EP1210179A1 - Nozzle body for producing superfine liquid jet streams on water needling devices and a jet needling method - Google Patents

Nozzle body for producing superfine liquid jet streams on water needling devices and a jet needling method

Info

Publication number
EP1210179A1
EP1210179A1 EP00958476A EP00958476A EP1210179A1 EP 1210179 A1 EP1210179 A1 EP 1210179A1 EP 00958476 A EP00958476 A EP 00958476A EP 00958476 A EP00958476 A EP 00958476A EP 1210179 A1 EP1210179 A1 EP 1210179A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
nozzle
nozzle body
body according
holes
length
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP00958476A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP1210179B1 (en
Inventor
Gerold Fleissner
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Truetzschler Nonwovens GmbH
Original Assignee
Gerold Fleissner
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Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Gerold Fleissner filed Critical Gerold Fleissner
Publication of EP1210179A1 publication Critical patent/EP1210179A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP1210179B1 publication Critical patent/EP1210179B1/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
    • D04H18/00—Needling machines
    • D04H18/04—Needling machines with water jets

Definitions

  • Nozzle body for producing the finest liquid jets on water needling devices and methods for interlacing jets
  • the invention relates to a nozzle body for the production of the finest liquid jets for the interlacing of endless or finite fibers in webs of chemical or natural fibers in nonwovens, tissues, woven or knitted fabrics, which preferably extends in a length that is transverse to the leading web Nozzle bar corresponding to the width of the material web is stored in a liquid-tight manner, a liquid pressure of up to 1000 bar being generated in the nozzle bar, which presses the nozzle strip against a wall of the nozzle bar provided with a flow slot, wherein a plurality of closely arranged ones are arranged in the nozzle strip to generate the liquid jets , smallest holes are made in diameter.
  • a nozzle strip is e.g. B. is known from EP-A-0 725 175. It extends over a large working width and is generally made of a thin sheet of stainless steel with z. B. mechanically produced holes. This nozzle strip or the holes made in it have a geometry which has been tried and tested in practice and which is always improved, which is very expensive in the production process. The wall of the individual nozzle holes up to 0.1 mm in diameter must be extremely smooth, which is why the holes are drilled or punched.
  • the geometry of the holes is of particular importance for the formation of the water jet, which is why a diffuse, conical part adjoins the height of the nozzle hole generally behind a nozzle cross section that determines the water jet, and also does not pass through the water jet formed on the way to the end of the hole Tearing up friction on the walls of the hole.
  • the holes quickly become unclean in the edge areas due to the water pressure that is increasingly desired in practice and also because of the constant abrasion. This creates blurry, out-of-round water rays that only bring an unsatisfactory energy into the dynamic treatment of the web.
  • the invention has for its object to develop a nozzle body, a nozzle strip, in which precisely formed, extremely smooth over the effective length nozzle holes can be generated and the inner surface are resistant to abrasion even for a long time.
  • a hard metal or a ceramic material or a material that has the same or similar physical properties is selected as the material for the nozzle body.
  • Synthetic rubies and sapphires, i.e. monocrystalline aluminum oxides are also to be understood here.
  • the materials are brittle, in particular ceramics, so that the group of hard metals with a high modulus of elasticity is to be preferred first.
  • Hard metals are two or multi-phase alloys made by powder metallurgy with a metallurgical binder. Hard metals can be divided into groups K, M and P:
  • K group tungsten carbide-cobalt alloy is characterized by high hardness.
  • these materials are particularly suitable for laser beam or spark erosion treatment.
  • the cut edges when lasering in this material can be cut smoothly, so that it may even be unnecessary to rework the holes.
  • the result is better for spark erosion and particularly good for drilling with diamond drills.
  • the nozzle body, with its material thickness, can preferably form the nozzle hole at full height, which means that the conical enlargement to the outlet of the hole hm, which has to be introduced up to now, is eliminated.
  • the holes should have a diameter of 0.08 to 0.15 mm and the hole spacing should be between 20 and 128 hpi in one or two rows.
  • the thickness of the nozzle body is between 0.8 and 2 mm.
  • the length of the nozzle hole punch can also be considerably larger, such as up to 3 mm or more
  • a particular advantage is given by the idea according to the invention in that the entire nozzle strip does not have to be made from one and the same material.
  • a load-bearing material such as, for example, stainless steel, should carry the other material for the actual nozzle body or bodies full area but also only with respect to a single nozzle body
  • the nozzle body for larger working widths. Since the hard metal or a ceramic material is very brittle, it was possible to store the material forming the nozzle holes in a more stable frame or to apply the material to a support, e.g. made of stainless steel
  • the nozzle body could thus be made of the aforementioned hard materials over the entire length of the nozzle strip or only as a small to smallest unit, each provided with a wall, for example a cylindrical unit made of hard metal, ceramic or a sapphire, and thus as a single part on the other Fen-shaped support material such as stainless steel is propped up and held there.
  • a large number of these individual shower body parts are then to be arranged and fastened directly next to one another or in bores provided for this purpose.
  • the fastening can be carried out by gluing
  • FIG. 1 shows a section across a nozzle bar, as disclosed in EP 0 725 175
  • FIG. 2 shows the top view of a nozzle strip with individual nozzle bodies, which are made from others on a nozzle strip 3 shows a section through the nozzle strip according to FIG. 2, 4: the top view of a nozzle strip with individual nozzle bodies which are very close to one another and which are carried on a nozzle strip made of a different material, and
  • FIG. 5 shows a section through the nozzle strip according to FIG. 4.
  • the housing of the nozzle bar consists of an upper part 1, which is screwed to the lower part 2 many times over the length by the screws 3 from below.
  • the upper part 1 has two bores 4 and 5, the upper of which is the pressure chamber 4 and the lower one the pressure distribution chamber 5. Both chambers are open on one end and screwed tight again through the cover.
  • the two chambers 4 and 5 are separated from one another by an intermediate wall.
  • a large number of flow bores 9 in the intermediate wall connect the two chambers along the length of the nozzle bar, so that the liquid flowing into the pressure chamber 4 flows uniformly over the length into the pressure distribution chamber 5, in which an impact body 20 is additionally held on brackets 21 ,
  • the pressure distribution chamber is open at the bottom, namely through the slot 10 which is narrow in relation to the diameter of the bore of the pressure distribution chamber 5 and which also extends over the length of the beam.
  • the upper part 1 is screwed to the lower part 2 firmly and in a liquid-tight manner.
  • the tightness is caused by the O-ring 1 1, which lies in an annular groove of the upper part 1.
  • the slot 10 encloses a spring projection 23 which is fitted into a corresponding groove 24 in the lower part 2 and which has a repair groove 26 for the O-ring 12, the outer edges 25 of which rest against the edge of the Nozzle strip 14 are directed.
  • an annular groove is again introduced, in which the O-ring 12 lies for sealing the nozzle strip 14.
  • a slot 13 is also made in the lower part 2, which is only very narrow in its upper region and leaves only a little more than the width of the effective nozzle openings of the nozzle strip 14 open.
  • the nozzle bar can also look very different, namely as disclosed for example in DE-A-199 21 694.
  • the nozzle strip 14 has a certain width, which is necessary for receiving the nozzle holes 30 and for storage above the O-ring 12. If nozzle bodies are produced as individual parts 31 and are mounted on the nozzle strip 14, then they are held in individual recesses 32 of a material that accommodates the nozzle bodies 31. This material can be that of a separate nozzle strip 33, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 5. This is advantageous in that the recesses 32 can be introduced transversely through the nozzle strip 33.
  • This nozzle strip is then placed on a carrier strip 34, which in turn has holes 35 in line with the arrangement of the nozzle bodies 31 in such a way that they are larger in diameter and larger than the holes 30 provided for shaping the nozzle jet, so that the water jets are unimpeded through the entire strip 14; 33, 34 can flow.
  • the nozzle bodies 31 are to be made from the hard, resistant material.
  • the material of the strip 33, 33 ' can be made of stainless steel, but that of the carrier strip 34, 34' can also be made of a hard, stiff material, such as hard metal, in order to reduce the elasticity of the long strip desired in practice.
  • the nozzle bodies 31 For the uniform needling effect, it is better to arrange the nozzle bodies 31 directly next to one another on the carrier strip 34 ', as is shown in FIGS. 4 and 5. This enables the jet streams to be generated closer together, as is required in the water needling industry. In any case, it is advantageous to arrange the nozzle bodies 31 in two rows (FIGS. 2 and 4) offset from one another. In the case of the example according to FIG. 4, no holes need to be drilled into the material of the strip 33 'to hold the nozzle body 31, but only boundaries 32' (possibly circular segments) on both sides in order to fix the nozzle body 31 laterally.
  • the nozzle body 31 is glued in the strip 33, 33 'and / or on the carrier 34, 34'.
  • the bores 31, as in the individual nozzle bodies 31, are exactly cylindrical over their entire length.
  • the edge of the water inlet hole is sharp and that of the water outlet. In any case, no conical widening is provided at the outlet end of the nozzle hole 30, as was previously considered necessary.
  • the representation in FIGS. 2-5 is greatly enlarged.
  • the hole spacing should be 20 to 128 hpi.
  • the diameter of the nozzle body 31 is thus around 1 mm, and the nozzle holes 30 themselves are accordingly fine, namely 0.08-0.15 mm.
  • nozzle bodies 31 are mounted as individual parts on the carrier strips 34, 34 '. It is also possible to produce the strips 33, 33 'entirely from the hard material and to provide them with the nozzle holes 30 directly and then to use them alone as a nozzle strip or to store them on the strips 34, 34', which itself is not as brittle is and z. B. is made of stainless steel.

Abstract

The water jet streams on a nozzle beam for the hydrodynamic water needling are formed inside a nozzle body (14, 31) which extends over the length of the nozzle beam. The material of the nozzle strip (14) is, in general, made of high-grade steel in which the holes (30) for the nozzle jet streams are punched or drilled. According to the invention, the material of the nozzle body (31) is made of hard metal, ceramic or of a material having similar properties such as sapphire, and the holes are then made using a laser beam or an electrical discharge machining method or a diamond drill. The nozzle body can be provided as a nozzle strip or only as one individual unit that produces the respective water jet stream. This ensures not only a high level of abrasive resistance of the hole edge areas, but very smooth and, in particular, longer hole walls which can also be produced with sharp-edges and without the formation of burrs.

Description

Düsenkörper zur Erzeugung von feinsten Flüssigkeitsstrahlen an Wasservernadelungs- einrichtungen und Verfahren zur StrahlverflechtungNozzle body for producing the finest liquid jets on water needling devices and methods for interlacing jets
Die Erfindung bezieht sich auf einen Düsenkörper zur Erzeugung von feinsten Flüssigkeitsstrahlen zur Strahlverflechtung von endlosen oder endlichen Fasern in Warenbahnen aus Chemie- oder Naturfasern in Nonwovens, Tissue, Geweben oder Gewirken, der vorzugsweise in einem quer zur vorlaufenden Warenbahn sich erstreckenden, in seiner Länge der Breite der Warenbahn entsprechenden Düsenbalken flüssigkeitsdicht gelagert ist, wobei in dem Düsenbalken ein Flüssigkeitsdruck bis zu 1000 bar erzeugt ist, der den Düsenstreifen gegen eine mit einem Durchflussschlitz versehene Wandung des Düsenbalkens presst, wobei in den Düsenstreifen zur Erzeugung der Flüssigkeitsstrahlen eine Vielzahl von dicht nebeneinander angeordneten, im Durchmesser kleinste Löcher eingebracht sind.The invention relates to a nozzle body for the production of the finest liquid jets for the interlacing of endless or finite fibers in webs of chemical or natural fibers in nonwovens, tissues, woven or knitted fabrics, which preferably extends in a length that is transverse to the leading web Nozzle bar corresponding to the width of the material web is stored in a liquid-tight manner, a liquid pressure of up to 1000 bar being generated in the nozzle bar, which presses the nozzle strip against a wall of the nozzle bar provided with a flow slot, wherein a plurality of closely arranged ones are arranged in the nozzle strip to generate the liquid jets , smallest holes are made in diameter.
Ein Düsenstreifen ist z. B. aus der EP-A-0 725 175 bekannt. Er erstreckt sich über eine große Arbeitsbreite und ist im allgemeinen aus einem dünnen Blech aus Edelstahl mit z. B. mechanisch hergestellten Löchern gebildet. Dieser Düsenstreifen bzw. die in diesen eingebrachten Löcher haben eine in der Praxis ausprobierte und immer wieder verbesserte Geometrie, die im Herstellungsverfahren sehr teuer ist. Die Wandung der einzelnen bis zu 0, 1 mm im Durchmesser großen Düsenlöcher muss äußerst glatt sein, weswegen die Löcher gebohrt oder gestanzt werden. Die Geometrie der Löcher ist von besonderer Bedeutung für die Ausbildung des Wasserstrahls, weswegen im allgemeinen hinter einem den Wasserstrahl bestimmenden Düsenquerschnitt sich ein diffuser, konischer Teil über die Höhe des Düsenloches anschließt, auch um den gebildeten Wasserstrahl auf dem Wege zum Ende des Loches nicht durch Reibung an den Wandungen des Loches aufzureißen. Die Löcher werden aufgrund des von der Praxis immer höher gewünschten Wasserdruckes und auch wegen der ständigen Abrasion schnell in den Randbereichen unsauber. Dies erzeugt unscharfe, unrunde Wasser- strahlen, die nur eine unbefriedigende Energie in die dynamische Behandlung der Warenbahn bringen.A nozzle strip is e.g. B. is known from EP-A-0 725 175. It extends over a large working width and is generally made of a thin sheet of stainless steel with z. B. mechanically produced holes. This nozzle strip or the holes made in it have a geometry which has been tried and tested in practice and which is always improved, which is very expensive in the production process. The wall of the individual nozzle holes up to 0.1 mm in diameter must be extremely smooth, which is why the holes are drilled or punched. The geometry of the holes is of particular importance for the formation of the water jet, which is why a diffuse, conical part adjoins the height of the nozzle hole generally behind a nozzle cross section that determines the water jet, and also does not pass through the water jet formed on the way to the end of the hole Tearing up friction on the walls of the hole. The holes quickly become unclean in the edge areas due to the water pressure that is increasingly desired in practice and also because of the constant abrasion. This creates blurry, out-of-round water rays that only bring an unsatisfactory energy into the dynamic treatment of the web.
Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, einen Düsenkörper, einen Düsenstreifen zu entwickeln, in dem exakt ausgebildete, über die wirksame Länge äußerst glatte Düsenlöcher erzeugbar und deren Innenfläche auch auf größere Dauer abrasionsbeständig sind.The invention has for its object to develop a nozzle body, a nozzle strip, in which precisely formed, extremely smooth over the effective length nozzle holes can be generated and the inner surface are resistant to abrasion even for a long time.
Ausgehend von einem Düsenkörper anfangs genannter Art, wird die Lösung des Problems darin gesehen, dass als Material für den Düsenkörper ein Hartmetall oder ein Keramikwerkstoff oder ein Werkstoff ausgewählt ist, der die gleichen oder ähnlichen physikalischen Eigenschaften hat. Hierzu sind auch synthetische Rubine und Saphire, also monokristalline Aluminiumoxide, zu verstehen. Die Materialien sind spröde, insbesondere Keramik, so dass zunächst die Gruppe der Hartmetalle mit hohem E-Modul zu bevorzugen ist. Hartmetalle sind zwei oder mehrphasige, pulvermetallurgisch mit einem metallurgischen Binder hergestellte Legierungen. Hartmetalle sind in die Gruppen K, M und P aufteilbar:Starting from a nozzle body of the type mentioned initially, the solution to the problem is seen in that a hard metal or a ceramic material or a material that has the same or similar physical properties is selected as the material for the nozzle body. Synthetic rubies and sapphires, i.e. monocrystalline aluminum oxides, are also to be understood here. The materials are brittle, in particular ceramics, so that the group of hard metals with a high modulus of elasticity is to be preferred first. Hard metals are two or multi-phase alloys made by powder metallurgy with a metallurgical binder. Hard metals can be divided into groups K, M and P:
K-Gruppe Wolframkarbid-Kobalt-Legierung: zeichnet sich durch hohe Härte aus. M-Gruppe Zusatz (3 - 15 %) von Titan- und Tantalcarbid, wie Cermets: zeichnen sich durch höhere Warmverschleißfestigkeit aus. P-Gruppe höherer Titan- und Tantalcarbidanteil (10 - 60 %): zeichnet sich weiterhin durch gute Stahlzerspanung aus. Mit diesen Materialien können damit Düsenkörper hergestellt werden, deren Löcher mit großem Vorteil eine hohe Abrasionsbeständigkeit haben. Diese Materialien werden zur Zeit im wesentlichen für die spanabhebende Bearbeitung von Metalllegierungen eingesetzt. Nunmehr sollen sie selbst für eine Vielzahl von Fluidstrahlen an Wasserstrahl- Vernadelungsmaschinen verwendet werden.K group tungsten carbide-cobalt alloy: is characterized by high hardness. M group addition (3 - 15%) of titanium and tantalum carbide, such as cermets: are characterized by higher heat resistance. P group higher titanium and tantalum carbide content (10 - 60%): still characterized by good steel cutting. These materials can be used to produce nozzle bodies whose holes have great abrasion resistance with great advantage. These materials are currently mainly used for the machining of metal alloys. Now they should be used for a variety of fluid jets on water jet needling machines.
Es hat sich erwiesen, dass diese Materialien sich besonders gut für die Laserstrahloder Funkenerosionsbehandlung eignen. Die Schnittkanten beim Lasern in diesem Material sind glatt schneidbar, so dass evtl. sogar eine bisher notwendige Nachbearbeitung der Löcher entfallen kann. Besser ist das Ergebnis beim Funkenerodieren und besonders gut beim Bohren mit Diamantbohrern. Insofern ist es ein Bestandteil der Erfindung, die Löcher für die Düsenstrahlen in den Düsenkörper aus diesen Materialien mittels Laserstrahlen, Funkenerodieren oder eines Diamantbohrers herzustellen. Der Dusenkorper kann vorzugsweise mit seiner Materialdicke in voller Hohe das Du- senloch bilden, das heißt also, dass die bisher einzubringende konische Erweiterung zum Auslauf des Loches hm entfallt Die Locher sollten einen Durchmesser von 0, 08 bis 0, 15 mm haben und der Lochabstand sollte zwischen 20 bis 128 hpi in einer oder zwei Reihen liegen Die Dicke des Dusenkorpers hegt zwischen 0,8 und 2 mm Mit Vorteil kann die Lange der Dusenlocher aber auch erheblich großer sein, wie z B bis zu 3 mm oder mehrIt has been shown that these materials are particularly suitable for laser beam or spark erosion treatment. The cut edges when lasering in this material can be cut smoothly, so that it may even be unnecessary to rework the holes. The result is better for spark erosion and particularly good for drilling with diamond drills. In this respect, it is part of the invention to produce the holes for the nozzle jets in the nozzle body from these materials by means of laser beams, spark erosion or a diamond drill. The nozzle body, with its material thickness, can preferably form the nozzle hole at full height, which means that the conical enlargement to the outlet of the hole hm, which has to be introduced up to now, is eliminated. The holes should have a diameter of 0.08 to 0.15 mm and the hole spacing should be between 20 and 128 hpi in one or two rows. The thickness of the nozzle body is between 0.8 and 2 mm. Advantageously, the length of the nozzle hole punch can also be considerably larger, such as up to 3 mm or more
Ein besonderer Vorteil ist durch die Idee nach der Erfindung dadurch gegeben, dass nicht der ganze Dusenstreifen aus ein- und demselben Material gemacht zu werden braucht Ein tragfahiges Material, wie z B Edelstahl, soll das andere Material für den oder die eigentlichen Dusenkorper tragen Dies kann vollflachig aber auch nur bezüglich eines einzelnen Dusenkorpers erfolgenA particular advantage is given by the idea according to the invention in that the entire nozzle strip does not have to be made from one and the same material. A load-bearing material, such as, for example, stainless steel, should carry the other material for the actual nozzle body or bodies full area but also only with respect to a single nozzle body
Für die weitere Ausbildung des Dusenkorpers, also des Dusenstreifens für größere Arbeitsbreiten sind mehrere Möglichkeiten offen Da das Hartmetall oder ein Keramikwerkstoff sehr spröde ist, konnte man dieses die Dusenlocher bildende Material in einem stabileren Rahmen lagern oder das Material auf einen Trager z B aus Edelstahl aufbringen Der Dusenkorper konnte damit aus den genannten harten Materialien vollflachig über die ganze Lange des Dusenstreifens oder nur als eine kleine bis kleinste mit jeweils einer Wandung versehene z B zylindrische Einheit aus Hartmetall, Keramik oder einem Saphir gebildet sein und so als Einzelteil auf dem anderen strei- fenformig ausgebildeten Tragermaterial wie Edelstahl abgestutzt und dort gehalten sein Von diesen Dusenkorper-Einzelteilen sind dann eine hohe Anzahl unmittelbar nebeneinander oder in dafür vorgesehenen Bohrungen anzuordnen und zu befestigen Die Befestigung kann durch Kleben erfolgenThere are several options for the further formation of the nozzle body, i.e. the nozzle strip for larger working widths. Since the hard metal or a ceramic material is very brittle, it was possible to store the material forming the nozzle holes in a more stable frame or to apply the material to a support, e.g. made of stainless steel The nozzle body could thus be made of the aforementioned hard materials over the entire length of the nozzle strip or only as a small to smallest unit, each provided with a wall, for example a cylindrical unit made of hard metal, ceramic or a sapphire, and thus as a single part on the other Fen-shaped support material such as stainless steel is propped up and held there. A large number of these individual shower body parts are then to be arranged and fastened directly next to one another or in bores provided for this purpose. The fastening can be carried out by gluing
Eine Vorrichtung der erfindungsgemaßen Art ist in der Zeichnung beispielhaft dargestellt Es zeigen Fig 1 Einen Schnitt quer durch einen Dusenbalken, wie er in der EP 0 725 175 offenbart ist, Fig 2 die Draufsicht auf einen Dusenstreifen mit einzelnen Dusenkorpern, die auf einem Dusenstreifen aus anderem Material getragen sind, Fig 3 einen Schnitt durch den Dusenstreifen nach Fig 2, Fig.: 4 die Draufsicht auf einen Düsenstreifen mit einzelnen ganz dicht zueinander gelagerten Düsenkörpern, die auf einem Düsenstreifen aus anderem Material getragen sind, undA device of the type according to the invention is shown by way of example in the drawing. FIG. 1 shows a section across a nozzle bar, as disclosed in EP 0 725 175, FIG. 2 shows the top view of a nozzle strip with individual nozzle bodies, which are made from others on a nozzle strip 3 shows a section through the nozzle strip according to FIG. 2, 4: the top view of a nozzle strip with individual nozzle bodies which are very close to one another and which are carried on a nozzle strip made of a different material, and
Fig.: 5 ein Schnitt durch den Düsenstreifen nach Fig. 4.5 shows a section through the nozzle strip according to FIG. 4.
Das Gehäuse des Düsenbalkens besteht aus einem Oberteil 1 , das mit dem Unterteil 2 vielfach über die Länge durch die Schrauben 3 von unten verschraubt ist. Das Oberteil 1 weist längs zwei Bohrungen 4 und 5 auf, von denen die obere die Druckkammer 4 und die untere die Druckverteilkammer 5 ist. Beide Kammern sind an der einen Stirnseite offen und wieder durch Deckel flüssigkeitsdicht verschraubt. Die beiden Kammern 4 und 5 sind durch eine Zwischenwandung voneinander getrennt. Über die Länge des Düsenbalkens verbinden eine große Anzahl von Durchflussbohrungen 9 in der Zwischenwandung die beiden Kammern, so dass die in die Druckkammer 4 einströmende Flüssigkeit gleichmäßig verteilt über die Länge in die Druckverteilkammer 5 ausströmt, in der zusätzlich an Halterungen 21 ein Prallkörper 20 gehalten ist. Die Druckverteilkammer ist nach unten offen, und zwar durch den gegenüber dem Durchmesser der Bohrung der Druckverteilkammer 5 schmalen Schlitz 10, der sich ebenfalls über die Länge des Balkens erstreckt.The housing of the nozzle bar consists of an upper part 1, which is screwed to the lower part 2 many times over the length by the screws 3 from below. The upper part 1 has two bores 4 and 5, the upper of which is the pressure chamber 4 and the lower one the pressure distribution chamber 5. Both chambers are open on one end and screwed tight again through the cover. The two chambers 4 and 5 are separated from one another by an intermediate wall. A large number of flow bores 9 in the intermediate wall connect the two chambers along the length of the nozzle bar, so that the liquid flowing into the pressure chamber 4 flows uniformly over the length into the pressure distribution chamber 5, in which an impact body 20 is additionally held on brackets 21 , The pressure distribution chamber is open at the bottom, namely through the slot 10 which is narrow in relation to the diameter of the bore of the pressure distribution chamber 5 and which also extends over the length of the beam.
Gemäß der Fig. 1 ist das Oberteil 1 mit dem Unterteil 2 fest und flüssigkeitsdicht verschraubt. Die Dichtigkeit wird durch den O-Ring 1 1 bewirkt, der in einer Ringnut des Oberteils 1 einliegt. In der Mitte zwischen dem O-Ring 1 1 umschließt den Schlitz 10 einen Federvorsprung 23, der in einer entsprechenden Nut 24 des Unterteils 2 einge- passt ist und für den O-Ring 12 eine Reparaturnut 26 aufweist, dessen Außenränder 25 gegen den Rand des Düsenstreifens 14 gerichtet sind. In dem Boden der Nut 24 des Unterteils 2 ist wiederum eine Ringnut eingebracht, in der der O-Ring 12 zur Abdichtung des Düsenstreifens 14 einliegt. In einer Linie unterhalb der Flüssigkeitsdurchflussbohrungen 9 und des Schlitzes 10 ist im Unterteil 2 ebenfalls ein Schlitz 13 eingebracht, der in seinem oberen Bereich nur sehr schmal ist und nur wenig mehr als die Breite der wirksamen Düsenöffnungen des Düsenstreifens 14 offen lässt.1, the upper part 1 is screwed to the lower part 2 firmly and in a liquid-tight manner. The tightness is caused by the O-ring 1 1, which lies in an annular groove of the upper part 1. In the middle between the O-ring 11, the slot 10 encloses a spring projection 23 which is fitted into a corresponding groove 24 in the lower part 2 and which has a repair groove 26 for the O-ring 12, the outer edges 25 of which rest against the edge of the Nozzle strip 14 are directed. In the bottom of the groove 24 of the lower part 2, an annular groove is again introduced, in which the O-ring 12 lies for sealing the nozzle strip 14. In a line below the liquid flow bores 9 and the slot 10, a slot 13 is also made in the lower part 2, which is only very narrow in its upper region and leaves only a little more than the width of the effective nozzle openings of the nozzle strip 14 open.
Die Fig. 1 ist hier nur im Zusammenhang mit der Lagerung des Düsenstreifens, oder Düsenkörpers von Bedeutung. Der Düsenbalken kann auch ganz anders aussehen, nämlich wie er z.B. in der DE-A-199 21 694 offenbart ist. Der Düsenstreifen 14 hat eine gewisse Breite, die für die Aufnahme der Düsenlöcher 30 und für die Lagerung oberhalb des O-Rings 12 notwendig ist. Sind Düsenkörper als Einzelteil 31 hergestellt und auf dem Düsenstreifen 14 gelagert, dann sind sie in einzelnen Ausnehmungen 32 eines die Düsenkörper 31 aufnehmenden Materials gehalten. Dieses Material kann das eines eigenen Düsenstreifens 33 sein, wie es in Fig. 3 und 5 dargestellt ist. Dies ist insofern vorteilhaft, weil die Ausnehmungen 32 durch den Düsenstreifen 33 quer hindurch eingebracht werden können. Dieser Düsenstreifen wird dann auf einen Trägerstreifen 34 verbracht, der wiederum Löcher 35 entsprechend der Anordnung der Düsenkörper 31 derart fluchtend und im Durchmesser größer als die zur Formung des Düsenstrahls vorgesehenen Löcher 30 aufweist, damit die Wasserstrahlen ungehindert durch den ganzen Streifen 14; 33, 34 fließen können.1 is only relevant in connection with the mounting of the nozzle strip or nozzle body. The nozzle bar can also look very different, namely as disclosed for example in DE-A-199 21 694. The nozzle strip 14 has a certain width, which is necessary for receiving the nozzle holes 30 and for storage above the O-ring 12. If nozzle bodies are produced as individual parts 31 and are mounted on the nozzle strip 14, then they are held in individual recesses 32 of a material that accommodates the nozzle bodies 31. This material can be that of a separate nozzle strip 33, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 5. This is advantageous in that the recesses 32 can be introduced transversely through the nozzle strip 33. This nozzle strip is then placed on a carrier strip 34, which in turn has holes 35 in line with the arrangement of the nozzle bodies 31 in such a way that they are larger in diameter and larger than the holes 30 provided for shaping the nozzle jet, so that the water jets are unimpeded through the entire strip 14; 33, 34 can flow.
Es ist klar, die Düsenkörper 31 sind aus dem harten widerstandsfähigen Material herzustellen. Das Material des Streifens 33, 33' kann aus Edelstahl hergestellt sein, das des Trägerstreifens 34, 34' jedoch auch aus einem harten, steifen Material, wie Hartmetall, um eine zu große Elastizität des in der Praxis gewünschten langen Streifens zu mindern.It is clear that the nozzle bodies 31 are to be made from the hard, resistant material. The material of the strip 33, 33 'can be made of stainless steel, but that of the carrier strip 34, 34' can also be made of a hard, stiff material, such as hard metal, in order to reduce the elasticity of the long strip desired in practice.
Für den gleichmäßigen Vernadelungseffekt besser ist es die Düsenkörper 31 unmittelbar nebeneinander auf dem Trägerstreifen 34' anzuordnen wie es in der Fig. 4 und 5 dargestellt ist. Damit können die Düsenstrahlen dichter zueinander erzeugt werden, wie es in der Wasservernadelungsindustrie gefordert ist. In jedem Fall ist es vorteilhaft, die Düsenkörper 31 in zwei Reihen (Fig. 2 und 4) versetzt zueinander anzuordnen. Zur Halterung der Düsenkörper 31 brauchen im Falle des Beispiels nach Fig. 4 keine Bohrungen in das Material des Streifens 33' eingebracht werden, sondern nur beidseitig Begrenzungen 32' (ggf. kreisförmige Segmente), um die Düsenkörper 31 seitlich zu fixieren.For the uniform needling effect, it is better to arrange the nozzle bodies 31 directly next to one another on the carrier strip 34 ', as is shown in FIGS. 4 and 5. This enables the jet streams to be generated closer together, as is required in the water needling industry. In any case, it is advantageous to arrange the nozzle bodies 31 in two rows (FIGS. 2 and 4) offset from one another. In the case of the example according to FIG. 4, no holes need to be drilled into the material of the strip 33 'to hold the nozzle body 31, but only boundaries 32' (possibly circular segments) on both sides in order to fix the nozzle body 31 laterally.
In jedem Fall werden die Düsenköper 31 in dem Streifen 33, 33' und/oder auf dem Träger 34, 34' verklebt.In any case, the nozzle body 31 is glued in the strip 33, 33 'and / or on the carrier 34, 34'.
Die Bohrungen 31 , wie in den einzelnen Düsenkörpern 31 , sind exakt zylindrisch über ihre ganze Länge. Die Randkante des Wassereintrittsloches ist scharfkantig und auch die beim Wasseraustritt. Jedenfalls ist keine konische Erweiterung am Austrittsende des Düsenlochs 30 vorgesehen wie es bisher als notwendig angesehen wurde. Die Darstellung in den Fig. 2 - 5 ist stark vergrößert. Der Lochabstand sollte 20 bis 128 hpi sein. Der Durchmesser des Düsenkörpers 31 ist also um 1 mm, dementsprechend fein sind die Düsenlöcher 30 selber, nämlich 0,08 - 0, 15 mm.The bores 31, as in the individual nozzle bodies 31, are exactly cylindrical over their entire length. The edge of the water inlet hole is sharp and that of the water outlet. In any case, no conical widening is provided at the outlet end of the nozzle hole 30, as was previously considered necessary. The representation in FIGS. 2-5 is greatly enlarged. The hole spacing should be 20 to 128 hpi. The diameter of the nozzle body 31 is thus around 1 mm, and the nozzle holes 30 themselves are accordingly fine, namely 0.08-0.15 mm.
In den Fig. 2 - 5 sind Beispiele dargestellt, in denen die Düsenkörper 31 als Einzelteile auf den Trägerstreifen 34, 34' gelagert sind. Genauso ist es möglich, den Streifen 33, 33' insgesamt aus dem harten Material herzustellen und mit den Düsenlöchern 30 direkt zu versehen und dann alleine als Düsenstreifen zu verwenden oder einen solchen auf den Steifen 34, 34' zu lagern, der selbst nicht so spröde ist und z. B. aus Edelstahl hergestellt ist. 2-5 show examples in which the nozzle bodies 31 are mounted as individual parts on the carrier strips 34, 34 '. It is also possible to produce the strips 33, 33 'entirely from the hard material and to provide them with the nozzle holes 30 directly and then to use them alone as a nozzle strip or to store them on the strips 34, 34', which itself is not as brittle is and z. B. is made of stainless steel.

Claims

P a t e n t a n s p r ü c h e : Patent claims:
1. Düsenkörper zur Erzeugung von feinsten Flüssigkeitsstrahlen zur Strahlverflechtung von endlosen oder endlichen Fasern in Warenbahnen aus Chemie- oder Naturfasern in Nonwovens, Tissue, Geweben oder Gewirken, der vorzugsweise in einem quer zur vorlaufenden Warenbahn sich erstreckenden, in seiner Länge der Breite der Warenbahn entsprechenden Düsenbalken flüssigkeitsdicht gelagert ist, wobei in dem Düsenbalken ein Flüssigkeitsdruck bis zu 1000 bar erzeugt ist, der den Düsenstreifen gegen eine mit einem Durchflussschlitz versehene Wandung des Düsenbalkens presst, wobei in den Düsenstreifen zur Erzeugung der Flüssigkeitsstrahlen eine Vielzahl von dicht nebeneinander angeordneten, im Durchmesser kleinste Löcher eingebracht sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass als Material für den Düsenkörper (14, 31) ein Hartmetall oder ein Werkstoff ausgewählt ist, der die gleichen oder ähnlichen physikalischen Eigenschaften hat.1. Nozzle body for generating the finest liquid jets for the interlacing of endless or finite fibers in webs of chemical or natural fibers in nonwovens, tissues, fabrics or knitted fabrics, which preferably extend in a length that corresponds to the width of the web in a crosswise direction to the leading web Nozzle bar is stored in a liquid-tight manner, a liquid pressure of up to 1000 bar being generated in the nozzle bar, which presses the nozzle strip against a wall of the nozzle bar provided with a flow slit, a plurality of densely arranged in the nozzle strips for generating the liquid jets being the smallest in diameter Holes are introduced, characterized in that a hard metal or a material which has the same or similar physical properties is selected as the material for the nozzle body (14, 31).
2. Düsenkörper zur Erzeugung von feinsten Flüssigkeitsstrahlen zur Strahlverflech- tung von endlosen oder endlichen Fasern in Warenbahnen aus Chemie- oder Naturfasern in Nonwovens, Tissue, Geweben oder Gewirken, der vorzugsweise in einem quer zur vorlaufenden Warenbahn sich erstreckenden, in seiner Länge der Breite der Warenbahn entsprechenden Düsenbalken flüssigkeitsdicht gelagert ist, wobei in dem Düsenbalken ein Flüssigkeitsdruck bis zu 1000 bar erzeugt ist, der den Düsenstreifen gegen eine mit einem Durchflussschlitz versehene Wandung des Düsenbalkens presst, wobei in den Düsenstreifen zur Erzeugung der Flüssigkeitsstrahlen eine Vielzahl von dicht nebeneinander angeordneten, im Durchmesser kleinste Löcher eingebracht sind, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass als Material für den Düsenkörper (14, 31) ein Keramikwerkstoff, wie auch Saphir, oder ein solcher ausgewählt ist, der die gleichen oder ähnlichen physikalischen Eigenschaften hat. 2. Nozzle body for generating the finest liquid jets for the jet interlacing of endless or finite fibers in webs of chemical or natural fibers in nonwovens, tissue, woven or knitted fabrics, which preferably extends in a length that is transverse to the leading web, in its length the width of the Material path corresponding nozzle bar is stored liquid-tight, wherein a liquid pressure of up to 1000 bar is generated in the nozzle bar, which presses the nozzle strip against a wall of the nozzle bar provided with a flow slot, wherein in the nozzle strips for generating the liquid jets a plurality of closely arranged, im The smallest holes are introduced in diameter, characterized in that a ceramic material, such as sapphire, or one which has the same or similar physical properties is selected as the material for the nozzle body (14, 31).
3. Düsenkörper nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass er als Einzelteil (31 ) in einem Düsenstreifen (14) ausgebildet ist und über die Länge des Düsensteifens (14) an diesem eine Vielzahl dieser Düsenkörper gehalten sind.3. Nozzle body according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that it is designed as an individual part (31) in a nozzle strip (14) and a plurality of these nozzle bodies are held over the length of the nozzle strip (14).
4. Düsenkörper nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Düsenlöcher in das Material mit einem Laserstrahl gebrannt sind.4. Nozzle body according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the nozzle holes are burned in the material with a laser beam.
5. Düsenkörper nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Düsenlöcher in das Material mit dem Funkenerosionsverfahren (Senkerodieren) eingebracht sind.5. Nozzle body according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the nozzle holes are introduced into the material using the spark erosion process (die sinking EDM).
6. Düsenkörper nach einem der Ansprüche 1 - 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Düsenlöcher in das Material mit einem Diamantbohrer eingebracht sind.6. Nozzle body according to one of claims 1-4, characterized in that the nozzle holes are made in the material with a diamond drill.
7. Düsenkörper nach einem der Ansprüche 1 - 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die wirksame Länge der Düsenlöcher (30) größer als der für den Strahldurchmesser wirksame Düsendurchmesser ausgebildet ist.7. Nozzle body according to one of claims 1-6, characterized in that the effective length of the nozzle holes (30) is greater than the effective nozzle diameter for the jet diameter.
8. Düsenkörper nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Verhältnis zwischen dem wirksamen Düsendurchmesser und der wirksamen Länge des Düsenloches (30) zwischen 1 :1 bis 1 :50, vorzugsweise 1 : 10 ist.8. Nozzle body according to claim 7, characterized in that the ratio between the effective nozzle diameter and the effective length of the nozzle hole (30) is between 1: 1 to 1:50, preferably 1:10.
9. Düsenkörper nach Anspruch 7 - 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die wirksame Länge der Düsenlöcher (30) größer 1 mm, vorzugsweise bis zu 2 mm bemessen ist.9. Nozzle body according to claims 7-8, characterized in that the effective length of the nozzle holes (30) is greater than 1 mm, preferably up to 2 mm.
10. Düsenkörper nach einem der Ansprüche 1 - 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Glätte auf der Innenfläche des Düsenloches (30) sehr gering, nämlich mit einer Rautiefe RA bis zu 0,01 μ, vorzugsweise 0,01 - 0,2 μ, hergestellt ist.10. Nozzle body according to one of claims 1-9, characterized in that the smoothness on the inner surface of the nozzle hole (30) is very low, namely with a roughness depth R A of up to 0.01 μ, preferably 0.01-0.2 μ , is made.
11. Düsenkörper nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Düsenloch (30) zur Oberfläche des Düsenkörpers (31) rundum scharfkantig ausgebildet ist. 11. Nozzle body according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the nozzle hole (30) to the surface of the nozzle body (31) is formed with sharp edges all around.
12. Düsenkörper nach Anspruch 1 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die wirksame Dü- senlochlänge (30) sich über die ganze Höhe des Düsenkörperquerschnitts erstreckt.12. Nozzle body according to claim 1 1, characterized in that the effective nozzle hole length (30) extends over the entire height of the cross section of the nozzle body.
13. Düsenkörper nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Düsenkörper (31) über seine Flächenausdehnung von einem anderen Material (31 , 31 ') wie Edelstahl gehalten, unterstützt ist.13. Nozzle body according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the nozzle body (31) is supported over its surface area by another material (31, 31 ') such as stainless steel.
14. Düsenkörper nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass auf einen Träger vollflächig eine Hartmetall- oder eine Keramikschicht aufgebracht ist und diese Schicht alleine die Löcher für die Ausbildung der Wasserstrahlen aufweist, während die Trägerschicht einen den jeweiligen Wasserstrahl nicht beeinflussenden größeren Querschnitt für den ungehinderten Durchtritt des Wasserstrahls aufweist.14. Nozzle body according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a hard metal or ceramic layer is applied to the entire surface of a carrier and this layer alone has the holes for the formation of the water jets, while the carrier layer has a larger cross-section which does not influence the respective water jet has the unimpeded passage of the water jet.
15. Düsenkörper nach Anspruch 3 oder einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Düsenkörper (31) als eine mit einer Wandung versehene ggf. zylindrische Einheit aus Hartmetall, Keramik oder einem Saphir gebildet und so als Einzelteil auf dem anderen streifenförmig ausgebildeten Trägermaterial (34) wie Edelstahl abgestützt und dort gehalten ist.15. Nozzle body according to claim 3 or one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the nozzle body (31) is formed as a walled, optionally cylindrical unit made of hard metal, ceramic or a sapphire and thus as an individual part on the other strip-shaped carrier material ( 34) How stainless steel is supported and held there.
16. Düsenkörper nach Anspruch 15, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass eine Vielzahl dieser Düsenkörper dicht nebeneinander ggf. in zwei Reihen versetzt zueinander auf dem Trägermaterial (34, 34') angeordnet ist.16. Nozzle body according to claim 15, characterized in that a plurality of these nozzle bodies are arranged close to one another, optionally offset in two rows from one another on the carrier material (34, 34 ').
17. Düsenkörper nach Anspruch 15 oder 16, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Ausnehmungen (32) in dem Trägermaterial (34, 34') zur Aufnahme der einzelnen zylindrischen Düsenkörper (31 ) vorgesehen sind.17. Nozzle body according to claim 15 or 16, characterized in that recesses (32) in the carrier material (34, 34 ') are provided for receiving the individual cylindrical nozzle bodies (31).
18. Düsenkörper nach Anspruch 17, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Ausnehmungen kreisförmig oder nur dicht nebeneinander angeordnete Segmente solcher Kreise pro Düsenkörper sind.18. Nozzle body according to claim 17, characterized in that the recesses are circular or only closely arranged segments of such circles per nozzle body.
19. Verfahren zur Strahlverflechtung oder -Verlagerung von endlosen oder endlichen Fasern in Warenbahnen aus Chemie- oder Naturfasern in Nonwovens, Tissue, Geweben oder Gewirken, wobei über die Arbeitsbreite der Bahnen eine Vielzahl von dicht zueinander angeordneten Wasserstrahlen mit hoher Energie auf und in die Faserstruktur dringt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zur verwirbelungsfreien Ausbildung jedes einzelnen Wasserstrahls das unter Druck gesetzte Wasser über eine längere effektive Strecke, also größer 1 mm mit einer wirksamen Düsenwandung zur Ausbildung eines exakten zylinderförmigen Wasserstrahls in Kontakt ist, also zur Strahlverflechtung und -Verlagerung von Fasern in und an einem bahn- förmigen Textii- oder Vliesprodukt Düsenkörper mit über ihre Länge wirksamen Löchern verwendet werden, die in ihrer wirksamen Länge länger als 1 mm ausgebildet sind. 19. A method for interlacing or dislodging endless or finite fibers in webs of chemical or natural fibers in nonwovens, tissue, Weaving or knitting, with a large number of closely spaced water jets with high energy penetrating onto and into the fiber structure over the working width of the webs, characterized in that for the swirl-free formation of each individual water jet, the pressurized water over a longer effective distance, i.e. larger 1 mm is in contact with an effective nozzle wall for the formation of an exact cylindrical water jet, that is to say for the jet entanglement and displacement of fibers in and on a web-shaped textile or nonwoven product, nozzle bodies with holes that are effective over their length and that are used in their effective length are longer than 1 mm.
EP00958476A 1999-09-01 2000-08-21 Nozzle body for producing superfine liquid jet streams on water needling devices and a jet needling method Expired - Lifetime EP1210179B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

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DE19941729 1999-09-01
DE19941729A DE19941729A1 (en) 1999-09-01 1999-09-01 Nozzle body for generating the finest liquid jets z. B. on water needling devices
PCT/EP2000/008119 WO2001015812A1 (en) 1999-09-01 2000-08-21 Nozzle body for producing superfine liquid jet streams on water needling devices and a jet needling method

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ATE260142T1 (en) 2004-03-15

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