JP4392508B2 - Natural convection underfloor heating and ventilation system - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a natural convection type underfloor heating and ventilation system for performing ventilation and heating of a building excellent in heat insulation and airtightness by using convection motion generated from a temperature difference of air.

  The ventilation of the building is to exchange the air inside the building and the air outside the building to purify the air inside the building and to adjust the humidity, to make the living environment comfortable and to damp and dry the building. There are effects such as protecting from. As a general ventilation method, there are a method of opening a window to create an air flow, and a method of communicating the inside and outside of a building with a vent or a ventilation fan.

  On the other hand, heating is performed in order to increase the temperature in a building and make indoor life comfortable in a cold region. Conventionally, heating equipment such as an oil stove is installed in each room to warm the room. In order to quickly warm the inside of the building and maintain the temperature, a building having excellent heat insulation and airtightness is desired so that warm air does not escape outside the building.

  That is, ventilation is an act of exchanging with the outside air, and heating is an act of shutting off the outside air, so the building structure required for ventilation and warm air conflicts, so to combine the ventilation and heating equipment, A well-balanced structural device is essential. When the structural balance between ventilation and heating is lost, ventilation efficiency and heating efficiency are deteriorated.

  In recent years, natural convection type underfloor heating has been used as a heating and ventilation system for buildings that simultaneously perform ventilation and heating, in which air taken in from outside the building is preheated in the space under the floor and the air is circulated through the building using convection motion of air. A ventilation system has been proposed.

  For example, in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11-193936, an underfloor space in a sealed / insulated state, an air supply portion that supplies air to the underfloor space from outside the building, a heating device provided in the air supply portion, A floor material provided with a number of through holes communicating with the floor, heats the air supplied to the space under the floor, supplies the warm air through the holes to the room, and passes through all the rooms by a ventilation fan. An underfloor heating apparatus that is discharged outdoors has been proposed (Patent Document 1). According to the present invention, all the rooms in the building are heated and ventilated to provide a comfortable living space.

  Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2006-266575 discloses an underfloor space formed by a heat insulating foundation and a heat exchange pipe that is embedded in the ground and has one end opened in the underfloor space and the other end opened outside the building. In addition, there has been proposed a geothermal-use house having a ventilator that sends warm air from the underfloor space to the upper floor space and an air supply device that sends warm air to the upper floor (Patent Document 2). According to the present invention, air passing through the heat exchange pipe is warmed by geothermal heat and accumulated as warm air in the underfloor space. And it is said that the cold of winter can be relieved, reducing the air-conditioning load of heating by making the warm air convection in a building with a ventilator and an air supply device.

  Furthermore, in JP 2007-56649 A, an underfloor space formed by a basic heat insulating portion, a soil heat insulating portion, and a heat storage concrete, a heat radiating means provided inside the heat storage concrete, and the outside of the building and the underfloor space are communicated. The outer wall / underfloor air inlet, the wall / exhaust vent communicating between the outside of the building and the room, the ventilation space provided between the outer wall and the heat insulating material, and the room as the ventilation space and the living space are communicated. A house that has a ventilation space, indoor air inlet, and a ventilation fan installed in the attic space such as the back of the ceiling, where air warmed by heat storage concrete is exhausted outside the building through the ventilation space as well as the room A heating / ventilating structure has been proposed (Patent Document 3). According to the present invention, the indoor space can be warmed, cleaned with fresh air, and hygienic.

JP 11-193936 A JP 2006-266575 A JP 2007-56649 A

  However, in the inventions described in Patent Document 1 to Patent Document 3, when heating is considered, warm air is discharged to the outdoors more and more, so there is a problem that the running cost of the heating device increases.

  Moreover, in the invention described in patent document 2, there exists a problem that the cost for moving a ventilation apparatus starts. In addition, when a ventilation fan or the like is used for the ventilator, ventilation sound becomes a problem when performing continuous ventilation.

  Furthermore, in the invention described in Patent Document 3, since the heat storage type heating appliance gradually dissipates the heat stored as a characteristic, it is difficult to adjust the temperature of the heat dissipation in real time. Therefore, a method of adjusting the ventilation amount of warm air can be considered, but there is a problem that if the outlet is closed, the flow of warm air stops and ventilation cannot be performed.

  In addition, the natural convection type underfloor heating and ventilation system theoretically proposes an architectural structure to provide a very comfortable space with warmth by creating a gentle warm air flow in the room while maintaining constant ventilation. However, in actual sites, adjustment of ventilation and warm air flow and control of room temperature are very delicate and difficult. For this reason, the benefits of the original natural convection type underfloor heating and ventilation system are fully utilized, such as by preparing a separate heater or forcing convection in an actual house to eliminate temperature unevenness or temperature control. There is no current situation.

  The present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and always maintains the ventilation of the building by natural convection without forced convection, and at the same time, controls the circulation amount of warm air and adjusts the room temperature. An object of the present invention is to provide a natural convection type underfloor heating / ventilation system that can be controlled arbitrarily to eliminate temperature unevenness.

  The natural convection type underfloor heating and ventilation system according to the present invention is characterized by an underfloor space in which the underfloor of the building is fundamentally insulated, an air supply means for supplying outside air to the underfloor space, and the underfloor space installed in the underfloor space. A heat storage and heating device that warms the supplied outside air and circulating air, a blow-off opening that blows the warm air warmed by the heat storage and heating device to the living space on the floor, and a building from the raised living space provided on the roof of the building Exhaust means for discharging a part of the warm air to the outside, a return opening for returning the warm air around the living space to the underfloor space, and an increase / decrease control of the amount of air returning from the return opening to the underfloor Thus, there is a return air amount control means for adjusting the amount of warm air blown out from the blowout opening.

  Moreover, in this invention, it is preferable that the said return air quantity control means controls the return air quantity to the under floor by carrying out increase / decrease control of the opening area of the said return opening part.

  Furthermore, in the present invention, the return opening is preferably provided in one or two locations in the vicinity of the air supply means.

  Furthermore, in the present invention, an air passage that circulates the air formed inside the partition wall and the ceiling pocket, and an air supply opening in the wall that is formed in the partition wall so as to send warm air from the underfloor space to the air passage And an in-wall return opening formed in another partition wall in order to return warm air from the air passage to the underfloor space, and the in-wall air supply opening in the vicinity of the heat storage and heating device. It is preferable to provide the return opening in the wall in the vicinity of the air supply means.

  According to the present invention, under-floor heating in the original sense that room temperature irregularity and forced convection can be eliminated by facilitating adjustment control of the room temperature by controlling the circulation rate of warm air while continuing ventilation of the building at all times. A ventilation system can be realized.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of a natural convection type underfloor heating and ventilation system 1 according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a building 10 using a natural convection type underfloor heating and ventilation system 1 and a diagram showing an air flow in the building 10.

  The natural convection type underfloor heating and ventilation system 1 includes an underfloor space 2 in which the underfloor of the building 10 is basically insulated, an air supply means 3 for supplying outside air to the underfloor space 2, and an underfloor space 2 installed in the underfloor space 2. A regenerative heating device 4 that warms the supplied outside air and circulating air, a blowout opening 6 that blows the warmed air heated by the regenerative heating device 4 into the living space 5 on the floor, and a roof 11 of the building 10 and rises. The exhaust means 7 for discharging part of the warm air from the living space 5 to the outside of the building 10, the return opening 8 for returning the warm air around the living space 5 to the underfloor space 2, and the return opening 8 The return air amount control means 81 that adjusts the amount of warm air blown out from the outlet opening 6 by controlling the increase and decrease of the amount of air returning to the floor, and the air formed inside the partition wall 12 and the ceiling pocket 13 are circulated. Warm air is returned to the underfloor space 2 from the air passage 9, an in-wall air supply opening 91 formed in the partition wall 12 for sending warm air from the underfloor space 2 to the air passage 9, and the air passage 9. For this purpose, it is composed of an intra-wall return opening 92 formed in the other partition wall 12.

  Hereinafter, each component will be described in more detail.

  The underfloor space 2 is an air heating place for warming the outside air taken in from outside and the circulating air circulating in the building 10 and sending it to the living space 5. is there. As shown in FIG. 1, the underfloor space 2 is a space formed between the foundation 21 of the building 10 and the underfloor. The foundation 21 is formed by placing concrete and is formed as a continuous foundation so that air can be freely moved to the underfloor space 2 of each room on the first floor that requires heating and ventilation. Moreover, while improving airtightness with the exterior of the building 10, heat insulating materials, such as a foamed plastic heat insulating material, are provided and the heat insulation process is performed. The underfloor space 2 is provided with an air supply means 3 and a heat storage / heating device 4.

  The air supply means 3 is for supplying outside air to the underfloor space 2 using convection motion generated from the temperature difference of air inside and outside the building 10. The air supply means 3 in this embodiment arrange | positions the open end part of the circular pipe made from a vinyl chloride in the building 10 exterior and the underfloor space 2, and is making it communicate. The air supply inlet 31 provided outside the building 10 is provided avoiding a place where a pollutant such as exhaust gas from an automobile is directly supplied. The air supply outlet 32 is opened at a position lower than the air supply inlet 31.

  The air supply means 3 is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and a blower (not shown) such as a ventilation fan may be provided. According to this, the convection motion is weak and a necessary amount of outside air is supplied. If it is not possible, it can be forcibly supplied. Further, as shown in FIG. 2, a part of the air supply means 3 may be buried underground and the supplied outside air may be led to an arbitrary position in the underfloor space 2 or may be preheated using geothermal heat. Alternatively, the air supply inlet 31 may be opened downward toward the ground in order to prevent rainwater or fallen leaves from entering and causing clogging.

  The heat storage and heating device 4 is for warming the outside air supplied to the underfloor space 2 by the air supply means 3 and the circulating air that circulates in the living space 5 and returns to the underfloor space 2. In this embodiment, the regenerative heating appliance 4 that heats the surrounding air by dissipating the amount of heat that has been stored using the power generated by the solar power generation system 41 or inexpensive late-night power is used for the regenerative heating device 4. It is done. Moreover, although the said thermal storage heating apparatus 4 may be arrange | positioned in the arbitrary positions of the underfloor space 2, it is directly under the blower opening part 6 provided under the window 15 of the first floor, its vicinity, and the in-wall air supply opening part 91. It is more preferable from the point of room temperature adjustment to arrange | position in the right under the vicinity or its vicinity. Furthermore, it is preferable to provide the heat storage and heating device 4 at a position away from the air supply outlet 32 of the air supply means 3 in order to make the underfloor space 2 have a temperature difference and activate the convection motion. In addition, it may replace with the heat storage heating apparatus 4 according to a resident's request, and you may make it arrange | position the heating apparatus by other heat sources, such as a kerosene stove, a gas stove, a heat pump, and a fuel cell, in the underfloor space 2.

  The blow-out opening 6 is a blow-out opening through which the warm air heated by the heat storage and heating device 4 is blown out naturally from the underfloor space 2 to the residential space 5 on the floor by convection motion generated by a temperature difference. The blowout opening 6 is formed on the floor surface 14 on the first floor, and communicates the underfloor space 2 and the living space 5. Further, the blowout opening 6 is provided with a cover such as a slat so that an object does not fall into the underfloor space 2 or a person is caught. Further, the blowout opening 6 is provided under the window 15 on the first floor, thereby generating an updraft on the window side and preventing a cold airflow (cold draft) descending from the window 15 from occurring. In addition, you may provide the blowing opening part 6 in multiple places according to the number of rooms.

  The exhaust means 7 is for exhausting a part of the warm air that has risen due to the convection motion out of the building 10, thereby smoothly taking in the outside air by the air supply means 3 and continuously ventilating continuously. . For the exhaust means 7, for example, an exhaust tower 71 having a heat insulating structure described in JP-A No. 2002-121833 is used. In the present embodiment, the exhaust tower 71 is provided on the roof 11 of the building 10 and communicates with an exhaust port 72 opened in the ceiling 18 of the living space 5.

  The return opening 8 is for returning the air that has circulated inside the building 10 without being discharged out of the building 10 by the exhaust means 7 to the underfloor space 2. Similar to the blowout opening 6, the return opening 8 is opened to communicate the underfloor space 2 and the living space 5, and a slat or the like is attached thereto. The return openings 8 are preferably provided in one or two places on the floor or wall near the air supply means 3 in the underfloor space 2 and are relatively cold in the building 10 such as the entrance or under the stairs in the living space 5. It is better to provide it. By providing it in the vicinity of the air supply means 3 and at a low temperature in the building 10, warm air convection can be performed more smoothly. In addition, air can be circulated by centrally installing it in one or two locations. If the return openings 8 are distributed and provided, air may blow up from the return openings 8 and warm air does not convection smoothly. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the return opening 8 is provided on the wall below the stairway 16 in the hallway and directly above the air supply means 3.

  The return air amount control means 81 is for adjusting the amount of warm air blown out from the blowout opening 6 by increasing or decreasing the amount of air returning from the return opening 8 to the underfloor space 2. As a method of increasing / decreasing the amount of air to return, a method of increasing / decreasing the opening area is conceivable, but other methods such as a method of entering / exiting a member that obstructs the return of air can be appropriately selected. In the present embodiment, the opening area of the regression opening 8 is controlled to increase or decrease. As an increase / decrease control method of the opening area, any of manual and automatic methods may be used.For example, the cover of the slat may be replaced with a cover having a different gap interval, or a cover that does not allow air to flow over the slat may be covered. It may be manual, or a device that installs a temperature sensor (not shown) at an appropriate position in the living space 5 such as a living room and automatically opens and closes the return opening 8 according to the temperature sensor value. It may be provided.

  In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, two plate-like opening control plates 82 and 83 each having a plurality of slits formed in the return opening 8 are prepared, and one is fixed on the front side and fixed opening control is performed. A variable opening control plate 83 was obtained by attaching the other plate to the back side by several centimeters so as to be variable in the horizontal direction. Then, as shown in FIG. 3A, a thermo stud valve 84 is attached at substantially the center vertical position of the variable opening control plate 83. The thermo stud valve 84 has a function of opening and closing the valve when the set temperature is reached. When the return air passes through the slits of the fixed opening control plate 82 and the variable opening control plate 83 and returns to the underfloor space 2, the variable opening control plate 83 is moved horizontally and fixed in accordance with the opening / closing operation of the thermostud valve 84. The slit width of the opening control plate 82 is controlled in size so as to control the amount of return air that can pass through the slit. In addition, it is preferable to prepare several types of thermo stud valves 84 according to the setting of the room temperature.

  Further, the air passage 9 formed inside the partition wall 12 and the ceiling pocket 13 circulates warm air through the partition wall 12 and the ceiling pocket 13 as shown in FIG. The living space 5 is warmed by radiant heat. In the partition wall 13, an in-wall air supply opening 91 is formed in order to send warm air from the underfloor space 2 to the air passage 9. The second floor is also formed with a blow-off opening 6 made of louvers or the like, and the warm air in the ventilation passage 9 of the ceiling pocket 13 is blown into the second-floor living space 5. As shown in FIG. 1, the ventilation passage 9 of the ceiling pocket 13 is communicated with the other partition wall 12, and an in-wall return opening 92 connected to the underfloor space 2 is provided at the lower portion of the partition wall 12 for circulation. May be. The in-wall air supply opening 91 is preferably provided in the vicinity of the heat storage and heating device 4, particularly directly above, and the in-wall return opening 92 is a collection of cold air in the vicinity of the air supply means 3 or under the window 15. It is preferable to provide in an easy place.

  A ventilation hole 19 connected to the ventilation passage 9 of the ceiling pocket 13 is provided in the ceiling 18 of the first-floor living space 5. This ventilation hole 19 is for guiding the warm air which entered the 1st-floor living space 5 from the blowing opening part to the 2nd floor.

  Next, the operation of the natural convection type underfloor heating / ventilation system 1 in the present embodiment will be described while showing the air flow with reference to FIG. In addition, in FIG. 1, the flow of air is shown by the arrow line.

  First, in the supply means 3, since the temperature of the underfloor space 2 is higher than the temperature of the outside air, and the air supply outlet 32 is provided at a position lower than the air supply inlet 31, convection due to density difference occurs, and a ventilation fan or the like. It flows into the underfloor space 2 without using the power of. The outside air that has flowed in or the circulating air that has circulated through the building 10 flows toward the heat storage and heating device 4 in which a rising airflow is generated and the pressure is low.

  The heat storage and heating device 4 radiates the amount of heat that has been stored, thereby warming the surrounding air and lowering the density to generate an upward air flow. The ascending air current is blown out as warm air from the blowout opening 6 to the living space 5 and is also sent into the ventilation path 9 formed in the partition wall 12 from the in-wall air supply opening 91. Incidentally, the heat storage and heating device 4 can store the heat by the electric power generated by the solar power generation system 41 or the low-cost electric power at midnight, so that the running cost can be extremely suppressed. Furthermore, compared to a heating system that uses kerosene or the like, it can be used safely and securely because there is no risk of fire.

  The warm air blown out from the blow-out opening 6 rises while warming the living space 5 on the first floor, and passes through the vents 19 provided in the ceiling 18 and the like through the partition wall 12 and the ventilation passage 9 of the ceiling pocket 13 to the second floor. It blows out from the blow-off opening 6 provided on the floor of the floor toward the ceiling 18 on the second floor. After that, if there is a third floor, warm air is sent in by the same structure. Then, the ceiling 18 of one of the rooms is opened so as to reach the loft 17 made of the roof, and the warm air is moved along the ceiling 18 of the loft 17, and part of the warm air is part of the living space 5 and the building. Due to the density difference from the outside, the exhaust tower 71 is discharged to the outside. The exhaust tower 71 has a heat insulating structure, and suppresses heat discharge as much as possible even if air is ventilated. At this time, if the airtightness of the building 10 is high, the amount of air in the building 10 is kept constant, so that an amount equal to the cold air supplied by the air supply means 3 is discharged from the exhaust tower 71 to the outside of the building. Is done.

  Due to the warm air flow as described above, the warm air spreads to all the rooms of the living space 5, and the entire building 10 is heated and ventilated in natural convection. In addition, by providing the blowout opening 6 in the vicinity of the window 15 and generating an ascending air current, a cold draft can be suppressed and a comfortable living space that is warm to the feet can be obtained.

  On the other hand, the temperature of the warm air in the vicinity of the ceiling 18 becomes lower than the warm air blown out from the blowout opening 6 due to cold air or radiant heat from the ceiling 18, the outer wall, the window 15, or the like cooled by the outside air. According to experiments, in the case of a two-story house, it is about 2 ° C lower. As a result, the air becomes heavy and a downdraft is generated. Then, the building 10 descends to a lower temperature entrance or under the stairs 16.

Since the return opening 8 is provided in the vicinity of the air supply outlet 32 of the air supply means 3, the air in the underfloor space 2 has a lower temperature and a higher air density than the air in the living space 5. Further, since warm air is blown out from the vicinity of the blowout opening 6 , the pressure in the underfloor space 2 is negative compared to the pressure in the living space 5. In addition, since the return openings 8 of the present embodiment are concentrated at one or two places, the return air is always collected and returned to the underfloor space 2 without being dispersed.

  As described above, air circulates in the building 10 by convection motion and is appropriately exchanged with the outside air, so that a gentle warm air flow can be created in the room while always maintaining ventilation.

  In addition, conventionally, a heat storage type heating device has a difficulty in that real-time control and feedback control are difficult because the heat dissipation continues even when the main power is turned off, and the reaction speed to temperature control is slow. . Therefore, in the natural convection type underfloor heating and ventilation system 1 of the present embodiment, the return air amount control means 81 controls the amount of warm air blown from the blowout opening, that is, the amount of heat is transported from the underfloor space 2 to the living space 5. The temperature of the heating is adjusted by adjusting the amount of heating.

  FIG. 4 is a conceptual diagram showing the air flow when the return opening 8 is completely open. As shown in FIG. 4, for example, when the amount of air of “100” is taken in from the air supply means 3 and the warm air warmed by the heat storage heating device 4, the amount of circulating air of “500” blows out from the outlet opening 6. Assume that In the case of a highly airtight building 10, the same amount of air “100” as the incoming cold air is discharged from the exhaust means 7. Then, the remaining air amount “400” returns from the return opening 8 to the underfloor space 2.

  On the other hand, FIG. 5 is a conceptual diagram showing the air flow when the return opening 8 is completely closed. As in FIG. 5, “100” cold air is taken in from the air supply means 3. Further, since the building 10 is highly airtight, the same amount of air “100” as the taken-in cold air is discharged from the exhaust means 7. Therefore, the blowout amount blown out from the blowout opening 6 is “100”, which is half that when the return opening 8 is completely opened.

  That is, the natural convection type underfloor heating / ventilation system 1 according to the present embodiment controls the amount of air blown out from the outlet opening 6 by controlling the opening area of the return opening 8 without reducing the amount of ventilation, so that the temperature can be adjusted. It is a revolutionary heating and ventilation system.

  As a method for controlling the amount of warm air blown out, a method of providing an apparatus for controlling the opening area of the blowout opening 6 in the same manner as the return opening 8 can be considered. However, if the blowout opening 6 is closed, ventilation becomes impossible, which is meaningless. Moreover, since warm air accumulates more than necessary in the underfloor space, the temperature on the first floor does not necessarily drop effectively. Furthermore, since a plurality of blowout openings 6 are provided, warm air may blow out from other blowout openings 6 or blow out from the return openings 8, making it difficult to control the amount of blowout. Therefore, in order to control the amount of circulating air, it is preferable to control at the return opening 8.

  Moreover, when the living space 5 is warmed by the radiant heat from the partition wall 12 or the ceiling 18 by circulating warm air through the partition wall 12 and the ceiling pocket 13 like the living space 5 in the center of the first floor shown in FIG. The warm air heated by the heat storage and heating device 4 is sent to the air passage 9 from the in-wall air supply opening 91 formed in the partition wall 12, and the air passage 9 of the other partition wall 12 through the ceiling pocket 13. To return to the floor from the in-wall return opening 92. At this time, the warm air that has passed warms the living space 5 with its radiant heat by warming the wall or ceiling. This heating by radiant heat is not a method of sending air directly into the living space 5, so there is no unpleasant feeling that the hot air directly hits the human body. Radiant heat can also warm the human body from the core and create a comfortable temperature environment.

According to the present embodiment as described above, the following effects can be obtained.
1. The temperature can be adjusted in real time without reducing the ventilation volume.
2. It is not necessary to place the heat storage and heating device 4 in each room, and the living space 5 can be used widely. Furthermore, the initial cost of the building 10 can be reduced.
3. Running costs can also be suppressed by storing heat in the heat storage and heating device 4 using electric power from the solar power generation system 41 or inexpensive late-night electric power.
4). Because it does not require power from a ventilator, it is quiet and economical.
5). The human body can be heated from the core by the radiant heat from the partition wall 12 and the ceiling pocket 13.

  Next, examples of the present invention will be described. In the first embodiment, a two-story house in which the natural convection type underfloor heating / ventilation system 1 is introduced is constructed, and the warm air speed blown out from the blowout opening 6 by the opening area control of the return opening 8 is discharged from the exhaust port. The experiment was conducted to measure the exhaust air speed and the temperature of each space, and confirm the effects of heating and ventilation by the return air amount control means 81. This experiment was conducted under the guidance of the Hokkaido Northern Architecture Research Institute, and the data described below was compiled based on the analysis results of the laboratory.

FIG. 6 is a floor plan of a house used in the experiment. Total floor area is a wooden building of two-story 4LDK of 132m ^2, living-dining, a blow-connecting the ceiling and the entrance has been built. As shown in FIG. 6A, the air supply means 3 is provided with an air supply inlet 31 on the outer wall and a variable air supply outlet 32 in the underfloor space 2 via a pipe laid under the entrance. In addition, the heat storage and heating device 4 is installed near the bottom of the window 15 in the underfloor space 2 of the living dining room. A blow-off opening 6 is opened on the floor surface directly below the heat storage heating device 4 and below the window. Further, the return opening 8 is opened on the floor near the entrance and the stairs and is connected to the vicinity of the air supply outlet 32. The flow of warm air in such a house mainly enters the living dining room from the underfloor space 2 through the blowout opening 6, rises and passes through the blowout, and a part from the exhaust means 7 provided on the ceiling 18 to the building 10. The air is exhausted to the outside, and the rest returns to the underfloor space 2 through a return opening 8 provided at the entrance.

  The experiment of Example 1 was conducted after 7 pm when the outside air temperature became almost constant. The return opening 8 was closed for 15 minutes from 7:15 pm, and the wind speed and the temperature of each space were measured for 1 hour from 7:00 pm. As shown in FIGS. 6 (a) and 6 (b), the wind speed is blown from the blowing opening 6 provided in the vicinity of the window 15 of the Japanese-style room and at the exhaust port 72 of the exhaust means 7 attached to the ceiling 18. The exhaust wind speed was measured. Further, the temperature was measured in the Japanese-style room, the under-floor space 2 under the Japanese-style room, and the outside of the building 10 in the living space 5.

FIG. 7 is a table summarizing measurement results every 5 minutes. As shown in FIG. 7, the outside air temperature during the experiment was 2.5 ° C. to 3 ° C., and the temperature of the underfloor space 2 was around 25 ° C. The Japanese room temperature at 7:15 pm immediately before closing the return opening 8 was 28.6 ° C., the blowing air speed was 0.34 m / s, the blowing air volume was 62.06 m ³ / h, and the blowing temperature was 37.3 ° C. there were.

  Thereafter, at 7:20 pm, 5 minutes after closing the return opening 8, the blowing wind speed decreased to 0.18 m / s, and after about 10 to 15 minutes it became about 0.1 m / s. It became a state close to no wind. And at 7:40 pm 10 minutes after the re-opening, the speed reached 0.3 m / s, and the speed almost recovered before closing.

  On the other hand, the Japanese room temperature 5 minutes after closing the return opening 8 rose to 32.1 ° C. This is because the change in temperature was slower than the change in the blown wind speed, so the effect at the time of opening remained. The temperature became 28.4 ° C. 10 minutes after closing and dropped to 26.8 ° C. after 15 minutes. And 10 minutes after reopening, it rose to 27.7 ° C. at 7:40 pm, and after 15 minutes it recovered to 30.4 ° C., almost the temperature before closing. Therefore, it can be seen that the room temperature can be adjusted quickly and appropriately according to the opening / closing control of the return opening 8.

  Moreover, although the blowing temperature was 37 degreeC at 7:25 pm at the time of closing, it fell to 33.1 degreeC five minutes later. This is because the air warmed by the regenerative heating device 4 at the time of opening and immediately after closing contains circulating air, but only the cool air taken in by the air supply means 3 when the time elapses after closing, and the rise of the blowing temperature It seems that this is because of the suppression. Therefore, it was found that the closing affects not only the amount of blowout but also the blowout temperature.

Further, the exhaust state by the exhaust means 3 was measured. As shown in FIG. 7, the exhaust air velocity and the exhaust air amount at the exhaust port 72 when the return opening 8 was closed and opened were measured. As a result, the exhaust air velocity at the exhaust port 72 after 1.2 minutes from closing the return opening 8 was 1.21 m / s, and the air volume was 107.16 m ³ / h. On the other hand, the exhaust air velocity at the exhaust port 72 after 15 minutes from the opening of the return opening 8 was 1.19 m / s, and the air volume was 105.39 m ³ / h. That is, even if the amount of blowout from the blowout opening 6 is increased or decreased by opening / closing control of the return opening 8, the wind speed and volume exhausted from the exhaust means 7 are not substantially changed, and the building 10 is always ventilated. I understand.

  FIG. 8 is a graph showing the amount of heat supplied from the underfloor space 2 to the living space 5 estimated from the measurement results of the blowing air speed, the blowing temperature, and the room temperature shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 8, the amount of heat at the time of closing is estimated to be 1/4 to 1/3 times the amount of heat supplied at the time of opening, and it is considered that the room temperature can be adjusted quickly.

  As described above, the natural convection type underfloor heating / ventilation system 1 can perform ventilation and heating at the same time by the experiment of the first embodiment, and by controlling the opening area of the return opening 8, the blowing wind speed and the heat supply amount are controlled. It was confirmed that the room temperature can be controlled and the room temperature can be adjusted.

  Next, Example 2 will be described. In the second embodiment, in the same building 10 where the experiment was performed in the first embodiment, temperature fluctuation due to opening and closing of the return opening 8 between the underfloor space 2 and the living space (Japanese room) 5 on a different day from the first embodiment is measured. did. Unlike Example 1, the return opening 8 was closed during the day, and was opened during the time period from about 9:15 pm to about 0:20 am the next day.

  FIG. 9 is a line graph showing the temperature measurement results of the underfloor space 2 and the living space 5 obtained by the experiment in the second embodiment. The horizontal axis of FIG. 9 shows the time from about 7 pm to about 2 am on the next day on the experiment day of Example 2, and the vertical axis shows the measured temperatures of the underfloor space 2 and the living space 5. Show.

  As shown in FIG. 9, the temperature of the underfloor space 2 is maintained at about 22 ° C. until about 9:15 pm when the return opening 8 is closed. The temperature of the underfloor space 2 decreases when the return opening 8 is opened, and decreases to about 21.5 ° C. at about 11:15 pm about 2 hours after the opening, and then the return opening 8 The temperature was maintained until the mouth closed. And when the regression opening part 8 was closed again, the temperature of the underfloor space 2 rose to near 22 degreeC.

  On the other hand, the temperature of the living space 5 gradually decreased with the decrease in the outside air temperature until about 9:15 pm when the return opening 8 was closed, but when the return opening 8 was opened. Since warm air flows from the underfloor space 2, the temperature rose to about 23 ° C. in about 10 minutes, and was stably maintained between 23 and 24 ° C. thereafter. And when the regression opening part 8 was closed, temperature fell gradually and it stabilized between 22-23 degreeC.

  As described above, according to the experiment of the second embodiment, the amount of heat stored in the underfloor space 2 only by natural convection is transferred to the living space 5 without using power such as a blower by closing and opening the return opening 8. It was confirmed that the temperature could be quickly adjusted.

  Next, Example 3 will be described. In the third embodiment, the same building 10 as that used in the first and second embodiments is used, and the underfloor space 2 and the living space 5 when the return opening 8 is opened and closed for two days. And the temperature was measured. The experiment on the first day started from around 7 am, and the return opening 8 was “open”. On the other hand, the experiment on the second day was started from around 7:00 am, the return opening 8 was “opened”, “closed” after about 7:00 pm, and the subsequent temperature difference was measured.

  FIG. 10 shows the experimental results of the third embodiment, and is a line graph showing the temperature difference between the underfloor space 2 and the living space 5. The horizontal axis of FIG. 10 shows the time from about 5:30 pm to about 12:00 midnight on that day on each experimental day of Example 3, and the vertical axis represents the measured underfloor space 2 and living space 5. The temperature difference is shown.

  As shown in FIG. 10, the temperature difference between the underfloor space 2 and the living space 5 is about 1.8 ° C. around 5:30 pm on the first day when the return opening 8 is opened all day. On the other hand, it gradually decreased with the passage of time and reached about 0.8 ° C around 11:30 pm. This result shows that until the evening, the living space 5 is slightly warmer than the underfloor space 2 due to the influence of sunlight and outside temperature, but when those influences subside at night, the living space 5 is supplied from the underfloor space 2 It is thought that the temperature difference between the two was reduced by air.

  On the other hand, on the second day when the return opening 8 was closed around 7 pm, the temperature difference between the underfloor space 2 and the living space 5 was about 1.5 ° C. before the return opening 8 was closed. However, when the regression opening 8 is closed, the temperature difference rapidly increases, and after about 20 minutes, the temperature difference opens to about 2.2 ° C., and thereafter, about 1.5 to 2.0 ° C. over time. It became a range.

  As described above, according to the experiment of the third embodiment, when the return opening 8 is opened, heat is rapidly supplied from the underfloor space 2 to the living space 5 and the inside of the living space 5 is evenly heated. Was confirmed to be smaller. On the other hand, when the regression opening 8 was closed, it was confirmed that the temperature difference between the underfloor space 2 and the living space 5 was about 1.5 to 2.0 ° C. That is, when the temperature difference between the underfloor space 2 that is the power source of the automatic convection type underfloor heating and ventilation system 1 according to the present invention and the inside of the building is reduced by continuously opening the regression opening 8, the convection flow is naturally reduced. As a result, the heat supply amount can be automatically adjusted.

  In addition, the natural convection type underfloor heating / ventilation system 1 according to the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and can be appropriately changed.

  For example, the heat storage and heating device 4 may be provided in the underfloor space 2 in the vicinity of the blowout opening 6 of the heat dissipation unit, and the apparatus main body can be provided outside the building 10 or in any underfloor space 2. Moreover, a heat radiating part can be provided in arbitrary places by being connected with a duct etc. in the position lower than the blowing opening part 6. FIG.

It is a building sectional view showing an embodiment of a natural convection type underfloor heating ventilation system and air flow according to the present invention. It is sectional drawing which shows other embodiment of the air supply means which concerns on this invention. It is (a) front view, (b) right view, (c) top view of the return air quantity control means in this embodiment. In this embodiment, it is the conceptual diagram which showed the flow of the air when the regression opening part is opening completely. In this embodiment, it is the conceptual diagram which showed the flow of the air when the regression opening part is completely closed. It is a floor plan of the house used for the experiment concerning Example 1, (a) sectional view, (b) 1st floor plan, (c) 2nd floor plan. It is the table | surface which put together the measured value of the temperature for every measurement time in Example 1, a wind speed, and an air volume. It is the bar graph which put together the heat supply amount supplied to the living space from the underfloor space for every measurement time in Example 1. FIG. It is a line graph showing the temperature of underfloor space and living space for every measurement time in Example 2. It is a line graph showing the temperature difference of the underfloor space and living space for every measurement time in Example 3.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Natural convection type underfloor heating ventilation system 10 Building 11 Roof 12 Partition wall 13 Ceiling pocket 14 Floor, floor surface 15 Window 16 Stairs 17 Loft 18 Ceiling 19 Ventilation path 2 Underfloor space 21 Foundation 22 Heat insulating material 3 Air supply means 31 Air supply inlet 32 Air supply outlet 4 Heat storage and heating device 41 Photovoltaic power generation system 5 Living space 6 Blowing opening 7 Exhaust means 71 Exhaust tower 72 Exhaust outlet 8 Return opening 81 Return air amount control means 9 Air passage 91 Inlet air supply opening 92 In-wall return opening

Claims (4)

A natural convection underfloor heating and ventilation system for ventilating and heating a building having excellent heat insulation and airtightness by using convection motion generated from a temperature difference of air,
Underfloor space with basic insulation of the underfloor of the building,
An air supply means for supplying outside air to the underfloor space;
A heat storage and heating device that is installed in the underfloor space and heats outside air and circulating air supplied to the underfloor space;
A blow-off opening that blows out the warm air heated by the heat storage and heating device to the living space on the floor;
Exhaust means for discharging a part of the warm air out of the building from the raised living space provided on the roof of the building;
A return opening for returning warm air around the living space to the underfloor space;
A natural convection type underfloor heating / ventilation system, comprising: a return air amount control unit that adjusts the amount of warm air blown out from the blowout opening by increasing / decreasing the amount of air returning from the return opening to the underfloor.   2. The natural convection type underfloor heating and ventilation system according to claim 1, wherein the return air amount control means controls the return air amount to the under floor by increasing or decreasing the opening area of the return opening.   The natural convection type underfloor heating / ventilation system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the return opening is concentrated in one or two places in the vicinity of the air supply means. 4. The air passage formed in the partition wall and the ceiling pocket for circulating air, and the wall formed in the partition wall for sending warm air from the underfloor space to the air passage in any one of claims 1 to 3. An internal air supply opening, and an in-wall return opening formed in another partition wall in order to return warm air from the ventilation path to the underfloor space,
The natural convection type underfloor heating / ventilation system, wherein the in-wall air supply opening is provided in the vicinity of the heat storage and heating device, and the in-wall return opening is provided in the vicinity of the air supply means.

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