JP4396368B2 - Automatic nesting device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an automatic nesting apparatus that determines the arrangement of plate material parts with respect to a plate material as a material in a process of creating a machining program for a plate material machining machine such as a punch press or a laser beam machine.

  In an automatic nesting apparatus for sheet metal processing, component figures are arranged according to a predetermined standard with respect to sheet material figures respectively indicated by graphic data. In this case, a dead zone in which no plate material is arranged is generally provided around the four sides of the material plate material. This dead zone is a material edge portion with poor linear accuracy and dimensional accuracy, a grip margin that becomes a clamp portion of the work holder, and the like. The tolerance of the size of the plate material used as a raw material is recognized to be large in various standards and the like, and for example, an error of about several tens of mm may occur.

In the conventional nesting, parts are arranged in the central portion of the material excluding these dead zones and are not arranged in the dead zones. In the nesting of large parts for a right angle shear, there are cases where they are arranged in a dead zone, which is a special example.
As described above, a dead zone occurs at the edge of the material, and parts are not arranged, so that there is a problem that the yield does not increase.

Therefore, considering the form of the parts to be processed by a punch press, a laser processing machine, or the like, depending on the side of the plate material, the accuracy requirement is not strict, and a large error may be allowed to some extent. For example, as shown in FIG. 6A, there is a plate material bending part that serves as a case lid or the like. This part Wa ′ has an inner bent piece Waa, and the side a which is the tip of the bent piece Waa becomes a hidden part and does not cause interference with other members. Precision is not required. The part Wa ′ is obtained by cutting a plate part Wa as shown in a development view in FIG. 6B with a punch press or a laser processing machine, and then bending the part indicated by a broken line in the figure with a press brake or the like. Obtained by bending with a machine. The side a of the bent part Wa ′ is the side a at both ends in the developed view. Therefore, no precision is required for the side a. If the parts Wa that do not require such dimensional accuracy are arranged in the center excluding the dead zone of the plate material W, the yield cannot be improved.

An object of the present invention is to provide an automatic nesting device capable of improving the yield while ensuring the necessary accuracy by allowing the components to be arranged around the plate material depending on the required accuracy of the components .

The automatic nesting device (1) of the present invention is an automatic nesting device (1) applied to a plate material processing machine (3), and is data indicating a figure (G) of a part (Wa) cut out from the plate material (W). The component data storage means (21) for storing a certain component data (D1) and the component (Wa) of the component data (D1) are basically divided into a peripheral portion (WE) of the plate material (W) according to a predetermined standard (23). The component data storage means (21) is arranged in the central portion (WS) except for the component data (D1), and the component data storage means (21) uses the attribute data of the component data (D1) as the attribute data of the end of the component (Wa). Accuracy requirement information (D1b) is stored, and the component placement means (21), when allowed in accordance with the accuracy requirement information (D1b), is a peripheral portion (WE) of the plate material (W) contrary to the principle. Allowed to place And characterized in that a thing.
According to this configuration, the component arrangement means (22) arranges the component (Wa) according to the accuracy requirement information (D1b) of the component data (D1), and particularly when not permitted by the accuracy requirement information (D1b). As a general rule, the component (Wa) is arranged in the central portion (WS) excluding the peripheral portion (WE) of the plate material (W). If permitted by the accuracy requirement information (D1b), the plate material (W) is arranged on the peripheral portion (WE) against the principle. Thus, while maintaining the principle of placing in the center of the plate material (WS), so that the placement to the peripheral portion (WE) is performed when allowed on accuracy requirements, while ensuring the required accuracy, This can be done by improving the yield.

An automatic nesting device according to the present invention is an automatic nesting device applied to a plate material processing machine, wherein a component data storage means for storing component data which is data indicating a figure of a component cut out from a plate material, and a component of the component data In accordance with a predetermined standard, as a rule, a component placement means for placing in the central portion excluding the peripheral portion of the plate material, the component data storage means, as the attribute data of the component data, the accuracy requirement information of the end of the component The component placement means performs placement on the peripheral portion of the plate material against the principle when permitted in accordance with the accuracy requirement information. Depending on the required accuracy of the component, the component placement means moves to the periphery of the plate material. Therefore, it is possible to improve the yield while ensuring the necessary accuracy .

  An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a conceptual configuration of an automatic programming device 2 provided with the automatic nesting device 1. The automatic programming device 2 is a device that automatically generates a machining program 5 that is executed by a numerical control device 4 that controls the plate material processing machine 3. The machining program 5 is composed of an NC code or the like.

  The plate material processing machine 3 performs processing at a predetermined processing position P, and moves the plate material W on the table 6 in the front-rear direction (Y-axis direction) and the left-right direction (X-axis direction) parallel to the plate material plane. It has moving means 7. Further, the plate material processing machine 3 includes a work holder 8 and an end locator 9 which are means for positioning the plate material W, respectively, rearward with respect to the front-rear direction and leftward with respect to the left-right direction. In this specification, in the front-rear direction (Y-axis direction), the direction in which the plate material W is fed from the carry-in reference position O to the processing position P is referred to as the front, and the direction on the near side is referred to as the rear.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the plate material processing machine 3 is composed of a turret punch press, and a desired tool (not shown) mounted on the turret 15 is indexed at a punch position P, and a punch by the tool is punched. Processing is performed by driving the punch driving means 16. The plate material moving means 7 includes a carriage 11 that moves back and forth on the frame 10, a cross slide 12 that is mounted on the carriage 11 so as to be movable left and right, and an edge portion of the plate material W that is attached to a plurality of locations on the cross slide 12. And a plurality of work holders 8 for gripping the workpiece. The carriage 11 and the cross slide 12 are driven forward and backward by a servo motor and a ball screw mechanism, respectively. The work holder 8 opens and closes up and down to grip the plate material W, and has a positioning surface 8a (FIG. 3A) that abuts the edge of the plate material W on the tip. The end locator 9 is provided so as to be able to project and retract with respect to the upper surface of the table 6 and is projected when the plate material W is loaded and positioned. The carry-in reference position O is determined by the front-rear direction coordinates of the positioning surface 8a of the work holder 8 and the left-right direction coordinates of the end locator 9 when the carriage 11 is at the last retracted position (the position shown in FIG. 1 or 2). It is a position to be.

  In FIG. 1, an automatic programming device 2 is composed of a computer and programs and data to be executed by the computer. The automatic programming device 2 includes a tool master file 18, tool placement means 19, automatic nesting device 1, and NC data conversion means 20.

The tool master file 18 is means for registering information such as the shape and dimensions of each tool used in the plate material processing machine 3 in association with the tool number.
The tool placement means 19 is a means for placing a tool around or inside the part figure G indicated by the data D1a with respect to the data D1a showing the figure G of the part Wa cut out from the plate material W. In other words, it is a means for determining with which tool each part of the part graphic G is punched. This tool placement is performed according to setting rules (not shown), and is performed using information in the tool master file 18.
The tool master file 18 and the tool placement means 19 are provided in the case of the plate material processing machine 3 using a tool with a fixed shape such as a punch press, but any shape can be processed by a processing head such as a laser processing machine. It is not necessary if done.

The automatic nesting apparatus 1 includes a part data registration unit 21 and a part placement unit 22.
The component data registration unit 21 is a unit that stores component data D1 that is data indicating the graphic G of the component Wa cut out from the plate material W. The component data registration unit 21 stores a plurality of component data D1 that is a nesting unit such as an order unit. The component data registration unit 21 stores accuracy requirement information D1b of the end portion of the component Wa as attribute data of the component data D1. That is, the component data D1 includes component graphic data D1a that is data indicating the graphic G, and accuracy request information D1b as attribute information. The part graphic data D1a is constituted by a collection of a plurality of line data indicating the graphic G.

The component arrangement means 22 arranges a component Wa of the component data D1, specifically, a graphic G indicating the component Wa with respect to a material graphic F indicating the plate material W according to a predetermined standard 23, and generates nested data D2. It is.
Note that either the tool placement by the tool placement unit 19 or the part placement by the component placement unit 22 may be performed first, but in this embodiment, the tool placement by the tool placement unit 19 is performed first. I have to. Therefore, the nesting data D2 is data with a fixed tool arrangement.

  The NC data conversion means 20 creates or optimizes operation commands for the data on which the tool placement by the tool placement means 19 and the parts placement by the part placement means 22 are completed, and from the NC data in an executable format. It is a means to produce | generate the machining program 5 which becomes.

  Details of the automatic nesting apparatus 1 will be described below. As the accuracy requirement information D1b in the component data D1, for the figure G of each component Wa, for example, information on required accuracy is provided for each of the four surrounding sides (front side, rear side, left side, and right side). The required accuracy information may be set in multiple stages, but here it is simply set in two stages, “necessary” and “unnecessary”.

  The component placement means 22 has the principle reference S1 as the predetermined reference 23, and the end placement permission reference S2, the positioning side placement reference S3, the transposition reference S4, and the sheet material side use reference S5 as exception standards. Have.

As a principle, the principle standard S1 defines a central arrangement standard in which the component Wa is arranged in the central part WS excluding a predetermined peripheral part WE of the plate material W. The range of the peripheral portion WE is arbitrarily set, for example, as “a range from the outer periphery of the plate member W to the inside of OO mm”. The range of the peripheral portion WE may be a range of different dimensions depending on each side of the plate material W.
In principle, the standard S1 is within a range satisfying the standard of the central arrangement, for example, a standard for selecting an arrangement that maximizes the yield, and a standard such as from which position of the plate material W each component Wa is arranged. In principle, the highest yield standard in S1 includes the permissible range when the placement to the peripheral part WE is exceptionally permitted by other standards even if the standard of the center placement is not satisfied. It is arranged so that the yield is maximized.

The end portion arrangement permission reference S2 is a means that permits the arrangement of the plate material W on the peripheral portion WE contrary to the principle set in the principle reference S1 when permitted in accordance with the accuracy requirement information D1b of the component data D1. In the case where the presence / absence of accuracy is set for each side as described above as the accuracy requirement information D1b of the component data D1, the end portion arrangement permission reference S2 is a peripheral portion only for the side having the accuracy requirement “none”. It is supposed to allow placement on the WE.
The end portion placement permission standard S2 is a reference that allows the placement of the plate material W on the peripheral portion WE, and does not necessarily have to be placed on the peripheral portion WE. In contrast to this, the end portion arrangement permission reference S2 may be arranged on the peripheral portion WE of the plate material W as much as possible under other conditions.

  The positioning side arrangement reference S3 is a reference for performing component arrangement on the plate member peripheral portion WE on the positioning means side when arranging in the peripheral portion WE. In this embodiment, the parts are arranged on the rear side which is the work holder 8 side in the front-rear direction and on the left side where the end locator 9 is located in the left-right direction. The positioning side arrangement reference S3 is adopted when permitted by the end arrangement permission reference S2.

  The reference S4 for transposition is a standard for transposing, that is, changing the direction and arranging the plate in the peripheral portion WE in accordance with the accuracy requirement information D1b of the component data D1. The transposition reference S4 is, for example, a side that requires high accuracy as the accuracy requirement information D1b and a side that may be inaccurate, and the original posture cannot place the plate material W in the peripheral portion. This is a reference for transposition so that a side that may be inaccurate may be arranged in the plate material peripheral portion WE.

  The utilization criterion S5 of the plate material side is a standard for arranging the components so that the side of the component Wa is positioned on the side of the plate material W. Regarding the use of the board material side utilization standard S5, for example, as the attribute information in the component data D1, board material side usage information such as “use board material side” or “available board material side” is used as an arbitrary part of the component figure G. When there is information on “use” or “available”, the side of the plate material is used. The board side information may be provided as accuracy request information D1b.

  A specific example of component placement by the automatic nesting device 1 having the above configuration will be described with reference to FIGS. As the accuracy requirement information D1b in the component data D1 of FIG. 1, when the accuracy requirement is “necessary” for each side, the central portion WS excluding the peripheral portion WE of the plate material W as shown in FIG. The component Wa is disposed on the surface.

3A, as the accuracy requirement information D1b (FIG. 1), when the accuracy requirement is “unnecessary” for the left side, the component Wa of the component Wa as shown in FIG. It arrange | positions so that the left side may be located in the peripheral part WE of the board | plate material W. FIG. Although not necessarily arranged in the peripheral portion WE, the arrangement in the peripheral portion WE as shown in FIG. 3B is selected according to the criterion such as the maximum yield in the principle criterion S1.
As described above, since the arrangement is performed on the peripheral portion WE when the accuracy requirement allows, the yield can be improved while ensuring the necessary accuracy.

When the end portion placement reference S2 is applied, the positioning side placement reference S3 must also be satisfied, and only the left side on the end locator 9 side and the rear side on the work holder 8 side are allowed to be placed on the peripheral portion WE. It is. Therefore, even if the accuracy requirement “unnecessary” is specified for the right side as the accuracy requirement information D1b, the component Wa cannot be disposed so as to be applied to the peripheral portion WE on the right side of the plate member W.
The plate material peripheral portion WE on the positioning means side is positioned on the plate material processing machine 3 by the positioning means (end locator 9 and work holder 8). 1 is arranged with relatively high accuracy. Therefore, the component placement unit 22 performs component placement on the plate member peripheral portion WE on the positioning unit side, so that the component Wa whose placement is determined by the component placement unit 22 even if the dimensional accuracy of the plate member W is poor. However, it does not protrude from the plate material W to the periphery on the plate material processing machine 3, and can be reliably arranged.

  If the accuracy requirement is “unnecessary” for the right side, the transposition reference S4 is applied, and in this case, as shown in FIG. 3C, the component Wa is transposed so as to be opposite in the left-right direction. The Thus, by allowing the transposition, the yield can be further improved. Whether or not to permit transposition is given as information on whether or not transposition is permitted, for example, as attribute data of the component data D1, and is transposed only when there is “permitted” information. When transposition is impossible, it arrange | positions to center part WS like FIG. 1 (A).

  Also, when attribute information of the component data D1 indicates board material side usage information such as “use board material side” or “use board material side available”, the usage data S1 according to the board material side usage standard S5 is used. As described above, the component Wa is arranged so that the side of the component Wa overlaps the side of the plate material W. That is, for the overlapping side of the part Wa, the side of the plate material W that is the material is used as it is, and the processing for the overlapping side is omitted. Thereby, in addition to the yield improvement, the processing efficiency can be improved by reducing the number of processing steps.

For example, conventionally, as shown in FIG. 5, for example, three sides of the component Wa are punched out by punching or the like, and the cutting is performed by cutting the cutting line S with a shearing machine or the like. In some cases, however, the cutting process by such a shearing machine is reduced according to the above-described utilization standard S5 for the plate material side.
In addition, about utilization of board | plate material edge utilization standard S5, it is made to employ | adopt after satisfying positioning side arrangement | positioning reference | standard S3. Thereby, the precision of the component Wa is ensured.

It is a block diagram which shows the conceptual structure of the automatic programming apparatus provided with the automatic nesting apparatus concerning one Embodiment of this invention. It is a top view of an example of the board | plate material processing machine to which the same automatic nesting apparatus is applied. It is explanatory drawing of an example of a process of the automatic nesting apparatus. It is explanatory drawing of the other example of a process of the automatic nesting apparatus. It is explanatory drawing of the example of a conventional process compared with the process of FIG. (A) is a perspective view which shows an example of the board | plate material component by which the bending process which has the edge | side which does not require the precision of the past was performed, (B) is the expanded view.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Automatic nesting apparatus 2 ... Automatic programming apparatus 3 ... Plate material processing machine
21 ... Part data registration means 22 ... Part placement means 23 ... Predetermined reference D1 ... Part data D1a ... Part figure data D1b ... Accuracy requirement information G ... Part figure P ... Processing position S1 ... Principle standard S2 ... End placement permission reference S3 ... Positioning side arrangement reference S4 ... Transposition reference S5 ... Sheet material side utilization standard W ... Plate material WE ... Peripheral part WS ... Central part Wa ... Parts

Claims (1)

  An automatic nesting apparatus applied to a plate material processing machine, wherein component data storage means for storing component data, which is data indicating a figure of a component cut out from a plate material, and the component data component in principle according to a predetermined standard Component placement means arranged in a central portion excluding the peripheral portion of the plate material, and the component data storage means stores accuracy requirement information of the end of the component as attribute data of the component data. The automatic nesting device according to claim 1, wherein the arrangement means permits the arrangement of the plate material on the peripheral portion against the principle when it is permitted in accordance with the accuracy requirement information.

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