JP4433834B2 - Toroidal continuously variable transmission - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a toroidal continuously variable transmission used as a transmission mechanism for automobiles or various industrial machines.

  Conventionally, a toroidal continuously variable transmission 10 as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 is known as a continuously variable transmission used in a vehicle such as an automobile. In the toroidal continuously variable transmission 10, an input disk 12 and an output disk 13 are concentrically and independently of each other via a needle roller bearing 14 around an input shaft 11 that rotates in conjunction with a drive source such as an engine. And is supported rotatably.

  A cam disk 15 is splined to the input shaft 11 on the back side of the input disk 12. A plurality of rollers 16 are interposed between the cam disk 15 and the input disk 12 to constitute a loading cam type pressing mechanism 17 that presses the input disk 12 toward the output disk 13. The output disk 13 is engaged with the output gear 19 via the key 18, and the output disk 13 and the output gear 19 rotate in synchronization.

  Further, between the input disk 12 and the output disk 13, a pair of trunnions 20 that swing about a pair of tilting shafts 21 and 22 that are twisted with respect to the input shaft 11 are provided. As shown in FIG. 5, each trunnion 20 has a pair of tilting shafts 21 and 22 and a main body portion 23 having a circular hole 25 opened in the inner plane 24 at the center. Further, the main body portion 23 has a pair of bent portions 26 and 26 which are bent toward the inner plane and connected to the pair of tilting shafts 21 and 22 at both ends.

  A displacement shaft 27 is swingably provided in a circular hole 25 of the main body 23 of the trunnion 20 via a needle roller bearing 28. The displacement shaft 27 includes a support shaft portion 27a supported by the trunnion 20, and a pivot shaft portion 27b that is parallel to and eccentric from the support shaft portion 27a, and a power roller 29 is provided around the pivot shaft portion 27b. The roller bearing 30 is rotatably supported. The outer peripheral surface of the power roller 29 is provided with a toroidal surface 29a formed on a spherical convex surface that comes into contact with each of the inner surfaces 12a, 13a of the input disk 12 and the output disk 13 formed in an arc-shaped concave cross section. 12 and the output disk 13 are in contact with each other in a tiltable manner.

  Further, between the inner surface 24 of the main body 23 of the trunnion 20 and the outer surface of the power roller 29, a power roller bearing portion 31 that is a thrust rolling bearing and a thrust needle bearing 32 are sequentially formed from the outer surface of the power roller 29. Is provided. The power roller bearing portion 31 allows rotation of the power roller 29 while supporting a thrust load applied to the power roller 29. A plurality of balls 33 of such a thrust ball bearing 31 are arranged between both rolling surfaces of an annular outer ring 34 provided on the trunnion 20 side and a power roller 29 as a rotating portion, and are annular retainers. 35.

  The tilting shafts 21 and 22 at both ends of the trunnion 20 are supported by a pair of support plates 37 and 37 via needle roller bearings 36 and 36 so as to be swingable and axially displaceable. The inclination angle of the displacement shaft 27 can be adjusted by the movement. The pair of support plates 37, 37 are movably disposed on support posts (not shown) provided on a casing (not shown) that accommodates the toroidal-type continuously variable transmission.

  A drive rod 38 (hereinafter referred to as a trunnion shaft) is integrated with one tilting shaft 21 of each trunnion 20, and a drive piston 39 is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the intermediate portion of the trunnion shaft 38. It has been. The drive piston 39 is oil-tightly inserted into a drive cylinder 42 formed by valve bodies 40 and 41 fixed to the casing.

  Further, a trunnion shaft 38 integrated with one of the tilt shafts 21 of the trunnion 20 is fitted with a drive piston 39 and a pulley 44 for a safety cable through a spacer 43. The drive piston 39 The spacer 43 and the pulley 44 are fastened and fixed to the drive rod 38 by using a nut 45. In particular, the drive piston 39 and the pulley 44 are locked so as to rotate together with the trunnion 20 using a keyway, two flat surfaces, spline fitting, or the like.

  According to the toroidal type continuously variable transmission 10 configured as described above, the rotation transmitted from the drive source such as the engine to the cam disk 15 of the pressing device 17 is transmitted to the input disk 12 via the roller 16. . The rotation of the input disk 12 is transmitted to the output disk 13 via the power roller 29, and the rotation of the output disk 13 is taken out from the output gear 19.

  When changing the rotational speed ratio between the input side and the output side, the drive pistons 39 of the pair of trunnions 20 are displaced in opposite directions. As each drive piston 39 is displaced, each trunnion 20 is displaced in the opposite direction. As a result, the direction of the tangential force acting on the contact portion between the toroidal surface 29a of each power roller 29 and the inner surfaces 12a and 13a of the input disk 12 and the output disk 13 changes, and this force direction changes. Accordingly, the trunnion 20 swings in opposite directions around the pair of tilting shafts 21 and 22 pivotally supported by the support plates 37 and 37.

  In the toroidal type continuously variable transmission 10 configured as described above, the power roller 29 is sandwiched between the input disk 12 and the output disk 13 to transmit power, and receives an excessive thrust load. The thrust load applied to the power roller 29 is supported by the power roller bearing portion 31 and the thrust needle bearing 32. In particular, since the power roller bearing portion 31 rotates at a high speed under an excessive thrust force, it is important to supply lubricating oil to this portion.

  Conventionally, various methods of supplying lubricating oil to the power roller bearing portion 31 and the thrust needle bearing 32 have been proposed (see, for example, Patent Documents 1 to 5). In the conventional oil supply method shown in FIG. 6, the trunnion shaft 38 is drilled to form a trunnion shaft vertical hole 50 having a small diameter along the axial direction in the trunnion shaft 38, and the diameter of the trunnion shaft 38. A trunnion shaft lateral hole 51 communicating with the trunnion shaft longitudinal hole 50 is formed along the direction. Further, the main body 23 of the trunnion 20 is formed on the inner peripheral surface of the circular hole 25 through the main body vertical hole 52 having a small diameter along the axial direction passing through the circular hole 25 and the main body vertical hole 52. A ring groove 53, a main body horizontal hole 54 extending from the end of the main body vertical hole 52 toward the inner plane 24, a main body oblique hole 55 communicating the trunnion shaft vertical hole 50, and the main body vertical hole 52. Is formed. Plugs 56, 57, and 58 are press-fitted into the processed end portions of the trunnion shaft vertical hole 50, the main body portion vertical hole 52, and the main body portion oblique hole 55, respectively. In addition, the X direction of FIG. 6 represents the up-down direction in an actual vehicle attachment state, and the Y direction represents a horizontal direction.

  Then, the lubricating oil from the oil passage 40a formed in the valve body 40 is supplied to the trunnion 20 through the oil supply hole 59 formed in the sleeve portion 39a of the drive piston 39, and along the arrow in FIG. The trunnion shaft horizontal hole 51, the trunnion shaft vertical hole 50, the main body portion oblique hole 55, the main body portion vertical hole 52, the ring groove 53, and the main body portion horizontal hole 54 are passed through the oil catch portion 60 formed on the displacement shaft 27. Supplied. Thereafter, the lubricating oil is branched from the oil catch portion 60 into the pivot vertical hole 61 and the pivot horizontal hole 62, and the power roller bearing portion 31 is supplied with the lubricating oil supplied from the pivot vertical hole 61 and the needle roller from the pivot horizontal hole 62. It is lubricated with the lubricating oil supplied through the clearance of the bearing 30.

Further, in the toroidal type continuously variable transmission described in Patent Document 1, the lubricating oil from the drive cylinder passes through the outer peripheral surface of the trunnion shaft, and the main body part oblique hole, the main body part side hole formed in the main body part of the trunnion, 2. Description of the Related Art There is known an oil supply method that uses a route led to a main body vertical hole. Further, in the toroidal type continuously variable transmission described in Patent Document 3, a lubricating member is provided in front of the power roller from the trunnion main body oblique hole without providing the main body vertical hole or main body horizontal hole in the trunnion main body. Is provided to lubricate the contact portion between the power roller, the input disk, and the output disk.
JP 08-178007 A (page 4-5, FIG. 6) JP 2002-336828 A (page 2-3, FIG. 1-4) Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2000-230615 (page 3-4, FIG. 2)

  By the way, the trunnion has a hardness of about HRC30 in order to ensure strength. Therefore, in the toroidal continuously variable transmission described in FIG. 6 and Patent Document 1, a trunnion shaft vertical hole and a trunnion shaft horizontal hole formed in the trunnion shaft, and a main body vertical hole formed in the main body portion of the trunnion In order to machine these deep holes, such as the body part horizontal hole and the body part oblique hole, there is a problem that the machining time becomes long, and the drilling tool such as a drill wears quickly and the tool cost becomes high. .

  In addition, since the lubrication path is formed by intersecting a plurality of holes, burrs are generated at the intersections, and the work cost of deburring increases, and the interior of the lubrication path is kept clean. It was necessary to perform washing. Furthermore, since a high thrust force is input to the trunnion, there is a problem that the strength decreases due to stress concentration when there are many holes or depending on the positions of the holes.

  Further, the toroidal continuously variable transmission described in Patent Document 3 is provided with a lubricating member in front of the power roller, and it is necessary to form a lubrication hole in the bent portion of the main body, further improving the strength of the main body. There was room to do.

  In view of the above-described problems, the present invention reduces the number of lubrication holes of the trunnion and the intersection of the lubrication holes, shortens the drilling time and reduces the deburring process of the intersection, and reduces the machining cost. Another object of the present invention is to provide a toroidal continuously variable transmission that mitigates stress concentration in trunnion lubrication holes and prevents strength reduction.

The above object of the present invention is achieved by the following configurations.
(1) An input disk and an output disk supported concentrically and rotatably independently of each other;
A power roller that inclines in a tiltable manner between the input disk and the output disk;
A main body having an inner plane and a back surface, and a pair of tilting shafts formed on both sides of the main body, and capable of tilting around the pair of tilting shafts while rotatably supporting the power roller Trunnion and
A power roller bearing that supports the thrust load of the power roller while allowing rotation of the power roller;
A toroidal-type continuously variable transmission with
To the back surface of the trunnion, in order to supply lubricating oil to the power roller bearing portion, a lubricating oil supply member that tilts in synchronization with the trunnion is connected ,
The toroidal continuously variable transmission, wherein the lubricating oil supply member is connected to the back surface of the trunnion across a support plate that supports the trunnion so as to be swingable and axially displaceable .
(2) The toroidal continuously variable transmission according to (1), wherein the trunnion is formed with a lubricating hole penetrating from the back surface to the inner plane.
(3) around the one and integrated trunnion axis before Symbol pair of tilting shafts, members are provided to tilt synchronously with the trunnion, the lubricating oil supply member formed in said member The toroidal continuously variable transmission according to ( 1 ), characterized by being connected to an oil passage.

According to the toroidal type continuously variable transmission according to the present invention, the back of the trunnion, for supplying lubricating oil to the power roller bearing unit, is connected to the lubricating oil supply member to tilt synchronously with the trunnion, the lubricating Since the oil supply member is connected to the back surface of the trunnion so as to straddle a support plate that supports the trunnion so as to be swingable and axially displaceable , the number of lubrication holes in the trunnion main body is reduced. Can do. Therefore, the hole processing time can be shortened and the processing cost can be reduced. Further, since the number of intersections of the lubricating holes is reduced, it is possible to reduce the man-hours required for deburring of the intersections and special cleaning for the burrs, thereby reducing the processing cost. Furthermore, stress concentration in the trunnion lubrication hole can be alleviated, and a decrease in trunnion strength can be prevented. Further, the lubricating oil supply member can stably supply the lubricating oil to the power roller bearing portion without hindering the tilting operation of the trunnion or twisting or bending due to the tilting.

  Further, according to the toroidal type continuously variable transmission of the present invention, the trunnion is formed with an oil passage that communicates from the back surface to the inner plane, so that one trough hole is formed in the main body of the trunnion. The processing time can be shortened and the processing cost can be reduced. In addition, since there are no hole intersections, burrs generated at the intersections can be eliminated. Thereby, it is not necessary to perform deburring or special cleaning for the deburring, and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.

  Hereinafter, a toroidal continuously variable transmission according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. The toroidal type continuously variable transmission of the present invention relates to a lubrication path for supplying lubricating oil to the power roller bearing portion, and the other configurations and operations are described in the background art. Is equivalent to Accordingly, the same parts as those in the background art are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted or simplified.

  1 to 3 show an embodiment of a toroidal continuously variable transmission according to the present invention. The trunnion 20 constituting the toroidal-type continuously variable transmission of the present embodiment has a pair of tilting shafts 21 and 22, an inner plane 24 and a back surface 70, and a circular hole 25 is opened in the inner plane 24 at the center. The main body 23 is provided. The main body portion 23 has a pair of bent portions 26 and 26 that are bent to the inner plane side on both sides of the inner plane 24 and connected to a pair of tilting shafts 21 and 22 formed on both sides of the main body portion 23. . A trunnion shaft 38 is integrated with one tilt shaft 21, and a drive piston 39 that tilts in synchronization with the trunnion 20, a spacer 43, and a pulley 44 for a safety cable are provided around the trunnion shaft 38. It is fitted.

  The sleeve portion 39a of the drive piston 39 is formed with an oil supply hole 59 through which lubricating oil from the drive cylinder 42 (see FIG. 5) is supplied. The pulley 44 for the safety cable is formed in an annular shape, and a lubricating hole 71 penetrating from the inner peripheral surface toward the outer peripheral surface located on the back side of the trunnion 20 is formed in the pulley 44.

  The trunnion shaft 38 is formed with a small diameter portion 72 at a position that includes the oil supply hole 59 and faces the inner peripheral surface of the sleeve portion 39a of the drive piston 39, and the outer peripheral surface of the small diameter portion 72 and the inner periphery of the sleeve portion 39a. An oil passage 73 is formed between the two surfaces. The trunnion shaft 38 extends in the axial direction from the small diameter portion 72 to a position facing the opening on the inner peripheral surface side of the lubrication hole 71 of the pulley 44, and forms a crescent-shaped oil passage 74 together with the inner peripheral surface of the spacer 43. A cutout portion 75 cut into a flat shape is formed (see FIG. 2).

  A lubrication hole 76 is formed in the main body 23 of the trunnion 20 so as to penetrate from the back surface 70 toward the inner plane 24 in the radial direction. A lubricating oil supply member 77 is connected to the rear side opening of the lubricating hole 76 of the main body 23 and the outer peripheral side opening of the lubricating hole 71 of the pulley 44. The lubricating oil supply member 77 is fixed to the back surface 70 of the trunnion 20 by screwing a bolt 79 with a holding plate 78 sandwiched between tap holes (not shown) machined in the back surface 70 of the trunnion 20 (FIG. 1 ( See b).).

Since the lubricating oil supply member 77 tilts together with the trunnion 20, it rotates relative to the support plate 37. Lubricating oil supply member 77 is connected to the lubrication hole 71 of the lubrication hole 76 and the pulley 44 of the main body portion 23, a laterally outer surface of the support plate 37 is disposed so as to straddle the support plate 37 ( (See FIG. 3 (a)). Therefore, as shown in FIGS. 3B and 3C, when the trunnion 20 tilts around the tilting shafts 21 and 22, the lubricating oil supply member 77 is lubricated so as not to interfere with the support plate 37. A predetermined gap s is provided between the oil supply member 77 and the outer surface of the support plate 37.

  In addition, although the round pipe was used for the lubricating oil supply member 77 of this embodiment, what is necessary is just a hollow member, and the shape is arbitrary. The material of the lubricating oil supply member 77 may be any of resin, copper, iron, etc., and can be arbitrarily selected. Further, the connecting portions 80 and 81 of the both ends of the lubricating oil supply member 77, the lubricating hole 71 of the pulley 44, and the lubricating hole 76 of the main body 23 are rubber-based oil seals, liquid packing, paper-based sealing materials, etc. May be used to prevent oil leakage.

  In the toroidal type continuously variable transmission configured as described above, the lubricating oil is supplied to the power roller bearing portion 31 along the lubricating path as indicated by the arrow in FIG. First, the lubricating oil supplied from the oil supply hole 59 formed in the sleeve portion 39a of the drive piston 39 is oil formed between the outer peripheral surface of the small diameter portion 72 of the trunnion shaft 38 and the inner peripheral surface of the sleeve portion 39a. Pass through path 73. The lubricating oil that has passed through the oil passage 73 passes through a crescent-shaped oil passage 74 formed between the notch 75 and the spacer 43, and is guided to the lubricating hole 71 formed in the pulley 44.

  Further, the lubricating oil passes through the lubricating oil supply member 77 from the lubricating hole 71, is sent to the lubricating hole 76 formed in the main body portion 23 of the trunnion 20, and enters the oil catch portion 60 formed in the displacement shaft 27. Supplied. The lubrication path from the oil catch 60 to the power roller bearing 31 is the same as that of the conventional structure.

  Therefore, according to the toroidal type continuously variable transmission of the present embodiment, the lubricating oil supply member 77 tilts in synchronization with the trunnion 20 in order to supply the lubricating oil to the power roller bearing portion 31 on the back surface 70 of the trunnion 20. Are connected, the number of lubrication holes in the main body 23 of the trunnion 20 can be reduced. Therefore, the hole processing time can be shortened and the processing cost can be reduced. Further, since the number of intersections of the lubricating holes is reduced, it is possible to reduce the man-hours required for deburring of the intersections and special cleaning for the burrs, thereby reducing the processing cost. Furthermore, stress concentration in the trunnion lubrication hole can be alleviated, and a decrease in trunnion strength can be prevented. Further, the lubricating oil supply member 77 can stably supply the lubricating oil to the power roller bearing portion 31 without hindering the tilting operation of the trunnion 20 or twisting or bending due to the tilting. .

  Further, according to the toroidal type continuously variable transmission of the present invention, the trunnion 20 is formed with the lubrication hole 76 that communicates from the back surface 70 to the inner plane 24, so that the main body 23 of the trunnion 20 has a lubrication hole. It is only necessary to form one 76, and the processing time can be shortened and the processing cost can be reduced. In addition, since there are no hole intersections, burrs generated at the intersections can be eliminated. Thereby, it is not necessary to perform deburring or special cleaning for the deburring, and the manufacturing cost can be reduced.

Note that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and appropriate modifications and improvements can be made.
In the present embodiment, a lubricating hole is provided in a pulley for a safety cable fitted on the trunnion shaft, and the lubricating oil is guided from the oil passage formed in the trunnion shaft to the lubricating oil supply member through the lubricating hole. However, the member provided with the lubrication hole may be a member that tilts in synchronization with the trunnion, and may be a spacer or a drive piston. Further, a dedicated member provided with a lubrication hole may be externally fitted to the trunnion shaft.

Further, the toroidal type continuously variable transmission of the present invention may be one in which the displacement shaft and the outer ring of the thrust ball bearing are integrated as shown in FIG. 1, or may be configured separately. Good.
The toroidal type continuously variable transmission of the present invention is not limited to a single cavity type toroidal continuously variable transmission, but can be applied to a double cavity type. In this embodiment, the variator part is applied to a half-toroidal continuously variable transmission, but can also be applied to a full toroidal continuously variable transmission.

It is a figure which shows the power roller and trunnion of the toroidal type continuously variable transmission of this embodiment, (a) is the sectional drawing, (b) is a side view. It is sectional drawing which follows the II-II line | wire of Fig.1 (a). It is a schematic diagram for demonstrating the clearance at the time of tilting operation seen from the arrow A direction of Fig.1 (a). It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of a general toroidal type continuously variable transmission. It is sectional drawing along the VV line of FIG. It is a figure for demonstrating the conventional lubrication path | route with which lubricating oil is supplied to a power roller bearing part.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Toroidal type continuously variable transmission 12 Input disk 13 Output disk 20 Trunnion 21,22 Inclination shaft 23 Main body part 24 Inner plane 29 Power roller 31 Power roller bearing part 37 Support plate 38 Trunnion shaft 39 Driving piston 43 Spacer 44 Safety cable Pulley 70 rear surface 76 lubricating hole 77 lubricating oil supply member

Claims (3)

An input disk and an output disk supported concentrically and rotatably independently of each other;
A power roller that inclines in a tiltable manner between the input disk and the output disk;
A main body having an inner plane and a back surface, and a pair of tilting shafts formed on both sides of the main body, and capable of tilting around the pair of tilting shafts while rotatably supporting the power roller Trunnion and
A power roller bearing that supports the thrust load of the power roller while allowing rotation of the power roller;
A toroidal-type continuously variable transmission with
To the back surface of the trunnion, in order to supply lubricating oil to the power roller bearing portion, a lubricating oil supply member that tilts in synchronization with the trunnion is connected ,
The toroidal continuously variable transmission, wherein the lubricating oil supply member is connected to the back surface of the trunnion across a support plate that supports the trunnion so as to be swingable and axially displaceable .   The toroidal continuously variable transmission according to claim 1, wherein a lubrication hole is formed in the trunnion from the back surface to the inner plane. A member that tilts in synchronization with the trunnion is provided around the trunnion shaft integrated with one of the pair of tilting shafts, and the lubricating oil supply member is connected to an oil passage formed in the member. The toroidal continuously variable transmission according to claim 1 , wherein the toroidal continuously variable transmission is provided.

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