JP4115242B2 - Refrigeration system - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a refrigeration system that takes out a low-temperature refrigeration medium such as cold water or brine by an external heat source such as solar heat using the configuration of an absorption refrigerator.
[0002]
[Prior art]
A conventional absorption refrigerator is disclosed in Non-Patent Document 1.
According to this conventional example, as shown in the schematic configuration diagram of the conventional example of FIG. 2 , the heat obtained by the solar heat collector 01 is stored in the heat storage tank 02 as hot water, and the hot water is used as a heat source to generate refrigerant in the generator 03. Vapor is generated and the refrigerant vapor separated by the separator 04 is supplied to the condenser 05, the refrigerant liquid condensed and liquefied by the condenser 05 is supplied to the evaporator 06, and the refrigerant is absorbed by the absorber 07. Then, the refrigerant liquid is evaporated by the evaporator 06, cold water is obtained by the latent heat of evaporation, the obtained cold water is supplied to the air conditioner 08 for air conditioning, and the hot water stored in the heat storage tank 02 is used for hot water supply. It is configured as follows. In the figure, reference numeral 09 denotes an auxiliary heat source for coping with a case where the heat collection temperature is low due to rain or the like, and 010 denotes a cooling tower that sends cooling water to the condenser 05 and the absorber 07.
[0003]
[Non-Patent Document 1]
Akiichi Takada, "Absorption refrigerator and heat pump" 2nd edition, Japan Refrigeration Association September 18, 1989, p119, Fig. 8.21
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the case of the conventional example, facilities such as the heat storage tank 02 and the auxiliary heat source 09 are necessary to cope with the temperature change of the external heat source input to the generator 03, the system becomes complicated, and the initial cost increases. There were drawbacks.
[0005]
In addition, when the temperature for taking out the cold water is low, the temperature difference between the temperature of the required cold water and the temperature of the cold water taken out from the evaporator 06 is reduced, so that the amount of cold water supplied to the air conditioner 08 is increased, The air conditioning secondary design, such as increasing the heat exchanger and enlarging the heat exchange area, resulted in excessive cold water piping and heat exchangers, leading to an increase in initial cost.
[0006]
This invention is made | formed in view of such a situation, and when the invention which concerns on Claim 1 uses the external heat source from which heat input fluctuates like solar heat etc., the fluctuation | variation of the heat input amount of an external heat source. Regardless of this, the object is to make it possible to obtain a predetermined cold heat at a low cost, and the invention according to claims 2 and 3 aims to obtain an external heat source at a low cost.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above-described object, the refrigeration system of the invention according to claim 1
A regenerator containing the refrigerant-absorbent and evaporating and separating the refrigerant by heating an external heat source;
A condenser connected to the regenerator and introducing a refrigerant evaporated and separated from an absorbent in the regenerator to condense and liquefy;
An absorber that is provided apart from the regenerator and the condenser and that is connected to the regenerator and absorbs the refrigerant into the absorbent after evaporation of the refrigerant supplied from the regenerator and returns the refrigerant to the regenerator;
An evaporator provided apart from the regenerator and the condenser and connected to the condenser and the absorber to evaporate a refrigerant liquid from the condenser;
A compressor that sucks the refrigerant in the evaporator and pressurizes and supplies it to the absorber;
A cold heat extracting means attached to the evaporator to extract the cold heat obtained by the evaporator;
A piping for a refrigeration circuit that is connected across the absorber and the evaporator and has an expansion valve interposed therein, and that constitutes a refrigeration circuit with the compressor, the absorber, and the evaporator;
Refrigeration control means for forcibly circulating the refrigerant in the refrigeration circuit using the absorber as a condenser based on the amount of heat input from the external heat source.
Refrigerant - The absorbent, an ammonia refrigerant, ammonia water with the absorbent - Toka those aqueous, the methanol and the refrigerant, methanol and water with the absorbent - such as those of water, various refrigerant - absorbent Is applicable.
[0008]
(Action / Effect)
According to the configuration of the refrigeration system of the first aspect of the invention, when using an external heat source that varies in the amount of heat input such as solar heat, if the heat input amount of the external heat source is greater than or equal to a predetermined amount, regeneration is performed by heating the external heat source. The refrigerant is evaporated and separated by the regenerator, the refrigerant separated by evaporation is introduced into the condenser to be condensed and liquefied, and the refrigerant liquid is supplied to the evaporator provided at a position away from the regenerator and the condenser to be evaporated. In the evaporator, the refrigerant is sucked by the compressor and pressurized and supplied to the absorber so that the absorbent in the absorber absorbs the refrigerant, promotes the evaporation of the refrigerant in the evaporator, and the cooling heat extraction means is generated by the latent heat of evaporation. The cold heat can be taken out.
On the other hand, when the amount of heat input from the external heat source is not more than a predetermined amount, the absorber is operated as a condenser through the refrigeration pipe interposing the expansion valve by the refrigeration control means, and the absorber, expansion valve, evaporator, compression The refrigerant is forcibly circulated in a refrigeration circuit composed of a machine, and the cold heat can be taken out by the cold heat taking-out means.
[0009]
Therefore, it is possible to take out predetermined cold heat at a low cost without providing a large-scale heat storage tank or auxiliary heat source.
Moreover, since the refrigerant liquid is supplied to the evaporator provided at a position away from the regenerator and the condenser to evaporate and the cold heat is taken out by the latent heat of evaporation, the regenerator can be installed at a position where an external heat source can be easily used. The evaporator can be installed at a convenient location for using cold heat and is extremely useful in practice.
[0010]
[0011]
[0012]
[0013]
[0014]
[0015]
[0016]
[0017]
In order to achieve the above-described object, the invention according to claim 2
The refrigeration system of claim 1 ,
Solar heat is used as an external heat source.
[0018]
(Action / Effect)
According to the configuration of the refrigeration system of the invention according to claim 2 , solar heat, which is natural energy, is used as an external heat source.
Therefore, the external heat source can be obtained at a low cost, and the economy can be improved.
[0019]
In order to achieve the above-described object, the invention according to claim 3
The refrigeration system according to claim 1 or 2 ,
Geothermal is used as an external heat source.
[0020]
(Action / Effect)
According to the configuration of the refrigeration system of the invention according to claim 3 , geothermal heat, which is natural energy, is used as an external heat source.
Therefore, the external heat source can be obtained at a low cost, and the economy can be improved.
[0021]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
Figure 1 is a schematic diagram showing a real施例refrigeration system according to the present invention, ammonia is the refrigerant, ammonia was water and absorbent - the regenerator 1 aqueous solution is accommodated, as external heat source A heating pipe 4 connected to the solar heat collector 2 and having a hot water pump 3 interposed therethrough is configured to evaporate and separate ammonia vapor by heating using solar heat.
[0022]
A condenser 5 is connected to the regenerator 1 so that ammonia vapor evaporated and separated by the regenerator 1 is introduced to be condensed and liquefied. The regenerator 1 is provided with a rectifier that separates ammonia vapor and water. The rectifier is regarded as a part of the regenerator 1 and is referred to as a regenerator 1.
[0023]
An evaporator 6 and an absorber 7 are provided at positions apart from the regenerator 1 and the condenser 5, such as refrigerators and cold storage devices such as grocery departments in supermarkets and department stores, and convenience stores. ing.
[0024]
An absorber 7 is connected to the regenerator 1 via a first pipe 6 and is configured to absorb ammonia vapor in an ammonia dilute aqueous solution having a low ammonia concentration after evaporation of the refrigerant.
An evaporator 10 is connected to the condenser 5 via a second pipe 9 having a first expansion valve 8 interposed therebetween, and the refrigerant liquid supplied from the condenser 5 is evaporated.
Further, the bottom of the absorber 7 and the regenerator 1 are connected via a third pipe 12 having a first on-off valve 11, and the aqueous ammonia solution that has absorbed ammonia vapor is returned to the absorber 7. Has been.
[0025]
A heat exchanger 13 is provided in the middle of the second pipe 9, and a steam suction pipe 15 is provided to connect the evaporator 10 and the compressor 14 so that heat can be exchanged by the heat exchanger 13. The absorber 7 is connected via a fourth pipe 16 so that the refrigerant in the evaporator 10 is sucked and supplied to the absorber 7 under pressure.
[0026]
The middle portion of the third pipe 12 and the evaporator 10 are connected via a refrigeration circuit pipe 19 having a second on-off valve 17 and a second expansion valve 18 interposed therebetween, and the absorber 7 is connected to the condenser. The compressor 14, the absorber 7, and the evaporator 10 constitute a refrigeration circuit.
[0027]
The evaporator 10 is provided with a refrigeration medium take-out pipe 20 for taking out a refrigeration medium such as cold water or brine as cold heat take-out means, and this refrigeration medium take-out pipe 20 is used as a heat source for cooling the air conditioner, a supermarket or a convenience store. Introduced as a heat source for refrigeration and freezing in grocery departments such as department stores. As a cold heat extraction means for extracting cold heat for cooling or refrigeration / freezing, a heat exchange duct for introducing cold air into the evaporator 10 may be provided to directly obtain the cold air. In the figure, reference numeral 21 denotes a cooling water pipe for flowing cooling water from the cooling tower.
[0028]
A temperature sensor 22 for measuring the temperature of the refrigeration medium is provided at the return pipe portion of the refrigeration medium take-out pipe 20, and the temperature sensor 22 is connected to the first controller 23, and the first controller 23 is The electric motor 24 of the compressor 14 is connected to the inverter circuit 25.
[0029]
The first controller 23 compares the temperature of the refrigeration medium measured by the temperature sensor 22 with the set temperature. When the measured temperature is lower than the set temperature, the rotation speed of the compressor 14 is decreased, while the measured temperature Is higher than the set temperature, the rotational speed of the compressor 14 is increased to keep the temperature of the refrigeration medium returned to the evaporator 10 constant.
[0030]
The condenser 5 is provided with a liquid level sensor 26 for detecting a liquid level of a predetermined level of the refrigerant liquid. The liquid level sensor 26 is connected to a second controller 27 as a refrigeration control means. The first and second on-off valves 11 and 17 are connected.
[0031]
When the liquid level measured by the liquid level sensor 26 exceeds the set level, the second controller 27 outputs an open signal to the first on-off valve 11 and a close signal to the second on-off valve 17. On the other hand, when the liquid level measured by the liquid level sensor 26 is lower than the set level, a closing signal is output to the first on-off valve 11 and an opening signal is output to the second on-off valve 17, respectively. It has become.
[0032]
That is, based on the amount of heat input from the solar heat collector 2, when a predetermined amount or more of solar heat is secured, the refrigerant evaporates more than a predetermined amount in the regenerator 1, so that the amount of condensation and liquefaction in the condenser 5 decreases. In this state, the refrigerant liquid accumulates above the set level, and in this state, the cold heat is taken out by the action of the absorption refrigerator.
[0033]
On the other hand, when the solar heat is weak due to rain or the like, the amount of refrigerant that evaporates in the regenerator 1 decreases, and accordingly, the amount that condensates and liquefies in the condenser 5 decreases, and the amount of refrigerant liquid does not reach the set level. In this state, the absorber 7 acts as a condenser, and the refrigerant is forcibly circulated in the refrigeration circuit with the compressor 14 → the absorber 7 → the second expansion valve 18 → the evaporator 10 → the compressor 14, Take out. When switching to the state of forced circulation in this refrigeration circuit, the water as the absorbent in the absorber 7 is removed by supplying it to the regenerator 1 and thereafter the operation by the refrigeration circuit is performed.
[0034]
With the above configuration, it is possible to take out cold heat in a stable state regardless of fluctuations in the amount of heat input from the solar heat collector 2.
[0035]
[0036]
[0037]
[0038]
[0039]
[0040]
[0041]
[0042]
[0043]
[0044]
In the above SL embodiment, the variation of the heat input from the solar heat collector 2, but so as to detect the amount of the refrigerant liquid accumulating in the condenser 5, to measure the temperature of hot water flowing through the heating pipe 4 Various modifications are possible, such as.
Further, geothermal heat may be collected instead of solar heat or in combination.
[0045]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the configuration of the refrigeration system of the invention according to claim 1, when using an external heat source such as solar heat where the heat input amount varies, when the heat input amount of the external heat source is equal to or greater than a predetermined amount, Refrigerant is evaporated and separated by a regenerator by heating an external heat source, the evaporated and separated refrigerant is introduced into a condenser to be condensed and liquefied, and the refrigerant liquid is placed in an evaporator provided at a position away from the regenerator and the condenser. Feed and evaporate. In the evaporator, the refrigerant is sucked by the compressor and pressurized and supplied to the absorber so that the absorbent in the absorber absorbs the refrigerant, promotes the evaporation of the refrigerant in the evaporator, and the cooling heat extraction means is generated by the latent heat of evaporation. The cold heat can be taken out.
On the other hand, when the amount of heat input from the external heat source is not more than a predetermined amount, the absorber is operated as a condenser through the refrigeration pipe interposing the expansion valve by the refrigeration control means, and the absorber, expansion valve, evaporator, compression Because it is possible to forcibly circulate the refrigerant in the refrigeration circuit composed of the machine and take out the cold heat with the cold heat take-out means, the specified cold heat can be taken out at a low cost without providing a large heat storage tank or auxiliary heat source Can do.
Moreover, since the refrigerant liquid is supplied to the evaporator provided at a position away from the regenerator and the condenser to evaporate and the cold heat is taken out by the latent heat of evaporation, the regenerator can be installed at a position where an external heat source can be easily used. The evaporator can be installed at a convenient location for using cold heat and is extremely useful in practice.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a first embodiment of a refrigeration system according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a conventional refrigeration system.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 ... Regenerator
2 ... Solar collector
5 ... Condenser
7 ... Absorber
9. Second pipe (refrigerant transfer pipe)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Evaporator 14 ... Compressor 18 ... 2nd expansion valve 19 ... Piping for freezing circuits 20 ... Refrigerant medium taking-out pipe (cold-heat taking-out means)
27 ... Second controller (refrigeration control means)
33 ... refrigerant storage container

Claims (3)

A regenerator containing the refrigerant-absorbent and evaporating and separating the refrigerant by heating an external heat source;
A condenser connected to the regenerator and introducing a refrigerant evaporated and separated from an absorbent in the regenerator to condense and liquefy;
An absorber that is provided apart from the regenerator and the condenser and that is connected to the regenerator and absorbs the refrigerant into the absorbent after evaporation of the refrigerant supplied from the regenerator and returns the refrigerant to the regenerator;
An evaporator provided apart from the regenerator and the condenser and connected to the condenser and the absorber to evaporate a refrigerant liquid from the condenser;
A compressor that sucks the refrigerant in the evaporator and pressurizes and supplies it to the absorber;
A cold heat extracting means attached to the evaporator to extract the cold heat obtained by the evaporator;
A piping for a refrigeration circuit that is connected across the absorber and the evaporator and has an expansion valve interposed therein, and that constitutes a refrigeration circuit with the compressor, the absorber, and the evaporator;
Refrigeration control means for forcibly circulating refrigerant in the refrigeration circuit using the absorber as a condenser based on the amount of heat input from the external heat source;
A refrigeration system comprising: The refrigeration system of claim 1,
A refrigeration system in which the external heat source is solar heat . The refrigeration system according to claim 1 or 2,
A refrigeration system where the external heat source is geothermal .

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