JP4172328B2 - Battery and battery pack - Google Patents

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JP4172328B2
JP4172328B2 JP2003151132A JP2003151132A JP4172328B2 JP 4172328 B2 JP4172328 B2 JP 4172328B2 JP 2003151132 A JP2003151132 A JP 2003151132A JP 2003151132 A JP2003151132 A JP 2003151132A JP 4172328 B2 JP4172328 B2 JP 4172328B2
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power generation
generation element
battery
restraining
terminal
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JP2004355915A (en
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昇平 松下
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Toyota Motor Corp
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

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Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は，ラミネートフィルムにて発電要素が密封された電池およびその電池を組み合わせてなる組電池に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
従来から，複数個の電池を繋ぎ合わせた組電池が各種の電子機器に利用されている。組電池の構成要素となる電池としては，例えばリチウムイオン電池がある。近年，リチウムイオン電池は，携帯型ＰＣや携帯電話を始めとする電子機器のみならず，ハイブリッド車や電気自動車の電源として注目されている。
【０００３】
リチウムイオン電池には，発電要素（電極体や電解液等）がラミネートフィルムに密封された状態で使用されるものがある。そのような形態の電池は，図１０に示すような手順で作成される。まず，図１０（Ａ）に示すような電極シート１２，１３とセパレータとを重ね合わせて捲回させたもの（以下，「発電要素１０」とする）を用意する。次に，図１０（Ｂ）に示すように正極端子３８と負極端子３９とをそれぞれ電極シート１２，１３に取り付ける。次に，図１０（Ｃ）に示すように発電要素１０をラミネートフィルム４１で包み，ラミネートフィルム４１の縁辺を熱溶着にてシールする。以上によりラミネートフィルム４１に密封された電池（単セル）３００が作成される。このような電池の記載としては，例えば特許文献１がある。
【０００４】
また，前述した単セル３００を組み合わせた組電池は，図１１および図１２に示すような手順で作成される。まず，図１１（Ａ）に示すようにケース７１と，正極端子３８および負極端子３９を拘束する端子拘束部材５３とを用意する。そして，単セル３００をケース７１内に収納し，図１１（Ｂ）に示すように端子拘束部材５３とともに単セル３００を密閉する。そして，図１２（Ａ）に示すようにケース７１に収納された単セル３０１〜３０４を同一平面上に並べて配置する。さらに，図１２（Ｂ）に示すように単セル拘束部材８１にて単セル３０１〜３０４をまとめて拘束する。以上により組電池４００が作成される。このように単セルを同一平面上（幅方向）に並べて配置する組電池の記載としては，例えば特許文献１がある。また，単セルを厚さ方向に並べて配置する組電池の記載としては，例えば特許文献２がある。
【０００５】
【特許文献１】
特開２００２−１１７８２８号公報
【特許文献２】
特開昭６０−２０５９５８号公報
【０００６】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら，前記した従来の技術には以下のような問題があった。すなわち，リチウムイオン電池は，充電および放電により電極シートの厚みが変化する。そのため，図１０に示した電池３００（特許文献１に記載されている電池）のように，発電要素１０が拘束されていない状態，すなわち自由に膨張および収縮が可能な状態では，電極シートに皺が生じる。そしてその皺により電極シート間のスムーズな電荷の移動が阻害される恐れがある。
【０００７】
また，組電池としては，次のような問題がある。図１２に示した組電池のように単セルを同一平面上に並べる場合には，単セルごとにケース７１を用意しなければならない。このケース７１は，発電要素１０の大きさだけではなく，当然ラミネートフィルム４１のシール部分を収納できる大きさのものでなければならない。そのため，そのようなサイズのケース７１を組み合わせると，組電池４００の全体のサイズが大きくなる。また，図１２に示したように各単セルをまとめて拘束すると，単セル拘束部材８１の撓みにより単セルごとに加えられる圧力が異なる可能性がある。また，特許文献２に記載された組電池のように単セルを厚さ方向に重ね合わせて配置する場合には，ケースの内壁に発電要素が接触することで各セルに同等の圧力を与えることができる。しかしながらこの配置では，厚さ方向のサイズが大きく，扁平形状（薄型）であるリチウムイオン電池の特徴を生かしきれない。また，どちらの配置の組電池であっても，単セルをまとめて拘束する必要があるため，単セルの配置の設計自由度が小さい。
【０００８】
本発明は，前記した従来の技術が有する問題点を解決するためになされたものである。すなわちその課題とするところは，発電要素の膨張を抑制し，コンパクトな組電池とすることができる電池およびその電池にて構成された組電池を提供することにある。
【０００９】
【課題を解決するための手段】
この課題の解決を目的としてなされた電池は，電極体を備えた発電要素と，発電要素を挟んで対向し，発電要素全体を発電要素の厚さ方向の両側から拘束し，発電要素の厚さ方向から見て発電要素のうちの電極積層箇所と重ならない位置で互いを固定する一対の拘束部材と，拘束部材および発電要素をまとめて密封するラミネートフィルムとを有するものである。また，本発明の組電池は，本発明の電池を組み合わせてなるものである。
【００１０】
すなわち，本発明の電池では，拘束部材により発電要素が拘束されている。そのため，発電要素の膨張が抑制される。また，ラミネートフィルムにて発電要素と拘束部材とがまとめて密封されている。すなわち，本発明の電池は，発電要素が拘束された状態で密封されている。そのため，本発明の電池を組み合わせて組電池とする場合に，単セルを収納するケースや各電池をまとめて拘束する単セル拘束部材を設ける必要がない。よって，組電池の全体のサイズがコンパクトである。また，電池の配置における設計自由度が大きい。
【００１１】
また，本発明の電池の拘束部材は，発電要素にて発生した熱が伝達される放熱部を有し，放熱部は，発電要素の電極体から絶縁されていることとするとよりよい。これにより，発電要素の過熱を抑制することができる。放熱部の材質としては，例えばアルミ，銀等の金属が該当する。また，金属（合金を含む）でなくても熱伝導率が高い材質のものであれば本発明に適用可能である。例えば，窒化アルミ等の高熱伝導率セラミックスや，放熱性は劣るが電極体拘束という点ではＰＥ等の樹脂も使用できる。
【００１２】
また，本発明の電池は，発電要素の電極体に取り付けられた端子部材を有し，拘束部材は，端子部材に固定されていることとするとよりよい。これにより，本発明の電池を組み合わせて組電池とした場合に，発電要素，拘束部材および端子部材が一体となるために安定する。
【００１３】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下，本発明を具体化した実施の形態について，添付図面を参照しつつ詳細に説明する。なお，本実施の形態は，電気自動車等の車両に搭載されるリチウムイオン電池に本発明を適用したものである。
【００１４】
実施の形態に係るリチウムイオン電池１００は，図１に示すように発電要素１０がラミネートフィルム４１に密封された状態のものである。ラミネートフィルム４１は，アルミ箔の両面に樹脂層を配したものである。リチウムイオン電池１００の側面からは，正極集電端子３１および負極集電端子３２が突出している。
【００１５】
図２は，リチウムイオン電池１００の密封前の状態を示す図である。本形態のリチウムイオン電池１００は，発電要素１０と，発電要素拘束板２１，２２と，正極集電端子３１と，負極集電端子３２とを有している。正極集電端子３１は，発電要素１０の正極の電極シートと導通している。負極集電端子３２は，発電要素１０の負極の電極シートと導通している。また，発電要素１０は，一対の発電要素拘束板２１，２２により挟持され，適当に加圧されている。すなわち，発電要素１０は，発電要素拘束板２１，２２により拘束されている。さらに発電要素拘束板２１は，正極集電端子３１および負極集電端子３２に固定されている。同様に，発電要素拘束板２２も正極集電端子３１および負極集電端子３２に固定されている。
【００１６】
発電要素１０は，図３に示すように正極の電極シート１２と，負極の電極シート１３とを有するものである。さらに発電要素１０には，セパレータや電解液が含まれている。また，発電要素１０は，電極シート１２，１３をセパレータとともに重ね合わせて捲回したものである。なお，図４に示すように適当な大きさでカットした電極シート１２，１３をセパレータとともに重ね合わせて積層したものであってもよい。発電要素１０の具体例としては，例えば正極の電極シート１２としてコバルト酸リチウム，負極の電極シート１３として黒鉛化炭素材料，セパレータとしてポリエチレン等の樹脂，さらに電解液としてリチウム塩を溶解させた有機溶媒が利用される。
【００１７】
発電要素拘束板２１は，図５に示すように金属部２１１と，金属部２１１を囲む枠体２１２とを有している。金属部２１１は，熱伝導率が高い材質のものである。例えば，アルミが該当する。また，枠体２１２は，絶縁性を有するものである。例えば，ＰＥＴ，ＡＢＳ等の熱可塑性樹脂が該当する。また，枠体２１２には，正極集電端子３１および負極集電端子３２に固定するためのネジ穴２１３，２１４が設けられている。
【００１８】
正極集電端子３１は，図６に示すように拘束部材３１１，３１４からなっている。なお，負極集電端子３２も同様である。この拘束部材３１１と拘束部材３１４との間に正極の電極シート１２が挟み込まれ，超音波溶接等にて接合される。また，正極集電端子３１の拘束部材３１１には，突起部３１２が設けられている。この突起部３１２は，ラミネートフィルム４１の外側に突出し，リチウムイオン電池１００の全体の正極端子として利用される部分である。また，拘束部材３１１には，発電要素拘束板２１と結合するための有底のネジ穴３１３が設けられている。なお，拘束部材３１４にも，同様のネジ穴３１５が設けられている。
【００１９】
図７は，図２に示した状態におけるリチウムイオン電池１００を組み合わせる前の状態を示す図である。リチウムイオン電池１００では，発電要素１０の正極部１２を挟んで，正極集電端子３１の拘束部材３１１，３１４が配置される。なお，拘束部材３１１および拘束部材３１４は，互いにネジ穴が設けられていない面で対向させる。また，負極部１３を挟んで，負極集電端子３２の拘束部材３２１，３２４が配置される。また，発電要素１０を挟んで，発電要素１０上に発電要素拘束板２１，２２が配置される。そして，発電要素拘束板２１のネジ穴２１３と正極集電端子３１のネジ穴３１３とが面上同じ位置に配置される。また，正極集電端子３１のネジ穴３１５と発電要素拘束板２２のネジ穴２２３とが面上同じ位置に配置される。そして，リベット等により，発電要素拘束板２１と正極集電端子３１とが接合される。また，正極集電端子３１と発電要素拘束板２２とが接合される。同様に，発電要素拘束板２１のネジ穴２１４と負極集電端子３２のネジ穴３２３とが面上同じ位置に配置される。また，負極集電端子３２のネジ穴３２５と発電要素拘束板２２のネジ穴２２４とが面上同じ位置に配置される。そして，これらの構成部品がリベット等で接合される。なお，発電要素拘束板２１，正極集電端子３１，および発電要素拘束板２２をまとめて接合してもよい。その場合には，正極集電端子３１の各ネジ穴を貫通穴とし，さらに正極部１２にも貫通穴を設ける。そして，それらの貫通穴を発電要素拘束板２１，２２の各ネジ穴とともに面上同じ位置に配置し，それらをまとめて接合する。
【００２０】
次に，本形態のリチウムイオン電池１００（単セル）の作成手順について説明する。まず，図３に示したような正極の電極シート１２および負極の電極シート１３を有する発電要素１０を用意とする。次に，図８示すように正極集電端子３１が発電要素１０に接合される。また，負極集電端子３２も同様に接合される。具体的には，発電要素１０の電極シート１２が正極集電端子３１の拘束部材３１１，３１４に挟み込まれ，超音波溶接等により接合される。これにより正極集電端子３１は，リチウムイオン電池１００の正極端子となる。また，発電要素１０の電極シート１３が負極集電端子３２の拘束部材３２１，３２４に挟み込まれ，超音波溶接等により接合される。これにより負極集電端子３２は，リチウムイオン電池１００の負極端子となる。
【００２１】
次に，図２に示したように発電要素拘束部材２１，２２が発電要素１０上に配置され，正極集電端子３１および負極集電端子３２に固定される。これにより発電要素１０は，発電要素拘束部材２１，２２に拘束される。よって，発電要素１０の膨張が抑制される。また，発電要素拘束部材２１の金属部２１１が発電要素１０と接しているため，発電要素１０で発生した熱が金属部２１１に伝達される。すなわち，金属部２１１は，発電要素１０の放熱板となっている。よって，発電要素１０の過熱を抑制することができる。また，発電要素拘束板２１は，枠体２１２で正極集電端子３１および負極集電端子３２に固定される。そのため，正極集電端子３１および負極集電端子３２と金属部２１１とは絶縁されている。次に，図１に示したように正極集電端子３１，負極集電端子３２，および発電要素拘束板２１，２２が装着された発電要素１０がラミネートフィルム４１にて被覆される。そして，ラミネートフィルム４１の縁辺が熱溶着等でシールされる。これにより，本形態のリチウムイオン電池１００（単セル）が作成される。
【００２２】
次に，単セル１００を組み合わせた組電池２００の作成手順について説明する。まず，図９（Ａ）に示すように単セル１０１〜１０４を平面上に並べて配置する。各単セルは，前述した単セルの作成手順にて作成されたものである。すなわち，各単セルの発電要素は，剛性がある発電要素拘束部材２１，２２により拘束されている。そのため，各単セルの膨張を抑制するための部材は不要である。また，各単セルの集電端子をまとめて拘束する集電端子拘束部材５１，５２が配置されている。さらには，各単セル上に保護プレート６１，６２が配置されている。この保護プレート６１，６２は，各単セルのラミネートフィルムの外傷を防止するためのものである。このように配置された各構成部品を１つに組み合わせると，図９（Ｂ）に示すような組電池２００が作成される。
【００２３】
以上詳細に説明したように本形態のリチウムイオン電池１００は，発電要素１０を一対の発電要素拘束板２１，２２で拘束することとしている。これにより，発電要素１０の膨張を抑制することができている。さらに，発電要素拘束板２１，２２により発電要素１０が保護されるため，釘刺し等に対する安全性が高い。また，発電要素拘束板２１，２２を正極集電端子３１および負極集電端子３２に固定することとしている。そして，発電要素拘束板２１，２２，正極集電端子３１および負極集電端子３２を装着した状態で，ラミネートフィルム４１を被せることとしている。すなわち，発電要素１０が拘束された状態で被覆されている。そのため，組電池とする際に，発電要素１０を拘束するためのケースや拘束部材等を用意する必要がない。そのため，組電池とする際の，単セルの配置，サイズ等の設計自由度が大きい。また，剛性がある発電要素拘束板２１，２２，正極集電端子３１，負極集電端子３２が固定されているため，組電池とした場合に安定する。よって，発電要素の膨張を抑制し，組電池とする際の設計自由度が大きい電池およびその電池にて構成された組電池が実現されている。
【００２４】
また，発電要素拘束板２１は金属部２１１を有することとしている。そして，その金属部２１１を発電要素１０と接するように配置することとしている。これにより，発電要素１０から発生する熱を外部に逃がすことができ，発電要素１０の過熱を抑制することができている。
【００２５】
また，本形態の組電池では，先に発電要素１０を拘束して後にラミネートフィルム４１で被覆している。従来の組電池では，先にラミネートフィルム４１で被覆して後に発電要素１０を拘束しているため，ラミネートフィルム４１も収納できるサイズのケースを用意しなければならない。しかしながら本形態の発電要素拘束部材２１，２２は，発電要素１０と同等のサイズである。従って，組電池の全体のサイズがコンパクトである。
【００２６】
なお，本実施の形態は単なる例示にすぎず，本発明を何ら限定するものではない。したがって本発明は当然に，その要旨を逸脱しない範囲内で種々の改良，変形が可能である。例えば，組電池の構成部品である電池はリチウムイオン電池に限るものではない。すなわち，ニッケル水素電池やニッカド電池でも本発明を適用できる。
【００２７】
なお，上述した本発明の実施形態には，特許請求の範囲に記載した発明以外にも，以下の付記に示すような発明が含まれる。
【００２８】
［付記１］ 複数個の電池を組み合わせてなる組電池において，
各電池は，
電極体を備えた発電要素と，
前記発電要素を挟んで対向し，前記発電要素を両側から拘束する拘束部材と，
前記拘束部材および前記発電要素をまとめて密封するラミネートフィルムとを有することを特徴とする組電池。
【００２９】
［付記２］ 付記１に記載する組電池において，
前記拘束部材は，前記発電要素にて発生した熱が伝達される放熱部を有し，
前記放熱部は，前記発電要素の電極体から絶縁されていることを特徴とする組電池。
【００３０】
［付記３］ 付記１または付記２に記載する組電池において，
前記発電要素の電極体に取り付けられた端子部材を有し，
前記拘束部材は，前記端子部材に固定されていることを特徴とする組電池。
【００３１】
【発明の効果】
以上の説明から明らかなように本発明によれば，発電要素の膨張を抑制し，コンパクトな組電池とすることができる電池およびその電池にて構成された組電池が提供されている。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】 実施の形態に係るリチウムイオン電池の外観を示す図である。
【図２】 図１に示したリチウムイオン電池におけるラミネートフィルムの密封前の外観を示す図である。
【図３】 リチウムイオン電池の発電要素の構成（捲回型）を示す図である。
【図４】 リチウムイオン電池の発電要素の構成（積層型）を示す図である。
【図５】 本形態の電池に係る発電要素拘束部材を示す図である。
【図６】 本形態の電池に係る正極集電端子を示す図である。
【図７】 リチウムイオン電池を組み合わせる前の状態を示す図である。
【図８】 集電端子が溶接された状態の発電要素を示す図である。
【図９】 実施の形態に係る組電池の作成手順を示す図である。
【図１０】 従来の形態のリチウムイオン電池に係る単電池の作成手順を示す図である。
【図１１】 従来の形態のリチウムイオン電池に係る組電池の作成手順（その１）を示す図である。
【図１２】 従来の形態のリチウムイオン電池に係る組電池の作成手順（その２）を示す図である。
【符号の説明】
１０ 発電要素
２１ 発電要素拘束板
３１ 正極集電端子
３２ 負極集電端子
４１ ラミネートフィルム
１００ リチウムイオン電池
２００ 組電池
２１１ 金属部
２１２ 枠体[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a battery in which a power generation element is sealed with a laminate film, and an assembled battery formed by combining the batteries.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, an assembled battery obtained by connecting a plurality of batteries is used in various electronic devices. As a battery that is a component of the assembled battery, for example, there is a lithium ion battery. In recent years, lithium ion batteries have attracted attention as power sources for not only electronic devices such as portable PCs and mobile phones, but also hybrid vehicles and electric vehicles.
[0003]
Some lithium ion batteries are used in a state in which a power generation element (electrode body, electrolyte, or the like) is sealed in a laminate film. The battery of such a form is produced by the procedure as shown in FIG. First, an electrode sheet 12 and 13 and a separator as shown in FIG. 10A and a separator wound together (hereinafter referred to as “power generation element 10”) are prepared. Next, as shown in FIG. 10B, the positive electrode terminal 38 and the negative electrode terminal 39 are attached to the electrode sheets 12 and 13, respectively. Next, as shown in FIG. 10C, the power generation element 10 is wrapped with a laminate film 41, and the edge of the laminate film 41 is sealed by heat welding. Thus, the battery (single cell) 300 sealed in the laminate film 41 is produced. As a description of such a battery, there is Patent Document 1, for example.
[0004]
Moreover, the assembled battery which combined the single cell 300 mentioned above is produced in the procedure as shown in FIG. 11 and FIG. First, as shown in FIG. 11A, a case 71 and a terminal restraining member 53 that restrains the positive terminal 38 and the negative terminal 39 are prepared. Then, the single cell 300 is housed in the case 71, and the single cell 300 is sealed together with the terminal restraining member 53 as shown in FIG. Then, as shown in FIG. 12A, the unit cells 301 to 304 stored in the case 71 are arranged side by side on the same plane. Furthermore, the single cells 301 to 304 are collectively restrained by the single cell restraining member 81 as shown in FIG. The assembled battery 400 is created as described above. As a description of the assembled battery in which single cells are arranged side by side on the same plane (width direction) as described above, for example, there is Patent Document 1. Moreover, as a description of an assembled battery in which single cells are arranged in the thickness direction, there is, for example, Patent Document 2.
[0005]
[Patent Document 1]
JP 2002-117828 A [Patent Document 2]
JP 60-205958 A [0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the prior art described above has the following problems. That is, in the lithium ion battery, the thickness of the electrode sheet changes due to charging and discharging. Therefore, like the battery 300 shown in FIG. 10 (battery described in Patent Document 1), when the power generation element 10 is not restrained, that is, in a state where it can freely expand and contract, Occurs. Then, there is a possibility that smooth charge transfer between the electrode sheets is hindered by the wrinkles.
[0007]
In addition, the assembled battery has the following problems. When single cells are arranged on the same plane as in the assembled battery shown in FIG. 12, a case 71 must be prepared for each single cell. This case 71 must be of a size that can accommodate not only the size of the power generation element 10 but also the sealing portion of the laminate film 41. Therefore, when the case 71 having such a size is combined, the overall size of the assembled battery 400 is increased. In addition, when the single cells are constrained together as shown in FIG. 12, the pressure applied to each single cell may be different due to the bending of the single cell constraining member 81. In addition, when the single cells are arranged in the thickness direction as in the assembled battery described in Patent Document 2, the power generation element contacts the inner wall of the case to apply the same pressure to each cell. Can do. However, with this arrangement, the size in the thickness direction is large, and the characteristics of a lithium ion battery that is flat (thin) cannot be fully utilized. Moreover, in any arrangement of assembled batteries, since it is necessary to constrain the single cells together, the degree of design freedom of the single cell arrangement is small.
[0008]
The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems of the prior art. That is, an object of the present invention is to provide a battery that can suppress the expansion of the power generation element and can be a compact assembled battery, and an assembled battery including the battery.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
A battery made for the purpose of solving this problem is opposed to a power generation element having an electrode body with the power generation element sandwiched therebetween, and the entire power generation element is constrained from both sides in the thickness direction of the power generation element. The power generation element includes a pair of restraining members that fix each other at a position that does not overlap with the electrode stacking position in the power generation element, and a laminate film that seals the restraint member and the power generation element together. The assembled battery of the present invention is a combination of the batteries of the present invention.
[0010]
That is, in the battery of the present invention, the power generation element is restrained by the restraining member. Therefore, expansion of the power generation element is suppressed. Further, the power generation element and the restraining member are collectively sealed with a laminate film. That is, the battery of the present invention is sealed with the power generation element being constrained. Therefore, when combining the batteries of the present invention into an assembled battery, there is no need to provide a case for storing single cells or a single cell restraining member for restraining the batteries together. Therefore, the overall size of the assembled battery is compact. In addition, the degree of freedom in designing the battery arrangement is great.
[0011]
In addition, it is preferable that the battery restraining member of the present invention has a heat radiating portion to which heat generated in the power generation element is transmitted, and the heat radiating portion is insulated from the electrode body of the power generation element. Thereby, overheating of a power generation element can be suppressed. Examples of the material of the heat radiating portion include metals such as aluminum and silver. Further, even if it is not a metal (including an alloy), it can be applied to the present invention if it is made of a material having high thermal conductivity. For example, high thermal conductivity ceramics such as aluminum nitride, or resin such as PE can be used in terms of restraint of the electrode body, although heat dissipation is inferior.
[0012]
The battery of the present invention preferably has a terminal member attached to the electrode body of the power generation element, and the restraining member is preferably fixed to the terminal member. Accordingly, when the battery of the present invention is combined to form an assembled battery, the power generation element, the restraining member, and the terminal member are integrated, so that the battery is stable.
[0013]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments embodying the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the present embodiment, the present invention is applied to a lithium ion battery mounted on a vehicle such as an electric vehicle.
[0014]
The lithium ion battery 100 according to the embodiment is in a state where the power generation element 10 is sealed by a laminate film 41 as shown in FIG. The laminate film 41 has a resin layer disposed on both sides of an aluminum foil. From the side surface of the lithium ion battery 100, a positive electrode current collector terminal 31 and a negative electrode current collector terminal 32 protrude.
[0015]
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a state before the lithium ion battery 100 is sealed. The lithium ion battery 100 of this embodiment includes a power generation element 10, power generation element restraining plates 21 and 22, a positive current collector terminal 31, and a negative current collector terminal 32. The positive electrode current collecting terminal 31 is electrically connected to the positive electrode sheet of the power generation element 10. The negative electrode current collecting terminal 32 is electrically connected to the negative electrode sheet of the power generation element 10. Further, the power generation element 10 is sandwiched between a pair of power generation element restraining plates 21 and 22 and is appropriately pressurized. That is, the power generation element 10 is restrained by the power generation element restraining plates 21 and 22. Further, the power generation element restraining plate 21 is fixed to the positive current collector terminal 31 and the negative current collector terminal 32. Similarly, the power generation element restraining plate 22 is also fixed to the positive current collector terminal 31 and the negative current collector terminal 32.
[0016]
As shown in FIG. 3, the power generation element 10 includes a positive electrode sheet 12 and a negative electrode sheet 13. Furthermore, the power generation element 10 includes a separator and an electrolytic solution. The power generation element 10 is obtained by winding electrode sheets 12 and 13 together with a separator. In addition, as shown in FIG. 4, you may laminate | stack the electrode sheets 12 and 13 cut by the appropriate magnitude | size with the separator. Specific examples of the power generation element 10 include, for example, lithium cobaltate as the positive electrode sheet 12, a graphitized carbon material as the negative electrode sheet 13, a resin such as polyethylene as a separator, and an organic solvent in which a lithium salt is dissolved as an electrolyte Is used.
[0017]
As shown in FIG. 5, the power generation element restraining plate 21 includes a metal part 211 and a frame body 212 that surrounds the metal part 211. The metal part 211 is made of a material having high thermal conductivity. For example, aluminum is applicable. The frame body 212 has an insulating property. For example, a thermoplastic resin such as PET or ABS is applicable. The frame body 212 is provided with screw holes 213 and 214 for fixing to the positive current collecting terminal 31 and the negative current collecting terminal 32.
[0018]
The positive electrode current collecting terminal 31 includes restraining members 311 and 314 as shown in FIG. The same applies to the negative electrode current collecting terminal 32. The positive electrode sheet 12 is sandwiched between the restraining member 311 and the restraining member 314 and joined by ultrasonic welding or the like. Further, a protrusion 312 is provided on the restraining member 311 of the positive electrode current collecting terminal 31. The protrusion 312 protrudes outside the laminate film 41 and is used as a positive electrode terminal of the entire lithium ion battery 100. The restraining member 311 is provided with a bottomed screw hole 313 for coupling with the power generation element restraining plate 21. A similar screw hole 315 is also provided in the restraining member 314.
[0019]
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a state before the lithium ion battery 100 is combined in the state shown in FIG. In the lithium ion battery 100, the restraining members 311 and 314 of the positive electrode current collecting terminal 31 are arranged with the positive electrode part 12 of the power generation element 10 interposed therebetween. Note that the restraining member 311 and the restraining member 314 are opposed to each other on a surface where no screw hole is provided. Further, the restraining members 321 and 324 of the negative electrode current collecting terminal 32 are arranged with the negative electrode part 13 interposed therebetween. Further, the power generation element restraining plates 21 and 22 are arranged on the power generation element 10 with the power generation element 10 interposed therebetween. And the screw hole 213 of the power generation element restraining plate 21 and the screw hole 313 of the positive electrode current collecting terminal 31 are arranged at the same position on the surface. Further, the screw hole 315 of the positive electrode current collecting terminal 31 and the screw hole 223 of the power generation element restraining plate 22 are arranged at the same position on the surface. Then, the power generating element restraining plate 21 and the positive electrode current collecting terminal 31 are joined by rivets or the like. Further, the positive electrode current collecting terminal 31 and the power generation element restraining plate 22 are joined. Similarly, the screw hole 214 of the power generation element restraining plate 21 and the screw hole 323 of the negative electrode current collecting terminal 32 are arranged at the same position on the surface. Further, the screw hole 325 of the negative electrode current collecting terminal 32 and the screw hole 224 of the power generation element restraining plate 22 are arranged at the same position on the surface. These components are joined by rivets or the like. The power generation element restraining plate 21, the positive electrode current collecting terminal 31, and the power generation element restraining plate 22 may be joined together. In that case, each screw hole of the positive electrode current collecting terminal 31 is a through hole, and further, a through hole is also provided in the positive electrode portion 12. And these through holes are arrange | positioned in the same position on a surface with each screw hole of the electric power generation element restraint plates 21 and 22, and they are joined collectively.
[0020]
Next, a procedure for producing the lithium ion battery 100 (single cell) of this embodiment will be described. First, a power generation element 10 having a positive electrode sheet 12 and a negative electrode sheet 13 as shown in FIG. 3 is prepared. Next, as shown in FIG. 8, the positive electrode current collecting terminal 31 is joined to the power generation element 10. Moreover, the negative electrode current collection terminal 32 is joined similarly. Specifically, the electrode sheet 12 of the power generation element 10 is sandwiched between the restraining members 311 and 314 of the positive electrode current collecting terminal 31 and joined by ultrasonic welding or the like. As a result, the positive electrode current collecting terminal 31 becomes the positive electrode terminal of the lithium ion battery 100. Further, the electrode sheet 13 of the power generation element 10 is sandwiched between the restraining members 321 and 324 of the negative electrode current collecting terminal 32 and joined by ultrasonic welding or the like. As a result, the negative electrode current collecting terminal 32 becomes the negative electrode terminal of the lithium ion battery 100.
[0021]
Next, as shown in FIG. 2, the power generation element restraining members 21 and 22 are disposed on the power generation element 10 and are fixed to the positive current collector terminal 31 and the negative current collector terminal 32. As a result, the power generation element 10 is restrained by the power generation element restraining members 21 and 22. Therefore, expansion of the power generation element 10 is suppressed. Further, since the metal part 211 of the power generation element restraining member 21 is in contact with the power generation element 10, the heat generated in the power generation element 10 is transmitted to the metal part 211. That is, the metal part 211 is a heat radiating plate of the power generation element 10. Therefore, overheating of the power generation element 10 can be suppressed. In addition, the power generating element restraining plate 21 is fixed to the positive current collecting terminal 31 and the negative current collecting terminal 32 by a frame body 212. Therefore, the positive electrode current collecting terminal 31 and the negative electrode current collecting terminal 32 are insulated from the metal part 211. Next, as shown in FIG. 1, the power generation element 10 on which the positive current collector terminal 31, the negative current collector terminal 32, and the power generation element restraining plates 21 and 22 are mounted is covered with a laminate film 41. And the edge of the laminate film 41 is sealed by heat welding or the like. Thereby, the lithium ion battery 100 (single cell) of this embodiment is produced.
[0022]
Next, a procedure for creating the assembled battery 200 combining the single cells 100 will be described. First, as shown in FIG. 9A, the single cells 101 to 104 are arranged side by side on a plane. Each single cell is created by the aforementioned single cell creation procedure. That is, the power generation element of each single cell is restrained by the power generation element restraining members 21 and 22 having rigidity. Therefore, a member for suppressing the expansion of each single cell is unnecessary. Further, current collecting terminal restraining members 51 and 52 for restraining the current collecting terminals of each single cell together are arranged. Furthermore, protective plates 61 and 62 are arranged on each single cell. The protective plates 61 and 62 are for preventing damage to the laminated film of each single cell. When the components arranged in this way are combined into one, an assembled battery 200 as shown in FIG. 9B is created.
[0023]
As described above in detail, in the lithium ion battery 100 of this embodiment, the power generation element 10 is restrained by the pair of power generation element restraining plates 21 and 22. Thereby, expansion of the power generation element 10 can be suppressed. Furthermore, since the power generation element 10 is protected by the power generation element restraining plates 21 and 22, safety against nail penetration and the like is high. Further, the power generation element restraining plates 21 and 22 are fixed to the positive electrode current collecting terminal 31 and the negative electrode current collecting terminal 32. The power generation element restraining plates 21, 22 and the positive electrode current collector terminal 31 and the negative electrode current collector terminal 32 are attached, and the laminate film 41 is covered. That is, the power generation element 10 is covered in a restrained state. Therefore, when using an assembled battery, there is no need to prepare a case or a restraining member for restraining the power generation element 10. For this reason, the degree of freedom in design such as the arrangement and size of single cells when using an assembled battery is great. In addition, since the power generating element restraining plates 21 and 22 having rigidity and the positive current collecting terminal 31 and the negative current collecting terminal 32 are fixed, the assembled battery is stable. Therefore, a battery that suppresses expansion of the power generation element and has a high degree of design freedom when it is used as an assembled battery, and an assembled battery including the battery are realized.
[0024]
In addition, the power generation element restraining plate 21 has a metal portion 211. The metal part 211 is arranged so as to be in contact with the power generation element 10. Thereby, the heat generated from the power generation element 10 can be released to the outside, and overheating of the power generation element 10 can be suppressed.
[0025]
In the assembled battery of this embodiment, the power generation element 10 is first restrained and later covered with the laminate film 41. In the conventional battery pack, since the power generation element 10 is later covered with the laminate film 41 and then the case is sized to accommodate the laminate film 41. However, the power generation element restraining members 21 and 22 of this embodiment are the same size as the power generation element 10. Therefore, the overall size of the assembled battery is compact.
[0026]
Note that this embodiment is merely an example, and does not limit the present invention. Therefore, the present invention can naturally be improved and modified in various ways without departing from the gist thereof. For example, the battery that is a component of the assembled battery is not limited to a lithium ion battery. That is, the present invention can be applied to a nickel metal hydride battery or a nickel cadmium battery.
[0027]
In addition to the inventions described in the claims, the embodiments of the present invention described above include inventions as shown in the following supplementary notes.
[0028]
[Appendix 1] In an assembled battery composed of a plurality of batteries,
Each battery
A power generation element with an electrode body;
A constraining member facing the power generation element and constraining the power generation element from both sides;
A battery pack comprising: a laminate film that collectively seals the restraining member and the power generating element.
[0029]
[Appendix 2] In the assembled battery described in Appendix 1,
The restraining member has a heat radiating portion to which heat generated in the power generation element is transmitted,
The assembled battery, wherein the heat dissipating part is insulated from the electrode body of the power generating element.
[0030]
[Supplementary Note 3] In the assembled battery described in Supplementary Note 1 or Supplementary Note 2,
A terminal member attached to the electrode body of the power generating element;
The assembled battery, wherein the restraining member is fixed to the terminal member.
[0031]
【The invention's effect】
As is apparent from the above description, according to the present invention, there are provided a battery that can suppress the expansion of the power generation element and can be a compact assembled battery, and an assembled battery including the battery.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an external appearance of a lithium ion battery according to an embodiment.
2 is a view showing an appearance before sealing of a laminate film in the lithium ion battery shown in FIG. 1. FIG.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a configuration (winding type) of a power generation element of a lithium ion battery.
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a configuration (stacked type) of a power generation element of a lithium ion battery.
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a power generation element restraining member according to the battery of the present embodiment.
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a positive electrode current collecting terminal according to the battery of the present embodiment.
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a state before a lithium ion battery is combined.
FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a power generation element in a state where current collecting terminals are welded.
FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a procedure for creating the assembled battery according to the embodiment.
FIG. 10 is a diagram showing a procedure for producing a unit cell according to a lithium ion battery of a conventional form.
FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a procedure (No. 1) for creating an assembled battery according to a conventional lithium ion battery.
FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a procedure (part 2) for creating an assembled battery according to a lithium ion battery of a conventional form.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Power generation element 21 Power generation element restraint board 31 Positive electrode current collection terminal 32 Negative electrode current collection terminal 41 Laminate film 100 Lithium ion battery 200 Assembly battery 211 Metal part 212 Frame

Claims (4)

電極体を備えた発電要素と，
前記発電要素を挟んで対向し，前記発電要素全体を前記発電要素の厚さ方向の両側から拘束し，前記発電要素の厚さ方向から見て前記発電要素のうちの電極積層箇所と重ならない位置で互いを固定する一対の拘束部材と，
前記拘束部材および前記発電要素をまとめて密封するラミネートフィルムとを有することを特徴とする電池。A power generation element with an electrode body;
Positions that face each other across the power generation element, restrain the entire power generation element from both sides in the thickness direction of the power generation element, and do not overlap with electrode stacking positions in the power generation element when viewed from the thickness direction of the power generation element A pair of restraining members that secure each other with
A battery comprising: a laminate film that collectively seals the restraining member and the power generating element. 請求項１または請求項２に記載する電池において，
前記拘束部材は，前記発電要素にて発生した熱が伝達される放熱部を有し，
前記放熱部は，前記発電要素の電極体から絶縁されていることを特徴とする電池。The battery according to claim 1 or claim 2,
The restraining member has a heat radiating portion to which heat generated in the power generation element is transmitted,
The battery, wherein the heat dissipating part is insulated from the electrode body of the power generating element. 請求項１から請求項３のいずれか１つに記載する電池において，
前記発電要素の電極体に取り付けられた端子部材を有し，
前記拘束部材は，前記端子部材に固定されていることを特徴とする電池。In the battery according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
A terminal member attached to the electrode body of the power generating element;
The battery, wherein the restraining member is fixed to the terminal member. 複数個の電池を組み合わせてなる組電池において，
各電池は，
電極体を備えた発電要素と，
前記発電要素を挟んで対向し，前記発電要素全体を前記発電要素の厚さ方向の両側から拘束し，前記発電要素の厚さ方向から見て前記発電要素のうちの電極積層箇所と重ならない位置で互いを固定する一対の拘束部材と，
前記拘束部材および前記発電要素をまとめて密封するラミネートフィルムとを有することを特徴とする組電池。In an assembled battery formed by combining a plurality of batteries,
Each battery
A power generation element with an electrode body;
Positions that face each other across the power generation element, restrain the entire power generation element from both sides in the thickness direction of the power generation element, and do not overlap with electrode stacking positions in the power generation element when viewed from the thickness direction of the power generation element A pair of restraining members that secure each other with
A battery pack comprising: a laminate film that collectively seals the restraining member and the power generating element.
JP2003151132A 2003-05-28 2003-05-28 Battery and battery pack Expired - Fee Related JP4172328B2 (en)

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JP4424053B2 (en) * 2004-04-28 2010-03-03 トヨタ自動車株式会社 Laminated secondary battery and its assembled battery
JP4586656B2 (en) * 2005-07-05 2010-11-24 トヨタ自動車株式会社 Film exterior type lithium battery
JP5028346B2 (en) * 2008-06-27 2012-09-19 Ｆｄｋ株式会社 Power storage device
JP2010033922A (en) * 2008-07-30 2010-02-12 Nec Tokin Corp Layered secondary battery
JP5374979B2 (en) * 2008-09-10 2013-12-25 株式会社村田製作所 Batteries and batteries
US8974952B2 (en) 2009-10-13 2015-03-10 Samsung Sdi Co., Ltd. Rechargeable battery
KR101135478B1 (en) * 2010-02-04 2012-04-13 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 Rechargeable battery
KR101522377B1 (en) * 2010-08-13 2015-05-21 주식회사 엘지화학 Cover cap for protecting a electode of pouch type secondary electric cell
WO2012036397A2 (en) * 2010-09-16 2012-03-22 Jung Eun-Ey Secondary battery
KR101221101B1 (en) 2010-09-16 2013-01-11 정윤이 Rechargeable battery
CN109904559A (en) * 2019-01-28 2019-06-18 天津荣事顺发电子有限公司 A kind of pair of battery electrode rapid heat radiation device

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