JP4481819B2 - ジアシルグリセロールアシルトランスフェラーゼ核酸配列および関連生成物 - Google Patents
ジアシルグリセロールアシルトランスフェラーゼ核酸配列および関連生成物 Download PDFInfo
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Description
配列番号1 モルティエレラ・ラマニアナDGAT2AのDNA配列
配列番号2 モルティエレラ・ラマニアナDGAT2Aのポリペプチド配列
配列番号3 モルティエレラ・ラマニアナDGAT2BのDNA配列
配列番号4 モルティエレラ・ラマニアナDGAT2Bのポリペプチド配列
配列番号5 サッカロミセス・セレビシエDGAT2BのDNA配列
配列番号6 サッカロミセス・セレビシエDGAT2Bのポリペプチド配列
配列番号7 NcDGAT2のDNAプライマー
配列番号8 NcDGAT2のDNAプライマー
配列番号9 NcDGAT2のDNAプライマー
配列番号10 NcDGAT2のDNAプライマー
配列番号11 モルティエレラ・ラマニアナDAGT2B.nnoのDNA配列
配列番号12 アカパンカビDGAT.nnoのDNA配列
配列番号13 アカパンカビDGAT2のDNA配列
配列番号14 アカパンカビDGAT2のポリペプチド配列
配列番号15 モルティエレラ・ラマニアナDGAT2A.nnoのDNA配列
配列番号16 サッカロミセス・セレビシエDGAT2.nnoのDNA配列
配列番号17 ホルディウム・ブルガレ(Hordeum vulgare)DGAT2のDNA配列
配列番号18 ホルディウム・ブルガレDGAT2のポリペプチド配列
配列番号19 ズィー・メイス(Zea mays)DGAT2のDNA配列
配列番号20 ズィー・メイスDGAT2のポリペプチド配列
配列番号21 グリシン・マックス(Glycine max)DGAT2のDNA配列
配列番号22 グリシン・マックスDGAT2のポリペプチド配列
配列番号23 トリチカム・アエスチバム(Triticum aestivum)DGAT2のDNA配列
配列番号24 トリチカム・アエスチバムDGAT2のポリペプチド配列
配列番号25 キイロショウジョウバエDGATのDNA配列
配列番号26 キイロショウジョウバエDGATのポリペプチド配列
配列番号27 ホモ・サピエンスDGATのDNA配列
配列番号28 ホモ・サピエンスDGATのポリペプチド配列
配列番号29 シゾサッカロミセス・ポンベ1 DGAT2のポリペプチド配列
配列番号30 シゾサッカロミセス・ポンベ2 DGAT2のポリペプチド配列
配列番号31 カンジダ・アルビカンスDGAT2のポリペプチド配列
配列番号32 シロイヌナズナDGAT2のポリペプチド配列
図面の簡単な説明
図2は、図1のDGAT2ファミリーメンバーの系統樹を示す。系統樹はDNASTARソフトウェアを使用して構築されている。
図3は、本発明で使用するDNAプライマー分子の一覧である。
図4は、ベクターpCGN8832の模式図である。
図5は、ベクターpMON68762の模式図である。
図6は、ベクターpMON68654の模式図である。
図7は、ベクターpMON70904の模式図である。
図8は、ベクターpMON70920の模式図である。
図9は、ベクターpMON70923の模式図である。
図10は、ベクターpMON70925の模式図である。
図11は、ベクターpMON70927の模式図である。
図12aおよび12bは、図中に示すように、特定の真菌種から誘導したDGAT2ポリペプチド配列の配列アライメントを示す。この図を読み取るための情報(使用した略語および網掛けの意味を含む)は、上記図1a、1bおよび1cについて記載した通りである。網掛けおよび黒色で示す保存領域は、効果的に利用されて、他の種から誘導された他のDGAT2ポリペプチドを同定しうる。具体的には、これらの配列の分析により、以下のモチーフが明らかになり、FXXPXYR(配列番号34)(Xは任意のアミノ酸を表す)、これはさらなるDGAT2配列(好ましくは真菌供与源のもの)を同定するために使用され得る。
図13は、図中に示すように、特定の植物種に由来するDGAT2ポリペプチド配列の配列アライメントを示す。この図を読み取るための情報(使用した略語および網掛けの意味を含む)は、上記図1a、1bおよび1cについて記載した通りである。網掛けおよび黒色で示す保存領域は、効果的に利用されて、他の種から誘導された他のDGAT2ポリペプチドを同定しうる。具体的には、これらの配列の分析により、以下のモチーフが明らかになり、AYVFGYEPHSVXPI(配列番号33)、これはさらなるDGAT2配列(好ましくは植物供与源のもの)を同定するために使用され得る。
本明細書で使用する場合、トリアシルグリセロール組成物という用語は、グリセロールの非水溶性脂肪酸トリエステルを含む(すなわち、化学式(CH2−R)3(式中、Rはエステルである))、生物に存在する化合物を意味する。
本発明の物質は核酸分子を含む。本発明の好適な態様では、核酸分子は、配列番号11、12、13、16、17、19、21、23、25および27からなる群より選択される核酸配列を含む。
あるクラスの物質は、本発明の核酸物質によりコードされる1つ以上のポリペプチド分子を含む。別のクラスの物質は、本発明の1つ以上のポリペプチド分子を含む。特に好ましいクラスのタンパク質は、配列番号14、18、20、22、24、26および28、ならびにそれらの断片からなる群より選択されるアミノ酸配列を有するものである。ポリペプチド物質は、C末端またはN末端アミノ酸配列に延長部分(extension)を有し得る。
本発明の1つ以上の核酸分子を植物の形質転換またはトランスフェクションに使用し得る。外因性遺伝物質は、植物細胞に導入され、植物細胞は全植物、稔性植物、または不稔植物の個体に再生され得る。外因性遺伝物質は、天然型であってもそうでなくても、任意の生物に挿入可能なあらゆる供与源に由来するあらゆる遺伝物質であり得る。細菌プラスミド維持エレメントは、DNA構築物の構成要素である。これらのエレメントには、抗生物質マーカー(すなわち、aadA遺伝子(SPC/STR、スペクトマイシンおよびストレプトマイシン耐性)、Ec.nptII(ネオマイシンホスホトランスフェラーゼ、カナマイシン耐性));プラスミドコピー数を制御する複製起点またはエレメント(すなわち、Ec.oriV、Ec.ori322、ORI−PUCおよびEc.ROP)が含まれる。これらのエレメントのさらなる情報は、特にSambrookら, Molecular Cloning, A Laboratory Manual, 第二版, Cold Spring Harbor Press, Cold Spring Harbor, New York (1989)から得ることができる。
本発明の核酸分子およびそれらの断片は、同じ種から他の核酸分子を得るために使用され得る(トウモロコシ由来の核酸分子を利用してトウモロコシから他の核酸分子を得ることができる)。このような核酸分子は、タンパク質の完全コード配列をコードする核酸分子、ならびにこのような分子のプロモーターおよびフランキング配列を含む。さらに、このような核酸分子は、他のイソ酵素または遺伝子ファミリーメンバーをコードする核酸分子を含む。このような分子は、上述した核酸分子またはそれらの断片を使用して、cDNAまたはゲノムライブラリーをスクリーニングすることにより容易に得ることができる。このようなライブラリーを形成するための方法は当該分野で周知である。
Kamisaka, Y.ら, Lipids, 28:583-587 (1993)に記載されるようにモルティエレラ・ラマニアナを培養した。10〜13日間の培養液をミラクロス(Miracloth)に通し、手で絞って過剰分の液体を除去して、細胞を回収した。湿包装細胞を−70℃にて保存した。モルティエレラ・ラマニアナからのDGAT2タンパク質の精製を以下のように行った。70〜75gの湿包装細胞から脂質体を単離した。使用直前、細胞を氷上で解凍し、200mLの緩衝液D(10mMリン酸カリウム(pH7.0)、1M KCl、0.5Mショ糖、1mM EDTA)中に懸濁させた。「ホモジナイズ」に設定した細胞破砕機(Bead-Beater, Biospec Products, Bartlesville, OK)に入った等量の0.5mmガラスビーズで、45〜90秒間かけてサンプルを溶解させた。ガラスビーズを含む細胞スラリーを、500×gで遠心分離し、上清を取り出し、ペレットを別の5mLの緩衝液Dで洗浄した。遠心分離の後、両方の遠心分離から得た上清を合わせた。6つの超遠心分離管(25×89mm)に分け、それぞれに5mLの緩衝液E(10mMリン酸カリウム(pH7.0)、1M KClおよび0.3Mショ糖)を重層した。サンプルを、100,000×gで4℃にて3時間遠心分離にかけた。重層部の上に浮いている脂質体画分を合わせて、50mLの緩衝液F(10mMリン酸カリウム(pH7.0)、75mM KCl、0.5Mショ糖および1.5% TritonX−100)中に可溶化させた。非可溶化物質を、超遠心分離により(90,000×gにて1.8時間)除去した。浮遊脂質層を捨て、可溶化画分(TritonX−100抽出物)を含む上清はカラム精製のために保持した。DGAT活性を、[1−14C]オレオイル−CoAおよび非標識化ジオレオイル−DAGからの14Cトリアシルグリセロールの生成として測定した。非可溶化サンプルについて、反応混合液(0.1mL)は、酵素抽出物、10mMリン酸カリウム(pH7.0)、100〜150mM KCl、および0.1%TritonX−100(w/v)を含む緩衝液に入った、3.67μM[1−14C]オレオイル−CoA、および1.5mM 1,2−18:1ジアシルグリセロールから構成された。アッセイ混合液を、25℃にて5分間インキュベートし、1.5mLのヘプタン:イソプロパノール:0.5M H2SO4(10:40:1、v/v/v)を添加して反応を止めた。可溶化サンプルについて、1,2−18:1 DAGを0.5mMに減らし、TritonX−100を0.2%に増やし、300μM L−α−ホスファチジン酸を含めた。500μMではなく300μMホスファチジン酸を使用したこと以外はKamiskaら, J. Biochem., 119:520-523 (1996)に記載されるように界面活性剤での可溶化後に活性を回復するためにL−α−ホスファチジン酸が必要であった。これにより、より高い活性刺激がもたらされた。
以下のプロトコールを使用して、アカパンカビ(Neurospora crassa)DGAT2タンパク質(NcDGAT2)に対応するコード領域全体を得た。Tri試薬(Sigma, St. Louis, MO)を製造元のプロトコールに従い使用して、アカパンカビA交配型(Fungal Genetics Stock Center, Kansas City, Kansas)菌糸体からRNAを単離した。SMART cDNA増幅キット(Clontech, California)を使用して、一本目のcDNA鎖合成を完了した。アカパンカビゲノム配列に対する配列比較に基づき、遺伝子特異的プライマーを設計して、NcDGAT2配列の完全長コード領域を増幅させた。クローニングし易くするために追加の制限部位を導入し(HindIIIおよびRsrII)、配列番号7および配列番号8と称するプライマーを使用した(図3)。製造元のプロトコール(Invitrogen)に従いPCR生成物をプラスミドpCR2.1にクローニングして、プラスミドpMON69834を得た。二本鎖DNA配列決定を行って、配列を検証した(配列番号13)。バキュロウイルス発現系を使用した昆虫細胞におけるNcDGAT2タンパク質の発現のために、pMON69834のRsrII−HindIII断片を、RsrII−HindIII消化プラスミドpFASTBAC1(Gibco-BRL, Gaithersburg, MD)にクローニングした。得られたプラスミドpMON69839を大腸菌DH10BACに形質転換し、組換えウイルスの回収をトランスフェクション5日後に行うこと以外は製造元の指示に従ってBAC−to−BACバキュロウイルス発現系(Gibco-BRL)を使用してタンパク質を発現させた。トランスフェクション混合液から得た上清を使用して、ウイルスストックを生成し、これを使用してSf9細胞を感染させてアッセイに使用した。DGAT活性を、[1−14C]オレオイル−CoAおよび非標識化ジオレオイル−DAGからの14Cトリアシルグリセロールの生成として測定した。反応混合液(0.1mL)は、25〜30mMトリシン(pH7.8)、50〜60mM NaCl、および0.06%CHAPS(w/v)を含む緩衝液に入った、単離膜、3.5μM[1−14C]オレオイル−CoA、21.5μMオレオイル−CoA、および200μM 1,2−18:1ジアシルグリセロールから構成されていた。アッセイ混合液を、25℃にて5〜10分間インキュベートし、1.5mLのヘプタン:イソプロパノール:0.5M H2SO4(10:40:1、v/v/v)を添加して反応を止めた。サンプルを実施例1に記載したように処理した。DGAT活性は、非形質転換(sf9)細胞における活性と比較してプラスミドpMON69839で形質転換した細胞において6倍増加した。
ダイズに由来する8種の高発現種子特異的タンパク質、すなわち、コングリシニン(GenBank受託番号AB008678、AB008679、AB008680)、グリシニン(AB003680、AB004062)、およびグロブリン(D16107、U59425)、ならびにカノーラに由来する14種の高発現種子特異的タンパク質、すなわち、クシフェリン(cuciferin)(GenBank受託番号167133、167135、17800、17804、17810、21117)およびナピン(AA349403、167176、167178、167174、167154、17836、17834、17832)からコドン利用表を構築した。MrDGAT2BおよびScDGAT2アミノ酸配列(それぞれ配列番号4および配列番号6)を、上記コドン利用表と共に、Blue Heron Biotechnology Inc.(Bothell, WA)に送付した。その送付先では、独自のアルゴリズムを利用して、RNA二次構造を形成するために最低の自由エネルギーを有する最終的なコドン最適化ヌクレオチド配列を生成した。Blue Heron Biotechnology, Inc.にMrDGAT2Bのコドン最適化配列を合成してもらい、MrDGAT2B.nno(配列番号11)と名付けた。ScDGAT2のコドン最適化配列をMidland Certified Reagent Company(Midland, TX)に合成してもらい、ScDGAT2.nno(配列番号16)と名付けた。
再合成モルティエレラ・ラマニアナDGAT2A遺伝子、MrDGAT2A.nno(配列番号15)を、ダイズ7Sプロモーター配列(pCGN8832)の制御下でダイズ中で発現させた。粒子ボンバードメントにより植物を形質転換させ、プールした発育中のR1種子において酵素アッセイを行った。いくつかの植物は、非形質転換植物と比べてDGAT活性の有意な増加(5〜20倍、スチューデントt検定、α=0.05)を示し、表3に示すとおりである。
DGAT2活性を示す2つのタンパク質を、モルティエレラ・ラマニアナで同定した(MrDGAT2AおよびMrDGAT2B)。2つのDGAT遺伝子を発現可能なプラスミドを構築するために、2つの遺伝子を、単一のt−DNA上の同じプラスミドにクローニングした。プラスミドpMON70927は、7Sa’プロモーターの制御下にMrDGAT2A.nno(配列番号15)、そしてナピンプロモーターの制御下にMrDGAT2B.nno(配列番号11)を含んでいた。クローニングは以下の通りに行った:7Sa’プロモーターの制御下にMrDGAT2A.nnoを含むpMON70900を、EcoRVで消化し、充填して平滑末端部を作った。次いで、NotIおよび7Sa’で切断し:MrDGAT2A.nno断片をゲル精製した。断片を、平滑末端/NotI消化植物発現ベクターpMON63689にライゲートして、pMON70912を形成した。MrDGAT2B.nnoを得るために、pMON70924をXhoIおよびEcoRIで消化し、端部を充填して、1071bpの長さの平滑末端/平滑末端断片を作った。断片をゲル精製し、次いで、平滑末端/平滑末端pCGN7770(ナピンプロモーターおよび3’UTRを含む大腸菌発現ベクター)にライゲートして、pMON70926を形成した。ナピン発現カセット中にMrDGAT2B.nnoを含むこのプラスミドを、NotIで消化し、断片を上記NotI−消化pMON70912にライゲートして、pMON70927を形成した。pMON70927をA.ツメファシエンスABI株に導入し、これを使用してダイズをMartinellら、米国特許第6,384,301号に記載されるように形質転換させた。
トウモロコシにおいて再合成モルティエレラ・ラマニアナDGAT2A(配列番号15)遺伝子の遺伝子標的化発現を操作するために発現ベクターを調製した。具体的には、イネアクチンイントロンが後続するトウモロコシL3オレオシンプロモーターのすぐ3’側、かつグロブリン1の3’UTRの5’側にあるpMON72021のBsp120I/Sse8387I部位に、1076塩基対のNot1/Sse8387I断片に含まれる完全長MrDGAT2A.nno遺伝子(配列番号15)をクローニングして、pMON68654を作製した(図6)。
Claims (17)
- 配列番号14、18、20、22および24からなる群より選択されるものと少なくとも90%同一であり、かつジアシルグリセロールアシルトランスフェラーゼ活性を有するポリペプチドをコードする核酸配列を含む、単離された核酸分子。
- 前記ポリペプチドが、配列番号14、18、20、22および24からなる群より選択される、請求項1に記載の単離された核酸分子。
- 配列番号11、12、13、16、17、19、21および23からなる群より選択されるものと少なくとも90%同一であり、かつジアシルグリセロールアシルトランスフェラーゼ活性を有するポリペプチドをコードする核酸配列を含む、単離された核酸分子。
- 前記核酸配列が、配列番号11、12、13、16、17、19、21および23からなる群より選択される、請求項3に記載の単離された核酸分子。
- 請求項1または請求項3に記載の核酸分子と機能的に連結された、植物細胞において機能する異種プロモーターを含む発現カセットを含む、DNA構築物。
- ジアシルグリセロールアシルトランスフェラーゼのポリペプチドをコードする核酸と機能的に連結された、植物細胞において機能する第2の異種プロモーターを含む第2の発現カセットをさらに含む、請求項5に記載のDNA構築物。
- 請求項5に記載のDNA構築物を含む、植物または種子。
- トウモロコシ、ダイズ、カノーラ、アブラナ、綿、ゴマ、亜麻、ラッカセイ、ヒマワリ、ベニバナ、オリーブおよびアブラヤシからなる群より選択される、請求項7に記載の植物または種子。
- 加工された、請求項7に記載の植物または種子。
- 食料、食事、油およびタンパク質からなる群より選択される製品を製造するために使用される、請求項9に記載の植物または種子。
- 請求項6に記載のDNA構築物を含む、植物または種子。
- トウモロコシ、ダイズ、カノーラ、アブラナ、綿、ゴマ、亜麻、ラッカセイ、ヒマワリ、ベニバナ、オリーブおよびアブラヤシからなる群より選択される、請求項11に記載の植物または種子。
- 加工された、請求項11に記載の植物または種子。
- 食料、食事、油およびタンパク質からなる群より選択される製品を製造するために使用される、請求項13に記載の植物または種子。
- (A)請求項5または請求項6に記載のDNA構築物で植物細胞を形質転換するステップ;および
(B)該植物細胞を、同様の遺伝バックグラウンドを有するが該DNA構築物は欠いている植物から得た種子と比べて強化した油を有する稔性植物に再生させるステップ
を含む、植物の作製方法。 - 前記植物が、同様の遺伝バックグラウンドを有するが前記DNA構築物は欠いている植物から得た種子と比べて高い油収率を有する種子を提供する、請求項15に記載の方法。
- 配列番号14、18、20、22および24からなる群より選択されるものと少なくとも80%同一であり、AYVFGYEPHSVXPI(配列番号33)およびFXXPXYR(配列番号34)からなる群より選択される少なくとも1つのアミノ酸モチーフを有し、かつジアシルグリセロールアシルトランスフェラーゼ活性を有するポリペプチドをコードする、単離されたポリヌクレオチド。
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US7939714B2 (en) | 2011-05-10 |
CN1671850A (zh) | 2005-09-21 |
US7417176B2 (en) | 2008-08-26 |
JP2006503557A (ja) | 2006-02-02 |
BR0313536A (pt) | 2005-06-14 |
EP1543130A4 (en) | 2006-07-12 |
US20040107459A1 (en) | 2004-06-03 |
WO2004011671A2 (en) | 2004-02-05 |
AU2003259682A1 (en) | 2004-02-16 |
KR20050037563A (ko) | 2005-04-22 |
CA2492205A1 (en) | 2004-02-05 |
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