JP4163872B2 - Nozzle body and method for jet entanglement for generating very fine liquid jets in hydroentanglement devices - Google Patents

Abstract

The water jet streams on a nozzle beam for the hydrodynamic water needling are formed inside a nozzle body (14, 31) which extends over the length of the nozzle beam. The material of the nozzle strip (14) is, in general, made of high-grade steel in which the holes (30) for the nozzle jet streams are punched or drilled. According to the invention, the material of the nozzle body (31) is made of hard metal, ceramic or of a material having similar properties such as sapphire, and the holes are then made using a laser beam or an electrical discharge machining method or a diamond drill. The nozzle body can be provided as a nozzle strip or only as one individual unit that produces the respective water jet stream. This ensures not only a high level of abrasive resistance of the hole edge areas, but very smooth and, in particular, longer hole walls which can also be produced with sharp-edges and without the formation of burrs.

Description

[0001]
The present invention involves the entanglement of long fibers (endlos.Fasers) or short fibers (endrich.Fasers) in a product web made of chemical fibers or natural fibers to produce nonwovens (Nonwovens), thin fabrics (Tissues), woven fabrics (Geweben). ) Or a nozzle strip for generating a very fine liquid jet for forming a knitted fabric, which nozzle preferably extends in a transverse direction perpendicular to the product web to be fed Is supported in a liquid-tight manner in a beam (also called a jet head), the length of the nozzle beam corresponds to the width of the product web, and a maximum liquid pressure of 1000 bar is formed in the nozzle beam. The liquid pressure is applied to the nozzle strip, the wall of the nozzle beam, with a through slit Crimped, with a diameter of 0.08 to 0.15 mm, i.e. minimal, arranged at a distance of 20 to 128 hpi, i.e. very closely side by side, in order to generate a liquid jet in the nozzle strip The present invention relates to a type in which a large number of nozzle holes are machined.
[0002]
A nozzle strip of this type is known, for example, from EP 0 725 175 A1. The nozzle strip extends over a large working width and is generally formed from a thin sheet of special steel, for example, having a plurality of mechanically formed holes. The nozzle strip or the hole formed in the nozzle strip has a geometry that has been well tested and repeatedly improved in actual use, but the hole has such a geometry. The manufacturing method is extremely expensive. The walls of the individual nozzle holes with a diameter up to 0.1 mm must be extremely smooth. Therefore, these holes are drilled or stamped. The hole geometry is particularly important for forming a water jet, a water jet. Therefore, in general, behind the nozzle cross section defining the water jet is a conical portion extending over the height of the nozzle hole. Thereby, it is also avoided that the formed water jet is cleaved by friction in the hole wall in the middle of the hole end. Due to the ever-increasing water pressure required from the point of use and due to constant wear, the edge area of the nozzle hole quickly becomes unclean. This results in a water jet that is not sharp and non-circular, and such a water jet imparts unsatisfactory energy to the dynamic processing of the product web.
[0003]
The problem underlying the present invention is a nozzle body or nozzle strip that can be formed accurately and has an extremely smooth nozzle hole over its effective length, and whose inner surface exhibits wear resistance over a long period of time. Is to develop.
[0004]
Starting from a nozzle body of the type mentioned at the outset, the solution to the above problem is equivalent to or similar to cemented carbide (Hartmetal) or ceramic materials or these materials as the material for the nozzle strips or individual nozzle bodies. It is recognized that a material having the following physical properties has been selected and that the nozzle strip or individual nozzle body is held and supported by another material, such as special steel, over its entire surface extension length . Such materials also include artificial ruby and sapphire, ie single crystal aluminum oxide. Since these materials, especially ceramics, are brittle, it is desirable to prioritize a group of cemented carbides with high E modules first. Cemented carbide is a two-phase or multi-phase alloy produced by powder metallurgy using a metallurgical binder. Cemented carbides can be classified into K, M and P types;
Type K tungsten carbide-cobalt alloy: characterized by high hardness,
Additives of titanium carbide and tantalum carbide such as M-type cermet (5-15
%): Characterized by higher hot wear resistance,
Type P Titanium carbide / tantalum carbide content higher (10 to 60%): Characterized by better steel cutting.
[0005]
Using these materials, it is possible to produce nozzle bodies having nozzle holes with the great advantage of having high wear resistance. These materials are currently used for cutting metal alloys, for example any material for pressures up to 10,000 bar, as described for example in GB 2178342, or in Germany It is used for high pressure cleaning equipment as described in Federal Patent Application No. 2908648. In this case, only individual nozzles or associated nozzle portions are thus formed from the material. And now these materials are going to be used for a number of fluid jets arranged directly side by side in a water entanglement machine (Waterstrahl-Vernadelungsmaskine) for water entanglement using water jets (also called spunlace) That is why.
[0006]
These materials have been found to be particularly suitable for laser beam machining or electrical discharge machining. Since the cutting edge formed in this material in the case of laser beam processing can be cut smoothly, in some cases, post-treatment of holes that have been required so far can be dispensed with. In the case of electric discharge machining, even better results are obtained, and particularly good results are also obtained in the case of drilling using a diamond punch. As long as this is the case, it is a constituent requirement of the present invention that a hole for a nozzle jet provided in the nozzle body is manufactured from the material by laser beam machining, electric discharge machining or a diamond punch.
[0007]
The nozzle body is advantageous because the nozzle body can be formed with a total thickness of the nozzle body. In other words, the expansion portion that has been introduced so far and expands in a conical shape toward the outlet of the hole becomes unnecessary. The nozzle holes preferably have a diameter of 0.08 to 0.15 mm, and the hole interval is preferably 20 to 128 hpi in one or two rows. The thickness of the nozzle body is 0.8-2 mm. However, the length of the nozzle hole can be much larger, for example even a maximum of 3 mm or more is advantageous.
[0008]
In accordance with the idea of the present invention, special advantages are given by not having to make the entire nozzle strip from the same material. It is desirable that a supportive material, such as special steel, supports another material for the unique nozzle body. However, this can also be done on the entire surface only for the individual nozzle bodies.
[0009]
Several possibilities are offered for alternative configurations of the nozzle body and thus the nozzle strip for larger working widths. The cemented carbide or ceramic material is so brittle that the material forming the nozzle holes can be supported in a more stable frame or the material can be applied to a support made of, for example, special steel. . Thereby, the nozzle body is formed over the entire length of the nozzle strip from the hard materials listed above, or consists of cemented carbide, ceramics or sapphire, each with one wall, for example cylindrical small It may be formed as a unit or a very small unit and thus supported as a separate part on another support material, for example a special steel, formed in the form of a strip and held on this support material. In that case, with respect to these individual nozzle body parts, it is possible to arrange and fix a large number of individual nozzle body parts side by side, or to arrange and fix a large number of nozzle bodies in respective predetermined holes. it can. Fixing can be performed by adhesion.
[0010]
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
[0011]
The casing of the nozzle beam is composed of an upper part 1 and a lower part 2 screwed to the upper part 1 by screws 3 from below at several places over the entire length. The upper part 1 has two holes 4, 5 along the longitudinal direction. Among the two holes, the upper hole is the pressure chamber 4, and the lower hole is the pressure distribution chamber 5. Both chambers 4 and 5 are open on one end face side, and are screwed together so as to be liquid-tightly closed by the cover again. Both chambers 4 and 5 are separated from each other by an intermediate wall. The partition wall is provided with a large number of through holes 9 over the entire length of the nozzle beam, and these through holes 9 connect the chambers 4 and 5 to each other. As a result, the liquid flowing into the pressure chamber 4 is uniformly distributed over the entire length and flows into the pressure distribution chamber 5. In the pressure distribution chamber 5, the baffle body 20 is additionally held by the holding device 21. The pressure distribution chamber 5 is opened downward, and in this case, the pressure distribution chamber 5 is opened by a slit 10 having a width smaller than the diameter of the hole of the pressure distribution chamber 5. This slit 10 also extends over the entire length of the nozzle beam.
[0012]
As shown in FIG. 1, the upper part 1 of the casing is screwed to the lower part 2 in a rigid and liquid-tight manner. Sealability is ensured by the O-ring 11. The O-ring 11 is fitted in an annular groove provided in the upper part 1. A key protrusion 23 is provided at the center between the O-ring 11 and the slit 10 and surrounds the slit 10. The key protrusion 23 is fitted in a corresponding groove 24 provided in the lower part 2 of the casing, and has a repair groove 26 for the O-ring 12. The outer edge 25 of the repair groove 26 is directed to the edge of the nozzle strip 14. An annular groove is also provided at the bottom of the groove 24 of the lower part 2, and an O-ring 12 for sealing the nozzle strip 14 is fitted into the annular groove. Below the through-hole 9 and the slit 10 for the liquid, a slit 13 is similarly machined and formed in the lower part 2 of the casing so as to align with the through-hole 9 and the slit 10. The upper region of the slit 13 is formed to be extremely small, and remains a little larger than the width of the effective nozzle opening of the nozzle strip 14.
[0013]
FIG. 1 is intended only to illustrate the type of support of the nozzle strip 14 or the nozzle body 31, the nozzle beam itself being disclosed in a completely different appearance, for example in German Offenlegungsschrift 19921694. It may have an external appearance.
[0014]
The nozzle strip 14 accommodates a number of nozzle holes 30 and has a predetermined width required to support the nozzle strip 14 above the O-ring 12. If the nozzle body 31 is manufactured as a separate part and is supported on the nozzle strip 14, the nozzle body 31 is respectively in an individual notch 32 provided in the material containing the nozzle body 31. Is retained. This material may be a unique nozzle strip 33 material, as illustrated in FIGS. This is advantageous because a plurality of notches 32 can be machined through the nozzle strip 33. This nozzle strip 33 is then applied to the support strip 34. The support strip 34 has a plurality of holes 35 corresponding to the arrangement of the nozzle body 31. In this case, the holes 35 are provided in the nozzle body 31 to form a predetermined shape of the nozzle jet. Each hole 30 is formed to have a larger diameter than the hole 30. As a result, the water jet can flow smoothly through the entire strip 14; 33, 34.
[0015]
Of course, the nozzle body 31 is manufactured from a hard material with resistance. The material of the strips 33, 33 'may be made of special steel, but the material of the support strips 34, 34' may be made of a rigid hard material such as cemented carbide. This reduces the excessive elasticity of the long strip desired at the site of use.
[0016]
In order to obtain a uniform confounding effect, it is advantageous to arrange the nozzle bodies 31 directly on the support strip 34 'as shown in FIGS. This allows nozzle jets to be formed in closer contact with each other as required in the hydroentanglement industry. In any case, it is advantageous to dispose the nozzle bodies 31 in two rows (FIGS. 2 and 4). In order to hold the nozzle body 31, in the case of the embodiment of FIG. 4, it is not necessary to provide a hole in the material of the strip 33 ′, and a partition on both sides in order to fix the nozzle body 31 laterally. It is only necessary to provide 32 '(in some cases a circular segment).
[0017]
In any case, the nozzle body 31 is glued in the strips 33, 33 'and / or on the support strips 34, 34'.
[0018]
The holes provided in the individual nozzle bodies 31 are accurately formed in a cylindrical shape over the entire length thereof. The edge edge of the water inlet hole forms a sharp edge, which is also true for the water outlet hole. In any case, the outflow end portion of the nozzle hole 30 is not provided with a conical enlarged portion that has been considered necessary until now.
[0019]
The drawings illustrated in FIGS. 2 to 5 are drawn to be significantly larger than actual. The hole interval is preferably 20 to 128 hpi. That is, the diameter of the nozzle body 31 is about 1 mm, and therefore the nozzle hole 30 itself is extremely fine, that is, 0.08 to 0.15 mm.
[0020]
2 to 5 show an embodiment in which the nozzle body 31 is supported as a separate part on the support strips 34, 34 '. However, the entire strip 33, 33 ′ is manufactured from a hard material, the nozzle hole 30 is provided directly in this strip and this strip is used alone as a nozzle strip, or such a strip can be used as such. It is also possible to rest on support strips 34, 34 'which are not so brittle and are made, for example, from special steel.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a nozzle beam as disclosed in EP 0725175.
FIG. 2 is a plan view of a nozzle strip with individual nozzle bodies supported on a nozzle strip of another material.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the nozzle strip shown in FIG.
FIG. 4 is a plan view of a nozzle strip with individual nozzle bodies supported in close contact with each other, supported by a nozzle strip of another material.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the nozzle strip shown in FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Upper part 2 Lower part 3 Screw 4 Pressure chamber 5 Pressure distribution chamber 6 Through-hole 10 Slit 11, 12 O-ring 13 Slit 14 Nozzle strip 20 Baffle body 21 Holding device 23 Key protrusion 24 Groove 25 Outer edge part 26 Repair groove 30 Nozzle hole 31 Nozzle Body 32 notch 32 'partition 33, 33' strip 34, 34 'support strip 35 hole

Claims (14)

Nozzle strip (14) for jetting tangled long or short fibers in a product web of chemical or natural fibers to generate a fine liquid jet to form a nonwoven, thin woven, woven or knitted fabric The nozzle strip (14) is liquid-tightly supported in a nozzle beam (1) extending across the width of the product web, the length of the nozzle beam (1) corresponding to the width of the product web A liquid pressure of up to 1000 bar is formed in the nozzle beam (1), the liquid pressure comprising a nozzle strip (14) and a through-slit (13) of the nozzle beam (1). Are pressed against the wall (2), and are arranged at an interval of 20 to 128 hpi in order to generate a liquid jet on the nozzle strip (14), ie very closely side by side. , The diameter of 0.08～0.15Mm, i.e. in what form a number of nozzle holes of the minimum (30) is machined molded nozzle strip (14) has a nozzle hole (30), carbide A nozzle body (31) made of any one of an alloy, a ceramic material, and sapphire; a strip (33, 33 ') made of special steel that holds the nozzle body (31) at regular intervals; and the strip (33, 33) 33 ′) and a support strip (34, 34 ′) made of special steel, the support strip (34, 34 ′) corresponding to the nozzle hole (30) of the nozzle body (31). A nozzle strip for generating a very fine liquid jet in a jet entanglement device, characterized by having holes (35) . Hole (35) does not affect the water jet from the nozzle holes (30), in order to pass the water jets smoothly, has a larger passage cross section than the nozzle hole (30), according to claim 1 Symbol placement of the nozzle strip. Nozzle body (31), with a wall, be formed as a cylindrical unit, the support strip (34, 34 ') is supported as a separate part on, held on the support strip (34, 34') It is, according to claim 1 or 2 nozzle strip according. 4. The nozzle strip according to claim 3 , wherein a number of nozzle bodies (31) are arranged closely side by side on the support strip (34, 34 '). 4. A nozzle strip according to claim 3, wherein a number of nozzle bodies (31) are displaced from one another in two rows and are arranged on the support strip (34, 34 '). Wherein the strip (33, 33 '), the nozzle according to any one of the outs cut to accommodate individual cylindrical nozzle body (31) (32) is provided, Claims 1 to 5 strip. Said notches are formed in each round, the nozzle strips 請 Motomeko 6 wherein. The nozzle strip according to claim 6, wherein the notch is formed corresponding to a segment in which the nozzle bodies (31) are closely arranged.   9. A nozzle strip according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein nozzle holes are machined into the material using a laser beam.   The nozzle strip according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the nozzle hole is formed by machining the material using electric discharge machining (die-sinking electric discharge machining).   9. A nozzle strip according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein nozzle holes are machined in the material using a diamond punch. Smoothing is very small on the inner surface of the nozzle hole (30) is formed by a maximum 0.01μ roughness R _A, nozzle strip according to any one of claims 1 to 11. The nozzle strip according to any one of claims 1 to 12 , wherein the nozzle hole (30) is formed so as to form a sharp edge over the entire circumference with respect to the surface of the nozzle body (31). 14. A nozzle strip according to claim 13 , wherein the effective nozzle hole length (30) extends over the entire height of the nozzle body cross section.

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