JP4461365B2 - Air-entangled spun yarn and fabric including the same - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an air-entangled spun yarn and a polyester fiber-containing fabric capable of exhibiting an ultraviolet shielding effect, a see-through prevention property, and an anti-pill property by a mechanism different from the conventional ones. Furthermore, the present invention relates to an air-entangled spun yarn and a polyester short fiber-containing fabric that can exhibit anti-pill properties without using a modified polyester and are excellent in water absorption and quick drying. Applications include shirts, blouses, casual knits, golf knits, sweaters, jackets, pants, skirts, swimwear, underwear, uniforms and other clothing and hats, umbrellas, scarves, towels, gloves, curtains, pillowcases, and cushions. Suitable for ground, sheets, futon side, diapers, etc.

Conventionally, as a method for obtaining a polyester fiber fabric exhibiting the prevention of see-through and ultraviolet shielding effect, a method using a polyester fiber in which titanium oxide or the like is kneaded inside the fiber, a method of including an ultraviolet absorber on the surface of the fabric, a high density There are methods such as weaving and knitting. In particular, so-called fuldal fibers containing a large amount of titanium oxide inside the fibers are highly effective in preventing see-through and ultraviolet shielding, and are widely used for clothing and the like (see, for example, Patent Document 1). However, in general, a fludall yarn having a titanium oxide content of 3.0% by mass or more causes severe wear on guides, yarn paths, wrinkles, etc., and induces fluffing and yarn breakage. However, there is a limit to the color developability, and there are significant restrictions on the vivid color expression obtained with ordinary polyester fibers. In order to prevent these drawbacks, a method has been proposed in which a fiber containing a large amount of titanium oxide is used as a core and a fiber is usually used as a sheath, but it is expensive and unstable in quality. The ultraviolet absorber application method by post-processing has a drawback that the texture is cured and the cost is increased.
JP-A-5-148734

  On the other hand, as a polyester fiber with excellent water absorption and quick-drying properties, there have been proposed long fibers having conventional round cross-sections using ultra-fine fibers and different cross-sections such as L-type, W-type, and Y-type. These increase the surface area of the fibers, reduce the gaps between the fibers, enhance the capillary effect, and are excellent in water-absorbing and quick-drying properties. Therefore, they are frequently used in sports applications that are lightweight and have a glossy appearance. In short polyester fibers, hollow fibers are generally used as a lightweight heat-retaining material, but the diffuse reflection effect on the fiber surface is weak, and in reality the UV absorption effect and visible light transmittance that can be seen in the present invention product cannot be expected. is there.

  As the anti-pilling (anti-pill) polyester fiber, an organic sulfonic acid copolymer polyester fiber, a modified polyester fiber containing phosphorus or the like is mainly used. These are made by reducing the fiber strength in the resin, spinning and drawing processes, and further promoting the decrease in fiber strength (knot strength) under the conditions of the dyeing finishing process, making it easier to remove the fluff on the fabric surface. It is often used for rayon blended yarn fabrics. However, in such a modified polyester fiber, particularly an organic sulfonic acid copolymer polyester fiber, a metal salt is likely to precipitate during spinning even in a general fiber shape having a round cross section, and the spinning performance is poor. Spinning of modified cross-section fibers is even more difficult. In addition, since the fiber strength is weak, the spinning property is inferior. In order to improve the spinnability, it is necessary to increase the fiber strength, and in order to obtain the anti-pill property, a device for reducing the fiber strength in the dyeing process is required. Furthermore, in order to maintain a certain quality during the dyeing process, there are difficulties such as complicated process management.

  In such a modified polyester fiber dyeing process, when the treatment liquid is subjected to a strongly acidic side such as pH 3 to 4, it is difficult to control the change of the liquid pH during the treatment and the difference between batches to the minimum. If it is insufficient, embrittlement and discoloration of the fabric will easily occur, leading to a decrease in strength and quality of the practical fabric, and the product value will be significantly impaired. Further, it is disadvantageous in terms of cost in a fabric having a fiber structure that requires a long dyeing time at a high temperature in order to obtain an anti-pill property. In addition, a fabric made of such a modified polyester fiber is very uneconomical because it cannot be re-dyed because the yarn or fabric has a strong reduction in strength due to dyeing processing.

  In recent years, improvement of the anti-pill property by a spinning method has been studied, and there is a method using bundle spinning. In this method, inter-fiber entanglement by high-speed air fluid is the basic structure, and the fiber ends are constrained inside the fiber, so there is less fuzz and the anti-pill property is improved. Due to the structure, there is a drawback that the texture becomes hard. There is a demand for a short polyester fiber fabric that has both anti-pill properties, ultraviolet shielding properties, anti-slipping properties, color development, water-absorbing quick-drying properties, and a cool feeling without using full-dal fibers.

  The present invention does not use full fiber (generally titanium oxide content of 3.0% by mass or more) or an ultraviolet absorber, and even a thin white fabric has little translucency and has a high ultraviolet shielding rate, and absorbs water. An object of the present invention is to obtain a soft-textured spun yarn and fabric excellent in quick-drying property and color developability and having a high anti-pill property without using a modified polyester fiber.

That is, the present invention has the following configuration.
1. Having a titanium oxide content of less than 1.0% by mass and having three or more protrusions continuously present on the fiber circumference in the fiber length direction, the degree of irregularity of the fiber cross section (of the circumscribed circle relative to the inscribed circle) Ratio) of 1.8 or higher, and / or air entangled spun yarn containing hollow polyester fiber with a hollowness ratio of 8% or higher, and the polyester fiber has a fineness of 3.5 dtex or less and the spun yarn An air entangled spun yarn in which the number of fluff per 10 m of the yarn is 30 or more and less than 350 when the length is 1 mm or more, and less than 15 when the length is 3 mm or more.
2. The air entangled spun yarn described in the first aspect is included at least in part, and the pilling in the JIS L 1076 A method is tertiary or higher, the ultraviolet shielding factor is 84% or higher, and the visible light transmittance is 40% or lower. A polyester fiber-containing fabric characterized in that:

  According to the present invention, without using a full-dal fiber, even a thin white fabric has little sense of sheer, has a high ultraviolet shielding rate, excellent water-absorbing quick-drying property and coloring property, and excellent without using a modified polyester fiber. It is possible to obtain a soft textured air-entangled spun yarn and polyester fiber-containing fabric having both anti-pilling properties at the same time.

Hereinafter, the air entangled spun yarn including the polyester fiber and the fabric including the same will be described in detail.
The titanium oxide content contained in the polyester fiber used in the present invention is less than 1.0% by mass. In the case of a high irregularity cross-section fiber in which three or more protrusions existing on the circumference of the fiber are continuously present in the fiber length direction and the irregularity is 1.8 or more, preferably 0.6 mass % Or less, and more preferably 0.5% by mass or less. If it exceeds 1.0% by mass, the spinnability deteriorates and the matting effect acts strongly, so that the whiteness is inferior and the color developability tends to be lost. The present invention is characterized in that it does not need to be contained more than necessary since the ultraviolet shielding property and the anti-slipping property similar to those of a fludal fiber can be obtained with a small amount of titanium oxide.

  In the case of a hollow fiber, the surface reflectance of light tends to be inferior to that of the above-mentioned high profile fiber, and a slightly higher titanium oxide content is more effective, 0.4 mass% or more, 0.8 mass % Is preferred. When the number of hollow shapes in the fiber is plural, the titanium oxide content can be reduced as compared with the case of one because the light reflectivity is improved, and the color developability can be improved.

  Titanium oxide is mainly used in the present invention, but a trace amount of radioactive fine powder obtained from conventionally used kaolinite, zirconium carbide, various pigments, tourmaline, rare ore, deep ocean water, etc., antibacterial and deodorant Agents, antibacterial agents and the like may be mixed as necessary.

  The fiber having a high degree of atypical fiber cross section used in the present invention has three or more protrusions present on the circumference of the fiber, and the degree of the atypia (an enlarged photograph of the fiber cross section is taken with an electron microscope or an optical microscope). It is preferable that the protrusion is continuously present in the fiber length direction when the circumscribed circle and the inscribed circle are drawn and expressed by the ratio of the diameters) of 1.8 or more. A round cross-section with a low fiber surface reflectance, a flat cross-section, or a triangular cross-section with an irregularity of less than 1.8 is not preferable. A Y-shaped, cross-shaped, star-shaped cross-section fiber or the like having high irregular reflectance is preferable. The degree of variation is preferably 2.0 or more and less than 3.5, and more preferably 3.0 or less. If it is 3.5 or more, the fiber strength tends to decrease. Such high profile fibers are generally bulky and have the effect of giving the fabric a cushioning effect that makes them feel soft even when pressed. Therefore, it effectively acts on the soft texture of the air entangled spun yarn of the present invention.

  The hollow fiber used in the present invention preferably has a hollow ratio of 8% to 45%. If it is 7% or less, the light reflectivity is inferior, and if it is 46% or more, form retention is difficult, which is not preferable. Preferably, it is in the range of 15% to 30%. The hollow cross-sectional shape of the fiber may be round, triangular, flat, square or the like. Further, the number of hollows in the single fiber may be one or plural, and may be hollow at the time of spinning, or may be a hollow fiber in which a specific component is dissolved and removed with cotton, yarn, or fabric.

  The content of the high profile fiber and / or hollow fiber in the air entangled spun yarn is preferably 30%, more preferably 50% or more. These can be used alone or in combination. In addition, other fibers such as cotton, rayon, cupra, polynosic, and cellulose fibers (including hygroscopic exothermic fibers), deodorant, antibacterial, antibacterial and deodorant performance, as long as the performance is not impaired May be used in combination with polyester, acrylic, acrylate, modacrylic fiber, etc.

  The present invention is characterized in that anti-pilling properties can be obtained with a homopolymer polyester such as polyethylene terephthalate. A cationic dyeable polyester which is a copolymer of this polyester fiber and an organic sulfonate metal base-containing component. A type of polyester fiber or the like may be used in combination with weaving, knitting, blending or the like for the purpose of obtaining a clear color or a different color dyeing effect. In the present invention, the content of the high atypical fiber or hollow fiber in the fabric is preferably 20%, more preferably 40% or more.

  The fineness of the polyester fiber in the present invention is preferably 3.5 dtex or less, more preferably 2.5 dtex or less in terms of entanglement, texture, and count. If it is 3.6 dtex or more, the number of components of the spun yarn is reduced and the rigidity is strong, so that the entanglement is poor, resulting in a hard texture and low strength, making it difficult to obtain a fine count. Compared to long fibers, short fibers are expected to have light transmission blocking properties due to bulkiness due to crimping, and by having a high degree of irregularity of 1.8 or more and a hollow cross-sectional shape, the rigidity of the fibers becomes stronger, and as a spun yarn There is a characteristic that is rich in bulk. As a result, there is little fiber sag due to heat and physical force in the post-process, and it is superior in bulky fiber shape retention, UV and visible light compared to fibers with round cross section, flat cross section and profile degree less than 1.8. It also works to prevent light transmission.

  From the strength of the rigidity resulting from the cross-sectional shape of the polyester fiber in the present invention, sufficient rigidity (harness, waist) equivalent to the round cross-section fiber 2.0 dtex can be obtained even if the fineness is 1.1 to 1.5 dtex. As compared with the above, it is possible to increase the number of spun yarns in the same count, and as a result, it is possible to enhance the yarn strength, the effect of preventing the reflection of ultraviolet rays of light and the transmission of visible light. Moreover, from the strength of the rigidity, it has the effect of weakening the entanglement property of the fuzz and improving the anti-pill property.

  In the polyester short fiber of the present invention, the appropriate number of crimps is 8 to 20/25 mm, and the larger the number of crimps, the greater the bulkiness and the irregular reflection on the surface of the fabric, and preferably 10/25 mm or more. The fiber cut length can be from 32 mm to burr cut, and is appropriately selected depending on the purpose. In general, the preferred range is preferably not longer from the number of fluffs of the spun yarn, the degree of fluff entanglement, the texture, and the surface of the yarn, and is from 32 mm to 51 mm.

  When spinning the above polyester short fibers, high-speed air-fluid entangled yarns such as open ends and bundle spinning are used regardless of the ring spinning method. Unlike the ring spun yarn, these methods have an effect of suppressing yarn fluff in the yarn structure, but since the texture hardening is inevitable, in the present invention, the spinning conditions are the texture of the spun yarn, It is desirable to avoid conditions such as low spinning speed under high air pressure where the degree of entanglement is increased and the texture is hardened under conditions that do not impair bulkiness and anti-pilling properties.

  The number of fluff of the spun yarn spun in the present invention is 30 or more, less than 350, and less than 15 fluff of 1 mm or more per 10 m of yarn length, It is preferable that the number of each fluff is less than 300 and 10 or less simultaneously. By specifying the fiber cross-sectional shape and fineness as in the present invention and using a spun yarn by a high-speed air fluid, it is possible to produce a spun yarn with a small number of fluffs, particularly when the number of fluffs is 350 or more, especially 15 or more. A bulky and loose structure such as a smooth or pile structure is not preferable because sufficient anti-pilling properties cannot be obtained. On the other hand, if the number of fluffs of 1 mm or more is less than 30, it becomes a spun yarn having a high degree of entanglement and a thin yarn diameter, and the anti-pill property is increased, but it is not preferable because it becomes a hard-textured fabric inferior in bulkiness. As a result, the ultraviolet shielding rate targeted by the present invention is lowered, and the visible light transmittance is increased, which is not preferable.

  In the fabric of the present invention, by using at least the above polyester spun yarn, the visible light transmittance at 380 to 780 nm is 40% or less, the 280 to 400 nm wavelength ultraviolet ray shielding rate is 84% or more, and pilling in the JIS L1076 A method is achieved. A polyester fiber-containing fabric having a tertiary or higher grade can be obtained. At that time, it is possible to have a structure in which a lot of these polyester fibers are used in the fabric surface layer part by blending, blending, knitting, knitting, knitting with other fibers, or these fibers may be used alone.

  In the dyeing process of the fabric of the present invention, as in the case of other polyester fibers, a normal dyeing process is performed after scouring. For normal polyester fibers, high pressure dyeing at 120 to 130 ° C. is used, and for cationic dyeable modified polyesters, high pressure dyeing is used from 98 to 120 ° C. under normal pressure. In the present invention, finishing can be performed without using an ultraviolet absorber in combination, but a lesser amount of ultraviolet absorber may be used in combination. For fabrics, it may be burned or sheared before dyeing or after dyeing as usual, and lightly alkalinized after dyeing and dyeing to improve fabric quality, anti-pill properties and texture. May be.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described by way of examples.
In each of Examples and Comparative Examples, a polyester resin having an intrinsic viscosity of 0.63 was used, and after spinning at a polymer temperature of 290 ° C. and a spinning speed of 1600 m / min, using Y-type profile, hollow and medium-use spinnerets, Stretching is performed at a speed of 140 m / min, a temperature of 112 ° C., a stretching ratio of 2.34 for Y-shaped atypical fibers, 2.84 for hollow fibers (both round, triangular and tabular), and 2.60 for solid fibers. Polyester short fibers each having a cut length of 38 mm and a crimp number of about 14 pieces / 25 mm were obtained.

  Bundling spinning was performed using a Murata vortex spinner MVS manufactured by Murata Machinery Co., Ltd., with a nozzle pressure of 0.45 MPa and a spinning speed of 350 m / min. However, in Example 5, only the spinning speed was 400 m / min, and in Comparative Example 6, only the spinning speed was 200 m / min. The ring spun yarn of Comparative Example 1 had a twist coefficient of 3.2, and 30 English cotton counts were obtained for all points. The smooth structure of the knitted fabric was 22 gauge, the loop length was 325 mm, and the number of wells was 100. The tengu was knitted with 28 gauge, the loop length of 275 mm, and the number of wells of 100. Further, the dough was opened, dried after wet treatment, and subjected to an intermediate set at 180 ° C. for 40 seconds. After that, both smooth and tempura are dyed in separate batches with a high-pressure liquid dyeing machine (130 ° C, 20 minutes, 0.8% omf of fluorescent disperse dye), reduced, washed, dehydrated and dried, then finished at 160 ° C for 60 seconds. Set.

The measurement conditions for the knitted fabric are as shown below.
(1) UV shielding rate and visible light transmittance-UV-3100PC integrating sphere accessory device ISR-3100 manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation ISR-3100 integrating sphere was used with an inner diameter of 60 mmΦ (using an ultraviolet band filter) and measured under the following conditions.
・ Standard white plate: Barium sulfate ・ Ultraviolet shielding factor measurement wavelength: 280 nm to 400 nm
・ Visible light transmittance measurement wavelength: 380 nm to 780 nm
(2) Thickness of cloth: An average value per sheet was obtained by using a dial-type thickness meter to overlap two cloths and measuring the center of the cloth five times in the length direction.
(3) Pilling: Measured according to JIS L 1076 A method (determined by ICI type tester 5 hours).
(4) Evaluation of raw cotton and fabric: Evaluation was made in the following three stages.
○: Good, ○ △: Somewhat good, ×: Bad.

The UV shielding rate and visible light transmittance of a fabric are generally the fiber polymer properties, fiber morphology (atypicality, cross-sectional shape, presence or absence of crimps, and number of crimps), inorganic particle type and content, single yarn fineness, yarn fineness. It depends on the twisted structure, the density, structure, thickness, hue, etc. of the structure.
Table 1 below shows the evaluation results of the obtained fibers and the woven fabrics using the fibers.

  In Examples 1 to 5, the number of fluff is small, and pilling is not less than 4-5 grade in the smooth tissue as well as the tengu, which is a satisfactory level. Moreover, compared with a comparative example, it has a fabric thickness (bulkness), a high ultraviolet shielding rate, and a low visible light transmittance. On the other hand, in Examples 3 and 4, although the amount of titanium oxide is slightly larger, the whiteness, and hence the color developability is not impaired, and a sufficient whiteness is obtained as compared with Comparative Example 5. Comparative Example 1 is excellent in both the ultraviolet shielding rate and the visible light transmittance, but has a lot of fluff, and particularly in a smooth tissue, the pilling is poor at 1-2 grade. Comparative Examples 2 to 5 have fewer fuzz and pilling of grade 3 or higher, but are both inferior in ultraviolet shielding rate and visible light transmittance. This is because the friction between the fibers and the metal is large, the fibers tend to be entangled, the apparent fiber diameter is thick, and the fabric thickness is inferior compared to Examples 1 to 5, which are likely to be bulky, and further due to the fiber form. It is thought that the low surface reflectance has an influence.

  In addition, Comparative Examples 2 to 5 in which the fiber cross section is round or low-profile, the Y-type fibers of Examples 1, 4 and 5 exhibited a soft texture with cushioning properties, whereas the thickness of the fabric was inferior, It was a fabric with a hard texture with a strong rough feeling. Example 5 had an increased number of fluffs compared to Example 1, but had a soft hand feeling similar to that of ring yarn, and the pilling was smooth and maintained grade 4 and was a level with sufficient performance. .

  In Comparative Example 6, the yarn speed at the time of spinning was low, but the number of fluff having a length of 1 mm or more was drastically reduced to 25, and anti-pilling property was improved as compared with other levels. However, since the degree of entanglement is strong, the texture becomes a hard texture with a crisp taste, which is completely different from the bulky and soft textures as seen in Examples 1 and 4, and the UV shielding rate is also different. The knitted fabric was reduced and the visible light transmittance was large.

  It was found that all of the examples had practical anti-pill properties and color developability, and had an ultraviolet shielding rate similar to that of a full dull yarn and an effect of preventing see-through. Bundling spinning has fewer fluffs and better anti-pilling properties compared to ring spinning, but it has a drawback of a hard texture that is different from ring yarn and its improvement is difficult, but it has a soft texture, The combination of the pill property, the ultraviolet shielding property, the see-through preventing property, the color developing property and the like satisfy only the constituent requirements of the present invention.

  Table 2 shows the evaluation results of anti-pilling properties when the spun yarns described in the Examples and Comparative Examples of Table 1 are used and the structure is made smooth.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to provide an air entangled spun yarn having a soft feeling and having an anti-pill property, an ultraviolet shielding property, a see-through preventing property, a color developing property, and the like, and a fabric using the air entangled spun yarn. The air entangled spun yarn of the present invention and the fabric including the same include shirts, blouses, casual knits, golf knits, sweaters, jackets, pants, skirts, swimwear, underwear, uniforms and other clothes and hats, umbrellas, scarves, towels, It can be suitably used for gloves, curtains, pillow covers, cushion side fabrics, sheets, futon side fabrics, diapers and the like.

Claims (1)

Titanium oxide content is 0.4% by mass or more and less than 1.0% by mass, and has three or more protrusions continuously on the fiber circumference in the fiber length direction, The ratio of the circumscribed circle to the circumscribed circle) is an air entangled spun yarn including a high-polymorphic polyester fiber having a ratio of 1.8 or more and / or a hollow polyester fiber having a hollow ratio of 8% or more, and the polyester fiber has a fineness of 3.5 dtex. An air-entangled spun yarn having a fluff count per 10 m of the spun yarn of 30 to 350 and less than 350 and a length of 3 to 3 and less than 15 in the following.