JPH0293228A - Ventilating device for building - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To perform ventilation efficiently by opening under floor ventilation holes, ventilation dampers, and roof duct dampers to circulate the air taken from the under floor ventilation holes into a building when the ambient temperature is high. CONSTITUTION:When the ambient temperature rises, attic ventilation holes 17, under floor ventilation holes 18, and ventilation dampers 19 are opened, the air in roof ducts 10 and exterior wall ducts 12 becomes an ascending current, and is exhausted outside from the attic ventilation holes 17. The air taken from the under floor ventilating holes 18 is exhausted outside through the ducts 12, 10, and 13, so that the entire building is kept cool. The damper plate 24 of each damper or ventilating hole is closed at 15 deg.C, and opened at 20 deg.C, for example, by a spring made of shape memory alloy 28.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [Industrial Application Field] The present invention relates to a ventilation system for a comfortable building that is warm in winter and cool in summer by uniformizing the temperature of the entire building through air circulation and preventing condensation within the walls.

[Prior Art] In recent years, in buildings such as general housing, measures against moisture in buildings,
Emphasis is placed on the comfort of residents and energy conservation associated with heating and cooling. In other words, measures against moisture in buildings are to suppress moisture, prevent internal condensation, inhibit the activity of wood-decaying fungi, and improve durability. In addition, residents' comfort is created by creating a comfortable living environment by preventing strokes, colds, and neuralgia when they go from warm rooms to cold hallways and toilets.In addition, energy conservation means making effective use of natural energy. It is intended to be used for heating and cooling purposes.

As a means of achieving such measures against moisture, a comfortable living environment, and energy conservation,
Publication No. 40 d communicates spaces within the housing structure such as under-floor spaces, inner wall cavities, partition cavities, etc., and also automatically opens and closes the building's shed ventilation openings and under-floor ventilation openings by sensing the weather conditions in the lower world with sensors. , a ventilation system has been proposed that promotes ventilation within buildings and prevents condensation.

[Problems to be solved by the invention] In the conventional technology, since the cabin, under the floor, inner wall cavity, and bosom space are connected as one, hot air and cold air are not separated, which slows down the airflow speed. As a result, there is a problem in that the space within the housing structure is not efficiently ventilated.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems and provide a ventilation device for a building that can increase the speed of airflow and ventilate efficiently.

[Means for Solving the Problems] The present invention forms a roof ventilation path between a roofing material and a heat insulating material behind the roofing material, connects the upper end of this roof ventilation path to a shed, and connects the outer wall material with the roof ventilation path. An external wall ventilation path is formed between the insulation material behind the external wall material, the upper end of this external wall ventilation path is connected to the shed, the lower end of this external wall ventilation path is connected to the underfloor, and the insulation material behind the external wall material is connected. An inner wall ventilation path is formed between the material and the inner wall, the upper end of this inner wall ventilation path is connected to the shed, and the lower end of this inner wall ventilation path is connected to the underfloor, and when the temperature exceeds a set temperature, the inside wall ventilation path is connected to the shed. A shed ventilation opening that operates is provided, and an underfloor ventilation opening is provided under the floor that opens when the temperature exceeds a set temperature due to a shape memory alloy, and a shape memory alloy is provided between the outer wall ventilation passage and the inner wall ventilation passage that opens when the temperature exceeds the set temperature. A ventilation damper that opens is provided, and a damper for the roof ventilation path is installed on the upper end side of the roof ventilation path and is made of a shape memory alloy and opens when the temperature exceeds a set temperature.

[Function] When the temperature is high, the cabin ventilation vents operate and
The underfloor ventilation, ventilation damper, and roof ventilation path damper are opened, and the air taken in from the underfloor ventilation is circulated evenly within the building and exhausted from the roof ventilation.When the temperature drops, each damper opens. When the building is opened, heat radiation from the building itself can be automatically prevented.

[Example] Next, the present invention will be explained in detail.

Figures 1 to 4 show the first embodiment, in which 1 is a concrete foundation with a soil cover 2, 3 is under the floor, 4 is a concrete foundation provided with a soil cover 2;
5 is an exterior wall material, 5 is a roof material, 6 is an interior wall material forming each room 7, and 8 is a shed. Further, 9 is a heat insulating material provided on the back side of the roof material 5, and a roof ventilation passage 10 is formed between the roof material 5 and the heat insulating material 9 along the slope of the roof. 11 was installed on the back side of the outer wall N4! Jft thermal material, an external wall ventilation l1412 is installed vertically between the external wall material 4 and the heat insulating material 11, and this external wall ventilation i? The upper end of 812 is connected to the shed 8 via an inner wall ventilation path, which will be described later, and the lower end is connected to the underfloor 3. 13 is the insulation material 11 on the back of the outer wall material 4
This is an inner wall ventilation path formed between the The upper end of 813 is connected to the shed 8, and the lower end is connected to the underfloor 3. 15 is a chest space formed between the ceiling of room 7 on the first floor and the floor of room 7 on the second floor, and 16 is the Md space between room 7 on the first floor and room 7 on the second floor.
This is a partition space that will be installed.

Reference numeral 17 denotes a cabin ventilation opening that is provided in the cabin 8 and communicates the cabin 8 with the outside. is driven by Reference numeral 18 denotes an underfloor ventilation opening provided in the underfloor 3 to communicate the underfloor 3 with the outside, and is driven by a shape memory alloy (not shown) so as to close at 12°C and open at 23°C. . Reference numeral 19 denotes a ventilation damper which is a ventilation opening/closing body that communicates the upper end of the outer wall ventilation passage 12 and the upper end of the inner wall ventilation passage 13, and this ventilation damper 19 is designed to close at 20°C or lower and open at 20°C or higher. Driven by a shape memory alloy (not shown). Reference numeral 20 denotes a roof ventilation passage damper which is a roof ventilation passage opening/closing body that communicates the upper end of the roof ventilation passage 10 with the shed 8. This damper 20 has a shape memory so that it opens at 15°C or lower and opens at 20°C or higher. Driven by an alloy (not shown).

Further, 21 is an upper air intake port that communicates the lower end side of the roof ventilation fIB 10 with the shed 8, and 22 is a lower air intake port that communicates the lower end of the outer wall ventilation path 12 with the lower end of the inner wall ventilation path 13.

Each of the ventilation holes and the damper is provided with a plurality of opening/closing plates 2 or one opening/closing plate 2 on a frame-shaped frame 23, as shown in FIG. 4, for example.
4 is rotatably provided, and one end of a shape memory alloy 28 formed in the shape of a coil spring is connected to the pivot 25 of the opening/closing plate 24 via an arm 26, and the other end of the shape memory alloy 28 is connected to the pivot 25 of the opening/closing plate 24. is connected to frame 231i11.

Next, the operation of the above structure will be explained.

As shown in Figure 1, when the temperature is low and it is cloudy, the shed ventilation opening 17, the underfloor ventilation opening 18, the ventilation damper 19, and the roof ventilation passage damper 20 are in an open state, and the building Air does not escape from the whole room, and each room 7
When heating heater 1 is used in hut 8, the heat is heated by nuclear heat.
The warm air is circulated to the bathing space 15, partition space 16, and under the floor 3, and as a result, not only the room 7 in which the heater H is used, but also other rooms 7 can be heated by the warm air.

Next, when the outside temperature is low and sunny and sunlight hits the exterior wall material 4, the underfloor ventilation opening 18 and the shed ventilation opening 17 are closed when the outside temperature is below the set temperature, as shown in Figure 2. When the temperature of the air in the roof ventilation passage 10 and the outer wall ventilation passage 12 exceeds the set value due to sunlight, the ventilation damper 19 and the roof ventilation passage damper 20 open, and an upward air flow flows inside the exterior wall ventilation passage 12 and the roof ventilation passage 10. This warm air is introduced into the cabin 8. At this time, the air under the floor 3 is drawn out through the lower air intake port 22, so that the underfloor 3 becomes in a negative pressure state, and as a result, convection occurs inside the building, making it possible to warm the entire building.

Furthermore, when the outside temperature of the tiles rises, the shed ventilation opening 17, underfloor ventilation opening 18, and ventilation damper 19 open as shown in Fig. 3, and the air in the roof ventilation passage 10 and exterior wall ventilation passage 12 is warmed by radiant heat and rises. Air current is generated and discharged to the outside through the cabin ventilation port 17. Furthermore, air also rises in the inner wall ventilation passage 13 and the like as the temperature of the shed 8 increases. As a result, the roof ventilation path 10, the outer wall ventilation path 12, and the inner wall ventilation path 13 become in a negative pressure state due to the discharge of air, and the outside air is taken in from the underfloor ventilation opening 18, and the outside wall ventilation path 12, the roof ventilation path 13
The air is efficiently exhausted from the shed ventilation opening 17 through the inner wall ventilation path 13, and the entire building can be kept cool.

As described above, in the above embodiment, when the outside temperature is low, heat radiation from the building is prevented and each room 7 is evenly heated, and when it is sunny in winter, it is heated by radiant heat. The warm air can be circulated through the exterior wall ventilation path 12 and the roof ventilation path 10 to generate warm air convection in the building and warm the entire building.Furthermore, in hot weather such as in summer, the entire building can be kept open to draw in outside air. By distributing it evenly, you can keep the building cool.

In addition, each shed ventilation opening 17, underfloor ventilation opening 18, ventilation damper 19, and roof ventilation passage damper 20 are configured to open and close at a set temperature using a shape memory alloy 28, so that they will automatically open and close as the air temperature changes. It can be opened and closed without any manual effort.

It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiment. For example, as shown in FIG.
The first roof ventilation path damper 20A, which closes at temperatures below 40°C and opens at 20°C or above, opens at 40 to 45°C or below, and
Damper 2O for second roof air passage that closes at ~45°C or higher
B can be used in combination to prevent the circulation of hot air above 40 to 45°C in the summer, or as shown in FIG. Damper 3O made of shape memory alloy
Damper 30 that closes at 20°C and opens at 13°C as in A.
Various modifications are possible, such as providing B in the bosom space 15. Furthermore, the above-mentioned temperature settings are not limited and may vary depending on the region, building structure, etc. The temperature is set to L.

[Effects of the Invention] The present invention provides a shed ventilation opening, an underfloor ventilation opening, which forms an external wall ventilation path, a roof ventilation path, and an internal wall ventilation path, and opens and closes at a set temperature.
By providing the ventilation opening/closing body and the roof ventilation path opening/closing body, air can be efficiently circulated within the building, thereby preventing dew condensation in the building and providing a comfortable living space that is warm in winter and cool in summer. Furthermore, each of the ventilation holes and the opening/closing body are opened and closed automatically, so there is no need for any manual effort.

[Brief explanation of the drawing]

Figures 1 to 4 show the first embodiment. Figure 1 is a schematic explanatory diagram in winter, etc., Figure 2 is a schematic explanatory diagram in sunny winter, etc., and Figure 3 is a schematic diagram in summer, etc. 4 is a partially cutaway perspective view of the damper, FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing the second embodiment, and FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing the third embodiment. 4... External wall material 5... Roofing material 6... Inner wall material 8... Shed 9... Insulating material 10... Roof ventilation path 11... Insulating material 12... External wall ventilation path 13 ... Inner wall ventilation path 14 ... Inner wall 17 ... Shed ventilation port 18 ... Underfloor ventilation port 19 ... Ventilation damper (ventilation opening/closing body) 20 ... Damper for roof ventilation path (for roof ventilation path) Opening/closing body) 28... Shape memory alloy patent application Person: Sugai σsuyo Attorney: Patent attorney Mamoru Ushiki Figure 3 Figure 4 Procedures 1n Masashi (Name: Sugai High School 50 Figure 6 3 causes diagram 4

Claims (1)

[Claims] A roof ventilation passage formed between the roofing material and the insulation material behind the roofing material and having its upper and lower ends connected to the shed; and a roof ventilation passage formed between the exterior wall material and the insulation material behind the exterior wall material and having its upper end connected to the shed. an outer wall ventilation passage whose lower end is connected to the underfloor, an inner wall ventilation passage formed between the insulation material behind the outer wall and the inner wall, whose upper end is connected to the shed and whose lower end is connected to the underfloor; A shed ventilation opening that closes when the temperature exceeds a set temperature due to a shape memory alloy, an underfloor ventilation opening that is provided under the floor and opens when the temperature exceeds a set temperature due to a shape memory alloy, and the outer wall ventilation path and the inner wall ventilation path are connected. A ventilation opening/closing body made of a shape memory alloy that opens when the temperature reaches a set temperature or higher, and a roof ventilation opening/closing body that is attached to the upper end side of the roof ventilation passage and opens when the temperature rises above the set temperature due to a shape memory alloy. Features ventilation equipment in buildings.