JP4114769B2 - Method and apparatus for preventing living organisms from growing on seawater boxes and seawater systems installed on ships, offshore platforms, etc. - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method and a device on ships, offshore-platforms, etc. for protecting against organism growth in complete seawater systems, operated on the basis of briefly raising the temperature of a volume of water (1) which is isolated by a mechanical closure system (4, 12). The brief temperature increase destroys the growth of organisms or their larvae without the need for toxic, environmentally damaging substances. Once the closure system has been opened, the normal cooling operation is resumed. The waste heat from the motor is used to raise the temperature for short periods of time. The mechanical closure of a sea-case is described as an application example. In cooling systems, comprising several circuits, joined by a mixing tank, each sub-circuit can be heated separately for a brief period, using the assembly of different heat exchangers and the integrated control and regulatory systems, thus preventing organism growth.

Description

[0001]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The present invention prevents overgrowth of flora and fauna in seawater boxes and seawater systems used for ships, offshore platforms, etc., and includes filters, controllers (equipment), piping systems, heat exchangers, pumps, seawater box cooling devices, etc. Protecting components in contact with seawater in open seawater boxes and seawater systems, sporadically or permanently, and confining localized seawater using residual heat in motor cooling water according to claim 1 The present invention relates to a processing method and apparatus for performing superheating suitable for a short time and purpose.
[0002]
The overgrowth of animals and plants around ships and ship components and within piping systems and their components has increased significantly, especially due to increased water pollution. Various methods have been tried internationally to reduce or prevent the overgrowth of these animals and plants.
[0003]
1. In DE PN 31 23 682 A1, a metal with an alpha single-phase structure consisting of an alloy containing at least one element such as tin up to 5% by weight and 5-30% by weight of manganese, which prevents flora and fauna The material is described. The disadvantage is that the price of the ship is high here because standard steel in the shipbuilding industry is not a material.
[0004]
2. A similar idea has been selected by the DE PN 36 28 150 A1 patent. There, an adhesive sheet metal made of a CuNi alloy plate is primed to form a self-adhesive adhesive layer. CuNi alloys are much more expensive than steel.
[0005]
3. The outer shells of marine vessels are currently preventing the growth of animals and plants by painting a self-polishing antifouling agent. In this treatment method category, for example according to DE PN 3522 817, plasma (plasma) polymerization forms a protective layer that repels overgrowth and prevents biting, or according to DE PN 2756 495 Silicon rubber is mounted on the top. Here, contamination of seawater with chemical substances is seen as a drawback.
[0006]
4). Cathode protection devices, in which copper ions dissolve from the electrochemical protection anode as a result of the electrochemical electrolysis potential, are a costly and toxic method for preventing the flora and fauna of plants and animals.
[0007]
5. According to DE PN 4109 197, a special antifouling agent protective coating is applied with a variable voltage in polarity and strength for the purpose of forming a thin layer of water that has a variable pH-value and suppresses overgrowth of plants and animals. It is done. The required multi-layered color configuration is easier to apply to a smooth surface than the cooling system and is therefore suitable for large area ship exterior walls.
[0008]
6). US Patent Specification 3 309 167 describes a method for preventing the overgrowth of animals and plants that utilizes the effect of preventing overgrowth of animals and plants by regularly repeating temperature increases. Unlike the invention described below, which aims to overheat due to the heat of a water motor confined in a temporarily closed circuit, in the above-mentioned US patent, Directly heated by an electric heater element. This requires additional energy consumption.
[0009]
7). U.S. Patent 3 650 677 relates to a method for seawater boxes, especially during winter periods, to prevent temporary damage by ice formation and to prevent corrosion by temporary coating of vegetable oil on the inner wall. It is a method aiming at stacking layers. The higher temperatures mentioned in the patent specification are related to the heating of fats to be sprayed into seawater boxes or their removal at the end of the winter rest period. There is no association with prevention of overgrowth of animals and plants. Shellfish and algae usually do not attach during the winter when there is a risk of ice formation, and attach after the spring is deepened and the temperature reaches 10 ° C. or higher.
[0010]
The basis of the present invention is that the piping system, filter, heat exchanger, controller, pump, seawater box cooling device that contacts the seawater sporadically or constantly in the seawater box and seawater system is in contact with seawater. The purpose is to control and prevent overgrowth of animals and plants on the surface, and it is easy to use and install at low cost. It is easy to maintain and operate. There is a problem of developing an effective and environmentally friendly treatment method and equipment that can prevent overgrowth of animals and plants without using them.
[0011]
According to the invention, this problem is solved by the features listed in claims 1 to 13.
[0012]
Seawater cooling devices for motor cooling water have been painted to prevent contamination due to overgrowth of animals and plants, but this coating provides only short-term prevention of overgrowth. Specially, a cooling device called a low-temperature seawater box cooling device, which has a motor cooling water inflow temperature of about 45 ° C., provides ideal conditions for the growth of barnacles, shellfish and other larvae. The cooling capacity may be extremely limited due to their growth in a short period of time, and a reserve surface area> 30% is specified for safety reasons. In contrast, a high temperature seawater box cooling device having a motor cooling water inflow temperature of about 75 to 90 ° C. shows no or little living organism tissue. Investigations, on the other hand, caused the growth of animals and plants by the action of very large shear stresses as a result of high tidal speeds, or by short-term overheating that was limited in time locally but at regular intervals. It has been shown that it can be permanently prevented. In the latter, the precondition for economically realizing the temporary overheating of seawater is to thoroughly separate the seawater to be heated from the surrounding seawater.
[0013]
An advantage of the present invention is that the cooling device can transmit greater cooling capacity in the same dimensions by reducing the cooling surface area by preventing the flora and fauna of the seawater box cooling device, or the seawater box cooling device in the same performance. It can be as small as about 20%, so that it is often easy to install in a very small seawater box. The reduced size and the ability to use normal steel again for the tube bundle results in cost savings in the sea water box cooling device itself. Therefore, it is possible to omit the precooling device which has been taken into consideration in some cases. The energy required to heat the contained seawater is procured by the high-temperature cooling water of the main motor or the diesel generator cooling water device. Since the entire sea box, including any built-in parts, can be protected with the same coating system, the need for expensive CuNi10Fe tube bundle coating and the associated electrolyte corrosion problems due to damage to the tube bundle coating are eliminated.
[0014]
To conclude, it should be noted that there is a principle possibility to upgrade the system by introducing this sealing mechanism to ships already in service.
[0015]
For locally limited seawater heating in the closed seawater box 1, high-temperature cooling water of the main motor 13 or cylinder cooling water of a diesel generator is used as an alternative, and cooling equipment is used to cool the seawater box. It is connected to a low-temperature cooling water circulation circuit equipped with the device 2. FIG. 1 shows the principle structure of a seawater box 1 including a low-temperature seawater box cooling device 2, an armor box 12 for blocking a drain slit 3, and a seawater box armor 4. Similarly, the inflow slit 8 is blocked. Other built-in elements are ventilation 5, cleaning connection 6 and zinc anode 7. In the normal operation mode (seawater mode), the low-temperature motor cooling water circulates through the low-temperature seawater box cooling device 2 at about 45 ° C., and the seawater flows into the seawater box 1 through the inflow slit 8 at a maximum of 32 ° C. The seawater passes through the low-temperature seawater box cooling device 2 to cool the motor cooling water to a minimum of 36 ° C., and is discharged from the seawater box 1 through the drainage slit 3. Together with the seawater, the larva of the organism that is the source of dirt constantly enters the seawater box 1 and stays in the seawater box 1 or when it is anchored at the port or offshore, during estuary operation, or when there is only a small tide. Deposit on built-in elements. In the seawater box 1, the inflow / drainage slits 8; 3 are now sealed by the seawater box armor 4 according to the invention. Under particularly advantageous temperature conditions and installation conditions, sealing the drainage slit is sufficient.
[0016]
FIG. 2 shows an example of blocking the drainage slit 3 and shows the structure of the seawater box armor door 4 composed of the driving device 10, the armor door box 12 and a lamella (thin plate). The guide rail 11 is installed inside the outer shell of the seawater box 1 and is equipped with necessary reinforcing materials and, in some cases, a rotating packing, in order to achieve waterproofness. The pressure is adjusted in the inflow / drainage slits 8; 3 sealed by the seawater box armor door 4 through the ventilation 5.
[0017]
FIG. 3 shows the arrangement of the low-temperature sea water box cooling device 2 above the sea water box armor 4 for sealing the inflow slit 8 and the inflow / drain slit 8;
[0018]
FIG. 4 shows the possibility of directly heating the seawater box 1 via a hot tube bundle 9 incorporated in a so-called combination cooling device of a high temperature circuit or a diesel generator cooling water circuit with a minimum inlet temperature of 70 ° C. Represents. The principle structure follows FIG. A short time of local and temporally limited overheating with the inlet / drain slits 8; 3 closed is here integrated in the same way as described below with reference to FIG. The tube bundle 9 takes over.
[0019]
FIG. 5 shows the R & I diagram of a motor with an independent hot / cold cooling water circulation circuit. The high-temperature motor cooling water is supplied in the normal operation mode via the flat plate heat exchanger 14, and this is the low-temperature cooling water delivered to the seawater through the low-temperature seawater box cooling device 2 in the inflow / drainage slit 8; Chilled back. After the main motor 13 is switched off at the port and at the anchoring point, the superheated operation mode to the minimum temperature of 60 ° C. required to eradicate the organisms for the low temperature sea water box cooling device 2 is started. The bypass of the temperature regulating valve 16 is completely closed. The high temperature cooling water then heats the low temperature cooling water via the flat plate heat exchanger 14. The seawater in the seawater box 1 is allowed to have a certain duration to at least 60 ° C. via the low temperature seawater box cooling device 2 by the low temperature cooling water circulating in the closed circulation circuit so that the organism is killed. Heated locally for a short time. After opening the closed inflow / drainage slits 8; 3, if necessary, the seawater box 1 is cleaned for a short time via the cleaning connection 5, and the low temperature seawater box cooling device 2 is listed above. The normal operation mode is restored again by carrying out the measures in the reverse order. FIG. 5 further shows a proposal which makes it possible to shorten the heating time by means of a heat exchanger 15 which is superheated with steam, hot oil or electrical energy, supplementarily integrated in the cold circulation circuit.
[0020]
FIG. 6 shows another application example of the elastic sliding plate 17 along the outer shell contour of the ship as a device for waterproof shut-off of the inflow / drain slits 8; 3. The hydrostatic pressure acting on the plate 17 from the outside presses the plate 17 against the outer shell built up as a double cover 18 in this region of the seawater box 1.
[0021]
FIG. 7 shows a seawater system consisting of a seawater box 1A; 1B and operatively connected to the incorporated shut-off equipment 21; 22, pump 20, mixing tank 19 through conduits and / or channels. In the seawater mode, the blocking equipment 21; 22 and the armor doors 4A; 4B in the seawater box 1A; 1B are opened.
[0022]
When navigating at a reduced speed at the port, at the anchoring point, or while anchored, the seawater system closes the armor door 4B in the seawater box 1B, and the shutoff equipment 22B belonging to it and the active seawater box 1A. Is opened, the system is divided into a passive partial system B (cleaning mode) and an active partial system A (seawater mode). The seawater box 1B is now locally overheated for a short time together with the connecting conduits, shutoff equipment 21B; 22B, seawater box cooling device 2B and pump 20B, thereby causing contamination by the growth of microorganisms, macro-organisms and their larvae. It is protected. When the cleaning mode in the seawater box 1B ends, the partial system is switched to the seawater mode by opening the armor door 4B. The seawater box 1A that was previously active in the seawater mode is now switched to the cleaning mode according to the above processing method. The partial system A is likewise locally heated for a short time in order to prevent the flora and fauna from growing.
[0023]
Other seawater boxes and piping systems that are operatively connected to them can also be protected from dirt caused by flora and fauna of each section by the same processing method.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 shows the principle structure of a seawater box having a sealable inflow slit and a drainage slit.
[Fig.2] Seawater box with drainage slit closed.
[Fig. 3] Seawater box armor for sealing the inflow slit.
FIG. 4 is a low-temperature seawater box cooling device in which a combined cooling device and a high-temperature seawater box cooling device are integrated as in FIG.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a high-temperature / low-temperature circuit with an external heat exchanger.
[Fig. 6] An elastic plate that can be rolled up to seal the inflow and drainage slits.
[Fig. 7] Seawater box switching structure in switching between seawater mode and washing mode.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Sea water box 1A Sea water box 1B Sea water box 2 Low temperature sea water box cooling device 2A Low temperature sea water box cooling device 2B Low temperature sea water box cooling device 3 Drain slit 4 Sea water box armor door 4A Sea water box armor door 4B Sea water box armor door 5 Ventilation 6 Cleaning connection 7 Zinc Anode 8 Inlet slit 9 Integrated high-temperature tube bundle 10 Armor door drive device 11 Guide rail 12 Armor door box 13 Main motor 14 Flat plate heat exchanger 15 Auxiliary heat exchanger 16 Temperature control valve 17 Elastic sliding plate 18 Double cover 19 Mixing tank 20A Seawater circulation pump, active state 20B Seawater circulation pump, passive state 21A; B cutoff equipment, seawater inflow, active; passive 22A; B cutoff equipment, seawater reverse flow, active; passive.

Claims (14)

  A method for preventing the breeding of barnacles, shellfish and other breeding organisms on components of seawater boxes, such as those installed in seawater boxes, such as those used on ships and offshore platforms, by overheating. In this method, the seawater in the seawater box is isolated from the surrounding environment, the cooling device installed in the seawater box is removed from the cooling operation, and flows in the seawater box cooling device. A method characterized by heating seawater confined in a seawater box with high-temperature cooling water. Seawater box (1A, 1B), a conduit connecting the seawater box and the seawater box cooling device, a seawater box cooling device (2A) arranged outside the seawater box, and circulating seawater in the seawater system In a plurality of seawater systems having a pump (20A, 20B) and controllers (21A, 22A) for controlling the amount of seawater flowing into the seawater box cooling device , each seawater system is confined in a seawater box. The method according to claim 1, wherein the seawater is heated regularly for a short time and locally.   In a seawater box without a pre-cooling device, the protection against the propagation of organisms is confined in the seawater box locally for a short time and regularly repeatable by means of an additional tube bundle installed directly in the seawater box The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the method is performed by heating seawater. 4. Any of the claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the fresh cooling of the shut-off cooling device can be performed via the cleaning connection (6) before or after the end of the local overheat treatment. The method of crab.   5. A local and short-time overheating is regularly and automatically performed and automatically monitored using an integrated measurement and control system and regulator. The method in any one of. An apparatus for carrying out the method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising a first seawater system and a second seawater system capable of separately controlling operating states, wherein The seawater system includes a first seawater box (1A), a first conduit connected to the first seawater box (1A) and the first seawater box cooling device (2A), and the first seawater box (1A). A first seawater box cooling device (2A) arranged outside the seawater box (1A), a pump (20A) for circulating seawater in the first seawater system, and the first seawater box cooling device (2A) ) And controllers (21A, 22A) for controlling the amount of seawater flowing around , the second seawater system includes a second seawater box (1B) and the second seawater box (1B) . ) and a second conduit connected to the other sea chest cooler (2B), the second sea chest (1 ) And other sea chest cooling device arranged on the outer (2B), a pump (20B) for circulating the seawater within the second seawater system, seawater flowing around the other sea chest cooler (2B) And a controller (21B, 22B) for controlling the amount of the device. Each of the said 1st seawater system and the said 2nd seawater system is controllable independently in the state which seawater flows into the seawater box from the outside, or the state where seawater does not flow into the seawater box from the outside. The device described in 1.   7. Device according to claim 6, characterized in that the drainage slit (3) and / or the inflow slit (8) in the outer shell of the seawater box (1) are mechanically closed individually or simultaneously.   9. A device according to any one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that the controllers comprise a closing device (4), the closing device (4) being an armor door.   10. The controller according to any one of claims 6 to 9, characterized in that the controller comprises a closing device (4), the closing device (4) being a resilient sliding plate (17). Equipment.   11. The control device according to any one of claims 6 to 10, characterized in that the controller comprises a closing device (4), which is moved by a separate or common drive device (10). The device described.   The control device comprises a closure device (4), the closure device (4) being coated with a special material that prevents the propagation of organisms and reduces friction. The apparatus according to any one of 11.   An additional high temperature tube bundle (9) using the heat of the hot cooling water of the main engine (13) is provided in the sea water box cooling device (1) for rapid local heating of the trapped sea water. Device according to any of claims 6 to 12, characterized in that   14. A device according to any one of claims 6 to 13, characterized in that a heat exchanger heated with steam is installed in the seawater box (1).

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