JP4290587B2 - レーザ発振素子 - Google Patents
レーザ発振素子 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP4290587B2 JP4290587B2 JP2004055027A JP2004055027A JP4290587B2 JP 4290587 B2 JP4290587 B2 JP 4290587B2 JP 2004055027 A JP2004055027 A JP 2004055027A JP 2004055027 A JP2004055027 A JP 2004055027A JP 4290587 B2 JP4290587 B2 JP 4290587B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- liquid crystal
- cholesteric liquid
- laser oscillation
- crystal layer
- cholesteric
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
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Images
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
- H01S3/08—Construction or shape of optical resonators or components thereof
- H01S3/08059—Constructional details of the reflector, e.g. shape
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
- H01S3/08—Construction or shape of optical resonators or components thereof
- H01S3/08081—Unstable resonators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/10—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating
- H01S3/105—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating by controlling the mutual position or the reflecting properties of the reflectors of the cavity, e.g. by controlling the cavity length
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/14—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range characterised by the material used as the active medium
- H01S3/16—Solid materials
- H01S3/1686—Liquid crystal active layer
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Description
コップ(Kopp)、外4名、「コレステリック液晶におけるフォトニックストップバンド端における低しきい値レージング(Low-threshold lasing at the edge of a photonic stop band in cholesteric liquid crystals)」、オプティクスレター(Optics Letter)、米国、1998年、第23巻、p.1707−1709 尾崎、外3名、「コレステリック液晶のストップバンド内における欠陥モードとレーザ発振」、電気材料技術雑誌、2002年、第11巻、第2号、p.165−167
図1は、本発明のレーザ発振素子の一実施形態を概略的に示す断面図である。図1に示すように、レーザ発振素子1は、コレステリック液晶層(第1コレステリック液晶層)2と、コレステリック液晶層(第2コレステリック液晶層)3とを備えており、これらは互いに対向して配置されている。コレステリック液晶層2,3の間には欠陥層4が設けられている。
色素5は、光励起により蛍光を発することが可能であれば特に制限されないが、特に色素5が遷移モーメントの異方性を有するもので,欠陥層中の遷移モーメントの方向を一方向に揃えることができるものであれば,さらにレーザ発振効率を高めることができる。色素5は、有機系色素または無機系色素のいずれであっても構わない。有機系色素としては、例えばローダミン6G、スチリル(Styryl)、キサンテン(Xanthene)、オキサジン(Oxazine),クマリン(Coumarine),スチルベン(Stilben)誘導体、オキサゾール(Oxazole)誘導体、オキサジアゾール(Oxadiazole)誘導体、p−オリゴフェニレン(Origophenylene)誘導体のほか、ジャーナル・オブ・ケミカル・ソサイアティ(Journal of Chemical Society)、2002年、第124号、p.9670に記載の化学構造式(R=EtH、R´=t−Buの場合)で表されるものなどが挙げられる。無機系色素としては、例えば硫化亜鉛、珪酸亜鉛、硫化亜鉛カドミウム、硫化カルシウム、硫化ストロンチウム、タングステン酸カルシウム、カナリーガラス、シアン化白金、アルカリ土類金属の硫化物、希土類化合物などが挙げられる。上記色素のうち、溶解性の観点から、有機系色素が特に好ましく、多種の溶媒に溶解しやすい,すなわち溶媒の選択肢が広いという理由から、ローダミン6Gが好ましい。
媒体6は、色素5を分散又は溶解できるものであれば特に制限されず、かかる媒体6としては、例えばグリセリン、ゼラチン,ポリビニルアルコール,ポリイミド、ポリアミド、ポリアミドイミド、ポリフェニレンスルフィド、ポリフェニレンオキシド、ポリエーテルケトン、ポリエーテルエーテルケトン、ポリエーテルスルフォン、ポリスルフォン、ポリエチレンテレフタレート、ポリエチレンナフタレート、ポリアリレート、トリアセチルセルロース、ポリカーボネート,ポリスチレンレン,メタクリレート樹脂,エポキシ樹脂、フェノール樹脂,さらにはネマティック相を呈する主鎖型低分子液晶,側鎖型低分子液晶,主鎖型高分子液晶,側鎖型高分子液晶等が挙げられる。
コレステリック液晶層2,3を構成するコレステリック液晶は、色素5から発せられる蛍光の発光帯と少なくとも一部の波長領域において重なり合う選択反射波長帯域を有するものであり、且つコレステリック配向を固定化できる液晶物質から少なくとも構成される。
配向基板7,8は、色素5の励起光及び蛍光に対して透明であり且つコレステリック液晶層2,3を支持することが可能なものであれば特に制限されず、配向基板7,8としては、例えばポリイミド、ポリアミド、ポリアミドイミド、ポリフェニレンスルフィド、ポリフェニレンオキシド、ポリエーテルケトン、ポリエーテルエーテルケトン、ポリエーテルスルフォン、ポリスルフォン、ポリエチレンテレフタレート、ポリエチレンナフタレート、ポリアリレート、トリアセチルセルロース、エポキシ樹脂、フェノール樹脂等のフィルム、又はこれらのフィルムの一軸延伸フィルム等が例示できる。これらのフィルムはその製造方法によっては改めて配向能を発現させるための処理を行わなくともコレステリック液晶層2、3に使用されるコレステリック液晶に対して十分な配向能を示すものもあるが、配向能が不十分、または配向能を示さない等の場合には、必要によりこれらのフィルムを適度な加熱下に延伸したり、フィルム面をレーヨン布等で一方向に擦るいわゆるラビング処理を行ったり、フィルム上にポリイミド、ポリビニルアルコール、シランカップリング剤等の公知の配向剤からなる配向膜を設けてラビング処理を行ったり、酸化珪素等の斜方蒸着処理を行ったり、あるいはこれらの処理を適宜組み合わせるなどして配向能を発現させたフィルムを用いても良い。また表面に規則的な微細溝を設けた各種ガラス板等も配向基板7,8として使用することができる。
上記レーザ発振素子1は、以下のようにして製造することができる。
次に、上記レーザ発振素子1の作用について説明する。
まず芳香族ポリエステルからなる高分子アキラルネマチック液晶と、芳香族ポリエステルからなる高分子キラルネマチック液晶との液晶混合物(新日本石油(株)製LCフィルム)を用い、これをクロロホルム中に溶解して高分子コレステリック液晶溶液を得た。ここで、液晶混合物中の高分子キラルネマチック液晶の混合比は25wt%とし、高分子コレステリック液晶溶液中の混合物の濃度は15wt%とした。
2つのコレステリックフィルム間のなす角を2.2°となるようにした以外は実施例1と同様にしてレーザ発振素子を得た。
2つのコレステリックフィルム間のなす角を2.5°となるようにした以外は実施例1と同様にしてレーザ発振素子を得た。
2つのコレステリックフィルム間のなす角を0°となるようにした以外は実施例1と同様にしてレーザ発振素子を得た。
コレステリック液晶の選択反射帯域の短波長端が蛍光波長のピークと合致するよう液晶混合物中の高分子キラルネマチック液晶の混合比25wt%を27wt%に変更した以外は実施例1と同様にしてレーザ発振素子を得た。
実施例1〜3及び比較例1で得られたレーザ発振素子に対し、出射光の出射角φを測定した。結果を図4に示す。なお、図4において、横軸が入射角θを、縦軸が出射角φを表す。また、図4においては、横軸は「くさび角」と表記し、縦軸は「発光角」と表記してある。
図4に示すように、2つのコレステリックフィルムを非平行とした場合には、出射角φは、入射角θの約9.7倍と十分に大きくすることができた。
Claims (1)
- コレステリック液晶を含む第1コレステリック液晶層と、
前記第1コレステリック液晶層に対向配置され、コレステリック液晶を含む第2コレステリック液晶層と、
前記第1コレステリック液晶層と前記第2コレステリック液晶層との間に設けられ、光励起により蛍光を発する色素を含む欠陥層とを備えており、
前記コレステリック液晶における選択反射波長帯域と前記色素から発せられる蛍光の発光帯とが少なくとも一部の波長領域において重なり合っており、
前記第1コレステリック液晶層の前記第2コレステリック液晶層側の面及び前記第2コレステリック液晶層の前記第1コレステリック液晶層側の面がそれぞれ平面状であり、
前記第1コレステリック液晶層の前記第2コレステリック液晶層側の面と前記第2コレステリック液晶層の前記第1コレステリック液晶層側の面とが相互に非平行となっている、
ことを特徴とするレーザ発振素子。
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