JP4125094B2 - Positive photosensitive resin composition and semiconductor device - Google Patents

Positive photosensitive resin composition and semiconductor device Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4125094B2
JP4125094B2 JP2002319309A JP2002319309A JP4125094B2 JP 4125094 B2 JP4125094 B2 JP 4125094B2 JP 2002319309 A JP2002319309 A JP 2002319309A JP 2002319309 A JP2002319309 A JP 2002319309A JP 4125094 B2 JP4125094 B2 JP 4125094B2
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resin composition
photosensitive resin
group
positive photosensitive
general formula
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JP2004151611A (en
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裕明 真壁
敏夫 番場
孝 平野
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Sumitomo Bakelite Co Ltd
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Sumitomo Bakelite Co Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、高感度かつ高解像度の特性を有するポジ型感光性樹脂組成物及びそれを用いた半導体装置に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来、半導体素子の表面保護膜、層間絶縁膜には、耐熱性に優れ又卓越した電気特性、機械特性等を有するポリイミド樹脂が用いられているが、近年半導体素子の高集積化、大型化、半導体装置の薄型化、小型化、半田リフローによる表面実装への移行等により耐熱サイクル性、耐熱ショック性等の著しい向上の要求があり、更に高性能の樹脂が必要とされるようになってきた。
【0003】
一方、ポリイミド樹脂自身に感光性を付与する技術が注目を集めてきており、例えば下記式(10)に示されるネガ型感光性ポリイミド樹脂が挙げられる。
【化8】

Figure 0004125094
【0004】
これを用いるとパターン作成工程の一部が簡略化でき、工程短縮及び歩留まり向上の効果はあるが、現像の際にN−メチル−2−ピロリドン等の溶剤が必要となるため、安全性、取扱い性に問題がある。そこで、アルカリ水溶液で現像ができるポジ型感光性樹脂組成物が開発されている(例えば、特許文献1、特許文献2、特許文献3、特許文献4、特許文献5参照。)。これらには、ポリイミド樹脂の前駆体であるポリアミド酸と感光材であるジアゾキノン化合物より構成されるポジ型感光性樹脂組成物が開示されている。これらの感光材として用いられているジアゾキノン化合物は露光することにより化学変化を起こし、アルカリ水溶液に可溶となる。しかしその変化率は40%程度であるだけでなく、それ自身の光に対する吸収が大きいために、厚膜に塗布した場合、膜の底面にまで十分な光が届かない。そのため露光部を開口させるために多くの露光量を必要とし、感度が低くなるという問題があった。
【0005】
更に、g線、i線等の紫外線を光源として用いる半導体用レジストに代表されるポジ型感光性樹脂組成物は、ベース樹脂としてフェノールノボラック樹脂が用いられているが、これらに比べ、上述のポリアミド樹脂は単位分子量当たりの水酸基濃度が小さいために、ジアゾキノン化合物と相互作用することで発揮されるアルカリ水溶液に対する溶解阻止能が弱く、現像後における未露光部の膜減り量が大きい。従って露光部が現像液で十分に溶解除去される前に、未露光部が目的とする膜厚以下になるために、結果として感度が低下するだけでなく、パターンの壁面が削られることにより、開口部の寸法安定性が低下する。又カルボキシル基の場合には、ジアゾキノン化合物と相互作用することがなく、更にフェノール性水酸基よりもアルカリ水溶液に対する溶解性が非常に高いという理由により、未露光部の溶解阻止能が発揮されず、目的とする膜厚が得られないばかりかパターンの形成自体が困難になる問題がある。又適当な保護基でブロックされたカルボキシル基の場合、未露光部のアルカリ水溶液に対する耐性は十分あるが、露光部の溶解性が劣るために感度の低下、現像後に樹脂の残り(スカム)が見られるという問題がある。
【0006】
そこで、光化学反応による触媒作用を取り入れた化学増幅型のポジ型感光性樹脂組成物が開発されている。この化学増幅型のポジ型感光性樹脂組成物は、一般的に水酸基又はカルボキシル基を適当な酸不安定基で保護されたベース樹脂と光の照射により酸を発生する光酸発生材から構成されている。この化学増幅型のポジ型感光性樹脂組成物の現像メカニズムは以下のようになっている。未露光部において酸不安定基で保護されたベース樹脂は現像液であるアルカリ水溶液に耐性がある。一方露光部は、光酸発生材から発生した酸が露光後の熱処理により拡散して触媒として働き、ベース樹脂中の保護基を脱離し、水酸基又はカルボキシル基を再生させてアルカリ水溶液に可溶となる。この露光部と未露光部との溶解性の差を利用し、露光部を溶解除去することにより未露光部のみの塗膜パターンの形成が可能となるものである。更に、この触媒酸は脱離反応後も存在し、多くの反応を引き起こすため見かけの量子収率が高く、高感度化が容易となるだけでなく高い溶解コントラストが得られるために高解像度化も期待できる。半導体用レジストとしては、例えば第2847414号公報、第2848611号公報、特開平3−249654号公報、特開平9−230588号公報等が挙げられるが、これらに使用されているベース樹脂は主にポリヒドロキシスチレンであり、高い解像度は得られるが耐熱性に乏しく、半導体素子の表面保護膜、層間絶縁膜用途には適さない。
【0007】
半導体素子の表面保護膜、層間絶縁膜用途として、ベース樹脂にポリイミド樹脂又はポリアミド樹脂を用いた化学増幅型感光性樹脂組成物が開示されている(例えば、特許文献6、特許文献7、特許文献8、特許文献9参照。)。しかし開示されているベース樹脂は、熱で硬化させた後も水酸基が残ってしまうために耐湿信頼性が低下したり、十分な溶解コントラストが得られないために解像度の低下や、結果的に高感度でも未露光部の膜減り量の増加によって目的とする膜厚が得られなかったり、サイドエッチが大きくプロファイル性が悪い等の問題があった。
【0008】
【特許文献1】
特開平3−247655号公報、
【特許文献2】
特開平5−204156号公報、
【特許文献3】
特開平6−258836号公報、
【特許文献4】
特開平10−186658号公報、
【特許文献5】
特開平10−307394号公報
【特許文献6】
特開平3−763号公報
【特許文献7】
特開平4−120171号公報
【特許文献8】
特開平11−202489号公報
【特許文献9】
特開2001−194791号公報
【0009】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、高感度かつ高解像度で、現像後の未露光部の膜減り量が少ない特性を有するポジ型感光性樹脂組成物及びそれを用いた半導体装置を提供するものである。
【0010】
本発明は、
[1]一般式(1)で示されるポリアミド樹脂(A)、光により酸を発生する化合物(B)、一般式(2)で示される化合物のカルボキシル基を、酸の存在下で分解する酸不安定基で保護された合物(C)及び溶剤(D)を含むことを特徴とするポジ型感光性樹脂組成物、
【0011】
【化9】
Figure 0004125094
【0012】
【化10】
Figure 0004125094
【0013】
[2]一般式(1)で示されるポリアミド樹脂(A)中のXが、式(3)の群より選ばれてなる第[1]項記載のポジ型感光性樹脂組成物、
【0014】
【化11】
Figure 0004125094
【0015】
[3]一般式(1)で示されるポリアミド樹脂(A)中のXが、式(3)の群より選ばれてなる第[1]項又は[2]項記載のポジ型感光性樹脂組成物、
【0016】
【化12】
Figure 0004125094
【0017】
[4] 一般式(2)で示される化合物のカルボキシル基を、酸の存在下で分解する酸不安定基で保護された化合物(C)が、テトラヒドロピラニル基、又はテトラヒドロフラニル基から選ばれた置換基で保護された化合物である第[1]〜[3]項記載のポジ型感光性樹脂組成物、
[5] 溶剤(D)が炭素数3〜10の環状ケトン、炭素数3〜10の環状ラクトン、ジメチルスルホキシド、プロピレングリコールモノアルキルエーテル、プロピレングリコールモノアルキルエーテルアセテート、ジプロピレングリコールモノアルキルエーテル、乳酸メチル、乳酸エチル、乳酸ブチルより選ばれてなる第[1]〜[4]項記載のポジ型感光性樹脂組成物、
[6] 第[1]項〜[5]項のいずれかに記載のポジ型感光性樹脂組成物が、更にフェノール化合物(E)を含むポジ型感光性樹脂組成物、
[7] フェノール化合物(E)が、一般式(5)、(6)、(7)、(8)、(9)の群より選ばれてなる第[6]項記載のポジ型感光性樹脂組成物、
【0018】
【化13】
Figure 0004125094
【0019】
【化14】
Figure 0004125094
【0020】
【化15】
Figure 0004125094
【0021】
[8] 第[1]〜[7]項のいずれかに記載のポジ型感光性樹脂組成物を半導体素子上に塗布し、プリベーク、露光、露光後加熱、現像、加熱して得られることを特徴とする半導体装置、
[9] ポジ型感光性樹脂組成物を加熱脱水閉環後の膜厚が、0.1〜30μmになるように半導体素子上に塗布し、プリベーク、露光、露光後加熱、現像、加熱して得られる第[8]項記載の半導体装置、
である。
【0022】
一般式(1)のポリアミド樹脂は、Xの構造を有するビス(アミノフェノール)、必要により配合されるZの構造を有するシリコーンジアミンとYの構造を有するジカルボン酸或いはジカルボン酸ジクロリド、ジカルボン酸誘導体とを反応した後、酸不安定基となる保護基をポリアミド樹脂中のフェノール性水酸基に置換させて得られるものである。なお、ジカルボン酸の場合には反応収率等を高めるため、1−ヒドロキシ−1,2,3−ベンゾトリアゾール等を予め反応させた活性エステル型のジカルボン酸誘導体を用いてもよい。酸不安定基となる保護基は、炭素数2〜20のアルコキシカルボニル基、炭素数2〜20のアルコキシアルキル基、炭素数1〜10のアルキル置換シリル基、テトラヒドロピラニル基、テトラヒドロフラニル基が挙げられる。又現像後の未露光部の膜減り量が少なく、露光部と未露光部の溶解コントラストが大きい樹脂を得るために、ポリアミド樹脂中の全水酸基の5〜80%を酸不安定基となる保護基で置換されていることが必要である。5%未満のときは、未露光部が十分な溶解阻止能を発揮できないので膜減り量が大きくなり、80%を越えると、露光部の溶解性も極端に遅くなり感度が低下するだけでなく、現像後に樹脂の残り(スカム)が発生しやすくなる。現像後、このポリアミド樹脂を約300〜400℃で加熱すると脱水閉環し、ポリベンゾオキサゾールという形で耐熱性樹脂が得られる。
【0023】
本発明の一般式(1)のポリアミド樹脂のXは、例えば、
【化16】
Figure 0004125094
等であるが、これらに限定されるものではない。これら中で特に好ましいものとしては、式(3)で示される群より選ばれるものであり、又2種以上用いても良い。
【0024】
又一般式(1)のポリアミド樹脂のYは、例えば、
【化17】
Figure 0004125094
等であるが、これらに限定されるものではない。これらの中で特に好ましいものとしては、式(4)で示される群より選ばれるものであり、又2種以上用いても良い。
【0025】
又本発明のポジ型感光性樹脂組成物は、保存性という観点から、Xの構造を有するビス(アミノフェノール)とYの構造を有するジカルボン酸或いはジカルボン酸ジクロリド又はジカルボン酸誘導体とを反応させてポリアミド樹脂を合成した後、アルケニル基又はアルキニル基を少なくとも1個有する脂肪族基又は環式化合物基を含む酸無水物を用いて末端のアミノ基をキャップすることが重要である。アルケニル基又はアルキニル基を少なくとも1個有する脂肪族基又は環式化合物基を含む酸無水物に起因する基として、例えば、
【0026】
【化18】
Figure 0004125094
等が挙げられるが、これらに限定されるものではない。
【0027】
これらの中で特に好ましいものとしては、
【化19】
Figure 0004125094
より選ばれるものであり、又2種以上用いても良い。
【0028】
更に、必要によって用いる一般式(1)のポリアミド樹脂のZは、例えば
【化20】
Figure 0004125094
【0029】
等であるがこれらに限定されるものではなく、又2種以上用いても良い。
一般式(1)のZは、例えば、シリコンウェハーのような基板に対して、特に優れた密着性が必要な場合に用いるが、その使用割合bは最大40モル%までである。40モル%を越えると現像液に対する樹脂の溶解性が極めて低下し、現像残り(スカム)が発生し、パターン加工ができなくなる。なお、これらX、Y、Zの使用にあたっては、それぞれ1種類であっても2種類以上の混合物であっても構わない。一般式(1)のnは、2〜300であるが、300を越えると現像後にスカムが発生する恐れがあるので好ましくない。
【0030】
本発明のポジ型感光性樹脂組成物に用いられる、光により酸を発生する化合物(B)は、
Photograph.Sci.Eng.,18,p387(1974)、CHEMTECH,Oct.p624(1980)、Polym.Mater.Sci.Eng.,72,p406(1995)、Macromol.Chem.Rapid Commun.14,p203(1993)、J.Photopolym.Sci.Technol.,6,p67(1993)記載のオニウム塩類、Macromolecules,21,p2001(1988)、Chem.Mater.3,p462(1991)、Proc.SPIE,1086,2(1989)記載の2−ニトロベンジルエステル類、J.Photopolym.Sci.Technol.,2,p429(1989)、Proc.SPIE,1262,p575(1990)記載のN−イミノスルホネート類、Polym.Mat.Sci.Eng.,61,269(1989)記載のナフトキノンジアジド−4−スルホン酸エステル類、J.Photopolym.Sci.Technol.,4,p389(1991)、Proc.SPIE,2195,p173(1994)記載のハロゲン系化合物類等が挙げられる。これらは単独でも2種以上用いても良い。
【0031】
本発明のポジ型感光性樹脂組成物は、更に露光部と未露光部の溶解コントラストを向上させるために、一般式(2)で示される化合物のカルボキシル基を、酸の存在下で分解する酸不安定基で保護された化合物(C)を配合することが重要である。これにより、未露光部においてはアルカリ水溶液に対する耐性が向上し、露光部では光酸発生材から発生した触媒酸の作用により酸不安定基が脱離することによってカルボキシル基が再生し、水酸基より強い溶解促進作用を促す。
【0032】
酸の存在下で分解する酸不安定基としては、炭素数2〜20のアルコキシカルボニル基、炭素数2〜20のアルコキシカルボニルメチル基、炭素数2〜20のアルコキシアルキル基、炭素数1〜10のアルキル置換シリル基、テトラヒドロピラニル基、テトラヒドロフラニル基等が挙げられるが、特に好ましいものは、テトラヒドロピラニル基、テトラヒドロフラニル基である。具体的には下記のものを挙げることができるが、これらに限定されない。又これらは単独でも2種以上用いても良い。
【0033】
【化21】
Figure 0004125094
【0034】
【化22】
Figure 0004125094
【0035】
本発明のポジ型感光性樹脂組成物は、これらの成分を溶剤(D)に溶解し、ワニス状にして使用する。溶剤(D)としては、光酸発生材から発生した触媒酸が失活するのを防ぐために窒素原子を含有していない溶媒を選択することが重要である。具体的な例としては、炭素数3〜10の環状ケトン、炭素数3〜10の環状ラクトン、ジメチルスルホキシド、ジエチレングリコールジアルキルエーテル、プロピレングリコールモノアルキルエーテル、ジプロピレングリコールモノアルキルエーテル、プロピレングリコールモノアルキルエーテルアセテート、3−メチル−3−メトキシブタノール、乳酸メチル、乳酸エチル、乳酸ブチル、メチル−1,3−ブチレングリコールアセテート、1,3−ブチレングリコール−3−モノアルキルエーテル、トリアルキルベンゼン、ピルビン酸メチル、ピルビン酸エチル、メチル−3−メトキシプロピオネート等が挙げられ、特に好ましいものとしては、γ−ブチロラクトン、シクロペンタノン、ジメチルスルホキシド、プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテル、プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテルアセテート、ジプロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテル、乳酸メチル、乳酸エチル、乳酸ブチルが挙げられ、これらは単独でも混合して用いてもよい。
【0036】
又本発明のポジ型感光性樹脂組成物には、露光部と未露光部の溶解コントラストを高めるという目的で、光酸発生材から発生した触媒酸の拡散を促進するために、更にフェノール化合物(E)を配合することが好ましい。触媒酸の拡散は系中の親水性水酸基を経由する(Jpn.J.Appl.Phys.,vol.35,Pt.1,No.12B,p6501(1996))挙動を示すことに基づくもので、適当なフェノール化合物(E)を配合することにより、保護基の脱離反応を促進させるものである。又これらのフェノール化合物(E)はアルカリ水溶液に可溶なため、露光部の溶解性が増加し、感度を高める働きもある。フェノール化合物(E)の配合量は、一般式(1)で示されるポリアミド樹脂(A)100重量部に対して1〜30重量部が好ましい。1重量部未満だと触媒酸の拡散効果が認められなくなり、30重量部を越えると現像時に著しい残膜率の低下が生じたり、冷凍保存中において析出が起こり実用性に欠けるおそれがあるので好ましくない。
【0037】
フェノール化合物(E)としては下記のものを挙げることができるがこれらに限定されない。又これらは単独でも2種以上用いても良い。
【化23】
Figure 0004125094
【0038】
【化24】
Figure 0004125094
【0039】
【化25】
Figure 0004125094
【0040】
本発明におけるポジ型感光性樹脂組成物には、必要によりレベリング剤、シランカップリング剤等の添加剤を配合することができる。
【0041】
本発明のポジ型感光性樹脂組成物は、まず該樹脂組成物を適当な支持体、例えばシリコンウェハー、セラミック基板、アルミ基板等に塗布する。塗布量は、半導体装置の場合、硬化後の最終膜厚が0.1〜30μmになるように塗布する。膜厚が0.1μm未満だと半導体素子の保護表面膜としての機能を十分に発揮することが困難となり、30μmを越えると、微細な加工パターンを得ることが困難となる。塗布方法としては、スピンナーを用いた回転塗布、スプレーコーターを用いた噴霧塗布、浸漬、印刷、ロールコーティング等がある。次に、60〜130℃でプリベークして塗膜を乾燥後、所望のパターン形状に化学線を照射する。化学線としては、X線、電子線、紫外線、可視光線等が使用できるが、200〜500nmの波長のものが好ましい。露光後、オーブンやホットプレートを用い、60〜150℃で熱処理を行う。露光後ベークによって光酸発生材から発生した酸が拡散し、触媒反応により保護基を脱離する。
【0042】
次に照射部を現像液で溶解除去することによりレリーフパターンを得る。現像液としては、水酸化ナトリウム、水酸化カリウム、炭酸ナトリウム、ケイ酸ナトリウム、メタケイ酸ナトリウム、アンモニア水等の無機アルカリ類、エチルアミン、n−プロピルアミン等の第1アミン類、ジエチルアミン、ジ−n−プロピルアミン等の第2アミン類、トリエチルアミン、メチルジエチルアミン等の第3アミン類、ジメチルエタノールアミン、トリエタノールアミン等のアルコールアミン類、テトラメチルアンモニウムヒドロキシド、テトラエチルアンモニウムヒドロキシド等の第4級アンモニウム塩等のアルカリ類の水溶液及びこれにメタノール、エタノールのごときアルコール類等の水溶性有機溶媒や界面活性剤を適当量添加した水溶液を好適に使用することができる。現像方法としては、スプレー、パドル、浸漬、超音波等の方式が可能である。
【0043】
次に、現像によって形成したレリーフパターンをリンスする。リンス液としては、蒸留水を使用する。次に加熱処理を行い、オキサゾール環を形成して耐熱性に富む最終パターンを得る。
本発明によるポジ型感光性樹脂組成物は、半導体用途のみならず、多層回路の層間絶縁やフレキシブル銅張板のカバーコート、ソルダーレジスト膜や液晶配向膜等としても有用である。
【0044】
【実施例】
以下、実施例により本発明を具体的に説明する。
<実施例1>
ポリアミド樹脂の合成
テレフタル酸0.9モルとイソフタル酸0.1モルと1−ヒドロキシ−1,2,3−ベンゾトリアゾール2モルとを反応させて得られたジカルボン酸誘導体(活性エステル)352.4g(0.88モル)とヘキサフルオロ−2,2−ビス(3−アミノ−4−ヒドロキシフェニル)プロパン366.3g(1モル)とを温度計、攪拌機、原料投入口、乾燥窒素ガス導入管を備えた4つ口のセパラブルフラスコに入れ、γ−ブチロラクトン3000gを加えて溶解させた。その後オイルバスを用いて75℃にて12時間反応させた。
【0045】
次にγ−ブチロラクトン500gに溶解させた5−ノルボルネン−2,3−ジカルボン酸無水物32.8g(0.2モル)を加え、更に12時間攪拌して反応を終了した。反応混合物を濾過した後、反応混合物を水/メタノール=3/1(体積比)の溶液に投入、沈殿物を濾集し水で充分洗浄した後、真空下で乾燥した。
【0046】
乾燥後のポリアミド樹脂49.6gを温度計、攪拌機、原料投入口、乾燥窒素ガス導入管を備えた4つ口のセパラブルフラスコに入れ、γ−ブチロラクトン250gを加えて溶解させた。その後二炭酸ジ−tert−ブチル6.5g(0.03モル)をγ−ブチロラクトン25gと共に滴下した。その後ピリジン2.3g(0.03モル)をγ−ブチロラクトン10gと共に滴下し、室温で5時間反応させた。反応混合物を濾過した後、反応混合物を水/メタノール=3/1(体積比)の溶液に投入、沈殿物を濾集し水で充分洗浄した後、真空下で乾燥し、一般式(1)で示され、Xが下記式X−1、Yが下記式Y−1及びY−2の混合物で、a=100、b=0、n=41からなり、核磁気共鳴法[装置:JNM−GSX400型FT−NMR装置(日本電子(株)製)、共鳴周波数:100MHz(プロトン)、溶媒(ジメチルスルホキシド)]により全水酸基の15%がtert−ブトキシカルボニル基で保護された目的のポリアミド樹脂(A−1)を合成した。
【0047】
ポジ型感光性樹脂組成物の作製
合成したポリアミド樹脂(A−1)10g、N−ヒドロキシナフタルイミドトリフルオロメタンスルホネート0.5g、2−(p−トルエンスルホニルオキシイミノ)−2−(4−メトキシフェニル)アセトニトリル0.5g、下記式(C−1)の構造を有する酸不安定基で保護された化合物2.0g、下記式(E−1)の構造を有するフェノール化合物0.5gをγ−ブチロラクトン25gに溶解した後、0.2μmのフッ素系樹脂フィルターで濾過しポジ型感光性樹脂組成物を得た。
【0048】
特性評価
このポジ型感光性樹脂組成物をシリコンウェハー上にスピンコーターを用いて塗布した後、ホットプレートにて90℃で3分プリベークし、膜厚7.0μmの塗膜を得た。この塗膜に凸版印刷(株)製・マスク(テストチャートNo.1:幅0.88〜50μmの残しパターン及び抜きパターンが描かれている)を通して、i線ステッパー((株)ニコン製・4425i)を用いて、露光量を変化させて照射した。その後ホットプレートにて110℃で5分露光後ベークを行った。
次に2.38%のテトラメチルアンモニウムヒドロキシド水溶液に20秒間2回浸漬することによって露光部を溶解除去した後、純水で10秒間リンスした。その結果、露光量140mJ/cm2で照射した部分よりパターンが成形されていることが確認できた。(感度は140mJ/cm2)。膜減り量は0.2μmと低い値を示し、解像度は3μmと非常に高い値を示した。又パターンのプロファイルも良好な形状を示した。
【0049】
<実施例2>
実施例1において、保護基導入前の乾燥後のポリアミド樹脂30gを温度計、攪拌機、原料投入口、乾燥窒素ガス導入管を備えた4つ口のセパラブルフラスコに入れ、酢酸エチル300gを加えて溶解させた。1.0mol/L塩酸/ジエチルエーテル溶液38.2ml(0.04モル)を滴下した後、40℃に加熱し、エチルビニルエーテル2.2g(0.03モル)を発熱に注意しながら滴下し、40℃で4時間反応させた。その後、10℃以下まで冷却し、トリエチルアミン2.0g(0.02モル)を滴下し、30分攪拌した。反応混合物を濾過した後、反応混合物をヘキサン/酢酸エチル=4/1(体積比)の溶液に投入、沈殿物を濾集し冷水で充分洗浄した後、真空下で乾燥し、一般式(1)で示され、Xが下記式X−1、Yが下記式Y−1及びY−2の混合物で、a=100、b=0、n=41からなり、前記した核磁気共鳴法により全水酸基の30%がエトキシエチル基で保護された目的のポリアミド樹脂(A−2)を合成した。
合成したポリアミド樹脂(A−2)10g、N−ヒドロキシナフタルイミドトリフルオロメタンスルホネート0.5g、2−(p−トルエンスルホニルオキシイミノ)−2−(4−メトキシフェニル)アセトニトリル0.5g、下記式(C−2)の構造を有する酸不安定基で保護された化合物2.0g、下記式(E−2)の構造を有するフェノール化合物0.5gをγ−ブチロラクトン25gに溶解した後、0.2μmのフッ素系樹脂フィルターで濾過しポジ型感光性樹脂組成物を得た他は、実施例1と同様の評価を行った。
【0050】
<比較例1>
テレフタル酸0.9モルとイソフタル酸0.1モルと1−ヒドロキシ−1,2,3−ベンゾトリアゾール2モルとを反応させて得られたジカルボン酸誘導体(活性エステル)352.4g(0.88モル)とヘキサフルオロ−2,2−ビス(3−アミノ−4−ヒドロキシフェニル)プロパン366.3g(1モル)とを温度計、攪拌機、原料投入口、乾燥窒素ガス導入管を備えた4つ口のセパラブルフラスコに入れ、N−メチル−2−ピロリドン3000gを加えて溶解させた。その後オイルバスを用いて75℃にて12時間反応させた。
次にN−メチル−2−ピロリドン500gに溶解させた5−ノルボルネン−2,3−ジカルボン酸無水物32.8g(0.2モル)を加え、更に12時間攪拌して反応を終了した。その他は実施例1と同様に反応し、一般式(1)で示され、Xが下記式X−1、Yが下記式Y−1及びY−2の混合物で、a=100、b=0、n=43からなり、水酸基に対する酸不安定基の置換率が0である目的のポリアミド樹脂(A−3)を合成した。合成したポリアミド樹脂(A−3)10g、下記式(Q−1)の構造を有する感光性ジアゾキノン化合物2g、下記式(E−1)の構造を有するフェノール化合物0.6gをγ−ブチロラクトン25gに溶解した後、0.2μmのフッ素系樹脂フィルターで濾過しポジ型感光性樹脂組成物を得た他は実施例1と同様の評価を行った。
<比較例2>
実施例1における、酸不安定基で保護された化合物(C−1)を(C−3)に代え、その配合量を変えた他は、実施例1と同様の評価を行った。
<比較例3>
実施例2における、酸不安定基で保護された化合物(C−2)を(C−4)に代えた他は、実施例1と同様の評価を行った。
以下に、実施例及び比較例のX−1、Y−1、Y−2、C−1〜C−4、E−1、E−2、Q−1の構造を示す。
以上の評価結果を表1に示す。
【0051】
【化26】
Figure 0004125094
【0052】
【化27】
Figure 0004125094
【0053】
【化28】
Figure 0004125094
【0054】
【化29】
Figure 0004125094
【0055】
【表1】
Figure 0004125094
【0056】
【発明の効果】
本発明のポジ型感光性樹脂組成物は、高感度かつ高解像度であり、現像後の未露光部の膜減り量が少なく、形成されたプロファイル性も良好である。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a positive photosensitive resin composition having high sensitivity and high resolution characteristics and a semiconductor device using the same.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, polyimide resin having excellent heat resistance and excellent electrical characteristics, mechanical characteristics, and the like has been used for the surface protection film and interlayer insulating film of the semiconductor element. Due to the thinning and downsizing of semiconductor devices and the shift to surface mounting by solder reflow, there is a demand for significant improvement in heat cycle resistance, heat shock resistance, etc., and higher performance resins have become necessary. .
[0003]
On the other hand, a technique for imparting photosensitivity to the polyimide resin itself has been attracting attention, and examples thereof include a negative photosensitive polyimide resin represented by the following formula (10).
[Chemical 8]
Figure 0004125094
[0004]
If this is used, a part of the pattern creation process can be simplified, and there is an effect of shortening the process and improving the yield. However, since a solvent such as N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone is required for development, safety and handling There is a problem with sex. Accordingly, positive photosensitive resin compositions that can be developed with an aqueous alkaline solution have been developed (see, for example, Patent Document 1, Patent Document 2, Patent Document 3, Patent Document 4, and Patent Document 5). These disclose a positive photosensitive resin composition comprising a polyamic acid which is a precursor of a polyimide resin and a diazoquinone compound which is a photosensitive material. The diazoquinone compound used as these photosensitive materials undergoes a chemical change upon exposure and becomes soluble in an alkaline aqueous solution. However, the rate of change is not only about 40%, but the absorption of the light itself is large, so that when applied to a thick film, sufficient light does not reach the bottom of the film. Therefore, there is a problem that a large amount of exposure is required to open the exposed portion, and the sensitivity is lowered.
[0005]
Furthermore, in the positive photosensitive resin composition represented by a semiconductor resist using ultraviolet rays such as g-line and i-line as a light source, a phenol novolac resin is used as a base resin. Since the resin has a low hydroxyl group concentration per unit molecular weight, the resin has a weak ability to inhibit dissolution in an aqueous alkali solution by interacting with a diazoquinone compound, and the film loss amount in an unexposed portion after development is large. Therefore, before the exposed area is sufficiently dissolved and removed with the developer, the unexposed area is less than the target film thickness, so that not only the sensitivity decreases as a result, but the pattern wall surface is scraped, The dimensional stability of the opening is reduced. Moreover, in the case of a carboxyl group, it does not interact with the diazoquinone compound, and further, its solubility in an alkaline aqueous solution is much higher than that of a phenolic hydroxyl group. In addition to being unable to obtain the desired film thickness, there is a problem that the pattern formation itself becomes difficult. In the case of a carboxyl group blocked with an appropriate protecting group, the unexposed area is sufficiently resistant to an alkaline aqueous solution, but the exposed area is poorly soluble, resulting in a decrease in sensitivity, and a residual resin (scum) after development. There is a problem that is.
[0006]
Therefore, a chemically amplified positive photosensitive resin composition incorporating a catalytic action by a photochemical reaction has been developed. This chemically amplified positive photosensitive resin composition is generally composed of a base resin in which a hydroxyl group or a carboxyl group is protected with an appropriate acid labile group, and a photoacid generator that generates an acid upon irradiation with light. ing. The development mechanism of this chemically amplified positive photosensitive resin composition is as follows. The base resin protected with an acid labile group in an unexposed portion is resistant to an alkaline aqueous solution as a developer. On the other hand, the exposed portion is soluble in an aqueous alkali solution by diffusing the acid generated from the photoacid generator by the heat treatment after exposure to act as a catalyst, detaching the protective group in the base resin, and regenerating the hydroxyl group or carboxyl group. Become. By utilizing the difference in solubility between the exposed portion and the unexposed portion to dissolve and remove the exposed portion, it is possible to form a coating film pattern only on the unexposed portion. In addition, this catalytic acid is present after the elimination reaction, causing many reactions, resulting in a high apparent quantum yield, which not only facilitates high sensitivity, but also provides high dissolution contrast, so high resolution can be achieved. I can expect. Examples of the resist for semiconductors include 2847414, 2848611, JP-A-3-249654, JP-A-9-230588, etc., but the base resin used in these is mainly poly. Hydroxystyrene, which provides high resolution but lacks heat resistance and is not suitable for use as a surface protection film or interlayer insulation film for semiconductor elements.
[0007]
Chemical amplification type photosensitive resin compositions using a polyimide resin or a polyamide resin as a base resin are disclosed for use as a surface protective film and an interlayer insulating film of a semiconductor element (for example, Patent Document 6, Patent Document 7, Patent Document). 8, see Patent Document 9.). However, in the disclosed base resin, the hydroxyl group remains even after being cured by heat, so that the moisture resistance reliability is lowered, and a sufficient dissolution contrast cannot be obtained. Even in the sensitivity, there are problems that the target film thickness cannot be obtained due to an increase in the amount of film reduction in the unexposed area, and that the side etching is large and the profile property is poor.
[0008]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-3-247655,
[Patent Document 2]
JP-A-5-204156,
[Patent Document 3]
JP-A-6-258836,
[Patent Document 4]
JP-A-10-186658,
[Patent Document 5]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-307394 [Patent Document 6]
JP-A-3-763 [Patent Document 7]
JP-A-4-120171 [Patent Document 8]
JP 11-202489 A [Patent Document 9]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-194791
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention provides a positive-type photosensitive resin composition having high sensitivity and high resolution, and having a small amount of film loss in an unexposed portion after development, and a semiconductor device using the same.
[0010]
The present invention
[1] Polyamide resin (A) represented by the general formula (1), a compound (B) that generates an acid by light, and an acid that decomposes the carboxyl group of the compound represented by the general formula (2) in the presence of an acid protected of compounds with labile group (C) and positive photosensitive resin composition characterized by containing a solvent (D),
[0011]
[Chemical 9]
Figure 0004125094
[0012]
Embedded image
Figure 0004125094
[0013]
[2] The positive photosensitive resin composition according to item [1], wherein X in the polyamide resin (A) represented by the general formula (1) is selected from the group of the formula (3);
[0014]
Embedded image
Figure 0004125094
[0015]
[3] The positive photosensitive resin composition according to the item [1] or [2], wherein X in the polyamide resin (A) represented by the general formula (1) is selected from the group of the formula (3) object,
[0016]
Embedded image
Figure 0004125094
[0017]
[4] The compound (C) in which the carboxyl group of the compound represented by the general formula (2) is protected with an acid labile group that decomposes in the presence of an acid is selected from a tetrahydropyranyl group or a tetrahydrofuranyl group. The positive photosensitive resin composition according to any one of [1] to [3], which is a compound protected with a substituent,
[5] The solvent (D) is a cyclic ketone having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, a cyclic lactone having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, dimethyl sulfoxide, propylene glycol monoalkyl ether, propylene glycol monoalkyl ether acetate, dipropylene glycol monoalkyl ether, lactic acid The positive photosensitive resin composition according to any one of [1] to [4], which is selected from methyl, ethyl lactate, and butyl lactate,
[6] A positive photosensitive resin composition, wherein the positive photosensitive resin composition according to any one of items [1] to [5] further contains a phenol compound (E),
[7] The positive photosensitive resin as described in item [6], wherein the phenol compound (E) is selected from the group consisting of the general formulas (5), (6), (7), (8) and (9). Composition,
[0018]
Embedded image
Figure 0004125094
[0019]
Embedded image
Figure 0004125094
[0020]
Embedded image
Figure 0004125094
[0021]
[8] It is obtained by applying the positive photosensitive resin composition according to any one of [1] to [7] on a semiconductor element, prebaking, exposing, heating after exposure, developing, and heating. Semiconductor device,
[9] A positive photosensitive resin composition is applied on a semiconductor element so that the film thickness after heat dehydration and ring closure is 0.1 to 30 μm, and is obtained by prebaking, exposure, post-exposure heating, development, and heating. The semiconductor device according to item [8],
It is.
[0022]
The polyamide resin of the general formula (1) is composed of bis (aminophenol) having a structure of X, a silicone diamine having a structure of Z and a dicarboxylic acid or dicarboxylic acid dichloride having a structure of Y, and a dicarboxylic acid derivative. Then, the protecting group that becomes an acid labile group is substituted with a phenolic hydroxyl group in the polyamide resin. In the case of dicarboxylic acid, an active ester type dicarboxylic acid derivative obtained by reacting 1-hydroxy-1,2,3-benzotriazole or the like in advance may be used in order to increase the reaction yield or the like. The protecting group to be an acid labile group is an alkoxycarbonyl group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkoxyalkyl group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkyl-substituted silyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a tetrahydropyranyl group, or a tetrahydrofuranyl group. Can be mentioned. In addition, in order to obtain a resin with a small amount of film loss in the unexposed area after development and a large dissolution contrast between the exposed area and the unexposed area, 5-80% of all hydroxyl groups in the polyamide resin are protected as acid labile groups It must be substituted with a group. If it is less than 5%, the unexposed area cannot exhibit sufficient dissolution inhibiting ability, so the amount of film loss increases, and if it exceeds 80%, the solubility of the exposed area becomes extremely slow and the sensitivity is lowered. Resin residue (scum) tends to occur after development. After development, when this polyamide resin is heated at about 300 to 400 ° C., it is dehydrated and closed, and a heat-resistant resin is obtained in the form of polybenzoxazole.
[0023]
X of the polyamide resin of the general formula (1) of the present invention is, for example,
Embedded image
Figure 0004125094
However, it is not limited to these. Particularly preferred among these are those selected from the group represented by formula (3), and two or more of them may be used.
[0024]
Y of the polyamide resin of the general formula (1) is, for example,
Embedded image
Figure 0004125094
However, it is not limited to these. Among these, particularly preferred are those selected from the group represented by formula (4), and two or more of them may be used.
[0025]
The positive photosensitive resin composition of the present invention is obtained by reacting bis (aminophenol) having a structure of X with a dicarboxylic acid having a structure of Y, a dicarboxylic acid dichloride or a dicarboxylic acid derivative from the viewpoint of storage stability. After synthesizing the polyamide resin, it is important to cap the terminal amino group with an acid anhydride containing an aliphatic group or cyclic compound group having at least one alkenyl group or alkynyl group. As a group derived from an acid anhydride containing an aliphatic group or cyclic compound group having at least one alkenyl group or alkynyl group, for example,
[0026]
Embedded image
Figure 0004125094
However, it is not limited to these.
[0027]
Among these, particularly preferred are:
Embedded image
Figure 0004125094
Two or more kinds may be used.
[0028]
Furthermore, Z of the polyamide resin of the general formula (1) used if necessary is, for example,
Figure 0004125094
[0029]
However, the present invention is not limited to these, and two or more kinds may be used.
Z in the general formula (1) is used, for example, when particularly excellent adhesion to a substrate such as a silicon wafer is required, but the use ratio b is up to 40 mol%. If it exceeds 40 mol%, the solubility of the resin in the developer is extremely lowered, developing residue (scum) is generated, and pattern processing becomes impossible. In addition, when using these X, Y, and Z, they may be one kind or a mixture of two or more kinds. N in the general formula (1) is 2 to 300, but if it exceeds 300, scum may be generated after development, which is not preferable.
[0030]
The compound (B) that generates an acid by light used in the positive photosensitive resin composition of the present invention,
Photograph. Sci. Eng. , 18, p387 (1974), CHEMTECH, Oct. p624 (1980), Polym. Mater. Sci. Eng. 72, p406 (1995), Macromol. Chem. Rapid Commun. 14, p203 (1993), J.M. Photopolym. Sci. Technol. , 6, p67 (1993), Macromolecules, 21, p2001 (1988), Chem. Mater. 3, p462 (1991), Proc. 2-nitrobenzyl esters described in SPIE, 1086, 2 (1989); Photopolym. Sci. Technol. , 2, p429 (1989), Proc. SPIE, 1262, p575 (1990) described N-iminosulfonates, Polym. Mat. Sci. Eng. , 61, 269 (1989), naphthoquinonediazide-4-sulfonic acid esters; Photopolym. Sci. Technol. 4, p389 (1991), Proc. And halogen compounds described in SPIE, 2195, p173 (1994). These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
[0031]
The positive photosensitive resin composition of the present invention is an acid that decomposes the carboxyl group of the compound represented by the general formula (2) in the presence of an acid in order to further improve the dissolution contrast between the exposed and unexposed areas. It is important to incorporate the compound (C) protected with a labile group. As a result, the resistance to the alkaline aqueous solution is improved in the unexposed area, and the carboxyl group is regenerated by elimination of the acid labile group by the action of the catalytic acid generated from the photoacid generator in the exposed area, which is stronger than the hydroxyl group. Promotes dissolution promoting action.
[0032]
Examples of the acid labile group that decomposes in the presence of an acid include an alkoxycarbonyl group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkoxycarbonylmethyl group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, an alkoxyalkyl group having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, and 1 to 10 carbon atoms. Of the alkyl-substituted silyl group, tetrahydropyranyl group, tetrahydrofuranyl group and the like, and particularly preferred are a tetrahydropyranyl group and a tetrahydrofuranyl group. Specific examples include the following, but are not limited thereto. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
[0033]
Embedded image
Figure 0004125094
[0034]
Embedded image
Figure 0004125094
[0035]
The positive photosensitive resin composition of the present invention is used by dissolving these components in a solvent (D) and forming a varnish. As the solvent (D), it is important to select a solvent that does not contain a nitrogen atom in order to prevent the catalytic acid generated from the photoacid generator from being deactivated. Specific examples include cyclic ketones having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, cyclic lactones having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, dimethyl sulfoxide, diethylene glycol dialkyl ether, propylene glycol monoalkyl ether, dipropylene glycol monoalkyl ether, propylene glycol monoalkyl ether. Acetate, 3-methyl-3-methoxybutanol, methyl lactate, ethyl lactate, butyl lactate, methyl-1,3-butylene glycol acetate, 1,3-butylene glycol-3-monoalkyl ether, trialkylbenzene, methyl pyruvate, Examples include ethyl pyruvate, methyl-3-methoxypropionate, and particularly preferable examples include γ-butyrolactone, cyclopentanone, dimethyl sulfoxide, propylene glycol mono Chirueteru, propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether, methyl lactate, ethyl lactate, include butyl lactate, and these may be used individually or as a mixture.
[0036]
The positive photosensitive resin composition of the present invention further includes a phenol compound (in order to promote the diffusion of the catalytic acid generated from the photoacid generator for the purpose of increasing the dissolution contrast between the exposed and unexposed areas. It is preferable to blend E). The diffusion of the catalytic acid is based on the behavior through the hydrophilic hydroxyl group in the system (Jpn. J. Appl. Phys., Vol. 35, Pt. 1, No. 12B, p6501 (1996)) By blending an appropriate phenol compound (E), the elimination reaction of the protecting group is promoted. In addition, since these phenol compounds (E) are soluble in an alkaline aqueous solution, the solubility of the exposed area is increased and the sensitivity is increased. As for the compounding quantity of a phenolic compound (E), 1-30 weight part is preferable with respect to 100 weight part of polyamide resins (A) shown by General formula (1). When the amount is less than 1 part by weight, the effect of diffusing the catalyst acid is not observed. When the amount exceeds 30 parts by weight, the remaining film ratio may be significantly reduced during development, or precipitation may occur during freezing storage, resulting in lack of practicality. Absent.
[0037]
Examples of the phenol compound (E) include, but are not limited to, the following. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
Embedded image
Figure 0004125094
[0038]
Embedded image
Figure 0004125094
[0039]
Embedded image
Figure 0004125094
[0040]
If necessary, additives such as a leveling agent and a silane coupling agent can be added to the positive photosensitive resin composition in the present invention.
[0041]
In the positive photosensitive resin composition of the present invention, first, the resin composition is applied to an appropriate support such as a silicon wafer, a ceramic substrate, an aluminum substrate, or the like. In the case of a semiconductor device, the coating amount is applied so that the final film thickness after curing is 0.1 to 30 μm. When the film thickness is less than 0.1 μm, it is difficult to sufficiently exhibit the function as a protective surface film of the semiconductor element, and when it exceeds 30 μm, it is difficult to obtain a fine processed pattern. Examples of the coating method include spin coating using a spinner, spray coating using a spray coater, dipping, printing, roll coating, and the like. Next, after prebaking at 60 to 130 ° C. to dry the coating film, actinic radiation is applied to the desired pattern shape. As the actinic radiation, X-rays, electron beams, ultraviolet rays, visible rays and the like can be used, but those having a wavelength of 200 to 500 nm are preferable. After the exposure, heat treatment is performed at 60 to 150 ° C. using an oven or a hot plate. The acid generated from the photoacid generator is diffused by baking after exposure, and the protecting group is removed by catalytic reaction.
[0042]
Next, a relief pattern is obtained by dissolving and removing the irradiated portion with a developer. Developers include inorganic alkalis such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, sodium silicate, sodium metasilicate, and aqueous ammonia, primary amines such as ethylamine and n-propylamine, diethylamine, and di-n. Secondary amines such as propylamine, tertiary amines such as triethylamine and methyldiethylamine, alcohol amines such as dimethylethanolamine and triethanolamine, quaternary ammonium such as tetramethylammonium hydroxide and tetraethylammonium hydroxide An aqueous solution of an alkali such as a salt and an aqueous solution to which an appropriate amount of a water-soluble organic solvent such as methanol or ethanol or a surfactant is added can be suitably used. As a developing method, methods such as spraying, paddle, dipping, and ultrasonic waves are possible.
[0043]
Next, the relief pattern formed by development is rinsed. Distilled water is used as the rinse liquid. Next, heat treatment is performed to form an oxazole ring to obtain a final pattern rich in heat resistance.
The positive photosensitive resin composition according to the present invention is useful not only for semiconductor applications, but also as interlayer insulation for multilayer circuits, cover coats for flexible copper-clad plates, solder resist films, liquid crystal alignment films, and the like.
[0044]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described specifically by way of examples.
<Example 1>
Synthesis of polyamide resin 352.4 g of dicarboxylic acid derivative (active ester) obtained by reacting 0.9 mol of terephthalic acid, 0.1 mol of isophthalic acid and 2 mol of 1-hydroxy-1,2,3-benzotriazole (0.88 mol) and 366.3 g (1 mol) of hexafluoro-2,2-bis (3-amino-4-hydroxyphenyl) propane were added to a thermometer, a stirrer, a raw material inlet, and a dry nitrogen gas inlet tube. It was put into a four-necked separable flask equipped, and 3000 g of γ-butyrolactone was added and dissolved. Thereafter, the mixture was reacted at 75 ° C. for 12 hours using an oil bath.
[0045]
Next, 32.8 g (0.2 mol) of 5-norbornene-2,3-dicarboxylic anhydride dissolved in 500 g of γ-butyrolactone was added, and the mixture was further stirred for 12 hours to complete the reaction. After the reaction mixture was filtered, the reaction mixture was poured into a solution of water / methanol = 3/1 (volume ratio), the precipitate was collected by filtration, washed thoroughly with water, and dried under vacuum.
[0046]
49.6 g of the polyamide resin after drying was placed in a four-necked separable flask equipped with a thermometer, a stirrer, a raw material inlet, and a dry nitrogen gas inlet tube, and 250 g of γ-butyrolactone was added and dissolved. Thereafter, 6.5 g (0.03 mol) of di-tert-butyl dicarbonate was added dropwise together with 25 g of γ-butyrolactone. Thereafter, 2.3 g (0.03 mol) of pyridine was added dropwise together with 10 g of γ-butyrolactone and reacted at room temperature for 5 hours. After filtering the reaction mixture, the reaction mixture was poured into a solution of water / methanol = 3/1 (volume ratio), the precipitate was collected by filtration, washed thoroughly with water, and then dried under vacuum to obtain the general formula (1) X is a mixture of the following formulas X-1, Y is a mixture of the following formulas Y-1 and Y-2, and a = 100, b = 0, n = 41, and a nuclear magnetic resonance method [apparatus: JNM- GSX400 type FT-NMR apparatus (manufactured by JEOL Ltd.), resonance frequency: 100 MHz (proton), solvent (dimethyl sulfoxide)], a target polyamide resin in which 15% of all hydroxyl groups are protected with a tert-butoxycarbonyl group ( A-1) was synthesized.
[0047]
Preparation of positive photosensitive resin composition 10 g of synthesized polyamide resin (A-1), 0.5 g of N-hydroxynaphthalimide trifluoromethanesulfonate, 2- (p-toluenesulfonyloxyimino) -2- (4-methoxyphenyl) ) 0.5 g of acetonitrile, 2.0 g of a compound protected with an acid labile group having the structure of the following formula (C-1), 0.5 g of a phenol compound having the structure of the following formula (E-1), and γ-butyrolactone After being dissolved in 25 g, it was filtered through a 0.2 μm fluororesin filter to obtain a positive photosensitive resin composition.
[0048]
Characteristic Evaluation This positive photosensitive resin composition was applied onto a silicon wafer using a spin coater and then pre-baked at 90 ° C. for 3 minutes on a hot plate to obtain a coating film having a film thickness of 7.0 μm. Through this coating film, a mask made by Toppan Printing Co., Ltd. (test chart No. 1: a remaining pattern and a blank pattern having a width of 0.88 to 50 μm are drawn), and an i-line stepper (manufactured by Nikon Corporation, 4425i). ) And changed the exposure amount. Thereafter, after exposure at 110 ° C. for 5 minutes on a hot plate, baking was performed.
Next, the exposed portion was dissolved and removed by immersing in a 2.38% tetramethylammonium hydroxide aqueous solution twice for 20 seconds, and then rinsed with pure water for 10 seconds. As a result, it was confirmed that a pattern was formed from the portion irradiated with an exposure amount of 140 mJ / cm 2 . (Sensitivity is 140 mJ / cm 2 ). The film loss was as low as 0.2 μm, and the resolution was as high as 3 μm. The pattern profile also showed a good shape.
[0049]
<Example 2>
In Example 1, 30 g of the dried polyamide resin before introduction of the protective group was placed in a four-necked separable flask equipped with a thermometer, a stirrer, a raw material inlet, and a dry nitrogen gas inlet tube, and 300 g of ethyl acetate was added. Dissolved. After dropwise addition of 38.2 ml (0.04 mol) of 1.0 mol / L hydrochloric acid / diethyl ether solution, the mixture was heated to 40 ° C., and 2.2 g (0.03 mol) of ethyl vinyl ether was added dropwise while paying attention to heat generation. The reaction was carried out at 40 ° C. for 4 hours. Then, it cooled to 10 degrees C or less, 2.0 g (0.02 mol) of triethylamine was dripped, and it stirred for 30 minutes. After the reaction mixture was filtered, the reaction mixture was put into a solution of hexane / ethyl acetate = 4/1 (volume ratio), the precipitate was collected by filtration, washed well with cold water, dried under vacuum, and represented by the general formula (1 X is a mixture of the following formulas X-1, Y is a mixture of the following formulas Y-1 and Y-2, and consists of a = 100, b = 0, n = 41. A target polyamide resin (A-2) in which 30% of the hydroxyl groups were protected with ethoxyethyl groups was synthesized.
10 g of the synthesized polyamide resin (A-2), 0.5 g of N-hydroxynaphthalimide trifluoromethanesulfonate, 0.5 g of 2- (p-toluenesulfonyloxyimino) -2- (4-methoxyphenyl) acetonitrile, the following formula ( After dissolving 2.0 g of a compound protected with an acid labile group having the structure of C-2) and 0.5 g of a phenolic compound having the structure of the following formula (E-2) in 25 g of γ-butyrolactone, 0.2 μm The same evaluation as in Example 1 was performed, except that a positive photosensitive resin composition was obtained by filtration through a fluororesin filter.
[0050]
<Comparative Example 1>
352.4 g (0.88) of a dicarboxylic acid derivative (active ester) obtained by reacting 0.9 mol of terephthalic acid, 0.1 mol of isophthalic acid and 2 mol of 1-hydroxy-1,2,3-benzotriazole Mol) and 366.3 g (1 mol) of hexafluoro-2,2-bis (3-amino-4-hydroxyphenyl) propane, provided with a thermometer, a stirrer, a raw material inlet, and a dry nitrogen gas inlet tube It put into the separable flask of a neck, 3000 g of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone was added and it was made to melt | dissolve. Thereafter, the mixture was reacted at 75 ° C. for 12 hours using an oil bath.
Next, 32.8 g (0.2 mol) of 5-norbornene-2,3-dicarboxylic anhydride dissolved in 500 g of N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone was added, and the mixture was further stirred for 12 hours to complete the reaction. Others reacted in the same manner as in Example 1, represented by the general formula (1), wherein X is a mixture of the following formula X-1, Y is a mixture of the following formulas Y-1 and Y-2, and a = 100, b = 0. N = 43, and the target polyamide resin (A-3) having a substitution ratio of acid labile groups to hydroxyl groups of 0 was synthesized. 10 g of the synthesized polyamide resin (A-3), 2 g of the photosensitive diazoquinone compound having the structure of the following formula (Q-1), and 0.6 g of the phenol compound having the structure of the following formula (E-1) are added to 25 g of γ-butyrolactone. After dissolution, the same evaluation as in Example 1 was performed, except that a positive photosensitive resin composition was obtained by filtration through a 0.2 μm fluororesin filter.
<Comparative example 2>
The same evaluation as in Example 1 was performed except that the compound (C-1) protected with an acid labile group in Example 1 was replaced with (C-3) and the blending amount thereof was changed.
<Comparative Example 3>
The same evaluation as in Example 1 was performed except that the compound (C-2) protected with an acid labile group in Example 2 was replaced with (C-4).
The structures of X-1, Y-1, Y-2, C-1 to C-4, E-1, E-2, and Q-1 of Examples and Comparative Examples are shown below.
The above evaluation results are shown in Table 1.
[0051]
Embedded image
Figure 0004125094
[0052]
Embedded image
Figure 0004125094
[0053]
Embedded image
Figure 0004125094
[0054]
Embedded image
Figure 0004125094
[0055]
[Table 1]
Figure 0004125094
[0056]
【The invention's effect】
The positive photosensitive resin composition of the present invention has high sensitivity and high resolution, has a small amount of film loss in an unexposed portion after development, and has a good profile.

Claims (9)

一般式(1)で示されるポリアミド樹脂(A)、光により酸を発生する化合物(B)、一般式(2)で示される化合物のカルボキシル基を、酸の存在下で分解する酸不安定基で保護された合物(C)及び溶剤(D)を含むことを特徴とするポジ型感光性樹脂組成物。
Figure 0004125094
Figure 0004125094
The polyamide resin (A) represented by the general formula (1), the compound (B) that generates an acid by light, and the acid labile group that decomposes the carboxyl group of the compound represented by the general formula (2) in the presence of an acid. in protected of compound (C) and positive photosensitive resin composition characterized by containing a solvent (D).
Figure 0004125094
Figure 0004125094
一般式(1)で示されるポリアミド樹脂(A)中のXが、式(3)の群より選ばれてなる請求項1記載のポジ型感光性樹脂組成物。
Figure 0004125094
The positive photosensitive resin composition according to claim 1, wherein X in the polyamide resin (A) represented by the general formula (1) is selected from the group of the formula (3).
Figure 0004125094
一般式(1)で示されるポリアミド樹脂(A)中のYが、式(4)の群より選ばれてなる請求項1又は2記載のポジ型感光性樹脂組成物。
Figure 0004125094
The positive photosensitive resin composition according to claim 1 or 2, wherein Y in the polyamide resin (A) represented by the general formula (1) is selected from the group of the formula (4).
Figure 0004125094
一般式(2)で示される化合物のカルボキシル基を、酸の存在下で分解する酸不安定基で保護された化合物(C)が、テトラヒドロピラニル基又はテトラヒドロフラニル基から選ばれた置換基で保護された化合物である請求項1〜3記載のポジ型感光性樹脂組成物。  The compound (C) in which the carboxyl group of the compound represented by the general formula (2) is protected with an acid labile group that decomposes in the presence of an acid is a substituent selected from a tetrahydropyranyl group or a tetrahydrofuranyl group. The positive photosensitive resin composition according to claim 1, which is a protected compound. 溶剤(D)が炭素数3〜10の環状ケトン、炭素数3〜10の環状ラクトン、ジメチルスルホキシド、プロピレングリコールモノアルキルエーテル、プロピレングリコールモノアルキルエーテルアセテート、ジプロピレングリコールモノアルキルエーテル、乳酸メチル、乳酸エチル、乳酸ブチルより選ばれてなる請求項1〜4記載のポジ型感光性樹脂組成物。  Solvent (D) is a cyclic ketone having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, a cyclic lactone having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, dimethyl sulfoxide, propylene glycol monoalkyl ether, propylene glycol monoalkyl ether acetate, dipropylene glycol monoalkyl ether, methyl lactate, lactic acid The positive photosensitive resin composition according to claim 1, which is selected from ethyl and butyl lactate. 請求項1〜5のいずれかに記載のポジ型感光性樹脂組成物が、更にフェノール化合物(E)を含むポジ型感光性樹脂組成物。  The positive photosensitive resin composition in which the positive photosensitive resin composition in any one of Claims 1-5 contains a phenolic compound (E) further. フェノール化合物(E)が、一般式(5)、一般式(6)、一般式(7)、一般式(8)、一般式(9)の群より選ばれてなる請求項6記載のポジ型感光性樹脂組成物。
Figure 0004125094
Figure 0004125094
Figure 0004125094
The positive type according to claim 6, wherein the phenol compound (E) is selected from the group consisting of general formula (5), general formula (6), general formula (7), general formula (8), and general formula (9). Photosensitive resin composition.
Figure 0004125094
Figure 0004125094
Figure 0004125094
請求項1〜7のいずれかに記載のポジ型感光性樹脂組成物を半導体素子上に塗布し、プリベーク、露光、露光後加熱、現像、加熱して得られることを特徴とする半導体装置。  A semiconductor device obtained by applying the positive photosensitive resin composition according to any one of claims 1 to 7 on a semiconductor element, and prebaking, exposure, post-exposure heating, development, and heating. ポジ型感光性樹脂組成物を加熱脱水閉環後の膜厚が、0.1〜30μmになるように半導体素子上に塗布し、プリベーク、露光、露光後加熱、現像、加熱して得られる請求項8記載の半導体装置。  Claims obtained by coating a positive photosensitive resin composition on a semiconductor element so that the film thickness after heat dehydration and ring closure is 0.1 to 30 μm, prebaking, exposure, post-exposure heating, development, and heating. 8. The semiconductor device according to 8.
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