JPH0362979B2 - - Google Patents

Description

[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Application Field] The present invention uniformizes the temperature of the entire building through air circulation and prevents condensation within the walls, making it possible to create a comfortable hipped building that is warm in winter and cool in summer. Relating to ventilation devices.

[Background Art] In recent years, in buildings such as general houses, measures against moisture in buildings, comfort for residents, and energy saving associated with air conditioning have become important. In other words, measures against moisture in buildings are to suppress moisture, prevent internal condensation, inhibit the activity of wood-decaying fungi, and improve durability. In addition, residents' comfort is created by creating a comfortable living environment by preventing strokes, colds, and neuralgia when they go from a warm room to a cold hallway or toilet. Furthermore, energy conservation means effectively utilizing natural energy for heating and cooling.

As a means of achieving such measures against moisture, a comfortable living environment, and energy conservation,
- Publication No. 69642 states that in addition to communicating the underfloor space, interior wall space, partition cavity, and roof cavity, a ventilation opening is provided in the eave ceiling, and this ventilation opening creates a negative pressure in the ventilation opening by the force of the wind around the building. Accordingly, a ventilation system using wind power that can suck air from the entire building has been proposed. Such a system can also be used in hip buildings, as it eliminates the need for shed ventilation.

[Problems to be solved by the invention] In the conventional technology, the ventilation openings are opened and closed using the negative pressure around the building, so the air inside the building cannot be forcibly ventilated. Another problem is that because the shed, under the floor, inner wall cavity, and bathing area are all connected, hot air and cold air are not separated, making it difficult to ventilate efficiently.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems and provide a ventilation system for a hip building, which can force exhaust air to the outside and increase the speed of airflow for efficient ventilation.

[Means for Solving the Problems] The present invention forms a roof ventilation path between a roofing material and a heat insulating material behind the roofing material, connects the upper end of this roof ventilation path to a shed, and connects the outer wall material with the roof ventilation path. Forming an exterior wall ventilation path between the exterior wall material and the insulation material behind the exterior wall material,
The upper end of this outer wall ventilation path is connected to the shed, the lower end of this outer wall ventilation path is connected to the underfloor, and an inner wall ventilation path is formed between the insulation material behind the outer wall and the inner wall;
The upper end of this inner wall ventilation path is connected to the shed, the lower end of this inner wall ventilation path is connected to the underfloor, and the shed is provided with an exhaust path that is connected at one end and connected to the eaves. An air blower operated by a temperature sensor is provided in the exhaust passage, and an opening/closing body for the exhaust passage is provided that opens when the temperature exceeds a set temperature using a shape memory alloy, and an underfloor ventilation hole that opens when the temperature exceeds the set temperature due to the shape memory alloy is provided under the floor. A ventilation damper is provided between the outer wall ventilation passage and the inner wall ventilation passage, which is made of a shape memory alloy and opens when the temperature exceeds the set temperature, and is attached to the upper end side of the roof ventilation passage and is provided with a shape memory alloy that opens when the temperature exceeds the set temperature. It is equipped with a damper for the roof ventilation passage that opens.

[Function] When the temperature is high, the exhaust passage opening/closing body opens and the blower operates, and the underfloor ventilation opening, ventilation opening/closing body, and roof ventilation passage opening/closing body open and air is taken in from the underfloor ventilation opening. The air evenly circulates inside the building and is exhausted to the outside through the exhaust passage, and when the temperature drops, the blower stops and each opening/closing body opens, automatically preventing heat radiation from the building itself. .

[Example] Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described.

1 to 4 show the first embodiment, in which 1 is a concrete foundation with a soil cover 2, 3 is under the floor, 4 is an exterior wall material, 5 is a roof material, and 6 forms each room 7. Inner wall material 8 is a shed. Further, 9 is a heat insulating material provided on the back side of the roof material 5, and is formed between the roof material 5 and the heat insulating material 9 along the slope of the roof air passage 10. 11 is a heat insulating material provided on the back side of the outer wall material 4, and the outer wall material 4 and the heat insulating material 11
An outer wall ventilation passage 12 is vertically installed between the two, and the upper end of this outer wall ventilation passage 12 is connected to the shed 8, and the lower end thereof is connected to the underfloor 3. 1
Reference numeral 3 denotes an inner wall ventilation path formed between the heat insulating material 11 on the back side of the outer wall material 4 and the inner wall 14;
The upper end of 3 is connected to the shed 8, and the lower end is connected to the underfloor 3. 15 is a chest space formed between the ceiling of room 7 on the first floor and the floor of room 7 on the second floor, and 16 is a partition space installed vertically between room 7 on the first floor and room 7 on the second floor. be.

Reference numeral 17 denotes an exhaust passage provided in the shed 8, with one end connected to the inside of the shed 8 and the other end connected to the glass 18A of the eaves 18;
are provided on both sides, and a blower device 19 is connected between the upper ends of the exhaust passage 17 via an air box 17a.
is provided. By operating this blower device 19, the air in the cabin 8 is exhausted to the outside. 19A is a temperature sensor installed inside the shed 8, and this temperature sensor 19A causes the blower 19 to stop when the temperature inside the shed 8 is below 12 to 23 degrees Celsius, and to start operating when it is above 23 degrees Celsius. ing. Reference numeral 20 denotes an exhaust passage damper which is an exhaust passage opening/closing body attached to the lower end of the exhaust passage 17, and is made of a shape memory alloy (not shown) so as to close at 12°C and open at 23°C. It's getting old. In addition, compared to the constant temperature of 23°C on the high temperature side, the sensor 19A
The temperature settings for these devices are becoming higher, for example to 30°C. 21 is an underfloor ventilation opening provided in the underfloor 3 and communicating the underfloor 3 with the outside, which closes at 12°C and closes at 23°C.
It is driven by a shape memory alloy (not shown) to open at the same time. 22 is a ventilation damper which is a ventilation opening/closing body that communicates the upper end of the outer wall ventilation passage 12 and the upper end of the inner wall ventilation passage 13;
It is driven by a shape memory alloy (not shown) to close at temperatures below .degree. C. and open at temperatures above 20.degree. 23
2 is a roof ventilation passage damper which is a roof ventilation passage opening/closing body that communicates the upper end of the roof ventilation passage 10 with the shed 8, and this damper 23 has a shape memory so that it closes at 15°C or lower and opens at 20°C or higher. Driven by an alloy (not shown).

Furthermore, 24 is the lower end side of the roof ventilation passage 10 and the shed 8.
The air intake port 25 communicates with the outer wall ventilation passage 1.
2 and the lower end of the inner wall air passage 13 are connected to each other.

Each of the ventilation holes and the damper is provided with a plurality of or one opening/closing plate 27 rotatably provided on a frame-shaped frame 26, as shown in FIG. One end of the shape memory alloy 30 formed in the shape of a coil spring is connected via the shape memory alloy 30.
The other end is connected to the frame 26 side.

Next, the operation of the above structure will be explained.

As shown in FIG. 1, when the temperature is low or cloudy, such as in winter, the blower 19 is stopped by the temperature sensor 19A, and the exhaust passage damper 2 is turned off.
0, the underfloor ventilation opening 21, the ventilation damper 22, and the roof ventilation channel damper 23 are in a closed state to prevent air from escaping from the entire building. When the heater H is used in each room 7, the heat circulates the warm air to the cabin 8, the bosom space 15, the partition space 16, and the underfloor 3, and as a result, not only the room 7 in which the heater H is used, but also other rooms. The room 7 can also be heated by the warm air.

Next, when the outside temperature is low and sunny and sunlight hits the exterior wall material 4, as shown in FIG. However, when the temperature of the air in the roof ventilation passage 10 and the outer wall ventilation passage 12 becomes higher than the set value due to sunlight, the ventilation damper 22 and the roof ventilation passage damper 23 open, and the outer wall ventilation passage 12 and the roof ventilation passage 10 are closed. A rising air current is generated inside, and this warm air is introduced into the cabin 8. At this time, the lower air intake 25
The air under the floor 3 is drawn out through the
becomes a negative pressure state, and as a result, convection occurs inside the building, making it possible to heat the entire building.

Furthermore, when the outside temperature rises in the summer, the exhaust passage damper 20 opens, the underfloor ventilation opening 21 and the ventilation damper 22 open, as shown in FIG.
0 and the air in the outer wall ventilation path 12 are warmed by radiant heat, an upward air current is generated, and warm air is discharged from the exhaust path 17 to the outside. Furthermore, air also rises in the inner wall ventilation passage 13 and the like as the temperature of the shed 8 increases.
As a result, the air in the roof ventilation path 10, the outer wall ventilation path 12, and the inner wall ventilation path 13 is discharged, resulting in a negative pressure state, and the outside air is taken in from the underfloor ventilation opening 21 through the outer wall ventilation path 12, the roof ventilation path 10, and the inner wall ventilation path. The exhaust air is more efficiently exhausted through the passage 13 than the exhaust passage 17, and the entire building can be kept cool. When the temperature of the shed 8 further increases, this temperature sensor 1
9A senses this and activates the blower 19 to forcibly exhaust the warm air from the cabin 8 to the outside through the exhaust path 17.

As described above, in the above embodiment, when the outside temperature is low such as in winter, heat radiation from the building is prevented,
It heats each room 7 evenly, and when it is sunny in winter, the warm air heated by radiant heat is passed through the exterior wall ventilation passage 1.
2 and the roof ventilation passage 10 to generate convection of warm air in the building and heat the entire building.Furthermore, in warm weather such as in summer, the entire building is opened to allow outside air to spread evenly and warm the building. Can keep you cool.

Furthermore, one end of the exhaust passage 17 is connected to the shed 8 and the other end is connected to the louver 18A of the eaves 18, and this exhaust passage 17 is provided with an air blower 19 operated by a temperature sensor 19A. ,
Warm air from the cabin 8 can be forcibly exhausted.

It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and for example, as shown in FIG. Damper 23A for 40~45℃
In combination with the second roof ventilation path damper 23B that opens at a temperature of 40 to 45 degrees Celsius or higher and closes at a temperature of 40 to 45 degrees Celsius or higher, it is possible to prevent the circulation of hot air at a temperature of 40 to 45 degrees Celsius or higher in the summer.
In addition, as shown in FIG. 6, a damper 31B that closes at 20°C or lower and opens at 13°C or lower similarly to the damper 31A that closes at 13°C or lower and opens at 18°C or higher using a shape memory alloy is provided. Various modifications such as providing it in the bosom space 15 are possible. Further, the temperature sensor may be connected to the blower device via a temperature control setting device to operate the blower device at an arbitrary temperature. Further, each set temperature is not limited, and is set to an appropriate temperature depending on the region and the structure of the building. Further, the exhaust path damper may be attached to the air intake port of the air box.

[Effects of the Invention] The present invention forms an outer wall ventilation furnace, a roof ventilation path, and an inner wall ventilation path, and provides an air blower in the exhaust path so as to operate at a set temperature. The installation of a vent, under-floor ventilation opening, ventilation opening/closing body, and opening/closing body for the roof ventilation passage allows for efficient air circulation within the hip building, preventing condensation in the building and keeping it warm in winter and cool in summer. It can provide a comfortable living space.

[Brief explanation of drawings]

Figures 1 to 4 show the first embodiment. Figure 1 is a schematic explanatory diagram in winter, etc., Figure 2 is a schematic explanatory diagram in sunny winter, etc., and Figure 3 is a schematic diagram in summer, etc. 4 is a partially cutaway perspective view of the damper, FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing the second embodiment, and FIG. 6 is a sectional view showing the third embodiment. 4... External wall material, 5... Roofing material, 6... Inner wall material,
8...Shed, 9...Insulation material, 10...Roof ventilation path, 11...Insulation material, 12...Outer wall ventilation path, 13
...Inner wall ventilation path, 14...Inner wall, 17...Exhaust path, 18...Eave ceiling, 19...Blower device, 20...
...Exhaust path damper (exhaust path opening/closing body), 21...
Underfloor ventilation opening, 22...Ventilation damper (ventilation opening/closing body),
23... Damper for roof ventilation passage (opening/closing body for roof ventilation passage), 30... Shape memory alloy.

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A roof ventilation passage formed between a roofing material and an insulating material behind the roofing material and having its upper and lower ends connected to the shed, and a roof ventilation passage formed between an exterior wall material and an insulating material behind the exterior wall material and having its upper end connected to the shed. an outer wall ventilation path connected to the roof and connected at its lower end to the underfloor; an inner wall ventilation path formed between the insulating material behind the outer wall and the inner wall and connected at its upper end to the shed and its lower end connected to the underfloor; an air exhaust passage provided at one end in the shed and connected to the soffit at the other end; an air blower installed in the exhaust passage and operated by the temperature sensor; An exhaust passage opening/closing body that opens when the temperature exceeds a set temperature due to a memory alloy;
an underfloor ventilation hole provided under the floor that opens when the temperature reaches a set temperature or higher due to a shape memory alloy; a ventilation opening/closing body that connects the outer wall ventilation path and the inner wall ventilation path and opens when the temperature exceeds the set temperature due to the shape memory alloy; and the roof. 1. A ventilation device for a hipped building, characterized by comprising a roof ventilation passage opening/closing body which is attached to the upper end side of the ventilation passage and opens when the temperature exceeds a set temperature using a shape memory alloy.