JP2009115387A - Water refrigerant heater and water refrigerant water heater using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a heater for a heat pump type non-freon refrigerating machine. <P>SOLUTION: In this heat pump type non-freon refrigerating machine including an evaporator 11 for obtaining saturated dry steam by evaporating the water refrigerant 19 under a low pressure by surrounding heat, a Roots compressor 12 creating superheated steam of high temperature and high pressure by adiabatically compressing the saturated dry steam, a condenser 13 for heating the cooling liquid by cooling the superheated steam, and a return pipe conduit 14 for returning the supercooled liquid (water refrigerant) 20 obtained by condensing the superheated steam by the condenser 13, to the evaporator 11, and using the water as a refrigerant, the evaporator 11 is connected with a hot water drainage tank 5 through a heat exchanger 25 to be used in recovering exhaust heat of pool drainage and shower drainage, and the condenser 13 is connected with a pool 3 through a heat exchanger 21 to heat the stored water 4 of the pool 3. Thus the heater 1 can be provided while taking advantage of the water refrigerant. The pool of small temperature difference between the supplied water and drained water is proper for the water refrigerant heater 1. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a novel water refrigerant heater using water as a refrigerant and a water refrigerant water heater using the same.

In equipment that performs heat pump operations, such as refrigerators and air conditioners, the refrigerant moves from CFCs to CFC substitutes in response to the destruction of the ozone layer, and from the response to global warming, natural refrigerants, especially safe water. It is being switched for some purposes. A conventional technique using the water as a refrigerant is disclosed in Patent Document 1, for example. According to the prior art of Patent Document 1, in a low-pressure evaporator, saturated dry steam obtained by absorbing and evaporating ambient heat to a water refrigerant as a heat source liquid is adiabatically compressed by a compressor. The high-temperature and high-pressure superheated steam is generated in the condenser, the superheated steam is cooled in the condenser to dissipate heat to the coolant, and the high-pressure supercooled liquid obtained by condensation is passed through the expansion valve so that the wet steam There has been proposed a refrigeration system which is cooled by the evaporator by converting it into the above and returning it to the evaporator again as a liquid. And in patent document 1, the refrigerant | coolant is the water which a density hardly changes with temperature, and it produces | generates the differential pressure | voltage of an evaporator and a condenser by the difference in the height of both position heads. It is shown that the expansion valve is unnecessary, and control and maintenance are simplified.
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2006-97989

  The above-described conventional techniques are only used for cooling and freezing. On the other hand, based on the knowledge of the present inventors, it has been clarified that the advantages of the water refrigerant can also be utilized for heating.

  The objective of this invention is providing the water refrigerant heater which can implement | achieve a heater, utilizing the advantage of a water refrigerant, and a water refrigerant water heater using the same.

  The water refrigerant heater of the present invention includes a heat exchanger for recovering exhaust heat, an evaporator for placing water refrigerant as a heat source liquid under a low pressure, and evaporating with heat from the heat exchanger, and from the evaporator A compressor that adiabatically compresses water vapor, a high-temperature and high-pressure water vapor from the compressor is condensed by cooling with a cooling liquid, a condenser that heats the cooling liquid, and a cooling liquid heated by the condenser It includes a load device that introduces and heats an object to be heated, and a return line that returns water condensed in the condenser to the evaporator again.

  According to said structure, the evaporator which obtains saturated dry vapor | steam by evaporating the water refrigerant under low pressure with ambient heat, and the compressor which produces | generates high temperature high pressure superheated steam by adiabatically compressing the said saturated dry vapor | steam And a condenser that heats the coolant by cooling the superheated steam, and a return line that returns the supercooled liquid obtained by condensing the superheated steam in the condenser to the bottom of the evaporator again. In the heat pump type non-Freon refrigerator using water as a refrigerant, the load device is conventionally connected to an evaporator and used for cooling and freezing. In the present invention, in the evaporator, exhaust heat recovery is performed. A heat exchanger is connected to evaporate the water refrigerant as a heat source liquid by heat from the heat exchanger, and the load device is connected to the condenser, and the load device uses the coolant to be heated. Heat.

  Therefore, a heater can be realized while taking advantage of the water refrigerant. Moreover, exhaust heat sources such as pool waste water and shower waste water are all passed through the heat exchanger for exhaust heat recovery so that exhaust heat recovery is possible, and even relatively low temperature waste water is effectively used. Energy saving effect can be obtained.

  In the water refrigerant heater of the present invention, the compressor is a Roots compressor.

  According to said structure, the said roots compressor is highly efficient and suitable when water is made into a refrigerant | coolant especially. In addition, since it is possible to reverse, the four-way valve is not required and a simple configuration can be obtained. When the temperature of the heating target is too high, cooling can be performed by reverse rotation.

  Furthermore, the water refrigerant heater according to the present invention further includes a bypass pipe that bypasses the compressor and a flow rate control valve.

  According to said structure, when the temperature of the heat source liquid by the side of the evaporator is high, like the heat pipe which sends the vapor | steam from an evaporator directly to a condenser via the said bypass line and a flow control valve By performing the operation, the cooling liquid on the condenser side can be heated as usual.

  Therefore, the compressor can be stopped or its rotation can be reduced, and energy saving can be achieved.

  The water refrigerant water heater of the present invention is characterized in that, in the water refrigerant heater, the cooling liquid of the condenser is water.

  According to said structure, it is non-fluorocarbon and can implement | achieve the highly efficient and simple water heater per heat pump.

  Furthermore, in the water-refrigerant water heater of the present invention, the heat exchanger supplies heat of the pool drainage to the heat source liquid, and supplies heat to the pool water from the cooling liquid in the condenser. .

  According to the above configuration, when the amount of pooled water is always constant and the drainage is replenished, for example, the temperature difference of the water to be replenished with respect to the water temperature of the hot water pool of 31 ° C., that is, the temperature of the drainage, The temperature difference is small, 10 ° C or less in summer and 20 ° C in winter.

  Therefore, the heat pump type water refrigerant water heater can be used with high efficiency, and the pool is very suitable for its use. Also, if the water temperature is 80 ° C. or higher, etc., carbon dioxide gas or the like can be used as the refrigerant. However, the water temperature of about 20 to 30 ° C. should use the water refrigerant water heater with high efficiency even from the temperature range. This is preferable.

  Moreover, the water refrigerant water heater of the present invention further includes a hot water drainage tank that stores shower drainage together with the pool drainage.

  According to said structure, while being able to collect | recover the waste heat of shower waste_water | drain whose temperature is 10 degreeC or more higher than pool waste_water | drain, by storing in a hot water drain tank, from the shower waste_water | drain which concentrates in a short time, Pool pool water can be heated gently for a long time.

  As described above, the water refrigerant heater of the present invention is an evaporator that obtains saturated dry steam by evaporating water refrigerant under low pressure by ambient heat, and a high temperature and high pressure by adiabatically compressing the saturated dry steam. A compressor that generates superheated steam; a condenser that heats the coolant by cooling the superheated steam; and a supercooled liquid that is obtained by condensing the superheated steam in the condenser, and the bottom of the evaporator again. In the heat pump type non-fluorocarbon refrigerator using water as a refrigerant, the load device is conventionally connected to an evaporator and used for cooling / refrigeration. A heat exchanger for exhaust heat recovery is connected to the evaporator, and the water refrigerant as a heat source liquid is evaporated by heat from the heat exchanger, and a load device is connected to the condenser, and the coolant is used. In the load equipment, Heating the.

  Therefore, the heater can be realized while taking advantage of the water refrigerant. Moreover, exhaust heat sources such as pool waste water and shower waste water are all passed through the heat exchanger for exhaust heat recovery so that exhaust heat recovery is possible, and even relatively low temperature waste water is effectively used. Energy saving effect can be obtained.

  Moreover, the water refrigerant heater of this invention makes the said compressor a roots compressor as mentioned above.

  Therefore, particularly when water is used as a refrigerant, it is highly efficient and suitable. In addition, since it is possible to reverse, the four-way valve is not required and a simple configuration can be obtained. When the temperature of the heating target is too high, cooling can be performed by reverse rotation.

  Furthermore, as described above, the water refrigerant heater according to the present invention is provided with the bypass pipe and the flow rate control valve that bypass the compressor, and when the temperature of the coolant on the evaporator side is high, the bypass The condenser-side coolant is heated as usual by performing an operation like a heat pipe that directly sends the vapor from the evaporator to the condenser via the pipe line and the flow rate control valve.

  Therefore, the compressor can be stopped or its rotation can be reduced, and energy saving can be achieved.

  Moreover, the water refrigerant water heater of the present invention uses water as the coolant of the condenser in the water refrigerant heater as described above.

  Therefore, it is possible to realize a non-fluorocarbon, high efficiency and simpler water heater per heat pump.

  Furthermore, in the water refrigerant water heater of the present invention, as described above, the heat exchanger supplies heat of the pool drain to the heat source liquid, and supplies heat to the pool stored water from the cooling liquid in the condenser. .

  Therefore, the amount of pooled water is always constant, and even when replenishing the drainage, the temperature difference with the replenishing water is small, and the heat pump water refrigerant water heater can be used with high efficiency. Is very suitable.

  Moreover, the water-refrigerant water heater of this invention is further provided with the warm water drainage tank which matches and stores the shower drainage with the said pool drainage as mentioned above.

  Therefore, it is possible to collect the waste heat from shower wastewater, which has a higher temperature than the pool wastewater, and by storing it in the hot water drainage tank, it is possible to gently lengthen the pool water from shower wastewater that is concentrated in a short time. Can be heated for hours.

  FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an overall configuration of a water refrigerant water heater 2 using a water refrigerant heater 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The water refrigerant water heater 2 is used as a hot water generator for the pool 3. The water refrigerant water heater 2 generally includes a first heat exchanger 1 for exchanging heat between the water refrigerant heater 1 and the hot water generated by the water refrigerant heater 1 and the stored water 4 in the pool 3. 1 heat exchanger 21, a pump 22 for circulating the water refrigerant on the primary side of the first heat exchanger 21, a pump 23 and a filter 24 for circulating the pool water 4 on the secondary side, A second heat exchanger 25 for exchanging heat between the hot water drainage tank 5 provided, the hot drainage 29 of the hot water drainage tank 5 and the water refrigerant 19 of the water refrigerant heater 1; The heat exchanger 22 is configured to include a pump 26 that circulates the primary-side hot waste water and a pump 27 that circulates the secondary-side water refrigerant 20.

  The structure of the water-refrigerant heater 1 is the same as that of the above-mentioned Patent Document 1 and the like. The water refrigerant 19 as a heat source liquid is placed under a low pressure and evaporated, and the water vapor from the evaporator 11 is adiabatically compressed. The root compressor 12, the high-temperature and high-pressure steam from the root compressor 12 is condensed by cooling with water that is a coolant, and the condenser 13 that heats the water to generate the hot water, and the condensation A return line 14 for returning the water refrigerant 20 condensed in the evaporator 13 to the bottom of the evaporator 11 again, a motor 15 for driving the Roots compressor 12, and from the evaporator 11 to the condenser 13 at the start of operation. A vacuum pump 16 for evacuating the pipe, a bypass line 17 that bypasses the roots compressor 12 and can directly connect the condenser 13 to the evaporator 11, and a flow rate control interposed therebetween. Constituted by a valve 18.

  In the water-refrigerant water heater 2 configured as described above, the pool water 4 overflowing from the pool 3 flows into the hot water drain tank 5 from the upper side, and the shower drainage is similarly passed through the filter 28. It flows from the upper side. The upper layer water having a relatively high temperature in the warm drainage 29 of the warm water drainage tank 5 is sucked by the pump 26 and is circulated to the bottom side of the warm water drainage tank 5 through the second heat exchanger 25. On the other hand, the water refrigerant 19 stored on the bottom surface of the evaporator 11 of the water refrigerant heater 1 is sucked out by the pump 27 and circulated to the evaporator 11 through the second heat exchanger 25. Thus, in the evaporator 11, the water refrigerant 19 under low pressure is evaporated through the second heat exchanger 25, that is, by the exhaust heat of the hot water drainage tank 5, thereby becoming saturated dry steam.

  The saturated dry steam from the evaporator 11 is adiabatically compressed in the roots compressor 12 and becomes high-temperature and high-pressure superheated steam. The superheated steam from the Roots compressor 12 is cooled by the water from the first heat exchanger 21 in the condenser 13, returns to the liquid water refrigerant 20, and is stored on the bottom surface of the condenser 13. At this time, water from the first heat exchanger 21 is heated, and the heat heats the pooled water 4 to be heated in the first heat exchanger 21. The water refrigerant 20 condensed in the condenser 13 is circulated to the bottom surface of the evaporator 11 via a return line 14.

  Therefore, the water refrigerant heater 1 of the present invention uses a configuration of a heat pump type non-Freon refrigerator using water as a refrigerant. It should be noted that the second heat exchanger 25 is connected to the evaporator 11 and the pool In addition to recovering waste heat from drainage and shower drainage, the first heat exchanger 21 serving as load equipment is connected to the condenser 13, and the first heat exchanger 21 is a heating target using the coolant. It is to heat the pool reservoir water 4. By comprising in this way, a heater is realizable, making use of the advantage of a water refrigerant.

  Further, the use of a roots compressor as the compressor is highly efficient and suitable particularly when water is used as the refrigerant as described above. In addition, since it can be reversed, a four-way valve is not required and a simple configuration can be achieved. When the temperature of the object to be heated, that is, the pooled water 4 is too high in summer or the like, the rotation is reversed. Cooling can also be performed.

  Furthermore, when the bypass line 17 and the flow rate control valve 18 that bypass the roots compressor 12 are provided, the temperature of the coolant on the evaporator 11 side, that is, the warm drainage 29 of the warm water drainage tank 5 is high. By performing an operation like a heat pipe that directly sends the vapor from the evaporator 11 to the condenser 13 via the bypass line 17 and the flow rate control valve 18, the coolant on the condenser 13 side as usual, that is, The pool water 4 can be heated. Specifically, the control device 40 detects the temperatures of the water refrigerants 19 and 20 by the temperature sensors 41 and 42 provided in the evaporator 11 and the condenser 13, respectively, and the temperature of the water refrigerant 19 on the evaporator 11 side is condensed. When the temperature α is higher than the temperature of the water refrigerant 20 on the side of the condenser 13 by a predetermined temperature, for example, 3 ° C. or more, the flow control valve 18 is opened and the Roots compressor 12 is stopped. The valve 18 is shut off, and the roots compressor 12 is rotated at a speed corresponding to the temperature difference. By comprising in this way, when the temperature of the warm waste water 29 is high, the roots compressor 12 can be stopped or the rotation can be reduced, and further energy saving can be achieved.

  Further, since the cooling liquid of the condenser 13 is water, it is possible to realize a simple water heater 2 that is non-fluorocarbon and highly efficient with respect to the heat pump.

  Furthermore, in this water / refrigerant water heater 2, heat is supplied to the coolant of the evaporator 11 from the warm drainage 29 of the pool 3, and heat is supplied to the pool water 4 from the coolant of the condenser 13. Supply. Therefore, when the amount of pooled water 4 is always constant and the drainage is replenished, for example, the temperature difference of the water to be replenished with respect to the temperature of the hot water pool of 31 ° C, that is, the temperature of the drainage is 10 ° C in summer. Hereinafter, the temperature difference is as small as about 20 ° C. even in winter. Accordingly, the heat pump type water refrigerant water heater 2 can be used with high efficiency, and the pool 3 is extremely suitable for its use. In addition, if the water temperature is 80 ° C. or higher, carbon dioxide gas or the like can be used as the refrigerant. However, the water temperature of about 20 to 30 ° C. uses the water refrigerant water heater 2 with high efficiency even from the temperature range. Can be preferred.

  Moreover, by further providing a hot water drainage tank 5 for storing the shower drainage together with the pool drainage, the exhaust heat of the shower drainage having a temperature of 10 ° C. or higher than the pool drainage can be recovered, and the hot water drainage tank 5 By pooling, the pool stored water 4 can be gently heated for a long time from the shower drainage generated intensively in a short time.

  Furthermore, in the example of FIG. 1, the lower temperature water in the lower layer of the hot drainage 29 of the hot water drainage tank 5 is sucked out by the pump 31, and the upper side of the hot water drainage tank 5 is passed through the third heat exchanger 32. While being circulated, an air-cooled heat pump 34 that supplies hot water to the third heat exchanger 32 by a pump 33 is provided for backup. As a result, even if the temperature of the hot drainage 29 does not rise sufficiently in winter, the pool 3 can be supplied with hot water having a required temperature of, for example, 31 ° C. In that case, the third heat exchanger 32 may directly exchange heat with the water refrigerant 19 of the evaporator 11.

  The heat exchangers 21, 25, and 32 perform heat exchange between liquids, so that the plate type is preferable, but heat exchangers of other structures such as a shell and tube type may be used. Furthermore, the primary side of the first heat exchanger 21 may be directly immersed in the stored water 4 in the pool 3, and similarly, the secondary side of the second heat exchanger 25 is directly connected to the hot water drain tank 5. You may immerse in the inside warm drainage 29.

  Further, in the configuration of FIG. 1 as well, similarly to Patent Document 1, the refrigerant is water whose density hardly changes depending on the temperature, so that the differential pressure between the evaporator 11 and the condenser 13 is changed to the position of both. Although it is generated by the difference in the height of the water head, the expansion valve of the return line 14 is not required and the control and maintenance are simplified. However, the expansion valve may be used.

  Here, the heat pump is good at changing a small temperature difference as described above, but it is used for a dishwasher that requires high temperature such as 80 ° C. or higher for sterilization or drying. Even when used to preheat tap water, the energy required to raise the temperature to an appropriate temperature can be drastically reduced when the hot water is generated later by a heater or the like. Therefore, the water refrigerant heater 1 of the present invention can be used not only as a hot water generator for the pool 3 but also for other uses.

  Here, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-257777 discloses that in summer, cooling is performed with a water refrigerant refrigerator by supplying power from the cogeneration, and in winter, heating is performed using the exhaust heat of the cogeneration. However, the use of a water refrigerant refrigerator for heating is neither described nor suggested. Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-69087 discloses that an absorption refrigerator is operated using exhaust heat of cogeneration, the condenser of the water refrigerant refrigerator is cooled by the cold heat, and sherbet ice is generated. Although shown, this prior art also does not describe or suggest the use of a water refrigerant refrigerator for heating.

  On the other hand, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-13787 discloses that the pool water and the room are cooled and heated by exchanging heat with cold / hot water from an electric heat pump chiller. However, in this prior art, it seems that the heat pump uses a normal chlorofluorocarbon refrigerant, and there is no description or suggestion that the water refrigerant refrigerator is used, and the exhaust heat of the heat pump is the same as that of a normal air conditioner. It seems that heat is dissipated in the air. Therefore, in the present invention, the refrigerant is suitable for the temperature range of the pool and is advantageous in terms of efficiency, but this prior art is not necessarily so, and it is impossible to recover waste heat from the waste water. is there.

It is a figure which shows the whole structure of the water refrigerant water heater using the water refrigerant heater which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Water refrigerant heater 2 Water refrigerant water heater 3 Pool 4 Reserved water 5 Hot water drainage tank 11 Evaporator 12 Roots compressor 13 Condenser 14 Return line 15 Motor 16 Vacuum pump 17 Bypass line 18 Flow control valves 19, 20 Water Refrigerant 21 First heat exchanger 22, 23, 26, 27, 31, 33 Pump 24 Filter 25 Second heat exchanger 28 Filter 29 Warm drain 32 Third heat exchanger 34 Air-cooled heat pump 41 Control device 42 43 Temperature sensor

Claims (6)

A heat exchanger for exhaust heat recovery;
An evaporator that places water refrigerant as a heat source liquid under a low pressure and evaporates by heat from the heat exchanger;
A compressor for adiabatically compressing water vapor from the evaporator;
A condenser that heats the cooling liquid while condensing the high-temperature and high-pressure steam from the compressor by cooling with a cooling liquid,
A load device that introduces the coolant heated in the condenser and heats the heating target;
A water refrigerant heater comprising: a return line for returning the water condensed by the condenser to the evaporator again.   The water refrigerant heater according to claim 1, wherein the compressor is a Roots compressor.   The water refrigerant heater according to claim 1, further comprising a bypass pipe and a flow rate control valve that bypass the compressor.   The water refrigerant heater according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a cooling liquid of the condenser is water.   5. The water-refrigerant water heater according to claim 4, wherein the heat exchanger supplies heat of the pool wastewater to the heat source liquid, and supplies heat to the pool stored water from the cooling liquid in the condenser.   The water refrigerant water heater according to claim 5, further comprising a hot water drainage tank that stores the pool drainage together with shower drainage.

Images