JP4357014B2 - Drainer cleaning method and apparatus - Google Patents

Drainer cleaning method and apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4357014B2
JP4357014B2 JP25161898A JP25161898A JP4357014B2 JP 4357014 B2 JP4357014 B2 JP 4357014B2 JP 25161898 A JP25161898 A JP 25161898A JP 25161898 A JP25161898 A JP 25161898A JP 4357014 B2 JP4357014 B2 JP 4357014B2
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Prior art keywords
draining
tank
cleaning
washing
alcohol
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JP2000070605A (en
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道則 横澤
秀明 菊地
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Chemours Mitsui Fluoroproducts Co Ltd
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Du Pont Mitsui Fluorochemicals Co Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、精密機械、光学機械や電子機器等の金属製、プラスチック製、ガラス製の部品等に付着した水を除去するのに適した洗浄方法及び装置に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
精密金属部品、光学部品、電子機器の多くが加工途中で水を使用しており、この工程の後処理として必要な付着残留水の除去及び乾燥には、被洗浄物を腐食せずに水を洗い落とすことができ、しかもその洗浄液自体の除去が容易にできるような適当な沸点を持つ洗浄剤が用いられる。そのような、洗浄剤として、これまでクロロフルオロカ−ボン系洗浄剤(例えば、CFC-113 、沸点48℃)に界面活性剤を混合した組成物が使用されてきた。しかし、クロロフルオロカーボンについてはオゾン層保護の観点からウィ−ン条約やモントリオ−ル議定書に基づき国際的な規制が実施され、我が国でも生産は既に停止されている。
【0003】
そのため、CFC-113 等のクロロフルオロカーボン系付着水除去用溶剤組成物が有する低毒性、不燃性、低腐食性の特性を失うことなく、水置換性能が優れ、且つオゾン層を破壊する恐れがない付着水除去用溶剤組成物の開発が望まれている。そこで発明者らは、このような溶剤を探索した結果、ハイドロフルオロエーテルに界面活性剤を混合した付着水除去用溶剤組成物(特願平8-122073号)やハイドロフルオロエーテルに1,2-ジクロロエチレン及び界面活性剤を混合した付着水除去用溶剤組成物(特願平10-12967号)を提案した。
【0004】
しかしながら近年は部品の軽量化要求に伴いプラスチック化や微細な加工がされているため、従来の洗浄方法のように沸騰している液に浸漬すると熱でプラスチック基材が傷んだり液対流のため被洗物の衝突により破損してしまうことが多くあり、このような部品には冷浴を用い、かつ洗浄効率を高めるために必要に応じ、超音波を使用しての水切り洗浄が行われている。
【0005】
沸騰浴において洗浄を行う従来法においては、洗浄及びすすぎが終わってすすぎ槽から取り出された被洗浄物品は、洗浄槽及びすすぎ槽の上部に形成された洗浄液の飽和蒸気層において蒸気洗浄が行われるが、冷浴にて水切り洗浄を行い、ヒーターの代わりに超音波を使用した場合、洗浄機上部に飽和蒸気層が形成されない為、洗浄剤の持出ロスが多大になったり洗浄が充分でなくシミが生成する。そこで洗浄機内に洗浄槽とは別に蒸気発生槽を設置してそこから洗浄剤蒸気を洗浄装置上部に導入して蒸気層を形成させることも行われている。
【0006】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
オゾン層破壊の恐れがない付着水除去用水切り洗浄剤としてハイドロフルオロカーボン、ハイドロフルオロエーテルあるいはそれらの混合物が用いられる(以下「ハイドロフルオロカーボン」を「HFC」、「ハイドロフルオロエーテル」を「HFE」と呼び、また両者及びその混合物を総称して「HFC/E」と呼ぶ)。この場合水切り洗浄剤が単一物質又は共沸混合物であるときには組成変化が生じないので蒸気発生槽と洗浄槽が独立していても連続した水切り洗浄が可能である。HFC/E単体では水との親和性が足りず、水切り洗浄能力が充分でないのでアルコールや界面活性剤が混合されている。この場合HFC/Eとアルコールとの共沸混合物ではアルコール含有量が約5%と少ないため水切り性能が不足するのでアルコールを共沸範囲より増加させて使用されるのが普通である。従ってアルコールや界面活性剤の沸点がHFC/Eより高い場合には、蒸気発生槽中でHFC/Eが多く蒸発するためアルコール濃度或は界面活性剤濃度が次第に上昇するのに対して、水切り洗浄槽中では被洗浄物に同伴されたり凝縮器から凝縮して戻されるHFC/Eによりアルコール濃度或は界面活性剤濃度が逆に減少する。その為運転開始後短時間で水切り洗浄能力が劣化するという問題があった。
【0007】
発明者らは、水切り洗浄において、特に温浴や沸騰浴を用いない洗浄方法における上記問題点を解決し、常に高い水切り洗浄能力を持続させる方法について検討した結果、水切り洗浄槽とは別に設けられた蒸気発生槽と水切り洗浄槽との間で水切り洗浄剤の一部を循環させることにより、両槽とも濃度の変動が少なくなり安定な運転が可能となることを見いだした。
【0008】
【課題を解決するための手段】
すなわち本発明は、被洗浄物品を、1,1,1,2,3,4,4,5,5,5,- デカフルオロペンタン、1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4-オクタフルオロブタンからなる群から選ばれたハイドロフルオロカーボン或いはハイドロフルオロエーテルもしくはその両者の混合物と、沸点がそれらよりも高いアルコールとから成る非共沸水切り洗浄剤もしくは上記ハイドロフルオロカーボン或いはハイドロフルオロエーテルもしくはその両者の混合物と、沸点がそれらよりも高い界面活性剤とから成る水切り洗浄剤又はそれらの混合物からなる水切り洗浄剤を満たした水切り洗浄槽中で洗浄して付着水を除去し、次いで水切り洗浄槽とは別に設けられた蒸気発生槽で発生した水切り洗浄剤蒸気を導入して洗浄装置の上部に形成した蒸気層で蒸気洗浄を行うとともに、水切り洗浄剤の一部を、水切り洗浄槽と蒸気発生槽の間で循環させる送液管を設けて、水切り洗浄剤の一部を、水切り洗浄槽と蒸気発生槽の間で循環させることを特徴とする物品の水切り洗浄方法である。
【0009】
また本発明は上記洗浄方法を実施するための装置であって、非共沸の水切り洗浄剤混合物により付着水を除去する水切り洗浄槽と、水切り洗浄槽とは別に設けられ、そこで発生した水切り洗浄剤の蒸気を、蒸気洗浄のための蒸気層として前記水切り洗浄装置上部に導入形成させるための蒸気発生槽とを有し、かつ水切り洗浄剤の一部を、水切り洗浄槽と蒸気発生槽の間で循環させる送液管を有することを特徴とする物品の水切り洗浄装置である。
【0010】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明において水切り洗浄剤の1成分として用いられるハイドロフルオロカーボン(HFC)とは、炭化水素の水素原子の一部が弗素原子のみで置換され、塩素原子を含まない弗素化炭化水素であり、ハイドロフルオロエーテル(以下、HFEという。)とはエーテル類の水素原子の一部が弗素原子のみで置換され、塩素原子を含まない弗素化エーテルである。
【0011】
本発明で用いるHFCまたはHFE液体としては、沸点が30〜150℃のものが好ましい。HFC/E液体の沸点が30℃未満では、蒸発ロスが大きく、水の結露の問題もある。また、HFC/E液体の沸点が150℃を越えるとその蒸発エネルギーが大きくなり、被洗浄物品を損傷するおそれが生ずる。
【0012】
また、引火性等、安全面を考慮すると本発明で用いる水切り洗浄剤は実質的に不燃性であることが望ましい。不燃性の水切り洗浄剤は、HFC/Eとして高度に弗素置換したものを使用すること及び、後述するようにHFC/Eとアルコールまたは界面活性剤との混合比率を調整することにより得られる。HFC/Eとして具体的には、炭素と結合した原子の過半数が弗素であるもの、すなわち分子中のF/(H+F)原子比が0.5を超えるものが好ましい。
【0013】
このようなHFC/Eのうち、本発明に好適に使用できる水切り洗浄剤としては不燃性、低毒性、地球環境の観点から、HFCとしては具体的には1,1,1,2,3,4,4,5,5,5,- デカフルオロペンタン(以下、HFC43−10meeという。沸点55℃)または1,2,2,3,3,4,4-オクタフルオロブタン(以下、338pccという。沸点44℃)が使用される。またHFEとしては1,2,2,2-テトラフルオロエチル−ヘプタフルオロプロピルエーテル(沸点40℃)、1,1,1,2,3,3-ヘキサフルオロ−2−ヘプタフルオロプロピロキシ−3−(1,2,2,2-テトラフルオロエトキシ)−プロパン(沸点104℃)、ノナフルオロブチル−メチルエーテル(沸点60℃)、ノナフルオロブチル−エチルエーテル(沸点78℃)などを挙げることができる。
【0014】
HFC/Eと混合して用いるアルコールは、不燃性とすすぎ効果を保持するHFC/Eの飽和蒸気層を形成するために、その沸点がHFC/Eの沸点よりも高いものであり、好ましくは10℃以上高いアルコールである。また水との親和性の高いものが好ましい。このようなアルコールとしてメチルアルコール、エチルアルコール、2−プロパノール等が例示される。またこれらの混合物を使用することもできる。
【0015】
水切り洗浄槽におけるHFC/Eとアルコールとの混合比率は、両成分の種類、両者の沸点差や、被洗浄物品の汚れの程度等にもよるが、(HFC/E)/(アルコール)(重量比)=94/6〜88/12の範囲で混合するのが好ましい。アルコールの量が少ないと水との親和性が足りず水切り洗浄能力が不充分である。またアルコールの量が多すぎると、可燃性となったり被洗浄物品の表面に残り、すすぎ効果が低下したり、あるいは被洗浄物品を損傷する恐れがあるので好ましくない。
【0016】
また水切り洗浄液として、HFC/Eと界面活性剤との混合物を用いる場合、界面活性剤は、その沸点がHFC/Eの沸点より高く、かつHFC/Eに溶解するものを用いる。このような界面活性剤としては、クロロフルオロカーボン系付着水除去用溶剤に通常用いられている各種の界面活性剤を用いることができるが、本発明の場合、特に弗素含有界面活性剤又はポリオキシエチレンアルキルエーテル基を含有する界面活性剤が好ましい。
【0017】
弗素含有界面活性剤としては、例えば
【化1】

Figure 0004357014
(但し、Rは炭素数2−10のアルキル基、Rfは炭素数5−18のパーフルオロアルキル基、mは1−20の整数)
のような、パーフルオロアルキル基及びオキシエチレン基を有するアミン等を挙げることができる。具体的にはN−アルキル−N−ポリオキシエチレンパーフルオロオクタンスルホンアミドやN−アルキル−N−(p−アフロキシエチル)パーフルオロオクタンスルホンアミドが例示される。
【0018】
また、ポリオキシエチレンアルキルエーテル基を含有する界面活性剤としては、
R−C64 −O(C24 O)n
(但し、Rは炭素数5−10のアルキル基、nは1−20の整数)
のようなポリオキシエチレンアルキルフェニルエーテル等が挙げられ、具体的には、ポリオキシエチレンオクチルフェニルエーテル等が例示される。
【0019】
その他、これまでクロロフルオロカーボン系付着水除去用溶剤に用いられてきた陰イオン系界面活性剤であるカルボン酸塩、スルホン酸塩、硫酸エステル塩、リン酸エステル塩など、陽イオン系界面活性剤であるアルキル第4アンモニウム塩、ノニオン系界面活性剤等も使用することができ、またこれらを混合して使用することもできる。
【0020】
HFC/Eと界面活性剤との混合比率は、(HFC/E)/(界面活性剤)(重量比)=99.99/0.01〜95/5の範囲で混合するのが好ましい。界面活性剤の量が少ないと水との親和性が足りず付着水除去効果が低下し、また界面活性剤の量が多いと、被洗浄物品の表面に残りすすぎ効果が低下するので好ましくない。
【0021】
また、本発明においては、HFC/Eに、アルコール及び界面活性剤の両者を混合した水切り洗浄剤を使用することもできる。三者を混合した場合、HFC/Eに対する界面活性剤の溶解力が向上するので有利である。
【0022】
本発明においては、被洗浄物品を、HFC/Eと、沸点がそれらよりも高いアルコールまたは界面活性剤とからなる水切り洗浄剤を満たした水切り洗浄槽中で洗浄して付着水を除去し、通常は更にすすぎを行う。一方、洗浄槽とは別に水切り洗浄槽と同じ成分の洗浄剤を満たした蒸気発生槽を設置し、そこで発生した洗浄剤蒸気を洗浄装置上部に導入して蒸気層を形成させ、そこですすぎの終わった被洗浄物を蒸気洗浄する。しかし、この操作を長時間続けると、水切り洗浄槽中ではアルコール或は界面活性剤濃度が減少し、一方、蒸気発生槽中ではアルコール或は界面活性剤濃度が上昇し、その結果水切り洗浄能力が落ちてくる。そこで本発明においては、蒸気発生槽と水切り洗浄槽との間で水切り洗浄剤の一部を循環させ、それによって蒸気発生槽及び水切り洗浄槽濃度の変動を抑え、高い洗浄力が長時間維持できるようにしたものである。
【0023】
以下本発明に用いる水切り洗浄装置を添付図面に基づいて具体的に説明する。図1は本発明の水切り洗浄方法に用いる洗浄装置の一例である。図1において2は水切り洗浄槽であり、必要に応じすすぎ槽3を設ける。本発明ではこの他に蒸気発生槽6を設け、水切り洗浄槽、すすぎ槽、蒸気発生槽は一つの共有空間を有する洗浄装置1内に収容されている。また水切り洗浄槽に隣接して水分離槽4が設置され、更に水分離槽には貯槽5が隣接設置されている。水切り洗浄槽にはHFC/Eと、沸点がそれらよりも高いアルコールまたは界面活性剤とから成る水切り洗浄剤を、またすすぎ槽にも水切り洗浄剤と同様の成分のすすぎ液を満たす。洗浄槽及びすすぎ槽は、それぞれ複数個の槽から構成されていても良い。
【0024】
水切り洗浄槽及びすすぎ槽はいずれも上部が開口し、その開口部を通じて被洗浄物品の出し入れを行うことができる。被洗浄物品はまず水切り洗浄槽の上部開口部より装置内に導入され、一定時間洗浄槽に浸漬されて水切り洗浄液により洗浄され、表面に付着した油やフラックス等を除去する。
【0025】
ついで被洗浄物品を水切り洗浄槽から取り出してすすぎ槽に移し、ここでその表面に付着した洗浄剤をすすぎ液ですすいで除去する。
【0026】
水切り洗浄槽の温度は高い方が洗浄効果を高める意味で好ましいが、一方、温度が高すぎると、被洗浄物が熱による損傷を受けるので、水切り洗浄槽の温度は水切り洗浄剤の沸点以下で、且つ被洗浄物品が熱による損傷を受けない温度で運転する。そのため、水切り洗浄槽或はすすぎ槽には沸騰させない範囲で温度を上昇させる目的で、加温装置7を設置してもよい。本発明は、比較的低温浴で洗浄を行う場合に特に有効である。また水切り洗浄槽及びすすぎ槽には洗浄効率やすすぎ効率を高めるために、必要に応じて超音波発生器8を取りつけてもよい。
【0027】
一方、これと別に設けられた蒸気発生槽6は、その上部が水切り洗浄槽及びすすぎ槽の開口部と連通し、蒸気発生槽で発生した飽和蒸気が水切り洗浄槽及びすすぎ槽の上部に形成される。
【0028】
本発明においては水切り洗浄槽と別に蒸気発生槽を設け、蒸気発生槽で発生した水切り洗浄液の飽和蒸気が水切り洗浄槽及びすすぎ槽の上部に形成され、洗浄槽、すすぎ槽から取り出された被洗浄物品はこの飽和蒸気層10に静置して蒸気洗浄を行った後、被洗浄物品を水切り洗浄装置の上部開口部より取り出す。最後に被洗浄物品の表面に付着した洗浄剤を気化蒸散させ、洗浄された染みの無い物品が得られる。
【0029】
水切り洗浄槽中の洗浄液は、蒸気発生槽との間で液の循環と同時に水の分離が行われる。まず、水切り洗浄槽の上部からオーバーフローした洗浄液は、水分離槽に送られ、被洗浄物品から洗い落とされた水分は、比重差により洗浄液と分離され排水口9より除去される。水を分離した洗浄液は貯槽に貯められた後、ポンプ11により、送液管12を通って一部は蒸気発生槽に、また一部は水切り洗浄槽に送液管13を通って水切り洗浄槽に戻される。また逆に蒸気発生槽の上部からは戻り送液管14を通って貯槽に戻され、水切り洗浄槽からのオーバーフロー洗浄液と合流する。
【0030】
なお蒸気発生槽で発生させ、水切り洗浄槽の上部に形成された飽和蒸気は、コンデンサー15で冷却され、水分離器16で洗浄液と水とに分離され、水を排水口17から除去した後、第2すすぎ槽に還流し、オーバーフローにより第1すすぎ槽を経て洗浄槽に戻される。
【0031】
液循環を行わない場合、蒸気発生槽中の水切り洗浄剤は、運転継続により徐々にHFC/Eより高沸点のアルコール或は活性剤が濃縮される。また逆に水切り洗浄槽ではアルコール或は活性剤が被洗浄物に同伴されて除去されるとともに凝縮器からHFC/Eが凝縮して戻されることによりアルコール或は界面活性剤濃度が減少していく。しかし本発明により蒸気発生槽中の水切り洗浄剤の一部を水切り洗浄槽に戻すことにより、一時的に減少した水切り洗浄槽中のアルコール分或は活性剤はすばやく当初の濃度に戻る。すなわち当初の水切り能力が運転中に劣化することなく維持できる。
【0032】
蒸発による蒸気発生槽からの液の減量を補うために、水切り洗浄槽から洗浄液を蒸気発生槽に送る送液管だけを取りつけた装置を用いたのでは、水切り洗浄槽中のアルコール或は活性剤濃度減少を抑えることはできない。本発明においては蒸気発生槽から水切り洗浄槽への戻り送液管14を設け、水切り洗浄槽中のアルコール或は活性剤濃度の減少を抑えながら液を循環することが重要である。
【0033】
また本発明の第2の発明は、水切り洗浄剤として、非共沸の水切り洗浄剤混合物を用いて上記洗浄方法を実施するための、水切り洗浄槽、蒸気発生槽とを有し、かつ水切り洗浄剤の一部を水切り洗浄槽と蒸気発生槽の間で循環させる送液管とを有する物品の水切り洗浄装置である。
【0034】
本発明の水切り洗浄装置は、水切り洗浄剤として、非共沸の水切り洗浄剤混合物を用いて物品の汚れ成分を溶解除去し、洗浄槽から取り出した被洗浄物体を蒸気洗浄する方法に広く応用できるが、特に第1の発明のように、ハイドロフルオロカーボン或いはハイドロフルオロエーテルもしくはその両者の混合物と、沸点がそれらよりも高いアルコールまたは界面活性剤とから成る非共沸水切り洗浄剤を用いて洗浄する方法で、特に洗浄を冷浴を用いて行う洗浄法に適した装置である。
【0035】
【実施例】
[実施例1]
図1の水切り洗浄装置における蒸気発生槽、水切り洗浄槽、第1すすぎ槽及び第2すすぎ槽に、2−プロピルアルコールをそれぞれ表1記載の濃度で含有する1,1,1,2,3,4,4,5,5,5,−デカフルオロペンタンを入れた。次に蒸気発生槽の水切り洗浄剤を沸騰させ、蒸気発生槽−水切り洗浄槽間の液循環をさせながら10時間運転した。10時間後の各槽の2−プロピルアルコールの濃度を表1に示す。表1から分かるように水切り洗浄槽の2−プロピルアルコール濃度は、運転前とほとんど変わらず一定であった。
【0036】
【表1】
各槽の2−プロピルアルコール濃度(%)
Figure 0004357014
【0037】
[比較例1]
図1において、蒸気発生槽から水切り洗浄槽への戻り送液管14をはずした以外は図1と同じ装置を用いて実施例1と同様の操作をおこなった。結果を表2に示す。表2から明らかなように、この装置では蒸気発生槽への水切り洗浄剤の補給はされるが、循環が行われないため、10時間後の水切り洗浄槽の2−プロピルアルコール濃度は、運転前に比べ1%以上も減少していた。
【0038】
【表2】
各槽の2−プロピルアルコール濃度(%)
Figure 0004357014
【0039】
[実施例2]
厚さ10mmの塩化ビニル製ブロックに直径1mmの穴を40個空け、その穴に水を注入したものを図1に示す装置の水切り洗浄槽に超音波を使用しながら30秒間浸漬させた。その結果33個の穴の水が置換されていた。次に実施例1の試験で10時間運転した直後に同様の操作を行ったところ、35個の穴の水が置換されていた。即ち10時間後でも水切り洗浄能力は維持されていた。
【0040】
[比較例2]
比較例1で用いたと同じ 装置を用いて実施例2と同様の操作をおこなった。その結果、当初31個の穴の水が置換されていたものが、10時間運転後では26個しか置換されていなかった。即ち運転継続とともに大幅に水の置換能力が減少することがわかった。
【0041】
[実施例3]
長さ60mm、幅8mm、厚さ1mmの良く磨いたアルミの板を水に浸漬した後、図1に示す装置に30秒間浸漬した。引き上げたアルミ板を目視にて観察したところ、水は完全に置換され、表面はきれいな状態であった。
【0042】
[比較例3]
実施例3と同じアルミ板を用い、図1の装置を用いたが、蒸気発生槽のヒーターによる加熱を行わずに、実施例3と同じアルミ板を用い、実施例3と同様な操作を行った。水切り洗浄槽の上部に飽和蒸気層が形成されなかったため、アルミ板と冶具の接触面に水染みが残った。
【0043】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、蒸気発生槽を水切り洗浄槽とは別に設け、かつ蒸気発生槽と水切り洗浄槽の間で水切り洗浄剤の一部を循環することにより、非共沸水切り洗浄剤を用い、しかも冷浴で洗浄を行っても、蒸気洗浄により付着水をきれいにかつ染みなく除去することができ、かつ蒸気発生槽及び水切り洗浄槽中の水切り洗浄剤の濃度変動が少なく、安定して長時間運転ができるので、金属製やプラスチック製の精密部品、光学部品、電子部品等を傷めることなく、付着水の除去を効果的に行うことができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の水切り洗浄方法を実施するための装置の1例である。
【符号の説明】
1 洗浄装置
2 水切り洗浄槽
3 すすぎ槽
4 水分離槽
5 貯槽
6 蒸気発生槽
7 ヒーター
8 超音波発生器
9 排水口
10 飽和蒸気層
11 ポンプ
12 洗浄液送液管
13 洗浄液送液管
14 洗浄液戻り送液管
15 コンデンサー
16 水分離器
17 排水口[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a cleaning method and apparatus suitable for removing water adhering to metal parts, plastic parts, glass parts and the like such as precision machines, optical machines and electronic devices.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Many precision metal parts, optical parts, and electronic equipment use water during processing. For removal and drying of the residual water that is necessary as a post-treatment in this process, water should be used without corroding the object to be cleaned. A cleaning agent having an appropriate boiling point is used so that it can be washed off and the cleaning liquid itself can be easily removed. As such a cleaning agent, a composition obtained by mixing a surfactant with a chlorofluorocarbon-based cleaning agent (for example, CFC-113, boiling point 48 ° C.) has been used so far. However, with regard to chlorofluorocarbons, international regulations have been implemented based on the Vienna Convention and the Montreal Protocol from the viewpoint of protecting the ozone layer, and production has already stopped in Japan.
[0003]
Therefore, without losing the low toxicity, nonflammability and low corrosive properties of the solvent composition for removing chlorofluorocarbon-based adhesion water such as CFC-113, water replacement performance is excellent and there is no risk of destroying the ozone layer. Development of a solvent composition for removing adhered water is desired. Therefore, as a result of searching for such a solvent, the inventors have found that a solvent composition for removing adhering water (Japanese Patent Application No. 8-122073) obtained by mixing a surfactant with hydrofluoroether, or 1,2- A solvent composition for removing adhering water (Japanese Patent Application No. 10-12967) in which dichloroethylene and a surfactant were mixed was proposed.
[0004]
However, in recent years, plasticization and microfabrication have been carried out in response to demands for weight reduction of parts, so when immersed in a boiling liquid as in the conventional cleaning method, the plastic substrate is damaged by heat or covered by liquid convection. In many cases, it is damaged by the collision of the washing, and for such parts, a cold bath is used, and if necessary, the water is washed with ultrasonic waves in order to increase the washing efficiency. .
[0005]
In the conventional method in which cleaning is performed in a boiling bath, articles to be cleaned that have been cleaned and rinsed and removed from the rinsing tank are subjected to steam cleaning in the cleaning liquid and the saturated vapor layer of the cleaning liquid formed in the upper part of the rinsing tank. However, when draining and washing in a cold bath and using ultrasonic waves instead of a heater, a saturated vapor layer is not formed on the upper part of the washing machine, resulting in a large loss of cleaning agent and insufficient washing. Spots are generated. Accordingly, a steam generation tank is installed in the cleaning machine separately from the cleaning tank, and a cleaning agent vapor is introduced into the upper part of the cleaning apparatus to form a vapor layer.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Hydrofluorocarbons, hydrofluoroethers, or mixtures thereof are used as draining detergents for removing adhering water that do not cause ozone layer destruction (hereinafter referred to as “HFC” and “hydrofluoroether” as “HFE”). In addition, both and their mixtures are collectively referred to as “HFC / E”). In this case, since the composition change does not occur when the draining detergent is a single substance or an azeotropic mixture, continuous draining cleaning is possible even if the steam generation tank and the cleaning tank are independent. HFC / E alone has insufficient affinity for water, and its drainage washing ability is not sufficient, so alcohol and a surfactant are mixed. In this case, since the azeotropic mixture of HFC / E and alcohol has a low alcohol content of about 5%, the drainage performance is insufficient. Therefore, the alcohol is usually used by increasing the azeotropic range. Therefore, when the boiling point of alcohol or surfactant is higher than HFC / E, the HFC / E evaporates in the steam generation tank and the alcohol concentration or surfactant concentration gradually increases. In the tank, the alcohol concentration or the surfactant concentration is conversely reduced by HFC / E accompanying the object to be cleaned or condensed back from the condenser. For this reason, there has been a problem that the drainage cleaning ability deteriorates in a short time after the start of operation.
[0007]
The inventors have solved the above-mentioned problems in the washing method that does not use a warm bath or a boiling bath in draining washing, and as a result of investigating a method that always maintains high draining washing ability, the inventors have provided a separate washing drain tank. It was found that by circulating a part of the draining detergent between the steam generation tank and the draining washing tank, the concentration fluctuations in both tanks are reduced and stable operation is possible.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
That is, the present invention provides articles to be cleaned by 1,1,1,2,3,4,4,5,5,5, -decafluoropentane, 1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4. -A non-azeotropic draining detergent comprising a hydrofluorocarbon or hydrofluoroether selected from the group consisting of octafluorobutane and a mixture thereof, and an alcohol having a boiling point higher than those, or the hydrofluorocarbon or hydrofluoroether or the above-mentioned The adhering water is removed by washing in a draining washing tank filled with a draining detergent comprising a mixture of both and a surfactant having a higher boiling point or a mixture thereof, and then the draining washing tank separately performs vapor cleaning with the vapor layer which is formed on top of provided to introduce the generated drained detergent vapor in the vapor generating tank cleaning apparatus, a portion of the dewatering cleaning agents, draining the Provided liquid feed pipe for circulating between the Kiyoshiso and the steam generator vessel, a portion of the draining detergent, is draining cleaning method of an article, characterized in that to circulate between the draining cleaning tank and the steam generator tank .
[0009]
Further, the present invention is an apparatus for carrying out the above-described cleaning method, and is provided separately from a draining washing tank for removing adhering water by a non-azeotropic draining detergent mixture, and a draining washing generated there. A steam generation tank for introducing and forming the vapor of the agent as a vapor layer for steam cleaning in the upper part of the draining cleaning device, and a part of the draining cleaning agent is disposed between the draining cleaning tank and the steam generation tank. An apparatus for draining and washing articles according to claim 1, further comprising a liquid feed pipe that is circulated in the apparatus.
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The hydrofluorocarbon (HFC) used as one component of the draining detergent in the present invention is a fluorinated hydrocarbon in which a part of the hydrogen atoms of the hydrocarbon is substituted only with fluorine atoms and does not contain chlorine atoms. Ether (hereinafter referred to as HFE) is a fluorinated ether in which a part of hydrogen atoms of ethers are substituted with only fluorine atoms and does not contain chlorine atoms.
[0011]
The HFC or HFE liquid used in the present invention preferably has a boiling point of 30 to 150 ° C. When the boiling point of the HFC / E liquid is less than 30 ° C., the evaporation loss is large and there is a problem of water condensation. Further, when the boiling point of the HFC / E liquid exceeds 150 ° C., the evaporation energy increases, and the article to be cleaned may be damaged.
[0012]
In view of safety, such as flammability, it is desirable that the draining detergent used in the present invention is substantially nonflammable. The nonflammable drainage detergent is obtained by using a highly fluorine-substituted HFC / E and adjusting the mixing ratio of HFC / E and alcohol or surfactant as described later. Specifically, HFC / E is preferably one in which the majority of atoms bonded to carbon is fluorine, that is, the F / (H + F) atomic ratio in the molecule exceeds 0.5.
[0013]
Among such HFC / E, as a draining detergent that can be suitably used in the present invention, from the viewpoint of nonflammability, low toxicity, and global environment, HFC is specifically 1,1,1,2,3, 4,4,5,5,5, -decafluoropentane (hereinafter referred to as HFC43-10mee, boiling point 55 ° C.) or 1,2,2,3,3,4,4-octafluorobutane (hereinafter referred to as 338 pcc). Boiling point 44 ° C.) is used. Further, as HFE, 1,2,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl-heptafluoropropyl ether (boiling point 40 ° C.), 1,1,1,2,3,3-hexafluoro-2-heptafluoropropyloxy-3- (1,2,2,2-tetrafluoroethoxy) -propane (boiling point 104 ° C.), nonafluorobutyl-methyl ether (boiling point 60 ° C.), nonafluorobutyl-ethyl ether (boiling point 78 ° C.) and the like. .
[0014]
The alcohol used in combination with HFC / E has a boiling point higher than that of HFC / E in order to form a saturated vapor layer of HFC / E that retains nonflammability and rinsing effect, preferably 10 Alcohol higher than ℃. Moreover, a thing with high affinity with water is preferable. Examples of such alcohol include methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, and 2-propanol. Mixtures of these can also be used.
[0015]
The mixing ratio of HFC / E and alcohol in the draining washing tank is (HFC / E) / (alcohol) (weight), although it depends on the types of both components, the difference in boiling point between them, the degree of contamination of the article to be washed, etc. Ratio) = 94/6 to 88/12. If the amount of alcohol is small, the affinity for water is insufficient, and the drainage washing ability is insufficient. If the amount of alcohol is too large, it is not preferable because it may become flammable, remain on the surface of the article to be cleaned, and the rinsing effect may be reduced or the article to be cleaned may be damaged.
[0016]
When a mixture of HFC / E and a surfactant is used as the draining washing liquid, a surfactant having a boiling point higher than that of HFC / E and soluble in HFC / E is used. As such a surfactant, various surfactants usually used in a solvent for removing chlorofluorocarbon-based adhering water can be used. In the case of the present invention, in particular, a fluorine-containing surfactant or polyoxyethylene is used. A surfactant containing an alkyl ether group is preferred.
[0017]
Examples of fluorine-containing surfactants include:
Figure 0004357014
(However, R is an alkyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms, Rf is a perfluoroalkyl group having 5 to 18 carbon atoms, and m is an integer of 1 to 20)
Examples thereof include amines having a perfluoroalkyl group and an oxyethylene group. Specific examples include N-alkyl-N-polyoxyethylene perfluorooctanesulfonamide and N-alkyl-N- (p-afrooxyethyl) perfluorooctanesulfonamide.
[0018]
In addition, as a surfactant containing a polyoxyethylene alkyl ether group,
R—C 6 H 4 —O (C 2 H 4 O) n H
(Where R is an alkyl group having 5-10 carbon atoms, and n is an integer of 1-20)
The polyoxyethylene alkyl phenyl ether etc. are mentioned, Specifically, a polyoxyethylene octyl phenyl ether etc. are illustrated.
[0019]
Other cationic surfactants such as carboxylates, sulfonates, sulfates and phosphates, which are anionic surfactants that have been used in chlorofluorocarbon-based solvents for removing adhering water. A certain alkyl quaternary ammonium salt, nonionic surfactant, etc. can also be used, and these can also be mixed and used.
[0020]
The mixing ratio of HFC / E and surfactant is preferably (HFC / E) / (surfactant) (weight ratio) = 99.99 / 0.01 to 95/5. If the amount of the surfactant is small, the affinity for water is insufficient and the effect of removing adhering water is reduced, and if the amount of the surfactant is large, the rinsing effect remaining on the surface of the article to be cleaned is lowered, which is not preferable.
[0021]
In the present invention, it is also possible to use a draining detergent obtained by mixing both alcohol and a surfactant with HFC / E. Mixing the three is advantageous because the solubility of the surfactant in HFC / E is improved.
[0022]
In the present invention, the article to be cleaned is washed in a draining cleaning tank filled with a draining cleaning agent composed of HFC / E and an alcohol or a surfactant having a boiling point higher than that to remove adhering water. Perform further rinsing. On the other hand, a steam generation tank filled with the same cleaning agent as the draining cleaning tank is installed separately from the cleaning tank, and the generated cleaning agent vapor is introduced into the upper part of the cleaning device to form a vapor layer. The object to be cleaned is steam cleaned. However, if this operation is continued for a long time, the alcohol or surfactant concentration decreases in the drainage washing tank, while the alcohol or surfactant concentration increases in the steam generation tank, resulting in a drainage washing ability. Falling. Therefore, in the present invention, a part of the drainage cleaning agent is circulated between the steam generation tank and the draining washing tank, thereby suppressing fluctuations in the concentration of the steam generation tank and the draining washing tank and maintaining a high cleaning power for a long time. It is what I did.
[0023]
Hereinafter, the draining and cleaning apparatus used in the present invention will be specifically described with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 shows an example of a cleaning apparatus used in the draining cleaning method of the present invention. In FIG. 1, 2 is a draining washing tank, and a rinsing tank 3 is provided if necessary. In the present invention, in addition to this, a steam generation tank 6 is provided, and the draining cleaning tank, the rinsing tank, and the steam generation tank are accommodated in the cleaning apparatus 1 having one common space. A water separation tank 4 is installed adjacent to the draining washing tank, and a storage tank 5 is installed adjacent to the water separation tank. The draining washing tank is filled with a draining washing agent comprising HFC / E and an alcohol or a surfactant having a boiling point higher than that, and the rinsing tank is filled with a rinsing liquid having the same components as the draining washing agent. Each of the washing tank and the rinsing tank may be composed of a plurality of tanks.
[0024]
Both the draining washing tank and the rinsing tank are open at the top, and articles to be cleaned can be taken in and out through the opening. The article to be cleaned is first introduced into the apparatus through the upper opening of the draining washing tank, immersed in the washing tank for a certain period of time, and washed with the draining washing liquid to remove oil, flux, etc. adhering to the surface.
[0025]
Next, the article to be cleaned is taken out from the draining washing tank and transferred to a rinsing tank, where the cleaning agent adhering to the surface is rinsed with a rinsing liquid and removed.
[0026]
The higher the temperature of the draining washing tank is preferable in terms of enhancing the cleaning effect, but on the other hand, if the temperature is too high, the object to be washed is damaged by heat, so the temperature of the draining washing tank is below the boiling point of the draining cleaning agent. And the article to be cleaned is operated at a temperature at which it is not damaged by heat. Therefore, you may install the heating apparatus 7 in order to raise temperature in the draining washing tank or the rinse tank in the range which does not boil. The present invention is particularly effective when cleaning is performed in a relatively low temperature bath. Further, an ultrasonic generator 8 may be attached to the draining washing tank and the rinsing tank as necessary in order to increase the washing efficiency and the rinsing efficiency.
[0027]
On the other hand, the steam generating tank 6 provided separately from the upper part communicates with the opening of the draining washing tank and the rinsing tank, and saturated steam generated in the steam generating tank is formed at the upper part of the draining washing tank and the rinsing tank. The
[0028]
In the present invention, a steam generating tank is provided separately from the draining washing tank, and the saturated steam of the draining cleaning liquid generated in the steam generating tank is formed in the upper part of the draining washing tank and the rinsing tank, and is cleaned from the washing tank and the rinsing tank. After the article is placed on the saturated vapor layer 10 for steam cleaning, the article to be cleaned is taken out from the upper opening of the draining and cleaning apparatus. Finally, the cleaning agent adhering to the surface of the article to be cleaned is evaporated and evaporated to obtain a cleaned article without stain.
[0029]
The cleaning liquid in the draining cleaning tank is separated from the steam generation tank at the same time as the liquid is circulated. First, the cleaning liquid overflowing from the upper part of the draining cleaning tank is sent to the water separation tank, and the water washed off from the article to be cleaned is separated from the cleaning liquid due to the specific gravity difference and removed from the drain port 9. After the cleaning liquid from which water has been separated is stored in a storage tank, the pump 11 passes the liquid supply pipe 12 through the liquid feed pipe 12, partly into the steam generation tank, and partly through the liquid feed pipe 13 through the liquid supply pipe 13. Returned to Conversely, from the upper part of the steam generation tank, it returns to the storage tank through the return liquid supply pipe 14, and merges with the overflow cleaning liquid from the draining cleaning tank.
[0030]
The saturated steam generated in the steam generation tank and formed in the upper part of the draining washing tank is cooled by the condenser 15, separated into the cleaning liquid and water by the water separator 16, and after removing the water from the drain outlet 17, It returns to a 2nd rinse tank, and is returned to a washing tank through the 1st rinse tank by overflow.
[0031]
When liquid circulation is not performed, the alcohol or activator having a boiling point higher than that of HFC / E is gradually concentrated in the draining detergent in the steam generation tank as the operation is continued. On the other hand, in the draining washing tank, alcohol or activator is entrained and removed along with the object to be washed, and HFC / E is condensed and returned from the condenser to reduce the alcohol or surfactant concentration. . However, by returning a part of the draining cleaning agent in the steam generation tank to the draining cleaning tank according to the present invention, the alcohol content or the activator in the draining cleaning tank temporarily reduced quickly returns to the original concentration. That is, the initial draining ability can be maintained without deterioration during operation.
[0032]
In order to compensate for the loss of the liquid from the steam generation tank due to evaporation, an alcohol or activator in the draining washing tank was used if a device with only a liquid feed pipe that sent the cleaning liquid from the draining washing tank to the steam generation tank was used. The decrease in concentration cannot be suppressed. In the present invention, it is important to provide a liquid return pipe 14 from the steam generation tank to the draining washing tank and circulate the liquid while suppressing a decrease in the concentration of alcohol or activator in the draining washing tank .
[0033]
Further, the second invention of the present invention has a drainage washing tank and a steam generation tank for carrying out the above-mentioned washing method using a non-azeotropic drainage detergent mixture as a draining detergent, and draining washing This is a water drainage cleaning device for articles having a liquid feed pipe for circulating a part of the agent between the water drainage cleaning tank and the steam generation tank.
[0034]
The draining and cleaning apparatus of the present invention can be widely applied to a method for dissolving and removing dirt components of articles using a non-azeotropic draining detergent mixture as a draining cleaning agent and steam cleaning an object to be cleaned taken out from a cleaning tank. However, as in the first aspect of the invention, a method of washing using a non-azeotropic draining detergent comprising a hydrofluorocarbon or a hydrofluoroether or a mixture of both and an alcohol or a surfactant having a higher boiling point. In particular, the apparatus is suitable for a cleaning method in which cleaning is performed using a cold bath.
[0035]
【Example】
[Example 1]
1,1,1,2,3, each containing 2-propyl alcohol in the concentration shown in Table 1 in the steam generation tank, draining washing tank, first rinsing tank, and second rinsing tank in the draining washing apparatus of FIG. 4,4,5,5,5, -decafluoropentane was added. Next, the drainage cleaning agent in the steam generation tank was boiled, and the system was operated for 10 hours while circulating the liquid between the steam generation tank and the drainage cleaning tank. Table 1 shows the concentration of 2-propyl alcohol in each tank after 10 hours. As can be seen from Table 1, the 2-propyl alcohol concentration in the draining washing tank was almost the same as that before the operation and was constant.
[0036]
[Table 1]
2-propyl alcohol concentration in each tank (%)
Figure 0004357014
[0037]
[Comparative Example 1]
In FIG. 1, the same operation as in Example 1 was performed using the same apparatus as in FIG. 1 except that the return liquid supply pipe 14 from the steam generation tank to the draining and washing tank was removed. The results are shown in Table 2. As is apparent from Table 2, this apparatus replenishes the drainage cleaning agent to the steam generation tank, but since no circulation is performed, the concentration of 2-propyl alcohol in the drainage cleaning tank after 10 hours is It was reduced by more than 1%.
[0038]
[Table 2]
2-propyl alcohol concentration in each tank (%)
Figure 0004357014
[0039]
[Example 2]
Forty holes having a diameter of 1 mm were made in a vinyl chloride block having a thickness of 10 mm, and water poured into the holes was immersed in a draining washing tank of the apparatus shown in FIG. 1 for 30 seconds using ultrasonic waves. As a result, water in 33 holes was replaced. Next, when the same operation was performed immediately after driving for 10 hours in the test of Example 1, water in 35 holes was replaced. That is, the draining ability was maintained even after 10 hours.
[0040]
[Comparative Example 2]
The same operation as in Example 2 was performed using the same apparatus as used in Comparative Example 1. As a result, the water in which 31 holes were replaced initially was replaced only after 26 hours of operation. In other words, it was found that the ability to replace water significantly decreased as the operation continued.
[0041]
[Example 3]
A well-polished aluminum plate having a length of 60 mm, a width of 8 mm, and a thickness of 1 mm was immersed in water and then immersed in the apparatus shown in FIG. 1 for 30 seconds. When the pulled-up aluminum plate was observed visually, water was completely substituted and the surface was in a beautiful state.
[0042]
[Comparative Example 3]
The same aluminum plate as in Example 3 was used, and the apparatus of FIG. 1 was used. However, the same operation as in Example 3 was performed using the same aluminum plate as in Example 3 without heating with the heater of the steam generation tank. It was. Since a saturated vapor layer was not formed in the upper part of the draining washing tank, water stain remained on the contact surface between the aluminum plate and the jig.
[0043]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, a steam generating tank is provided separately from the draining washing tank, and a non-azeotropic draining detergent is used by circulating a part of the draining detergent between the steam generating tank and the draining washing tank, In addition, even when washing is performed in a cold bath, the attached water can be removed cleanly and without stains by steam cleaning, and the concentration fluctuation of the draining detergent in the steam generation tank and draining washing tank is small and stable for a long time. Since it can be operated, it is possible to effectively remove adhering water without damaging metal or plastic precision parts, optical parts, electronic parts and the like.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an example of an apparatus for carrying out the draining washing method of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Cleaning apparatus 2 Draining washing tank 3 Rinse tank 4 Water separation tank 5 Storage tank 6 Steam generation tank 7 Heater 8 Ultrasonic generator 9 Drain outlet
10 Saturated vapor layer
11 Pump
12 Cleaning liquid supply pipe
13 Cleaning liquid feed pipe
14 Cleaning liquid return pipe
15 condenser
16 Water separator
17 Drain port

Claims (6)

被洗浄物品を、1,1,1,2,3,4,4,5,5,5,- デカフルオロペンタン、1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4-オクタフルオロブタンからなる群から選ばれたハイドロフルオロカーボン或いはハイドロフルオロエーテルもしくはその両者の混合物と、沸点がそれらよりも高いアルコールとから成る非共沸水切り洗浄剤もしくは上記ハイドロフルオロカーボン或いはハイドロフルオロエーテルもしくはその両者の混合物と、沸点がそれらよりも高い界面活性剤とから成る水切り洗浄剤又はそれらの混合物からなる水切り洗浄剤を満たした水切り洗浄槽中で洗浄して付着水を除去し、次いで水切り洗浄槽とは別に設けられた蒸気発生槽で発生した水切り洗浄剤蒸気を導入して洗浄装置の上部に形成した蒸気層で蒸気洗浄を行うとともに、水切り洗浄剤の一部を、水切り洗浄槽と蒸気発生槽の間で循環させる送液管を設けて、水切り洗浄剤の一部を、水切り洗浄槽と蒸気発生槽の間で循環させることを特徴とする物品の水切り洗浄方法。Articles to be cleaned from 1,1,1,2,3,4,4,5,5,5, -decafluoropentane, 1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4-octafluorobutane A non-azeotropic draining detergent comprising a hydrofluorocarbon or hydrofluoroether selected from the group or a mixture thereof and an alcohol having a higher boiling point than the above or a mixture of the above hydrofluorocarbon or hydrofluoroether or both; It is installed in a draining washing tank filled with a draining detergent comprising a surfactant having a higher boiling point or a mixture thereof to remove adhering water, and then provided separately from the draining washing tank. performs vapor cleaning with the vapor layer which is formed on the top of the steam generating vessel by introducing generated drained detergent steam and cleaning apparatus, a part of the dewatering cleaning agents, draining the washing tank and the steam generator tank It provided liquid feed pipe for circulating between, draining cleaning method of an article, wherein a portion of the dewatering cleaning agent is circulated between the draining cleaning tank and the steam generator vessel. ハイドロフルオロカーボン或いはハイドロフルオロエーテルが30-150℃の沸点を有するものであることを特徴とする請求項1記載の水切り洗浄方法。The draining washing method according to claim 1, wherein the hydrofluorocarbon or hydrofluoroether has a boiling point of 30-150 ° C. ハイドロフルオロカーボン或いはハイドロフルオロエーテルの分子中のF/(H+F)原子比が0.5 を超えるものであることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の水切り洗浄方法。The draining washing method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the F / (H + F) atomic ratio in the molecule of hydrofluorocarbon or hydrofluoroether exceeds 0.5. アルコールがメチルアルコール、エチルアルコール、2−プロピルアルコールもしくはそれらの混合物であることを特徴とする請求項1〜3のいずれかに記載の水切り洗浄方法。The draining washing method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the alcohol is methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, 2-propyl alcohol or a mixture thereof. 非共沸の水切り洗浄剤混合物により付着水を除去する水切り洗浄槽と、水切り洗浄槽とは別に設けられ、そこで発生した水切り洗浄剤の蒸気を、蒸気洗浄のための蒸気層として前記水切り洗浄装置上部に導入形成させるための蒸気発生槽とを有し、かつ水切り洗浄剤の一部を、水切り洗浄槽と蒸気発生槽の間で循環させる送液管を有することを特徴とする物品の水切り洗浄装置。A draining washing tank for removing adhering water by a non-azeotropic draining detergent mixture, and the draining washing tank provided separately from the draining washing tank, the steam of the draining washing agent generated there as a vapor layer for steam washing, the draining washing apparatus A drainage cleaning of an article characterized by having a steam generation tank for introducing and forming in the upper part and a liquid feed pipe for circulating a part of the drainage cleaning agent between the drainage cleaning tank and the steam generation tank apparatus. 非共沸の水切り洗浄剤混合物が、1,1,1,2,3,4,4,5,5,5,- デカフルオロペンタン、1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4-オクタフルオロブタンからなる群から選ばれたハイドロフルオロカーボン或いはハイドロフルオロエーテルもしくはその両者の混合物と、沸点がそれらよりも高いアルコールとから成る非共沸水切り洗浄剤もしくは上記ハイドロフルオロカーボン或いはハイドロフルオロエーテルもしくはその両者の混合物と、沸点がそれらよりも高い界面活性剤とから成る水切り洗浄剤であることを特徴とする請求項5記載の物品の水切り洗浄装置。The non-azeotropic draining detergent mixture is 1,1,1,2,3,4,4,5,5,5, -decafluoropentane, 1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4 -A non-azeotropic draining detergent comprising a hydrofluorocarbon or hydrofluoroether selected from the group consisting of octafluorobutane and a mixture thereof, and an alcohol having a boiling point higher than those, or the hydrofluorocarbon or hydrofluoroether or the above-mentioned 6. The apparatus for draining and cleaning articles according to claim 5, wherein the apparatus is a draining detergent comprising a mixture of the two and a surfactant having a higher boiling point.
JP25161898A 1998-09-04 1998-09-04 Drainer cleaning method and apparatus Expired - Lifetime JP4357014B2 (en)

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JP5129911B2 (en) * 2001-08-08 2013-01-30 新オオツカ株式会社 Moisture removal device
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