JP4564000B2 - コンパクトなctsフィードおよびmems位相シフタを備えた2次元電子走査アレイ - Google Patents
コンパクトなctsフィードおよびmems位相シフタを備えた2次元電子走査アレイ Download PDFInfo
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- JP4564000B2 JP4564000B2 JP2006508669A JP2006508669A JP4564000B2 JP 4564000 B2 JP4564000 B2 JP 4564000B2 JP 2006508669 A JP2006508669 A JP 2006508669A JP 2006508669 A JP2006508669 A JP 2006508669A JP 4564000 B2 JP4564000 B2 JP 4564000B2
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
- H01Q13/20—Non-resonant leaky-waveguide or transmission-line antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
- H01Q13/28—Non-resonant leaky-waveguide or transmission-line antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave comprising elements constituting electric discontinuities and spaced in direction of wave propagation, e.g. dielectric elements or conductive elements forming artificial dielectric
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
- H01Q3/30—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array
- H01Q3/34—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by electrical means
- H01Q3/36—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture varying the relative phase between the radiating elements of an array by electrical means with variable phase-shifters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
- H01Q13/08—Radiating ends of two-conductor microwave transmission lines, e.g. of coaxial lines, of microstrip lines
- H01Q13/085—Slot-line radiating ends
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
- H01Q21/0018—Space- fed arrays
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
- H01Q21/0037—Particular feeding systems linear waveguide fed arrays
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
- H01Q3/44—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the electric or magnetic characteristics of reflecting, refracting, or diffracting devices associated with the radiating element
- H01Q3/46—Active lenses or reflecting arrays
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- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
- Aerials With Secondary Devices (AREA)
- Waveguide Switches, Polarizers, And Phase Shifters (AREA)
- Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
- Apparatus For Radiation Diagnosis (AREA)
- Analysing Materials By The Use Of Radiation (AREA)
- Measurement Of Velocity Or Position Using Acoustic Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
Description
Claims (9)
- 連続トランスバーススタブ(以下CTSという)フィードアレイ(16)と、このCTSフィードアレイ(16)の入力部に配置された超小型電気機械システム(以下MEMSという)を備えたH平面で操縦可能なH平面位相シフタモジュール(17)とを具備している操縦可能な電子走査レンズアレイ(以下ESAという)アンテナにおいて、
広帯域の放射素子(14a、14b)がそれぞれ格子状に配列されている第1および第2のアレイと、これら第1および第2のアレイの対応する放射素子(14a、14b)の間にそれぞれ接続されているMEMSを備えたE平面位相シフタモジュール(18)のアレイとにより構成されている格子状に配列されたE平面で操縦可能なレンズアレイ(11)を具備し、
このE平面で操縦可能なレンズアレイ(11)の第1のアレイの放射素子(14a) は、近距離フィールドにおいて平面の波面を提供するCTSフィードアレイ(16)と対向して隣接して配置されており、
前記E平面位相シフタモジュール(18)はその位相設定に基づいてCTSフィードアレイ(16)から放射されたビームをE平面において操縦するように構成され、
前記H平面位相シフタモジュール(17)は、CTSフィードアレイ(16)中に入力された無線周波数信号をそのH平面位相シフタモジュール(17)の位相設定に基づいてシフトするように構成されており、
前記レンズアレイ(11)を構成する第1のアレイの放射素子(14a) と第2のアレイの対応する放射素子(14b) とその間に配置されている各E平面位相シフタモジュール(18)とは格子状のアレイの各行にそれぞれ対応する複数のグループに分割されて印刷回路板上に並列に配置されて複数の位相シフタ印刷回路板装置(118) を形成しており、
それら位相シフタ印刷回路板装置(118) の間に配置されてアンテナ(10)の支持構造を形成する複数のスペーサ(122) を具備し、
前記位相シフタ印刷回路板装置(118) と前記スペーサ(122) とは交互に積層されて前記広帯域の放射素子の間の格子間隔を規定しているESAアンテナ。 - MEMSを備えたE平面位相シフタモジュール(18)はそれぞれ、MEMSを備えたE平面で操縦可能なレンズアレイ(11)の放射素子(14a、14b)の第1および第2のアレイの第1および第2の放射素子のそれぞれに対応した1対の無線周波数ピン(134) を備えている請求項1記載のESAアンテナ(10)。
- MEMSを備えたE平面位相シフタモジュール(18)のアレイは、MEMSを備えたE平面位相シフタモジュール(18)の2以上の行および1以上の列を備えており、MEMSを備えたE平面位相シフタモジュール(18)はそれぞれ、各直流制御信号およびバイアスライン(144) に電気的に接続された複数の直流ピン(138) を備えており、MEMSを備えたE平面位相シフタモジュール(18)の2以上の行は、その列に沿った2以上のMEMSを備えたE平面位相シフタモジュール(18)が同じ位相設定を受取るように1つのグループとしてまとめて列のような方式で直流制御信号およびバイアスライン(144) を介して制御される請求項1または2記載のESAアンテナ(10)。
- MEMSよりなるE平面位相シフタモジュール(18)はそれぞれ、MEMSを備えたE平面で操縦可能なレンズアレイ(11)の放射素子(14a、14b)の第1および第2のアレイの第1および第2の放射素子のそれぞれに対応した1対の無線周波数ピン(134) と、各MEMSを備えたE平面位相シフタモジュール(18)を動作させる制御コマンドを受取るための複数の直流ピン(138) とを備えており、無線周波数ピン(134) および直流ピン(138) は、前記ハウジングがPCB(102、126)と比較的垂直に相互接続することができるように各MEMS位相シフタモジュール(18)のハウジングに関して垂直に方位付けられている請求項1乃至3のいずれか1項記載のESAアンテナ(10)。
- MEMSを備えたE平面で操縦可能なレンズアレイ(11)の広帯域の放射素子(14 a、14b)は、E平面走査が放射素子の行と平行に行われるように方位付けられている請求項1乃至4のいずれか1項記載のESAアンテナ(10)。
- 連続トランスバーススタブ(以下CTSという)フィードアレイ(16)と、このCTSフィードアレイ(16)の入力部に配置された超小型電気機械システム(以下MEMSという)を備えたH平面で操縦可能なH平面位相シフタモジュール(17)とを具備している操縦可能な電子走査レンズアレイ(以下ESAという)アンテナを使用して無線周波数エネルギを周波数走査する方法において、
前記ESAアンテナは、広帯域の放射素子(14a、14b)がそれぞれ格子状に配列されている第1および第2のアレイと、これら第1および第2のアレイの対応する放射素子(14a、14b)の間にそれぞれ接続されているMEMSを備えたE平面位相シフタモジュール(18)のアレイとにより構成されている格子状のE平面で操縦可能なレンズアレイ(11)を具備しており、レンズアレイ(11)の放射素子(14a) の第1のアレイは、近距離フィールドにおいて平面の波面を提供するCTSフィードアレイ(16)と対向して隣接して配置されており、
前記E平面位相シフタモジュール(18)はその位相設定に基づいてCTSフィードアレイ(16)から放射されたビームをE平面において操縦するように構成され、
前記H平面位相シフタモジュール(17)は、CTSフィードアレイ(16)中に入力された無線周波数信号をそのH平面位相シフタモジュール(17)の位相設定に基づいてシフトするように構成されており、
前記レンズアレイ(11)を構成する第1のアレイの放射素子(14a) と第2のアレイの対応する放射素子(14b) とその間に配置されている各E平面位相シフタモジュール(18)とは格子状のアレイの各行にそれぞれ対応する複数のグループに分割されて印刷回路板上に並列に配置されて複数の位相シフタ印刷回路板装置(118) を形成し、それらの印刷回路板装置(118) はスペーサ(122) と交互に積層されて放射素子の間の格子間隔を規定しており、
無線周波数エネルギをMEMSを備えたH平面位相シフタモジュール(17)のアレイ中に入力し、
無線周波数エネルギの位相をMEMSを備えたH平面位相シフタモジュール(17)の位相設定に基づいて調節し、
H平面において位相調節された無線周波数信号を複数のCTS放射素子(68)によって近距離フィールドにおいて平面波の形態で放射し、
H平面において位相調節された無線周波数平面波を、MEMSを備えたE平面位相シフタモジュール(18)のアレイを備えたレンズアレイ(11)の入力開口(54)中に放射し、
無線周波数平面波をディスクリートな無線周波数信号に変換し、
ディスクリートな無線周波数信号の位相を、MEMSを備えたE平面位相シフタモジュール(18)の位相設定に基づいて調節し、
H平面およびE平面において調節された無線周波数信号をE平面で操縦可能なレンズアレイ(11)の放射開口(58)を通って放射して無線周波数信号を再結合し、アンテナビームを形成するステップを含んでいる無線周波数エネルギの周波数走査方法。 - CTSフィードアレイ(16)中に入力された無線周波数信号の周波数を変化させ、それによってMEMSを備えたE平面で操縦可能なレンズアレイ(11)のE平面におけるアンテナビームの角度位置を変更させてアンテナビームによる周波数走査を行うステップをさらに含んでいる請求項6記載の方法。
- 無線周波数エネルギを入力するステップは、CTS放射素子(68)に直列にフィードするステップを含んでいる請求項6または7記載の方法。
- MEMSを備えたE平面位相シフタモジュール(18)のそれぞれにおける1以上のMEMS位相シフタスイッチのバイアスを調節することによりMEMSを備えたE平面位相シフタモジュール(18)のそれぞれに対する位相シフタ出力を調節するステップをさらに含んでいる請求項6乃至8のいずれか1項記載の方法。
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US10/373,941 US6677899B1 (en) | 2003-02-25 | 2003-02-25 | Low cost 2-D electronically scanned array with compact CTS feed and MEMS phase shifters |
PCT/US2004/003318 WO2005018048A1 (en) | 2003-02-25 | 2004-02-05 | 2-d electronically scanned array with compact cts feed and mems phase shifters |
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JP2006522561A JP2006522561A (ja) | 2006-09-28 |
JP4564000B2 true JP4564000B2 (ja) | 2010-10-20 |
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US (1) | US6677899B1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP1597797B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP4564000B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR20060016075A (ja) |
AT (1) | ATE463860T1 (ja) |
DE (1) | DE602004026417D1 (ja) |
DK (1) | DK1597797T3 (ja) |
ES (1) | ES2344109T3 (ja) |
NO (1) | NO336361B1 (ja) |
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2003
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NO336361B1 (no) | 2015-08-10 |
KR20060016075A (ko) | 2006-02-21 |
DK1597797T3 (da) | 2010-08-02 |
DE602004026417D1 (de) | 2010-05-20 |
EP1597797B1 (en) | 2010-04-07 |
NO20054147D0 (no) | 2005-09-06 |
WO2005018048A1 (en) | 2005-02-24 |
ES2344109T3 (es) | 2010-08-18 |
US6677899B1 (en) | 2004-01-13 |
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