JP4471968B2 - 毒素に対するll−37由来のペプチド性阻害剤 - Google Patents
毒素に対するll−37由来のペプチド性阻害剤 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4471968B2 JP4471968B2 JP2006502728A JP2006502728A JP4471968B2 JP 4471968 B2 JP4471968 B2 JP 4471968B2 JP 2006502728 A JP2006502728 A JP 2006502728A JP 2006502728 A JP2006502728 A JP 2006502728A JP 4471968 B2 JP4471968 B2 JP 4471968B2
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- C07K14/4701—Peptides having more than 20 amino acids; Gastrins; Somatostatins; Melanotropins; Derivatives thereof from animals; from humans from vertebrates from mammals not used
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Description
従来技術における努力にも関わらず、耳炎などの細菌によって誘発される疾病や病態を治療するための医薬物質(pharmaceutical agents)として役立つか、あるいは新規医薬物質の開発の手掛かりとなる、LPS中和活性およびLTA中和活性を有するさらなるペプチドおよびペプチド性化合物(peptidic compound)の必要性がある。
1つの態様においては、本発明は、リポ多糖(LPS)またはリポタイコ酸(LTA)への親和性を有する化合物を提供する。この化合物は化学的性質においてはペプチド性であって、アミノ酸配列であるX1KEFX2RIVX3RIKX4FLRX5LVX6 (以下、「コア(アミノ酸)配列」と称することもある)(式中、X1は配列のN末端部を表し;X2はKまたはEであり;X3はQまたはEであり;X4はDまたはRであり;X5はNまたはEであり;そしてX6はC末端部を表し;コア配列中の少なくとも1個のアミノ酸が誘導体化されていてもよく、N末端部がアセチル化されている、および/または、C末端部がアミド化されている、および/または、該アミノ酸配列が、天然アミノ酸配列であるX1KEFKRIVQRIKDFLRNLVX6とは異なる)を含む。
本発明の化合物は、リポ多糖(LPS)やリポタイコ酸(LTA)への親和性を有するペプチド性化合物である。これらの化合物は、コアアミノ酸配列であるX1KEFX2RIVX3RIKX4FLRX5LVX6を含む(式中、X1は配列のN末端部を表し;X2はKまたはEであり;X3はQまたはEであり;X4はDまたはRであり;X5はNまたはEであり;X6はC末端部を表し;コア配列中の少なくとも1個のアミノ酸が誘導体化されていてもよく、N末端部がアセチル化されている、および/または、C末端部がアミド化されている、および/または、該アミノ酸配列が、天然アミノ酸配列であるX1KEFKRIVQRIKDFLRNLVX6とは異なる)。
それぞれ24個のアミノ酸からなるペプチド性化合物を自動マルチペプチド合成機(SyroII;ドイツ国、ヴィッテン、MultiSyntech製)を用いて固相法で調製し、本願明細書においてはP60、P60.4、P60.AcおよびP60.4Acと称する。P60とP60.4を得るために、ポリエチレングリコールとポリスチレンのグラフトポリマーである Tentagel S AC(ドイツ国、テュービンゲン、Rapp製)を樹脂として用いた(装填:0.2ミリグラム当量、粒子サイズ:90μm)。P60.AcおよびP60.4Acを得るために、Tentagel S AMを用い、C末端がアミド化されたペプチドを得た。(樹脂装填量に基づく)6倍の過剰モル量の、適切なFmocアミノ酸の0.60M NMP溶液、6倍の過剰モル量のPyBOPの0.67M NMP溶液および12倍の過剰モル量のNMMのNMP溶液(2/1(v/v))を反応槽に加えることにより、カップリングを繰り返した。側鎖の保護基は次の通りである:D、E、SおよびTはtBu;KはBoc;NおよびQはTrt、そしてRはPmc。Fmocの脱保護は、ピペリジン/NMP(1/4(v/v))を各反応槽に3回加えることにより行った。カップリングは45分間、脱保護は3分間を3回行った。カップリングとFmocの脱保護の後、NMPによる洗浄を6回行った。P60.AcおよびP60.4Acについては、ペプチドが樹脂に結合している状態のまま、酢酸を用いてN末端のアセチル化を行った。合成終了後、ペプチド結合樹脂(peptidyl resins)をNMP、ジクロロメタン、ジクロロメタン/エーテル(1/1(v/v))およびエーテルでそれぞれ充分に洗浄し、風乾した。その後、ペプチド結合樹脂からペプチドを分離し、側鎖の脱保護をTFA/水(95/5(v/v))(1.5ml/ペプチド10μモル)中で2.5時間行い、樹脂をろ過により除去し、エーテル/ペンタン(1/1(v/v))(10ml/ペプチド10μモル)を用いてTFA溶液からペプチドを沈殿させた。溶液を−20℃で1時間冷却し、沈殿したペプチドを遠心分離(−20℃、2,500g、10分)で単離してペレットを得た。得られたペレットを粉砕し、10mlのエーテル/ペンタン(1/1(v/v))と共に撹拌(vortexing)し、上記と同様の方法で単離した後、ペプチドを室温で1時間風乾した。ペプチドを2mlの水または2mlの10容量%酢酸に溶解し、得られた溶液を液体窒素中で約5分間凍結し、次いで遠心分離(1,300rpm、8〜16時間)しながら凍結乾燥した。ペプチドの分析をRP−HPLCおよびMaldi−Tof質量分析法で行った。
上記で得た化合物のアミノ酸配列は次の通りである。
P60 IGKEFKRIVQRIKDFLRNLVPRTE
P60.Ac* IGKEFKRIVQRIKDFLRNLVPRTE
P60.4 IGKEFKRIVERIKRFLRELVRPLR
P60.4Ac* IGKEFKRIVERIKRFLRELVRPLR
*末尾のAcは、ペプチドのN末端がアセチル化されており、且つ、C末端がアミド化されていることを示す。
実施例1に従って調製した化合物の細菌毒素LPSを中和する能力を、カブトガニ血球抽出物(limulus amoebocyte lysate)(LAL)アッセイおよび全血(WB)アッセイで試験した。LTAの中和も全血アッセイで測定した。ペプチドLL−37を正の対照として用いた。50%のLPSが中和されるペプチド濃度(50%阻害)をペプチドの活性の測定の目安(measure)として用いた。これらの濃度の値を表1に記載する。それぞれのアッセイにおける、化合物間の測定値の相違は統計的に有意ではなかった。つまり、試験した本発明の化合物は、天然抗菌性ペプチドLL−37とほぼ同程度の抗毒素活性を示した。
実施例1に従って調製した化合物を、治療上望ましくない抗原性活性について、Elispotアッセイ、T細胞増殖アッセイ、ERK活性化アッセイおよび好中球走化性アッセイで試験した。Elispotアッセイは、in vitro で、薬物、化学物質または他の化合物のサイトカイン分泌に対する効果を測定するのに適用でき、よってin vivo における免疫機能に対する推定調節作用に関するデータを提供する。このアッセイの結果はIFN−γに対する陽性反応を示す分数として得られる。ERK(細胞外シグナル調節キナーゼ(extracellular signal-related kinases))1と2は、サイトカインなどの炎症誘発性媒介因子をコードする遺伝子の増幅、分化および発現を含む種々の細胞過程に関与することが明らかになっているMAP−キナーゼシグナル伝達経路の一部である。サイトカインは炎症の直接の媒介因子であり、多くの免疫学的反応の進行と調整(progression and direction)に影響を与える。サイトカイン産生におけるバランスの乱れ(Perturbation)は、いくつかの病状において重要な要因のひとつであると広く認識されている。滲出性中耳炎や副鼻腔炎などの病態の場合、このバランスはすでに乱されている。T細胞増殖も、すでに制御不能となっている免疫応答を刺激するため、この場合は好ましくない。したがって、本発明の化合物がサイトカイン産生、T細胞増殖、ERK活性化または好中球の走化性を刺激しないことが望ましい。
化合物P60.4Acを実施例1に従って調製し、in vivo におけるその許容性を試験した。具体的には、ウサギを用いて、化合物が皮膚および目に炎症(irritation)を起こす可能性を評価し、モルモットモデルを用いてその内耳神経毒性(ototoxicity)を研究した。さらに、静脈内投与後の全身毒性を評価した。
Claims (17)
- 細菌毒素および真菌毒素への親和性を有するペプチド性化合物であって、配列番号5のアミノ酸配列であるIGKEFKRIVERIKRFLRELVRPLRからなるペプチドを含み、N末端のアセチル化およびC末端のアミド化からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1種の修飾を所望により有することを特徴とするペプチド性化合物。
- 該細菌毒素または真菌毒素が、リポ多糖(LPS)およびリポタイコ酸(LTA)からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1種であることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載の化合物。
- N末端がアセチル化されており、且つC末端がアミド化されていることを特徴とする、請求項1または2に記載の化合物。
- 以下の工程を包含する、請求項1〜3のいずれかの化合物を調製するための方法。
(a)該化合物または該化合物に類似するペプチドをコードする核酸分子と、細胞をトランスフェクト可能なベクターとを結合し;
(b)宿主細胞を該ベクターおよびそれに結合している該核酸分子でトランスフェクトし;
(c)該宿主細胞を、該化合物または該化合物に類似するペプチドが発現可能な条件下で培養し;
(d)該化合物または該化合物に類似するペプチドを単離し;そして所望により、
(e)該化合物に類似するペプチドを修飾して該化合物を得る。 - 該ベクターが、ウイルスベクター、脂質ベクターおよび高分子ベクターからなる群より選ばれる1種であることを特徴とする、請求項4に記載の方法。
- 真菌感染または細菌感染あるいは真菌毒素または細菌毒素への曝露に関連あるいは起因する疾病または病態の診断用、予防用または治療用の組成物を製造するための、請求項1〜3のいずれかの化合物の用途。
- 該細菌毒素または真菌毒素が、リポ多糖(LPS)およびリポタイコ酸(LTA)からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1種であることを特徴とする、請求項6に記載の用途。
- 該組成物が、上気道または呼吸器系における真菌感染または細菌感染、あるいはそれに起因する病態の治療用であることを特徴とする、請求項6に記載の用途。
- 該組成物が、急性または慢性の副鼻腔炎、あるいは急性または慢性の耳炎または滲出性中耳炎の治療用であることを特徴とする、請求項8に記載の用途。
- 請求項1〜3のいずれかの化合物、および少なくとも1種の薬学的に許容される担体または賦形剤を包含する医薬組成物。
- 腸管外投与用に処方、加工、および適合された請求項10に記載の医薬組成物。
- 血管内注射用、筋内注射用、皮下注射用または病巣内注射用であることを特徴とする、請求項11に記載の医薬組成物。
- 感染部位または感染組織の粘膜への局所投与用に処方、加工および適合された、請求項10に記載の医薬組成物。
- 灌注液、点耳薬、点鼻薬、エアロゾル、粉状エアロゾル、噴霧用液、ゲル、懸濁液の形態または粘膜付着性投与用の形態であることを特徴とする、請求項13に記載の医薬組成物。
- ドラッグターゲティング剤、生物学的利用能増強剤、および制御型送達剤からなる群より選ばれる少なくとも1種をさらに包含することを特徴とする、請求項10〜14のいずれかに記載の医薬組成物。
- 配列番号5のアミノ酸配列であるIGKEFKRIVERIKRFLRELVRPLRからなるペプチドを含むペプチド性化合物をコードする核酸分子。
- 請求項16の核酸分子、および所望により、ウイルス性遺伝子送達ベヒクルまたは合成された遺伝子送達ベヒクルを包含する遺伝子送達組成物。
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