized to reduce the diameter. Even when the metal contained in the main ash is wrapped in the clinker, the clinker is finely crushed by the rollers 37a and 37b to reduce the diameter, but the metal is rolled without being crushed and flattened. And flattened. Thereby, the difference of the magnitude | size of the metals in main ash and the magnitude | size of things other than metals increases.
[0050]
As shown in FIGS. 3 and 9, when the turning member 44 is turning, the rotational driving force of the electric motor 47 acts on the outer peripheral surface of the turning member 44, and each roller 37a, 37b. Rolls on the crushing surface 35 while being pulled through the pulling arms 59 and 60, so that the resistance when the rollers 37a and 37b roll around the axis 38 is reduced and the swiveling member 44 is swung. Less power is required. Thereby, the electric motor 47 can be reduced in size and weight.
[0051]
As described above, the main ash pulverized by the pulverizer 31 is discharged from the discharge port 41 of the pulverizer 31 as shown in FIG. 4, and then the inlet chute 84 of the sieving machine 32 as shown in FIG. To the upper surface of the upper end of the sieve body 83.
[0052]
The charged main ash slides down on the cover plate 98 and flows down along each sieve rod 92. At this time, since most of the metals contained in the main ash are flattened and flattened by the pulverizer 31 as described above, they do not pass through the slits 82 between the respective sieve rods 92, and the sieve body 83 It flows down (slides) down to the lower end portion of the gas and is discharged from the other outlet chute 86 and collected. Further, since most of the main ash other than the metals are finely pulverized by the pulverizer 31 and reduced in diameter, the ash passes through the slit 82 and falls below the sieve body 83, and has one outlet chute 85. And stored in the storage tank 6.
[0053]
Thus, after the main ash is pulverized by the pulverizer 31, the main ash can be easily sorted into metals and non-metals (non-metals) using the sieving machine 32.
For reference, an example of main ash processing data using the pulverization apparatus 30 is shown in the graph of FIG. This processing data is for the case where the number of turns of the turning member 44 of the crusher 31 is 8.4 rpm and the amount of main ash charged is about 1200 kg / h. RUN-1 is the slit of the sieving machine 32 82 shows a case where the width of 82 is set to 6 mm and the inclination angle α of the sieve body 83 is set to 40 °, and RUN-2 sets the width of the slit 82 to 9 mm and sets the inclination angle α to 30 °. Show the case.
[0054]
According to the graph of FIG. 18, when the main ash pulverized by the pulverizer 31 is sieved by the sieving machine 32, 90% or more of various metals contained in the main ash are sieved under the condition of RUN-1. It is discharged from the other outlet chute 86 of the machine 32 and can be recovered. However, about 21% of the main ash to be discharged from one outlet chute 85 (that is, other than the metals in the main ash and to be melted) is mixed with the metals and the other ash It will be discharged from the outlet chute 86. In addition, under the condition of RUN-2, about 50 to 70% of various metals contained in the main ash can be discharged from the other discharge chute 86 and collected. The main ash discharged from the other discharge chute 86 (that is, the one to be melted) is reduced to about 5%. Therefore, the separation efficiency of various metals contained in the main ash is improved when the width of the slit 82 is smaller and the inclination angle α is larger, but the ratio of the material that should be originally melted to the metal side increases. Tend. On the other hand, when the ratio of what should be melted is mixed into the metal side is reduced, the separation efficiency of various metals tends to decrease.
[0055]
Further, as shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, in the sieving machine 32, since each sieve bar 92 is arranged in the vertical direction, it is arranged in parallel to the flow direction of the main ash, and is thereby included in the main ash. Clogging of the sieve main body 83 due to a long object such as a wire to be prevented is prevented, and further, the long object is prevented from falling off to the one outlet chute 85 side. In addition, the long material that has been thrown in tends to turn sideways (that is, the direction crossing each sieve bar 92) when sliding down on the cover plate 98, thereby preventing the long article from being caught between the sieve bars 92. Can do.
[0056]
Further, since the upper end portion of each sieve bar 92 is fixed but the lower end portion is not fixed and is kept in a free state, each sieving bar is subjected to an impact when main ash flows down from the upper end portion of the sieve body 83. 92 becomes easy to vibrate, and clogging of the slit 82 is less likely to occur. Further, since the lower end portion of the sieve body 83 is supported by the coil spring 106, the vibration of each sieve bar 92 is more likely to occur.
[0057]
Further, when the nut 109 is turned to move the spring suspension bolt 108 up and down, the screen body 83 swings up and down around the engagement bolt 101, so that the screen body 83 according to the properties of the main ash and the like. The inclination angle α can be easily changed. Even when the inclination angle α of the sieve body 83 is changed as described above, the space below the lower end of the sieve body 83 is separated by the flap 110 from the one outlet chute 85 side and the other outlet chute 86 side. Therefore, the main ash that has passed through the slits 82 between the respective sieve rods 92 and dropped below the sieve body 83 is guided by the flap 110 and surely flows down to one outlet chute 85, It does not enter the other discharge chute 86.
[0058]
As shown in FIGS. 15 and 16, by rotating the rotating shaft 113 by driving the electric motor 112 of the clogging removing device 88, each cutting bolt 116 is attached to the rotating shaft 113 via the rotating frame 115. It rotates around and passes through each slit 82 at the bottom of the sieve body 83. Thereby, even if each slit 82 below the sieve main body 83 is clogged, the clogging is removed by the above-described dimension cutting bolts 116.
[0059]
Further, when the sieve main body 83 is mounted in the main body container 81, the engaging portion 96 is engaged with the engaging bolt 101 and the lower end portion of the side frame 91 is connected to the coil spring 106 as shown by the solid line in FIG. It can be installed easily. Further, when removing the sieve body 83, the lower end portion of the side frame 91 is removed from the coil spring 106, and as shown by the phantom lines in FIG. Easy to remove.
[0060]
In the first embodiment, in order to make each sieve bar 92 easy to vibrate, the lower end portion of each sieve bar 92 is kept in a free state without being fixed, but is further indicated by an imaginary line in FIG. As described above, the sieving bar 92 may be forcibly vibrated by providing the main body container 81 with a vibration device such as the vibration motor 121 and operating the vibration motor 121 to generate vibration. In this case, since the lower end portion of each sieve bar 92 is free as described above, the vibration effect by the vibration motor 121 is further promoted and the clogging prevention effect is increased.
[0061]
In the first embodiment, the crusher 31 is provided with the first to fifth scrapers 64a to 64e as shown in FIG. 6, but in the second embodiment to be described next, the crusher 31 is shown in FIG. As described above, the number of scrapers is increased so that the main ash charged on the pulverizing surface 35 passes twice per one pulverizing roller 37b. That is, the turning member 44 is provided with first to eighth scrapers 64a to 64h. Among these, the first, second, sixth to eighth scrapers 64a, 64b, 64f to 64h are the same as the first to fifth scrapers 64a to 64e of the first embodiment described above, and the third ˜Fifth scrapers 64c to 64e are added.
[0062]
Among these, the first, fourth, and seventh scrapers 64a, 64d, and 64g are provided on the horizontal frame 62 on the side of one of the rollers 37a and 37b via the scraper mounting frame 63, respectively. The sixth scrapers 64b, 64c, 64f are provided on the lateral frame 62 on the other roller 37a, 37b side via the scraper mounting frame 63, respectively. The fifth and eighth scrapers 64e and 64h are provided on the horizontal frame 62 on the side of one of the rollers 37a and 37b via the scraper mounting frame 63, respectively. It is distributed to the opposite side of 64g.
[0063]
According to this, the main ash charged on the grinding surface 35 from the charging chute 40 is firstly axially centered by the return surface 64b2 of the first scraper 64a or the second scraper 64b as shown by an arrow A in FIG. It is scraped to the (center) side, guided on the rolling track of the crushing roller 37a, and is surely crushed by the crushing roller 37a, and then fed by the second scraper 64b as shown by an arrow b. It is scraped off to the outer peripheral side by the surface 64b1, guided by the third and fourth scrapers 64c and 64d onto the rolling trajectory of the pulverizing roller 37b as shown by arrows C, and reliably pressed by the pulverizing roller 37b. It will be crushed. Further, the main ash is scraped to the outer peripheral side by the fifth scraper 64e as indicated by an arrow D, and then again pulverized by the sixth and seventh scrapers 64f and 64g as indicated by the arrow E. The roller 37b is returned to the rolling orbit (returning action), and is crushed again by the pulverizing roller 37b, and then scraped off to the outer peripheral side by the eighth scraper 64h as indicated by the arrow F to the discharge port 41. Extruded (feeding action).
[0064]
Therefore, since the main ash is crushed twice per one pulverizing roller 37b, the main ash is more reliably crushed, and thereby, the metals contained in the main ash are sufficiently rolled and flattened. be able to.
[0065]
In the first and second embodiments, as shown in FIG. 8, the pulverizer 31 is provided with two pairs of rollers composed of the crushing roller 37a and the crushing roller 37b. A set or a plurality of sets of three or more sets may be provided.
[0066]
In the first and second embodiments, the crusher 31 is provided with the crushing roller 37a and the fine crushing roller 37b. In the third embodiment described below, FIG. As shown in FIG. 2, a pair of dual-purpose rollers 37 that are used for both coarse crushing and fine crushing are provided. The pulverizer 31 is provided with first to fifth scrapers 64a to 64e similar to those in the first embodiment.
[0067]
According to this, the dual-purpose roller 37 rolls on the grinding surface 35 integrally with the turning member 44 that turns in the turning direction A, and the scrapers 64a to 64e turn. As a result, the main ash charged from the charging chute 40 onto the pulverizing surface 35 is crushed and crushed by the dual-purpose roller 37 and then discharged from the discharge port 41.
[0068]
At this time, the main ash charged from the charging chute 40 onto the pulverizing surface 35 is firstly axially centered by the return surface 64b2 of the first scraper 64a or the second scraper 64b as shown by an arrow A in FIG. (Center) is scraped off and guided onto the rolling track of the dual-purpose roller 37, and is surely crushed by the dual-purpose roller 37. Thereafter, as shown by the arrow B, the outer periphery is fed by the feed surface 64b1 of the second scraper 64b. Scraped to the side, returned to the rolling track of the dual-purpose roller 37 again by the third and fourth scrapers 64c and 64d (return action) as indicated by the arrow C, and crushed again by the dual-purpose roller 37, After that, as shown by the arrow D, it is scraped off to the outer peripheral side by the fifth scraper 64e and pushed out to the discharge port 41.
[0069]
Accordingly, since the main ash is crushed twice per single-purpose roller 37, it is coarsely pulverized at the first time and finely pulverized at the second time. Thereby, the metals contained in the main ash can be sufficiently rolled and flattened. In addition, since the dual-purpose roller 37 serves as both the coarse crushing roller 37a and the fine crushing roller 37b, the number of rollers can be reduced.
[0070]
In the third embodiment, as shown in FIG. 20, the pulverizer 31 is provided with two dual-purpose rollers 37, but one or a plurality of sets of three or more may be provided.
In the first to third embodiments, as shown in FIG. 4, the charging chute 40 is fixed to the top frame 54 of the fixed frame body 51, but the charging chute 40 is attached between both roller mounts 55. Then, the swivel member 44 may be swung together. In this case, since the charging chute 40 rotates integrally with the turning member 44, it is possible to prevent clogging in the charging chute 40, and the main ash flow is determined in one direction.
[0071]
In the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6, a charging chute 40 is provided on a vertical axis 38 passing through the center of the crushing table 36, and a discharge port 41 is provided at the peripheral portion of the crushing table 36. As shown in FIG. 22, a discharge port 41 is provided at the center of the crushing table 36 (that is, the portion of the shaft center 38) as a fourth embodiment to be described below. The charging chute 40 may be positioned on the part. In this case, both the fine crushing rollers 37b are arranged inside the shaft center 38, and both the crushing rollers 37a are arranged outside the both fine crushing rollers 37b. The turning member 44 is provided with first to fifth scrapers 70a to 70e. The charging chute 40 is attached to the outer end portion of the top frame 54.
[0072]
According to this, the turning member 44 turns in the predetermined turning direction A around the shaft center 38, and the rollers 37 a and 37 b roll on the grinding surface 35 integrally with the turning member 44 and the scrapers 70 a to 70 e By rotating, the main ash charged from the charging chute 40 onto the grinding surface 35 is crushed and coarsely crushed by the coarse crushing roller 37a, and then crushed by the fine crushing roller 37b. It is finely pulverized and then discharged from the discharge port 41.
[0073]
At this time, the main ash charged from the charging chute 40 onto the grinding surface 35 is first scraped by the first scraper 70a or the second scraper 70b as shown by the arrow A in FIG. 37a and is reliably crushed by both of the crushing rollers 37a, and thereafter guided by the third scraper 70c onto the rolling crush of the fine crushing roller 37b as indicated by the arrow b. It is surely crushed by the pulverizing roller 37b, and then scraped off by the fourth scraper 70d as indicated by an arrow C and guided onto the rolling track of the subsequent pulverizing roller 37b, and reliably Are crushed by the fine crushing roller 37b, scraped to the shaft center 38 side by the fifth scraper 70e and pushed out to the discharge port 41 as indicated by an arrow D.
[0074]
As a result, the main ash can be reliably crushed and discharged by the crushing roller 37a and the fine crushing roller 37b, and the pulverized main ash is gradually accumulated on the pulverizing surface 35, thereby improving the crushing efficiency. It is possible to prevent the deterioration. Therefore, the main ash can be continuously charged and discharged, and the pulverizer 31 can be continuously operated to pulverize the main ash.
[0075]
In the fourth embodiment, as shown in FIG. 22, the crushing roller 37a and the fine crushing roller 37b are individually provided, but the third embodiment shown in FIG. Similarly, it is also possible to provide a dual-purpose roller 37 that is used for both coarse crushing and fine crushing.
[0076]
In the first embodiment, the crushing table 36 is fixed, and the rollers 37a and 37b are turned around the axis 38 with respect to the crushing table 36. The fifth embodiment to be described next. As shown in FIGS. 23 to 25, the positions of the rollers 37 a and 37 b may be fixed, and the crushing table 36 may be rotated around the axis 38 with respect to the rollers 37 a and 37 b.
[0077]
That is, the crushing table 36 is supported from below by a plurality of receiving rollers 131 provided on the gantry 43, and is configured to be rotatable around an axis 38. Further, the gantry 43 includes a pinion gear 133 that meshes with an external gear 132 formed on the lower outer periphery of the crushing table 36, an electric motor 134 that rotationally drives the pinion gear 133, and a frame-shaped fixed frame body 135. Is provided. The external gear 132, the pinion gear 133, and the electric motor 134 constitute a turning device 130 that turns the grinding table 36.
[0078]
A pair of inner traction arms 137 and a pair of outer traction arms 138 are attached to the fixed frame body 135 via horizontal attachment pins 136. Each of the pulling arms 137 and 138 is configured to be swingable up and down around the mounting pin 136.
[0079]
The crushing roller 37a is rotatably mounted around the horizontal axis between the free ends of the pair of outer pulling arms 138, and rolls while being pulled in the turning direction A of the crushing table. Similarly, the pulverizing roller 37b is rotatably mounted around the horizontal axis between the free ends of the pair of inner traction arms 137, and as shown in FIG. Roll while being towed.
[0080]
In addition, a discharge port 41 is formed at the center of the crushing table 36 (that is, the portion of the shaft center 38), and a cylindrical discharge chute 145 is provided downward in the discharge port 41. The fixed frame body 135 is provided with a dustproof cover 139 that covers the top of the crushing table 36. A part 139 a of the dust cover 139 is formed with a charging port 140 (an example of a charging part) for charging the main ash onto the grinding surface 35.
[0081]
Further, the fixed frame body 135 is provided with first to fifth scrapers 141a to 141e for sequentially moving main ash charged on the grinding surface 35 of the grinding table 36 from the charging port 140 to the discharge port 41. .
[0082]
According to this, when the pinion gear 133 is rotationally driven by the electric motor 134, the crushing table 36 is turned in the turning direction A around the axis 38, and the rollers 37 a and 37 b roll on the crushing surface 35. The main ash charged on the pulverizing surface 35 from the charging port 140 is crushed and coarsely crushed by the crushing roller 37a, and further crushed and finely pulverized by the crushing roller 37b. Then, it is discharged downward from the discharge port 41 through the discharge chute 145.
[0083]
At this time, the main ash charged on the pulverizing surface 35 from the charging port 140 is first scraped off by the first and second scrapers 141a and 141b as shown by an arrow A in FIG. And is surely crushed by both of the coarse crushing rollers 37a, and then, as indicated by arrows b, the rolling trajectory of the fine crushing roller 37b by the third and fourth scrapers 141c and 141d. It is guided upward and is surely crushed by both pulverizing rollers 37b, and then scraped to the shaft center 38 side by the fifth scraper 141e and pushed out to the discharge port 41 as shown by the arrow C.
[0084]
As a result, the main ash can be reliably crushed and discharged by both the crushing rollers 37a and the both crushing rollers 37b, and the pulverized main ash is gradually accumulated on the crushing surface 35 and pulverized. It can prevent that efficiency falls. Therefore, the main ash can be continuously charged and discharged, and the pulverizer 31 can be continuously operated to pulverize the main ash.
[0085]
Moreover, in the said 5th Embodiment, as shown in FIG. 23, although the roller 37a for coarse crushing and the roller 37b for fine crushing are provided separately, with 3rd Embodiment shown in FIG. Similarly, it is also possible to provide a dual-purpose roller 37 that is used for both coarse crushing and fine crushing.
[0086]
Moreover, in the said 5th Embodiment, although the position of each roller 37a, 37b is fixed and the grinding | pulverization stand 36 is rotated around the shaft center 38 with respect to these rollers 37a, 37b, each roller 37a, 37b is rotated. And the crushing table 36 may be swung in the opposite direction around the axis 38.
[0087]
In each of the above embodiments, main ash (incineration ash) has been described as an example of waste, but landfill soil or contaminated soil may be used.
As a conventional pulverizer, for example, as disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 6-77831, there is a pulverizer to pulverize an object to be pulverized by a rotating pulverization blade and a fixed blade. Since the pulverized material is pulverized by striking with a pulverization blade and cutting with a fixed blade, there is no crushing action as in the pulverizer 31 of the present invention. Therefore, metals contained in waste such as main ash are not rolled. It is finely crushed without being flattened. As a result, the size of the metal in the waste after pulverization and the size of the non-metal are almost the same, so when pulverized waste is passed through a sieve, the waste other than metals and metals It was difficult to sort things.
[0088]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, when the metal contained in the waste is crushed by the roller, it is rolled without being crushed and flattened and flattened, but other than the metal is fine. The diameter is reduced by grinding. In addition, even when the metal contained in the waste is wrapped in the clinker, the clinker is finely crushed by the above roller to reduce the diameter, but the metal is rolled without being crushed and flattened and flattened. To do.
[0089]
In this way, only the metals in the waste are flattened and flattened without being pulverized, and at the same time, other than metals such as clinker (nonmetals) are finely pulverized to reduce the diameter. The difference between the size of metals in waste and the size of non-metals is increased, so that the waste discharged from the discharge part is sieved, so that the waste can be separated from metals and non-metals. It can be easily sorted into the ones.
[0090]
Since the pulverizer is of a type in which the waste is crushed by a rolling roller, low-speed pulverization is possible, there are few consumable parts, and running costs are reduced.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a front view of a pulverizer of a pulverization apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a side view of the pulverizer.
FIG. 3 is a partially cutaway plan view of the crusher.
FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the pulverizer.
FIG. 5 is a view taken along arrow XX in FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is a plan view of the crushing table of the crusher, with the arrangement of the scraper appended thereto.
FIG. 7 is a plan view of a turning member and a roller of the crusher.
FIG. 8 is a front sectional view of the turning member and the roller of the crusher.
9 is a view taken along arrow XX in FIG. 8. FIG.
FIG. 10 is a side sectional view of the sieving machine of the pulverization apparatus.
FIG. 11 is a plan view of the sieving machine.
FIG. 12 is a side view of the sieve body of the sieving machine.
FIG. 13 is a plan view of the sieving body of the sieving machine.
FIG. 14 is a view showing the configuration of the fixing means of the sieve body of the sieving machine.
FIG. 15 is a diagram of a clogging removing device of the sieving machine.
16 is a view taken along arrow XX in FIG.
FIG. 17 is a diagram showing a pretreatment process for incineration ash provided with a pulverization apparatus;
FIG. 18 is a graph showing the metal recovery capability of the pulverization apparatus.
FIG. 19 is a plan view of a crushing table of a crusher of a crushing processing apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention, and additionally shows the arrangement of scrapers.
FIG. 20 is a front cross-sectional view of a turning member and a roller of a pulverizer of a pulverization processing apparatus according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 21 is a plan view of a crushing table of the crusher, and additionally shows the arrangement of scrapers.
FIG. 22 is a plan view of a pulverizing table of a pulverizer of a pulverizing apparatus according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention, and additionally shows the arrangement of scrapers.
FIG. 23 is a plan view of a pulverizer of a pulverization processing apparatus according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 24 is a partially cutaway front view of the crusher.
FIG. 25 is a partially cutaway side view of the crusher.
FIG. 26 is a diagram showing a pretreatment process of conventional incineration ash.
[Explanation of symbols]
30 Crusher
31 Crusher
32 Screening machine
35 Grinding surface
36 Grinding table
37 Combined roller
37a Rolling roller
37b Rolling roller
38 axis
39 Swivel device
40 Input chute (input part)
41 Discharge port (discharge section)
44 Rotating member
45 External gear
46 Pinion gear (drive gear)
47 Electric motor (drive device)
59 Inner traction arm
60 Outer traction arm
64a-64h scraper
70a-70e scraper
82 slit
83 Sieve body
84 Input port chute (input part)
85 One outlet chute (one outlet)
86 The other discharge chute (the other discharge part)
92 Sieve bar
130 Swivel device
140 Input port (input unit)
141a-141d scraper
A Turning direction

Claims (6)

A fixed crushing table having a crushing surface, a roller for rolling and crushing waste made of incinerated ash containing incinerated metals and non-metals on the crushing surface, and crushing the roller to the crushing table A pulverizer equipped with a turning device for turning around the shaft center, a charging unit for charging waste into the pulverizing surface, and a discharging unit for discharging waste crushed by the roller from the pulverizing surface. A pulverizing apparatus,
The swivel device is provided facing the crushing surface and can swivel around the axis of the crushing table, an external gear formed on the upper outer peripheral portion of the swivel member, and meshed with the external gear It is composed of a drive gear and a drive device that rotationally drives the drive gear ,
A plurality of guide rollers that contact the outer peripheral surface of the swivel member to guide the swivel member from the periphery, and a plurality of receiving rollers that contact the lower surface of the outer peripheral portion of the swivel member and support the swivel member from below are provided. ,
The roller is attached to a free end portion of a traction arm that is provided on the swivel member so as to be swingable up and down , and rolls on the grinding surface while being pulled by the traction arm on both sides in the width direction with respect to the swivel direction of the swivel member. And swivels around the charging part to flatten and enlarge the metals in the waste, and pulverize non-metals,
A sieving machine for sieving waste crushed by the pulverizer is provided downstream of the discharge part of the pulverizer,
The sieving machine includes a sieving body that prevents passage of flattened metals in waste and allows passage of pulverized non-metals in waste. Processing equipment. The sieving machine has a large number of slits and a slantingly arranged sieve body, a charging unit for charging waste crushed by the crusher into the upper end of the sieving body, and passing through the slits. Remove one clogging part that discharges waste that has fallen below the sieve body, the other discharge part that discharges waste that has flowed down from the lower end of the sieve body without passing through the slit, and clogging of the slit. A clogging removal device,
The sieve body is composed of a plurality of sieve rods arranged in parallel at a predetermined interval in the width direction with the upstream end on the top and the downstream end on the bottom.
2. The pulverization apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the clogging removing device has a rotating shaft and a cutting bolt that rotates around the rotating shaft and passes through the slit of the sieve body. The roller of the pulverizer is divided into a crushing roller for coarsely crushing the waste charged from the input unit and a fine crushing roller for finely crushing the coarsely pulverized waste. 3. The pulverizing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the roller is wider and heavier than the coarse crushing roller. The pulverizing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a scraper is provided on the swivel member to sequentially move the waste charged from the charging unit to the discharging unit . There are multiple scrapers,
5. The pulverizing apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the scraper generates a feeding action for sending the waste to the discharge section and a returning action for returning the waste to the rolling track of the roller again . The pulling arm is provided on the turning member via the mounting pin, and can swing up and down around the mounting pin.
The pulverizing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the mounting pin is located above the rotational axis of the roller and is located in front of the turning member in the turning direction .

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