JP4503045B2 - Storage and refrigerated storage - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a storage and a refrigerated storage that keeps the inside of the storage cold by a thermo module and stores the beverage in a cold state or stores the food at a low temperature.

  For example, as a storage container that cools or keeps the inside of a container that stores conventional food and drink with a thermo module, for example, a heat insulating container for storing the stored object at a predetermined temperature, and a thermo provided on the rear wall of the heat insulating container Module, inner box for heat absorption formed of aluminum metal attached to the inner surface of the thermo module (heat absorption side heat exchange surface), and the outer surface of the thermo module (heat dissipation side heat exchange) And a heat sink for heat dissipation attached to the surface portion. Then, the rear wall of the heat insulating container is moved so that the heat inside the box is moved to the outside surface by the thermo module through the inner box for absorbing heat, and the moved heat is released outside the box via the heat sink for heat dissipation. A cover having an air inlet and an air outlet is attached to the outside of the air passage to form a ventilation path (outside chamber).

  As such a storage, for example, Patent Document 1 uses one thermo module, and in order to secure a cooling capacity corresponding to the amount of heat leakage from the inside to the outside of the warehouse, the thermo module has a maximum rated voltage. A close voltage is applied. The inside of the cabinet is cooled and adjusted to a target temperature by utilizing the characteristics that the heat absorption performance increases as the voltage applied to the thermo module increases. Also, if the temperature difference between the heat absorption side heat exchange surface and the heat dissipation side heat exchange surface is small, the input to the control board that drives the thermo module increases, so the control board reliability can be increased by increasing the power supply capacity of the control board. Have gained. The blower is disposed at the upper part of the external chamber, sucks heat radiation air from the bottom of the external chamber, takes heat of the heat sink heated by the thermo module, and exhausts it to the rear of the storage.

JP 2006-336906 A

  Since the conventional storage is configured as described above, in a storage having a storage capacity of about 30L to 60L, the storage temperature is set to a set temperature of 5 ° C in the ambient environment in the summer where the ambient temperature is about 30 ° C. In order to maintain the temperature, it is necessary to apply the maximum voltage allowed in terms of reliability to the driving voltage of the thermo module to ensure the maximum heat absorption capability of the thermo module. On the other hand, even if it is possible to ensure sufficient heat absorption performance and maintain the internal temperature, the energy efficiency of the thermo module deteriorates, so there is a problem that the power consumption of the storage increases. .

  Also, when controlling multiple thermo modules, if the temperature difference between the heat absorption side heat exchange surface and the heat dissipation side heat exchange surface is small immediately after the start of operation, the power consumption of the thermo module will temporarily increase, so control There are problems such as an increase in the power supply capacity of the substrate, an increase in the complexity of the control circuit to prevent adverse effects such as harmonics, and an increase in the price of the control substrate. Furthermore, in order to improve the heat absorption performance, it is necessary to increase the heat dissipation amount by increasing the rotational speed of the blower, and to lower the heat dissipation temperature of the heat sink. There was a problem that vibration noise transmitted to the housing increased.

  This invention was made in order to solve the above problems, and while maintaining the cooling capacity to keep the internal temperature at the set temperature, it improved energy efficiency and kept power consumption and power consumption low. An object is to provide a storage and a refrigerated storage.

The storage according to the present invention includes a heat insulating container for storing stored items at a predetermined temperature, a temperature sensor for detecting a temperature in the heat insulating container, a heat insulating container, a Peltier element, a heat absorption side heat exchange surface portion, and a heat radiation side. A plurality of thermo modules having a heat exchanging surface portion and holding the inside of the heat insulation container at a predetermined temperature, and monitoring whether the detection result of the temperature sensor or the power input from the external power source is within a specified value based on the results, the power is controlled to within a specified value by the control information of the application voltage is supplied to the thermo-module and a control board for controlling the temperature in the heat insulating container, a control board in advance and the temperature of the heat insulating container When the temperature difference from the set temperature is 0.5 ° C to 1 ° C or more, the applied voltage to the thermo module is set to the maximum voltage and the applied voltage is reduced so that the monitoring result does not fall outside the specified value. Control When the temperature difference between the temperature in the insulated container and the preset temperature is within 0.5 ° C. to 1 ° C., the voltage applied to the thermo module is determined based on the temperature difference, and the temperature in the insulated container When the preset temperature set in advance is approximately the same and is stable, the voltage applied to the thermo module is set to the minimum voltage of about 0.5 to 2.0V .

According to the present invention, the control board controls the power supplied to the specified value thermo module, since it is configured to control the power input to the specified value, to improve energy efficiency, multiple With this thermo module, the heat absorption capacity can be sufficiently obtained and the interior can be cooled to a set temperature, and the power consumption and power consumption of the storage can be reduced. Furthermore, by suppressing the power supply capacity, it is possible to simplify an electric circuit that suppresses the generation of electrical noise such as harmonics, thereby realizing a low price of the storage.

Embodiment 1 FIG.
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a configuration of a storage according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. 2 is a sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line BB in FIG.
The configuration of the storage will be described with reference to FIGS. The first embodiment shows a refrigerated storage that uses a plurality of thermo modules 10 as a storage and maintains the internal temperature at about 3 to 7 ° C. The heat insulating container 1 includes an inner box 2, an outer box 3, and a heat insulating material 4 injected so as to be interposed between the inner box 2 and the outer box 3. The inner box 2 is formed of an aluminum metal plate having good thermal conductivity. Moreover, the opening part is provided in the front part of the heat insulation container 1, and the opening / closing door 5 is provided in the said opening part. Further, a temperature sensor (not shown) for detecting the temperature in the heat insulating container 1 is provided. The capacity of the insulated container is about 40L. The capacity | capacitance of a heat insulation container can be changed suitably.

  The thermo module 10 includes a Peltier element 10a, a heat absorption side heat exchange surface portion 10b, and a heat radiation side heat exchange surface portion 10c. On the rear wall of the heat insulating container 1, a storage hole having substantially the same size as the thermo module 10 is formed through the outer box 3 and the heat insulating material 4, leaving the metal plate forming the inner box 2, and the thermo hole is formed in the storage hole. A module 10 is provided. Also, an aluminum alloy heat transfer block 11 having good thermal conductivity is interposed between the thermo module 10 and the inner box 2, and the heat transfer block 11 is joined to the inner box 2 in a state of being thermally conducted by screwing. is doing. Further, the heat absorption side heat exchange surface portion 10 b of the thermo module 10 and the inner box 2 are joined via the heat transfer block 11 so that heat can be transferred. The heat transfer block 11 is fixed integrally with the thermo module 10 by resin. Further, as shown in FIG. 3, two thermo modules 10 are arranged on the left and right.

  The heat sink 12 is joined to the heat radiation side heat exchange surface portion 10c of the thermo module 10 in a heat conductive manner. The heat sink 12 has a large number of aluminum fins 12a arranged in the vertical direction, and has a function of circulating air in the vertical direction from the lower side to the upper side to exchange heat. The air path forming plate 13 is disposed on the back surface of the heat insulating container 1 so as to cover the heat sink 12, and the back cover 14 covers the entire back surface of the air path forming plate 13 and the heat insulating container 1, and outside the rear wall of the heat insulating container 1. Forming a chamber. In addition, an axial blower 20 is screwed below the heat sink 12 in an inclined direction.

  The control board 31 is housed in an electrical component box 32 made of metal, and is disposed at the lower part of the axial blower 20 and the upper part of the intake hole 15. The control board 31 includes an input circuit 31a for inputting alternating current from a commercial power source, a direct current power supply circuit 31b for supplying direct current power to the thermo module 10, the axial blower 20, and the control circuit 31c, and a warehouse detected by a temperature sensor. A control circuit 31c that determines the voltage applied to the thermomodule 10 according to the internal temperature and a power limiting circuit 31d that monitors the power input to the input circuit 31a are provided, details of which will be described later.

  The intake port 15 is provided so as to be located below the back cover 14 and below the electrical component box 32 and to be located in substantially the same plane as the bottom surface of the heat insulating container 1. The exhaust port 16 is provided with a lattice 17 by forming a step on the rear upper part of the rear cover 14 and the upper part of the heat sink 12 on the left side of the rear cover 14 in FIG.

  Next, the operation of the storage will be described with reference to FIG. When the operation of the storage is started, DC power is supplied to the thermo module 10, and the heat absorption operation is performed at the heat absorption side heat exchange surface portion 10b of the thermo module 10, and the axial blower 20 is operated, and the arrow in the figure As shown, the air flow 90 passes through the filter 30, is sucked from the air inlet 15, circulates through the aluminum fins 12 a of the heat sink 12 inside the air passage forming plate 13 via the axial blower 20, and the ceiling It is guided to the grid 17 from the exhaust port 16 on the lower back surface of the wall 18 and discharged. Thereby, in the heat insulation container 1, the inner box 2 of the heat insulation container 1 is cooled via the heat transfer block 11, and the inside of the heat insulation container 1 is controlled to predetermined temperature. Further, in the heat radiation side heat exchange surface portion 10c of the thermo module 10, heat radiation is performed between the heat flowing through the air passage forming plate 13 via the heat sink 12, and the amount of heat absorbed in the heat insulating container 1 is converted into air. Heat is dissipated.

Next, details of the control board 31 will be described.
FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the control board of the storage according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. The control board 31 includes an input circuit 31a, a DC power supply circuit 31b, a control circuit 31c, and a power limiting circuit 31d.
When AC power is input from the commercial power source A, which is an external device, the input circuit 31a outputs the AC power to the DC power circuit 31b. The DC power supply circuit 31b supplies DC power to the axial flow fan 20 and the control circuit 31c, and also supplies DC power to the thermomodule based on the control information of the voltage applied to the thermomodule input from the control circuit 31c or the power limiting circuit 31d. 10 is output. The control circuit 31 c calculates an applied voltage to the thermo module 10 based on the temperature information signal input from the temperature sensor B. The power limiting circuit 31d constantly monitors the AC power input to the input circuit 31a, and determines whether or not the input power is greater than or equal to a preset specified value. And the control information which reduces the applied voltage to the thermomodule 10 is output so that it may not become a regulation value or more.

Next, the operation of the control board 31 will be described.
FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing the operation of the control board of the storage according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
First, when the storage is energized, AC power is input from the commercial power source A, which is an external device, to the input circuit 31a (step ST1), and the input power is output to the DC power circuit 31b (step ST2). The DC power supply circuit 31b outputs the power input in step ST2 as DC power to the axial fan 20 and the control circuit 31c (step ST3). In step ST3, the control circuit 31c activated by the input of DC power determines whether or not the internal temperature is higher by 1 ° C. or more than the set temperature based on the temperature information signal input from the temperature sensor B (step ST4). .

  When it is determined in step ST4 that the internal temperature is higher by 1 ° C. or more than the set temperature, the control circuit 31c receives control information having an instruction to apply the maximum voltage to the thermomodule 10 as the DC power supply circuit 31b and the power limiting circuit. It outputs to 31d (step ST5). The DC power supply circuit 31b supplies DC power to the thermomodule 10 based on the control information for applying the maximum voltage input in step ST5 (step ST6). In addition, when the control information for applying the maximum voltage is input to the power limiting circuit 31d in step ST5, the AC power input to the input circuit 31a is defined based on the monitoring result of the AC power input to the input circuit 31a. It is determined whether or not it is equal to or less than the value (step ST7).

  If it is determined in step ST7 that the input AC power is less than or equal to the specified value, the power limit circuit 31d does not output control information, and the DC power supply circuit 31b continues to apply the maximum voltage (step S7). ST8). Thereafter, the sequence returns to step ST4 and repeats the above-described processing. On the other hand, if it is determined in step ST7 that the input power is greater than or equal to the specified value, the power limiting circuit 31d sends control information for reducing the maximum applied voltage input in step ST5 to the DC power supply circuit 31b. Output (step ST9). The DC power supply circuit 31b preferentially applies the control information input from the power limiting circuit 31d in step ST9 and supplies the reduced DC power to the thermo module 10 (step ST10). Thereafter, the sequence returns to step ST4 and repeats the above-described processing.

  If it is determined in step ST4 that the internal temperature is not higher than the set temperature by 1 ° C or more, it is further determined whether or not the internal temperature is 1 ° C or more lower than the set temperature (step ST11). In Step ST11, when it is determined that the internal temperature is lower by 1 ° C. or more than the set temperature, the control circuit 31c receives control information having an instruction to apply the minimum voltage to the thermo module 10 as the DC power supply circuit 31b and the power limit. The signal is output to the circuit 31d (step ST12). The DC power supply circuit 31b outputs DC power to the thermo module 10 based on the control information for applying the minimum voltage input in step ST12 (step ST13). Thereafter, the sequence returns to step ST4 and repeats the above-described processing.

  On the other hand, when it is determined in step ST11 that the internal temperature is not lower than the set temperature by 1 ° C. or more, the control circuit 31c calculates the applied voltage to the thermo module 10 in proportion to the internal temperature, and calculates The result is output as control information to the DC power supply circuit 31b and the power limiting circuit 31d (step ST14). The DC power supply circuit 31b outputs DC power to the thermo module 10 based on the control information input in step ST14 (step ST15). Thereafter, the sequence returns to step ST4 and repeats the above-described processing. Note that the power supplied to the thermomodule in step ST13 and step ST15 is also monitored in such a manner that the AC power is less than or equal to the specified value, as in steps ST7, ST9 and ST10. Restrict supply.

  FIG. 6 is a graph showing a method of controlling the voltage applied to the thermomodule according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. The horizontal axis of the graph indicates the internal temperature, and the vertical axis indicates the applied voltage per thermo module. When the internal temperature is higher by 1 ° C. or more than the preset temperature, a preset maximum voltage is applied. In the first embodiment, for example, the maximum voltage is set to 7.5 V in a thermo module having a maximum rated voltage of 15 V. When the inside temperature is 1 ° C. or more lower than the set temperature, the lowest voltage of about 1 V is applied. In FIG. 6, the minimum applied voltage is set to about 1V, but the same control can be performed by setting it to about 0.5 to 2.0V. In a temperature range within ± 1 ° C. with respect to the set temperature, which is sandwiched between sections where the maximum voltage and the minimum voltage are applied, the applied voltage is controlled to decrease in proportion to the decrease in the internal temperature.

  FIG. 7 is a graph showing the relationship between the voltage applied to the thermomodule according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, the heat absorption performance, and the energy efficiency. The horizontal axis of the graph represents the applied voltage per thermo module 10, and the vertical axis represents energy efficiency and heat absorption. In addition, in FIG. 7, since the applied voltage, energy efficiency, and heat absorption amount to the thermo module 10 change depending on the temperature difference Δt between the heat absorption side heat exchange surface portion 10b and the heat radiation side heat exchange surface portion 10c. An example of the ambient temperature environment used is shown.

  In FIG. 7, the endothermic amount increases as the applied voltage increases, but the energy efficiency shows the maximum value at the applied voltage of about 8 V, and thereafter decreases as the applied voltage increases. Therefore, compared to the case where one thermo module 10 is used at the upper rated voltage, for example, 15 V, the case where two thermo modules 10 are used in a region where the energy efficiency is maximum (about 8 V in FIG. 7). In this case, the increase in power consumption can be minimized or the power consumption can be reduced while increasing or equalizing the heat absorption.

  As shown in the example in FIG. 7 where the applied voltage is about 8V and the energy efficiency shows the maximum value, the maximum applied voltage is set to 45% to 75% with respect to the maximum rated voltage per thermo module, or the maximum By setting the applied voltage to 7.0 to 9.0 V, the energy efficiency can be improved in the same manner, and the use of a plurality of thermo modules 10 can secure the heat absorption amount and improve the power consumption.

  FIG. 8 is a graph showing the relationship between the power consumption of the storage and the temperature difference between absorbing and radiating heat according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. When the storage is operated, energization is started and the internal temperature is gradually cooled from a state close to room temperature, and the temperature of the heat absorption side heat exchange surface portion 10b is lowered, while the temperature of the heat dissipation side heat exchange surface portion 10c is increased due to heat generation. To rise. The horizontal axis of the graph indicates the temperature difference between the heat absorption side heat exchange surface portion 10b and the heat dissipation side heat exchange surface portion 10c, and the vertical axis indicates the input power to the input circuit 31a of the control board 31.

  When the maximum applied voltage is applied to the thermo module 10 due to the start of energization of the storage, the temperature difference between the heat absorption side heat exchange surface portion 10b and the heat dissipation side heat exchange surface portion 10c is small, so temporarily to the input circuit 31a of the control board 31 Input power increases. On the other hand, as the cooling in the heat insulating container 1 proceeds and the temperature difference between the heat absorption side heat exchange surface portion 10b and the heat radiation side heat exchange surface portion 10c gradually increases, the amount of heat absorption decreases and the input to the input circuit 31a of the control board 31 occurs. The power drops to a certain value. In the first embodiment, the control board 31 is provided with a power limiting circuit 31b so as to limit an increase in input power to the control board 31 immediately after the energization of the storage is started. In FIG. 8, the upper limit of the specified value of the input power to the control board 31 is set to 68W. By setting the upper limit value of the input power to 60 W to 74 W, the power capacity can be reduced.

  As described above, according to the first embodiment, even when the internal temperature is higher than the set temperature by 1 ° C. or more and the maximum voltage is applied to the plurality of thermo modules, the thermo modules are supplied. Since it is configured to provide a control board that controls the power and the power input to the input circuit to be within the specified value, even when multiple thermo modules are used, a sufficient amount of heat absorption can be secured Can be cooled, power consumption and power consumption can be reduced, and energy efficiency is improved.

  Furthermore, according to this Embodiment 1, since it has comprised so that the upper limit of the power consumption in several thermomodules, an axial blower, and a control board may be set, the heat absorption side heat exchange surface part and the heat radiation side heat exchange Even when the temperature difference of the surface is small, the power supply capacity can be kept low, and simplification of the electric circuit for suppressing the generation of electrical noise such as harmonics can be realized. Low price can be realized.

  In the first embodiment, a heat transfer block is provided between the heat insulating container and the thermo module, and the heat absorption side heat exchange surface portion of the thermo module is arranged to be able to transfer heat to the inner box via the heat transfer block. Although the example comprised in this way was shown, you may comprise so that the heat absorption side heat exchange surface part of a thermo module may be directly arrange | positioned with an inner case so that heat transfer is possible.

  In the first embodiment, an example is shown in which the storage capacity is 40L and two thermo modules are provided. However, the thermo module is adapted to the design matters of the storage such as storage capacity and cooling efficiency. The number to be provided can be changed. Two to four thermomodules with good cooling efficiency can be obtained for the range of storage capacity 30L to 60L, especially when the storage capacity is in the range of 35L to 45L. Those provided with two provide a good cooling efficiency. In the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6 and the like, the applied voltage is adjusted within a range of about ± 1 ° C. with respect to the set temperature in the cabinet, but within about ± 0.5 ° C. It may be a storage for controlling the applied voltage.

It is a perspective view of the storage which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is the sectional view on the AA line in FIG. It is the BB sectional view taken on the line in FIG. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the control board of the storage which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows operation | movement of the control board of the storage | warehouse | chamber which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a graph which shows the control method of the applied voltage to the thermomodule of the storage which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a graph which shows the relationship between the applied voltage to the thermomodule of the storage | warehouse | chamber which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention, heat absorption performance, and energy efficiency. It is a graph which shows the relationship between the power consumption of the storage which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention, and an absorption-and-radiation temperature difference.

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Heat insulation container, 2 Inner box, 3 Outer box, 4 Heat insulation material, 5 Opening / closing door, 10 Thermo module, 10a Peltier element, 10b Heat absorption side heat exchange surface part, 10c Heat radiation side heat exchange surface part, 11 Heat transfer block, 12 Heat sink, 12a Aluminum fin, 13 Air path forming plate, 14 Back cover, 15 Inlet, 16 Exhaust, 17 Grid, 18 Ceiling wall, 20 Axial blower, 30 Filter, 31 Control board, 31a Input circuit, 31b DC power supply circuit, 31c control circuit, 31d power limiting circuit, 32 electrical box, 90 air flow.

Claims (9)

An insulated container for storing stored items at a predetermined temperature;
A temperature sensor for detecting the temperature in the insulated container;
A plurality of thermomodules disposed in the heat insulation container, having a Peltier element, a heat absorption side heat exchange surface part, and a heat radiation side heat exchange surface part, and maintaining the inside of the heat insulation container at a predetermined temperature;
Based on the detection result of the temperature sensor or the monitoring result of whether or not the electric power input from the external power source is within the specified value, the power controlled within the specified value by the control information of the applied voltage is supplied to the thermo module. A control board for supplying and controlling the temperature in the heat insulating container,
The control board is
When the temperature difference between the temperature in the heat insulating container and a preset temperature is 0.5 ° C. to 1 ° C. or more, the applied voltage to the thermo module is set to the maximum voltage, and the monitoring result is outside the specified value. Control to reduce the applied voltage so as not to become
When the temperature difference between the temperature in the heat insulation container and a preset temperature is within 0.5 ° C. to 1 ° C., the voltage applied to the thermo module is determined based on the temperature difference,
When the temperature in the heat insulating container and a preset temperature set in advance are substantially the same and stable, the voltage applied to the thermo module is set to a minimum voltage of about 0.5 to 2.0 V. And the storage.   The control board sets the maximum specified value of power supplied to the thermo module to 45% to 75% of the maximum rated voltage per thermo module, and the maximum specified value of power input from an external device. The storage according to claim 1, wherein the storage capacity is less than 75 W. An insulated container for storing stored items at a predetermined temperature;
A temperature sensor for detecting the temperature in the insulated container;
A plurality of thermomodules disposed in the heat insulation container, having a Peltier element, a heat absorption side heat exchange surface part, and a heat radiation side heat exchange surface part, and maintaining the inside of the heat insulation container at a predetermined temperature;
A control board for controlling the temperature in the heat insulation container by making full use of the thermo module based on the detection result of the temperature sensor;
The control board is
The power supplied to the thermo module is controlled within a specified value, and the power input from the external device is controlled within a specified value.
The maximum specified value of power supplied to the thermo module is set to 45% to 75% of the maximum rated voltage per thermo module, and the maximum specified value of power input from an external device is 75 W. save warehouse shall be the feature to be less than. When the maximum rated voltage per thermo module is 15 V, the control board sets the maximum value of the specified power supplied to the thermo module to 7.0 V to 9.0 V and is input from an external device. 4. The storage according to claim 2 or 3 , wherein the maximum value of the prescribed value of power is 60W to 74W. The storage of any one of claims 1 to 4 , wherein the capacity of the heat insulating container is 30L to 60L. The capacity of the heat insulating container is 35L to 45L, and two thermo modules are arranged, The storage according to any one of claims 1 to 5 . The heat insulating container has an inner box formed of a metal member,
The storage according to any one of claims 1 to 6 , wherein the heat absorption side heat exchange surface portion of the thermo module is directly arranged to be able to transfer heat to the inner box. The heat insulating container has an inner box formed of a metal member,
A heat transfer block is provided between the heat insulating container and the thermo module,
Set forth in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the heat-absorbing heat exchanger surface of the thermo-module is the inner box and the heat transfer can be arranged through the heat transfer block Storage for The set temperature in a heat insulation container shall be the range of 3 to 7 degreeC, The storage room for refrigeration in any one of Claims 1-8 characterized by the above-mentioned.

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