US20120017621A1 - Cooling method and apparatus - Google Patents
Cooling method and apparatus Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20120017621A1 US20120017621A1 US13/132,719 US200913132719A US2012017621A1 US 20120017621 A1 US20120017621 A1 US 20120017621A1 US 200913132719 A US200913132719 A US 200913132719A US 2012017621 A1 US2012017621 A1 US 2012017621A1
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- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- ammonia
- vapour
- generator
- evaporator
- liquid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B15/00—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type
- F25B15/10—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type with inert gas
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B15/00—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type
- F25B15/02—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type without inert gas
- F25B15/04—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating continuously, e.g. absorption type without inert gas the refrigerant being ammonia evaporated from aqueous solution
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B17/00—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating intermittently, e.g. absorption or adsorption type
- F25B17/02—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating intermittently, e.g. absorption or adsorption type the absorbent or adsorbent being a liquid, e.g. brine
- F25B17/04—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating intermittently, e.g. absorption or adsorption type the absorbent or adsorbent being a liquid, e.g. brine with two or more boilers operating alternately
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B27/00—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy
- F25B27/002—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy using solar energy
- F25B27/007—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy using solar energy in sorption type systems
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B39/00—Evaporators; Condensers
- F25B39/02—Evaporators
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/27—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/62—Absorption based systems
Abstract
Description
- This invention relates to a cooling method and apparatus and in particular to a cooling method and apparatus which uses an external heat input. The present invention in a particular aspect relates to cooling apparatus which can function as an air conditioner. The following description is primarily directed to cooling apparatus, particularly air conditioners, for which the heat input is derived from solar energy however it will be appreciated that the apparatus of the present invention has other cooling applications and may be powered by other external heat sources including an ambient heat source.
- In a conventional refrigeration cycle, a compressor is used to compress and thereby increase the pressure of a refrigerant gas. The high pressure refrigerant gas is then condensed in a condenser back into a liquid refrigerant with the assistance of a coolant usually air which is passed over the coils of the condenser. This release heat from the refrigerant gas flowing through the condenser and causes the high pressure gas to be condensed back into a liquid by heat exchange. The high pressure liquid refrigerant then passes through an expansion valve in which it will drop to a low pressure and cool and then passes into an evaporator in which it evaporates and absorbs heat as it changes from a liquid to a vapour thereby reducing the temperature of air flowing over the evaporator. This form of refrigeration cycle is commonly used in air conditioners.
- In an absorption refrigeration cycle, a different method is used for cooling that requires no moving parts and is powered only by heat. The ammonia absorption cycle was one of the first methods employed for the production of refrigeration. The original systems were installed in the early 1800's whilst a more advanced ammonia absorption system was invented by Ferdinand Carre, Paris. France in 1850. His original invention consisted of a direct fired generator, a condenser, an evaporator, an absorber, and an aqua-ammonia pump, all of which with many subsequent improvements remain the principle parts of an ammonia absorption system. The original ammonia absorption system was very inefficient and it was impossible to obtain ammonia liquid for use in such a system at above 90% purity. Consequently, the system was difficult to operate as excess water collected in the evaporator, raising the evaporation temperature. At that time however, reciprocating machines had not been developed to the point where they could approach the compression ratios required for low temperature applications in the conventional refrigeration cycle and thus the ammonia absorption cycle was used in the refrigeration industry despite its disadvantages. As reciprocating compressors were improved, the ammonia absorption system passed into obsolescence.
- In the middle thirties, improved ammonia absorption systems were installed which would operate on waste steam, waste heat, or by direct firing with natural gas or other gases. These systems employed a bubble column design and spray type absorbers and provided ammonia at 99.96% purity for refrigeration duty. This advance in technology which provided the high purity (commercial grade) ammonia overcame the major operating problems of the early systems.
- There are a number of solar powered air conditioners or refrigerators which are known or which have been proposed. Some of those air conditioners or refrigerators operate on an absorption cycle with heat from solar collectors being as a heat source in the absorption cycle. Although the majority of absorption cycles are based on a water/lithium bromide cycle, many applications exist where an ammonia/water cycle can be used, especially where lower temperatures are desirable. Since the refrigerant (such as ammonia) is ultimately absorbed at one point in the cycle a solar powered refrigerator is known as an absorption refrigerator. In both the water/lithium bromide cycle and ammonia/water cycle, water is used as working fluid, but in quite different ways: as a solvent for the ammonia-system, and as refrigerant for the lithium bromide system.
- Current solar air conditioners and refrigerators of the above type have not proved particularly effective. It is therefore an object of the invention to provided an improved cooling method and apparatus which operates on an absorption cycle and which address the disadvantages of the prior art or which at least provided an effective alternative thereto. The present invention in a particular aspect aims to provide cooling apparatus of the above type which is embodied in an air conditioner which can be operated by solar energy input.
- The present invention provides in one preferred aspect although not necessarily the broadest aspect, cooling apparatus of the type which operates on an absorption cycle using ammonia as the refrigerant, said apparatus including a generator for supplying ammonia gas or vapour, a condenser for condensing the ammonia gas or vapour into a liquid ammonia solution, an evaporator in which liquid ammonia is evaporated into ammonia gas or vapour which thereby absorbs heat and an absorber for absorbing said ammonia gas or vapour into an ammonia solution and wherein said evaporator includes means for retaining a portion of said liquid ammonia received from said condenser for return and recycling through said apparatus.
- The means for retaining a portion of the liquid ammonia suitably comprises a reservoir in said evaporator. Most suitably, the reservoir comprises a recess, bulb or indent at an end of the evaporator in which liquid ammonia can collect. The reservoir suitably is provided at an end of the evaporator remote from an inlet thereto. Preferably a return line or pipe connects the reservoir to the condenser. Preferably the return line or pipe is adapted to return ammonia collecting in the reservoir to the condenser inlet. Suitably the return pipe or line is exposed to ambient heat such that the ammonia liquid flowing in the return pipe or line is vapourised before returning to the condenser where it condenses in the condenser for subsequent passage to the evaporator. Preferably the return pipe is in heat exchange contact with the evaporator. Ammonia collecting in the reservoir for recycling suitably comprises only a small proportion of the ammonia in the apparatus.
- Typically the cooling apparatus is embodied in air conditioning apparatus and means, such as one or more fans, are provided to cause air to circulate over the evaporator.
- Preferably the generator of the apparatus is heated by solar energy and for this purpose the apparatus is associated with a solar energy collector of any form. Preferably a heat exchanger is associated with the generator to transfer heat generated by solar energy to the generator. The generator however may additionally include other heating means such as a gas flame or electric heater.
- The apparatus may also include an additional generator arranged in parallel with the abovementioned generator and an auxiliary heating source such as an electric element or gas flame may be used to heat the additional generator for creating an ammonia vapour from an ammonia water solution in the generator for passage to the condenser.
- In a further aspect, the present invention provides a method of cooling comprising the steps of
- converting a liquid ammonia solution into ammonia gas or vapour;
- condensing said ammonia gas or vapour into a condensed ammonia solution;
- evaporating said condensed ammonia solution to convert said liquid into ammonia gas of vapour and thereby absorb heat;
- retaining a portion of condensed ammonia liquid in said evaporation step for reconversion into ammonia gas or vapour; and
- absorbing said ammonia gas from said evaporator to convert said ammonia gas or vapour into a liquid ammonia solution for subsequent conversion into said ammonia gas or vapour.
- Suitably the liquid ammonia solution is converted into ammonia gas or vapour by a solar heat source or other heat source.
- Preferably the retained liquid is converted into ammonia gas or vapour under the influence of ambient heat.
- In another aspect, the present invention provides cooling apparatus of the type which operates on an absorption cycle using ammonia as the refrigerant, said apparatus including at least a first generator for supplying ammonia gas or vapour, a condenser for condensing the ammonia gas or vapour into a liquid ammonia solution, an evaporator in which liquid ammonia is evaporated into ammonia gas or vapour and absorbs heats heat and an absorber for absorbing said ammonia gas or vapour from said evaporator and wherein said first generator is heated directly or indirectly by a solar energy collector.
- Suitably the first generator or another generator arranged in parallel to the first generator is adapted to be heated selectively by a further heat source such as a gas powered heat source or electrically powered heat source.
- Reference will now be made to the accompanying drawings which illustrate preferred embodiments of the invention and which enable the invention to be more readily understood and put into practical effect. The embodiments have been described in relation to cooling apparatus which is embodied in an air conditioner for which the heat source is provided by solar energy. It will be appreciated however that the invention may be applied to other cooling applications and using other heat sources including ambient heat. In the drawings:—
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FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a first embodiment of cooling apparatus using an absorption cycle according to the present invention; -
FIG. 2 illustrates in side view a further embodiment of cooling apparatus according to the present invention embodied in an air conditioner; -
FIGS. 3 and 4 are side and top views of the apparatus ofFIG. 2 ; and -
FIGS. 5 and 6 illustrate in side and top views, alternative cooling apparatus according to the present invention - Referring to the drawings and firstly to
FIG. 1 , there is illustrated in block diagram form air conditioning orair chilling apparatus 10 according to the present invention which uses an absorption refrigeration cycle with ammonia as the refrigerant and water as the absorbent. Theapparatus 10 includes a heat source such as asolar collector 11 that provides heat to agenerator 12 for the purposes of generating ammonia gas, thegenerator 12 comprising ametal tank 13 with one section having a series ofcoils 14 therein though which steam generator by thesolar collector 11 may pass. Steam may be created from water in a water jacket which communicates with thecoils 14, the water being heated by thesolar energy collector 11 to create steam. In the absence of sufficient solar energy, an additional heat source may be used such as a gas flame, or an electrical coil for the creation of steam. - A strong ammonia-water mixture is contained within the
generator tank 13 and the heat from steam in the heated jacket or coils 14 which is at a temperature of up to 423K or 150° C. causes the ammonia-water mixture in thetank 13 to boil. As a result of the boiling, the strong mixture gives off ammonia vapor which leaves thegenerator 13 containing a very small percentage of warm water. - The boiling strong liquid travels up a
percolator pipe 15 and into aseparator tank 16, where the liquid is separated into hot liquid (water) and hot gas (ammonia) phases. The hot ammonia gas then continues up afractionator column 17 separating further with concentrated hot ammonia vapour leaving thefractionator column 17 into acondenser 18. As the ammonia vapour leaving thefractionator column 17 is not highly superheated, thecondenser 18 can operate efficiently at 306K or +35° C. - As the ammonia gas is cooled in the
condenser 18, water vapour is condensed out to remove the water vapor. The water vapor condenses and flows or drips back into theseparator tank 16, exiting along an inverted enlarged “T”pipe 19 with the ammonia gas continuing along thecondenser 17 where it cools and changes phase to liquefy into almost pure liquid ammonia. At the bottom of thecondenser 17, liquid ammonia flows down into anevaporator 20. - This anhydrous ammonia (water free ammonia) passing into the
evaporator 18 will evaporate in the presence of hydrogen or helium gas equalizing the pressure between thecondenser 18 andevaporator 19. As the ammonia vaporises, it absorbs heat in the evaporator causing theevaporator 18 to be chilled toward −70° C. Therefrigerated evaporator 18 surface then chills the surrounding air (or a glycol solution). Afan 21 may be provided adjacent theevaporator 19 to blow chilled air into a surrounding space for air conditioning purposes. - A portion of the now heavy mixture passes using gravity into the top of a
jacket heat exchanger 22 with warmer ammonia gas returning vertically to be cooled in a second smaller condenser (not shown) where it also cools and returns to theevaporator 20. - A thermo siphon 23 draws off the liquid from the
separator tank 16 and discharges it to the base of theheat exchange jacket 22, where it combines with ammonia and hydrogen or helium gas from the evaporator. This solution then passes through anabsorber 22, theabsorber 22 removing the remaining heat with the assistance of theheat exchanger 20 andfan 25 with the cooled ammonia being dissolved and re absorbed with water. The combined solution collects in anabsorber vessel 26 at the base of theabsorber 24 in which the condensed water returning through thecenter pipe 27 of thejacket heat exchanger 10 is combined with the ammonia solution from theabsorber 22. The combined solution then passes viapipe 25 into thegenerator 13 where the cycle begins again. - The system maintains a thermal balance with total heat input balancing with the total heat rejected to provide a simple check on the
apparatus 10. - Referring now to
FIGS. 2 to 4 , there is illustrated, air conditioning or coolingapparatus 30 according to a practical embodiment of the present invention. Theapparatus 30 includes a gas/vapour generator 31 which is heated through a heat exchanger in the form of anexternal coil 32 which surrounds thegenerator 31, thecoil 32 containing steam which is created by, asolar collector 33 of any form but which in this embodiment comprises a fiat plate solar collector. Theapparatus 30 may further include anadditional gas generator 34 which is similar to thegenerator 31 and which is arranged in parallel with thegenerator 34. Thegenerator 34 in this case may be heated by an auxiliary heat source such as gas flame or electric element where for example there is insufficient collection of solar energy. Alternatively or additionally, thegenerator 34 may be heated by ambient air. Thegenerators inlet line 35 to acondenser 36 which is provided withfins 37 for efficient dissipation of heat. - As in the embodiment of
FIG. 1 a strong ammonia/water solution in thegenerator 31 and/orgenerator 34 is heated by the solar energy provided by thecollector 33 or by other heat source to cause the solution to boil and release ammonia gas or vapor which leaves the generator's 31 and/or 34 to pass into thecondenser 36 in which the ammonia gas or vapour is cooled. The ammonia gas or vapour passes along thecondenser 36 where it cools with the temperature of the condenser decreasing with the ammonia gas or vapour liquefying by changing phase into almost pure liquid ammonia. - The
condenser 36 has an outlet connected byoutlet pipe 38 to anevaporator 39. The anhydrous ammonia from thecondenser 36 flows into theevaporator 39 and passes through theevaporator 39 chilling the evaporator 39 as it evaporates. Theevaporator 39 includes an enlarged ammonia reservoir or recess at its free end which is the form of anenlarged bulb 40. A return tube orpipe 41 passes along theevaporator 39 to be exposed to ambient air and connects thebulb 40 to theinlet 35 to thecondenser 36. - The ammonia vaporises as it warms and mixes with hydrogen or helium gas in the
evaporator 39, and as the ammonia vaporises it absorbs the heat in the evaporator 98 and passes through a heat exchanger 42 and into anabsorber 43 comprise a series of coils. A furthersmall pipe 44 also connects the outlet of thecondenser 36 to theabsorber 43 towards the outlet end thereof. Ammonia gas or vapour from theevaporator 39 recombines with water and weak ammonia solution supplied throughpipe 45 in theabsorber 43 to form a strong ammonia water solution which collects in anabsorber vessel 46 connected to the outlet of theabsorber 43 for resupply to the generator/s 31 and/or 34 via supply pipe 47 to continue the cooling or refrigeration cycle. - Some of the ammonia is removed from the cycle by being collected as almost pure ammonia in the recess or
bulb 40 and instead of passing to theabsorber 43, it passed into thereturn pipe 41 where it is heated by the ambient heat of the building or room in which theapparatus 30 is located (or by a glycol solution (see below). As this ammonia turns to a vapour due to the ambient heat on theevaporator 39, a portion of ammonia vapour moves along thepipe 41 partially cooling and this cooled transition stage ammonia returns to theinlet 35 of thecondenser 36. As the ammonia cools in thepipe 41, drops of ammonia form which cause a partial vacuum in thepipe 41 which draws more vapour into thepipe 41. The ammonia vapour on flowing into thecondenser 36 via theinlet 35 continues to cool through thecondenser 36 and eventually becomes liquid ammonia. The returned ammonia thus liquefied then returns to theevaporator 39 via thepipe 38 with any other liquid ammonia condensing in thecondenser 36. Thus the inclusion of the small bulb orrecess 40 at the start of theevaporator 39 allows theevaporator 39 to retain some pure ammonia to continue the additional cycle - The
apparatus 30 can refrigerate a glycol solution to transfer the refrigeration effect to other devices, is able to reverse cycle, or is able to refrigerate ambient air. The device can chill down to −70 deg C. for a comparable use of energy as other equipment. With the addition of the ambient heat cycle, the equipment can provide additional refrigeration effect using only ambient heat. The apparatus may have an electric auxiliary heater of 65 w (any voltage), or can also be directly powered from a small gas powered heat source for example associated with thegenerator 34. Theapparatus 30 does not require a fan however split units that use the refrigerated glycol can use electricity to drive a fan and a pump. The use of solar hot water to heat the ammonia solution in combination with the effect of ambient heat on the ammonia retained in theevaporator bulb 40 when returning to the condenser will enhance the refrigeration effect. - Referring now to
FIGS. 5 and 6 , there is illustrated a further embodiment of coolingapparatus 50 in which like components to the components of the apparatus ofFIGS. 2 to 4 have been given like numerals but marked with a prime “′”. Theapparatus 50 includes one or more gas orvapour generators 31′, 34′ in which liquid ammonia is heated such as by solar heat energy and converted into a gas or vapour and which passes tocondenser 36′. Ambient air passing over the fins of thecondenser 36′ causes the ammonia gas or vapour to condense into liquid ammonia which flows to theevaporator 39′. Some liquid ammonia is retained in recess orbulb 40′ at the end of the evaporator 39′. The liquid ammonia in the presence of hydrogen or helium evaporates causing absorption of heat and therefore cooling of the space surrounding theevaporator 39′. A fan (not shown) blowing air over the evaporator 39′ can cause cooling of a room space for air conditioning purposes. The ammonia retained in the recess orbulb 40′ is returned to the condenser throughline 41′ (shown in dotted outline) for recycling through theapparatus 50. - The ammonia (and hydrogen or helium) vapour passes into the
absorber 43′ and the ammonia is absorbed into ammonia solution fed to the upper end of theabsorber 43′ from tube 49 which is connected to the liquidammonia supply line 46′ to thegenerator 31′,34′. The hydrogen or helium gas is released when the ammonia is absorber to returns to theevaporator 39′. The strong ammonia solution then collects in thevessel 45′ to again pass into thegenerator 31′, 34′ to recommence the cycle. - In each of the above embodiments, no pump is normally required as liquid flows through the apparatus under the influence of gravity. A pump however may be required in a split system a referred to above.
- The cooling apparatus described above is suitable for application as an air conditioner in homes, offices, small buildings, shopping centers, factories, motor homes, trains, buses, and coaches in which case a suitable fan or the like is provided to circulate air over the cooling evaporator.
- Most apparatus can also be supplied as 2-way powered or 3-way powered system such as solar and gas, solar and diesel, solar and electricity, gas, diesel or electricity being a booster for overcast days. Most apparatus use the ambient heat of the building to additionally boost the efficiency of the cooling with ambient heat coming from sunlight, people, lights and electronic equipment. Waste heat from petrol or diesel motors can be used with solar collectors. This makes the technologies portability very convenient for remote and mobile applications. The system can operate automatically from 0% to 100% load with minimal loss of efficiency. As the load requirement is reduced there is a corresponding linear reduction in the consumption of heat.
- The surplus hot water from the
solar collector 33 can replace or supplement an existing hot water supply to a building as 30% of the energy bill is usually proportional to cooling a building, with another 30%, to provide the hot water for the building. With the apparatus of the invention, energy costs for air conditioning and supply of hot water is substantially reduced or eliminated. - The reference to prior art herein is not to be taken as acknowledgement that such prior art constitutes common general knowledge in the art.
- The terms “comprising” or “comprises” as used throughout the specification and claims are taken to specify the presence of the stated features, integers and components referred to but not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other feature/s, integer/s, components or group thereof.
- Whilst the above has been given by way of illustrative embodiment of the invention, all such variations and modifications thereto as would be apparent to persons skilled in the art are deemed to fall within the broad scope and ambit of the invention as herein defined in the appended claims.
Claims (20)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU2008906214A AU2008906214A0 (en) | 2008-12-03 | Cooling apparatus | |
AU2008906214 | 2008-12-03 | ||
PCT/AU2009/001577 WO2010063074A1 (en) | 2008-12-03 | 2009-12-03 | Cooling method and apparatus |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20120017621A1 true US20120017621A1 (en) | 2012-01-26 |
Family
ID=42232819
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US13/132,719 Abandoned US20120017621A1 (en) | 2008-12-03 | 2009-12-03 | Cooling method and apparatus |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20120017621A1 (en) |
EP (1) | EP2370753A1 (en) |
JP (1) | JP2012510601A (en) |
KR (1) | KR20110103999A (en) |
CN (1) | CN102239371A (en) |
AU (1) | AU2009322086A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2010063074A1 (en) |
ZA (1) | ZA201104883B (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US20160195313A1 (en) * | 2013-09-12 | 2016-07-07 | Solar Snow Corporation | Solar cooling system |
CN114320505A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-04-12 | 华中科技大学 | Ammonia-doped power plant indirect air cooling system and control method thereof |
CN116907119A (en) * | 2023-07-12 | 2023-10-20 | 中国科学院高能物理研究所 | Superconductive accelerator waste heat recycling platform |
CN116961570A (en) * | 2023-07-21 | 2023-10-27 | 大唐环境产业集团股份有限公司 | Photovoltaic efficiency improving system utilizing liquid ammonia evaporation residual cooling |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
TWI403683B (en) * | 2011-01-11 | 2013-08-01 | Univ Nat Pingtung Sci & Tech | A generator |
CN102207344A (en) * | 2011-03-17 | 2011-10-05 | 王珏 | Bimirror focusing solar refrigeration device |
US20160252285A1 (en) * | 2013-10-06 | 2016-09-01 | Tranquility Group Pty Ltd | System and apparatus for electronic control of an absorption refrigeration system |
CN106414125A (en) * | 2014-06-12 | 2017-02-15 | 好莱坞塔克斯有限公司 | Solar-thermal powered recreational vehicle |
RU2652702C2 (en) * | 2016-10-19 | 2018-04-28 | Игорь Ву-Юнович Ван | Sub-atmospheric system of heat and cold supply |
DK3540334T3 (en) * | 2018-03-15 | 2022-01-03 | Ago Gmbh Energie Anlagen | HEAT TRANSFORMER AND HEAT TRANSFORMATION PROCESS |
CN108917227A (en) * | 2018-05-11 | 2018-11-30 | 上海汽车集团股份有限公司 | The recycling refrigerating plant and method of engine exhaust heat |
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US2221971A (en) * | 1937-06-23 | 1940-11-19 | Haywood Carl | Solar-absorption cooling system for building structures |
US3242679A (en) * | 1964-04-07 | 1966-03-29 | Edward G Fisher | Solar refrigeration unit |
US3516264A (en) * | 1967-05-26 | 1970-06-23 | Hans Stierlin | Absorption refrigeration system and method for its operation |
US4007776A (en) * | 1974-12-23 | 1977-02-15 | Universal Oil Products Company | Heating and cooling system utilizing solar energy |
US4010620A (en) * | 1975-10-08 | 1977-03-08 | The University Of Delaware | Cooling system |
US4015962A (en) * | 1974-12-20 | 1977-04-05 | Xenco Ltd. | Temperature control system utilizing naturally occurring energy sources |
US4031712A (en) * | 1975-12-04 | 1977-06-28 | The University Of Delaware | Combined absorption and vapor-compression refrigeration system |
US4171619A (en) * | 1978-03-16 | 1979-10-23 | Clark Silas W | Compressor assisted absorption refrigeration system |
US4707996A (en) * | 1983-09-29 | 1987-11-24 | Vobach Arnold R | Chemically assisted mechanical refrigeration process |
US5673566A (en) * | 1993-01-27 | 1997-10-07 | The University Of Sheffield | Absorption refrigerators |
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JPH11148742A (en) * | 1997-11-17 | 1999-06-02 | Osaka Gas Co Ltd | Ammonium absorption refrigerating machine |
JPH11201575A (en) * | 1998-01-08 | 1999-07-30 | Osaka Gas Co Ltd | Ammonium absorption refrigerating machine |
JP2000146350A (en) * | 1998-11-06 | 2000-05-26 | Osaka Gas Co Ltd | Ammonia absorption refrigerator |
JP2004125273A (en) * | 2002-10-02 | 2004-04-22 | Osaka Gas Co Ltd | Absorption refrigerator |
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2009
- 2009-12-03 JP JP2011538798A patent/JP2012510601A/en active Pending
- 2009-12-03 CN CN2009801486870A patent/CN102239371A/en active Pending
- 2009-12-03 EP EP09829889A patent/EP2370753A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2009-12-03 US US13/132,719 patent/US20120017621A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2009-12-03 AU AU2009322086A patent/AU2009322086A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2009-12-03 WO PCT/AU2009/001577 patent/WO2010063074A1/en active Application Filing
- 2009-12-03 KR KR1020117015438A patent/KR20110103999A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
-
2011
- 2011-07-01 ZA ZA2011/04883A patent/ZA201104883B/en unknown
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Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20160195313A1 (en) * | 2013-09-12 | 2016-07-07 | Solar Snow Corporation | Solar cooling system |
US10712056B2 (en) * | 2013-09-12 | 2020-07-14 | Solar Snow Corporation | Solar cooling system |
CN114320505A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-04-12 | 华中科技大学 | Ammonia-doped power plant indirect air cooling system and control method thereof |
CN116907119A (en) * | 2023-07-12 | 2023-10-20 | 中国科学院高能物理研究所 | Superconductive accelerator waste heat recycling platform |
CN116961570A (en) * | 2023-07-21 | 2023-10-27 | 大唐环境产业集团股份有限公司 | Photovoltaic efficiency improving system utilizing liquid ammonia evaporation residual cooling |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
KR20110103999A (en) | 2011-09-21 |
JP2012510601A (en) | 2012-05-10 |
EP2370753A1 (en) | 2011-10-05 |
CN102239371A (en) | 2011-11-09 |
WO2010063074A1 (en) | 2010-06-10 |
AU2009322086A1 (en) | 2011-07-21 |
ZA201104883B (en) | 2012-05-25 |
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