JP4023939B2 - Engine intake system for construction machinery - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an engine intake device for a construction machine that guides combustion air to an engine provided in the construction machine.
[0002]
[Prior art]
A hydraulic excavator, which is an example of a construction machine, is generally provided in a lower traveling body, an upper revolving body that is turnable on the lower traveling body, a front portion of the upper revolving body, a boom, an arm, a bucket, and the like. And a multi-joint type front mechanism.
[0003]
At this time, the operation members such as the boom, arm, bucket, upper swing body, and lower traveling body described above are normally driven by a hydraulic actuator such as a hydraulic cylinder or a hydraulic motor. The hydraulic excavator is provided with a hydraulic pump as a hydraulic source of the hydraulic actuator, and the hydraulic pump is driven by the engine. Generally, these hydraulic pumps and engines are placed on an upper rotating body together with various devices and covered with a cover.
[0004]
An example of equipment arrangement in this upper swing body is shown in FIG.
[0005]
In FIG. 7, a cab 3 having a seat 2 and an operation lever (not shown) is provided on the front left side of the upper swing body 1. Almost all of the upper swing body 1 other than the driver's cab 3 is covered with a cover, but FIG. 7 shows the arrangement of internal devices with the cover removed.
[0006]
That is, on the right front side in the cover of the upper revolving structure 1, a fuel tank 5 for storing fuel of an engine 4 (described later), a hydraulic oil tank 7 serving as a pressure oil source of a hydraulic pump 6 (same), and a tool box 8 are provided.
A control valve device 9 for controlling the pressure oil from the hydraulic pump 6 is provided in a substantially central region in the cover of the upper swing body 1. This control valve device 9 supplies pressure oil from the hydraulic pump 6 to the hydraulic actuator described above in response to the operation of the operation lever of the operator in the cab 3. In addition, on the front side of the control valve device 9, a turning motor 11 that is one of the hydraulic actuators described above and turns the upper turning body 1 relative to the lower traveling body 10 is disposed.
[0007]
Furthermore, a counterweight 12 is provided at the rearmost part of the upper swing body 1.
An engine room 13 in which the engine 4 is installed is formed on the front side of the counterweight 12 and on the rear side of the control valve device 9 and the cab 3. The engine room 13 and the cab 3 are partitioned by a cab rear wall surface 14, and the engine room 13 and the control valve device 9 side are partitioned by a substantially L-shaped side wall 15.
[0008]
In the engine room 13, the hydraulic pump 6 connected to the engine 4 and driven by the driving force, the coolant of the engine 4 is circulated and supplied, and a heat exchanger 16 such as a radiator for cooling the cooling water, combustion of the engine An air cleaner 17 for purifying the air introduced from the air inlet, an intake pipe 18 for connecting the purified air connected to the air cleaner 17 to the engine 4, and an exhaust gas from the engine 4 Various devices such as a muffler 19 that is guided and silenced and a battery 20 as a power source when the engine 4 is activated are housed.
[0009]
At this time, in order to cool the engine 4 and each device in the engine room 13, the cooling fan (same as above) is rotated by the driving force of the crankshaft (not shown) of the engine 4 and one side of the cover (see FIG. Cooling air is sucked in through an intake hole (not shown) provided in the lower side of 7 and the heat exchanger 16 such as a radiator is cooled. Then, the engine 4 and the hydraulic pump 6 are further cooled, and the other side of the cover ( It discharges to the outside through an exhaust hole (not shown) provided on the upper side in FIG.
[0010]
Here, the air cleaner 17 and the intake pipe 18 constitute an engine intake device that guides combustion air to the engine 4. This engine intake device is usually configured in consideration of the following.
[0011]
First, the output of the engine 4 greatly depends on the temperature of the intake air, and the output of the engine 4 decreases when the intake air becomes hot. Therefore, it is necessary to suck in air having a temperature as low as possible (close to the atmospheric temperature) from the air suction port.
Second, even if relatively low temperature air is sucked from the air suction port, the air cleaner 17 is heated by the air cleaner 17 if it is in a position where it is exposed to hot air, so that the air cleaner 17 is not exposed to high temperature air. Must be.
[0012]
In FIG. 7, in consideration of the above points, an air cleaner 17 having an air suction port is provided on the front side of the heat exchanger 16 (so-called radiator chamber), so that the heat exchanger 16 can be cooled before the temperature is raised. While relatively cool air can be inhaled, the air cleaner 17 is prevented from being exposed to hot air. Incidentally, in response to the arrangement of the air cleaner 17 on the front side of the heat exchanger 16 in this way, the intake pipe 18 connecting the air cleaner 17 and the engine 4 is once substantially L-shaped from the side of the heat exchanger 16. After passing through the side wall 15 and out of the engine room 13, bypassing the heat exchanger 16, it passes through the side wall 15 again and exits into the engine room 13, and is turned into the intake system of the engine 4. .
[0013]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In recent years, for applications in relatively small excavation sites, for example, the swing radius in the minimum turning posture with the boom raised to the maximum and the front mechanism closest to the cab side is less than the diameter of the turning frame at the lower part of the upper turning body. Many small construction machines have been proposed such as a so-called small rear swivel excavator. In such a small construction machine, the space in the cover in the upper revolving structure is extremely limited. Therefore, it is necessary to devise the arrangement of the devices in the cover so that the space is not wasted and can be used effectively.
[0014]
However, in the above conventional structure, as described above, the intake pipe 18 passes through the substantially L-shaped side wall 15 and goes out of the engine room 13 to bypass the heat exchanger 16, so that the heat exchanger 16 sideways. The substantially L-shaped inner region 21 of the side wall 15 located at the position becomes a useless space used only for detouring, and the space efficiency is lowered. Therefore, it has been difficult to arrange all devices to be mounted in the upper swing body in the upper swing body.
[0015]
An object of the present invention is to provide an engine intake device that can improve space efficiency by eliminating the waste of space in the upper-part turning body.
[0016]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
(1) In order to achieve the above object, the present invention cools an engine disposed in an engine room of an upper swing body, a radiator that cools cooling water of the engine, and hydraulic oil for driving a hydraulic actuator. An oil cooler, and a cooling fan for inducing cooling air for cooling the engine, the radiator, and the oil cooler; A sealing material that closes an outer periphery of the radiator and partitions the engine room into an engine side and an anti-engine side; and an openable and closable upper cover that covers an upper part of the engine room; An air suction port for sucking combustion air of the engine, an air cleaner for purifying air introduced from the air suction port, and an intake air for guiding the air purified by the air cleaner to the engine And the air suction port and the air cleaner are disposed on the opposite side of the radiator and the oil cooler on the engine intake device of the construction machine, and the intake piping is disposed on the upper portion of the radiator The air cleaner and the engine are connected while passing through the sealed material The seal material is at least a first seal material fixed to the upper cover and abutting on an upper portion of the intake pipe, and a second seal material fixed to the radiator and supporting a lower portion of the intake pipe. Divided into a structure in which the intake pipe is sandwiched between the first sealing material and the second sealing material. Yes.
[0017]
This eliminates the need for a useless space for turning the intake pipe so as to bypass the heat exchanger such as a radiator, which is necessary in the conventional structure. Therefore, space efficiency can be improved and the limited space in the upper swing body can be effectively utilized. Thereby, even when applied to a small construction machine with a limited space, all devices to be mounted can be easily arranged in the upper swing body.
[0019]
Cooling air that cools each device in the engine room is usually sucked from the area of the top cover that is on the opposite side of the radiator / oil cooler, and after cooling the radiator / oil cooler and raising the temperature, the engine etc. Cool down. At this time, the sealing material closes the outer periphery of the radiator and partitions the engine compartment into the engine side and the non-engine side, so that the high temperature air passing through the radiator / oil cooler is again in the radiator / oil cooler. Prevent backflow to the non-engine side. In the present invention, by providing the intake pipe so as to penetrate the sealing material, it is possible to improve the space efficiency in the upper-part turning body while ensuring the above-described backflow prevention function.
[0021]
The first sealant can be opened and closed together with the upper cover by fixing the first sealant to the openable and closable upper cover that covers the upper part of the engine room. The upper part of the intake pipe is exposed by opening the upper cover. It is possible to make it convenient for maintenance. At the time of assembly, it is sufficient to fix the second sealing material to the radiator and then install the intake pipe, while fixing the first sealing material to the engine cover and finally close the engine cover. Improves.
At this time, the size of the first seal material in the upper cover opening / closing direction is set slightly larger, and the first seal material is sufficiently adhered to the upper portion of the intake pipe by the pressing force in a state where the upper cover is closed. By doing so, the backflow prevention function can be more reliably realized.
[0022]
( 2 )the above( 1 ) Good Preferably, the second sealing material has a higher hardness than the first sealing material.
[0023]
By increasing the hardness of the second seal member provided under the intake pipe and receiving mainly the weight of the intake pipe, the durability and reliability of the support structure of the intake pipe are improved, and the second due to the weight of the intake pipe is increased. It is possible to prevent the seal material from being bent and contracted and to further improve the sealing performance. Moreover, vibration suppression of the intake pipe can be achieved.
[0024]
( 3 )the above In (1), preferably, Insect-proof net provided on the anti-engine side of the oil cooler Further comprising The intake pipe connects the air cleaner and the engine while passing through the upper region of the radiator and the oil cooler, and the insect net is structured to be divided into a plurality of parts in the horizontal direction.
[0025]
The insect net provided on the anti-engine side of the oil cooler becomes clogged with use, and therefore needs to be cleaned and replaced as appropriate. Here, in construction machines, the size of the radiator and the oil cooler is relatively large, so the size of the insect repellent net is also relatively large. When cleaning and replacing, the insect repellent net is pulled upward after opening the upper cover. It is common to take it out from the upper cover.
Here, in the present invention, since the space efficiency in the upper rotating body is improved by passing the intake pipe through the upper area of the radiator and the oil cooler, the intake pipe is disposed above the oil cooler. If this is the case, this intake pipe will be in the way and the insect net cannot be pulled upward. Therefore, in response to this, the insect net can be divided into a plurality of parts in the horizontal direction, and when cleaning and replacement, the insect net can be divided into a plurality of parts, and each one is made into a small piece. The pieces can be easily taken out sequentially without hindering the piping.
Therefore, the space efficiency in the upper swing body can be improved while ensuring easy cleaning and replacement of the same insect-proof net as in the prior art.
[0026]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Portions common to FIG. 7 illustrating the conventional structure are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted as appropriate.
[0027]
FIG. 2 shows a device layout in the upper swing body 101 of the small hydraulic excavator provided with the engine intake device according to the present embodiment.
[0028]
In FIG. 2, the present embodiment differs from the conventional structure described with reference to FIG. 7 in that an intake pipe 118 that guides purified air sucked from an air suction port 117 </ b> A of an air cleaner 117 to the engine 4 includes a radiator 116 a and That is, the heat exchanger 116 that is composed of the oil cooler 116b passes through the upper region and is turned.
[0029]
FIG. 1 is an enlarged top view (partially horizontal cross section) showing the main part structure in FIG. 2 including the arrangement of the intake pipe 118, and FIG. 3 is a side view as seen from the direction A in FIG. In FIGS. 1 and 3, parts other than the structure related to the engine intake device are also shown by imaginary lines (two-dot chain lines) as appropriate for the sake of clarity of the arrangement structure.
[0030]
1 and 3, a shroud 122 is fixed to the engine 4 side of the radiator 116a. A cooling fan 123 (see FIG. 3) is disposed in the shroud 116a, and is rotated by a driving force from a crankshaft (not shown) of the engine 4 to cool the hydraulic oil for driving the hydraulic actuator. Cooling air is induced from the lower side to the upper side in FIG. 1 to cool the radiator 116a, the engine 4 and the like.
[0031]
Moreover, the outer peripheral part of the radiator 116a is obstruct | occluded by the some sealing material 124 which consists of urethane, for example, and the inside of the engine room 113 is divided into the engine side and the anti-engine side by this. The intake pipe 118 penetrates through the plurality of sealing members 124 arranged at the upper portion of the radiator 116a without penetrating the side wall 115 that partitions the engine room 113 and the front side of the excavator (left side in FIG. 1), and is an air cleaner. 117 and the engine 4 are connected.
[0032]
FIG. 4 shows a front view as viewed from the direction B in FIG. 1 showing the detailed structure of the portion of the intake pipe 118 penetrating through the sealing material 124, which is the greatest feature of this embodiment.
[0033]
4 and 1, the radiator 116a includes a radiator main body 116aA and a radiator guide 116aL respectively provided on the left and right sides for fixing the radiator main body 116aA to the vehicle body frame 125 that forms the basic lower structure of the upper swing body 101. , 116aR. The oil cooler 116b is attached to the inside of the radiator guides 116aL and 116aR (see FIG. 1).
[0034]
The plurality of sealing materials 124 are fixed to an upper cover 126 that can be opened and closed to cover the upper portion of the engine room 113, and are fixed to the upper left portion of the radiator main body 116aA. A seal member 124b for supporting the lower portion of the air pipe, a seal member 124c fixed to the left radiator guide 116aL and the side wall 115 to seal a space therebetween, and supporting the side of the intake pipe 118, and a right radiator. Each of the guides 116aR and the counterweight 12 is fixed to seal the space between them, and is divided into a sealing material 124d fixed to the upper right portion of the radiator 116a.
At this time, among these four sealing materials, the sealing material 124b has higher hardness than the others. When the upper cover 126 is opened, among the sealing materials 124a, 124b, and 124c that seal around the intake pipe 118, the sealing materials 124b and 124c on the fixed side and the sealing material 124a on the movable side are separated. On the other hand, when the upper cover 126 is closed, the intake pipe 118 is held between the sealing members 124a, 124b, and 124c as shown in FIG.
[0035]
On the other hand, the anti-engine side of the oil cooler 116b is provided with an insect net 127 for preventing insects and the like from entering the oil cooler 116b and the radiator 116a when the cooling air passes. . The insect net 127 has a structure that can be divided into a plurality of pieces (two pieces in this embodiment) in the horizontal direction (left and right in FIG. 4). The left piece 127L in FIG. 4 has a structure in which a wire mesh 129L is pasted in a substantially rectangular frame 128L, and the right piece 127R in FIG. 4 is similarly in a substantially rectangular frame 128R. The structure is affixed.
At this time, as shown in FIG. 5 which is a cross-sectional view taken along the line VV in FIG. 4, the right end portion 128La of the frame body 128L of the left piece 127L is the portion where these two pieces 127L and 127R are in contact with each other. The frame body 128R of 127R is configured to cover the front surface of the left end portion 128Ra. Further, at the uppermost part of the frame body right end portion 128La of the left piece 127L, as shown in FIG. 6 which is a sectional view taken along the line VI-VI in FIG. Is provided. A hole for screwing the thumbscrew 130 is formed in the tongue portion 128Lao, and a hole is also formed at a position corresponding to the frame body left end portion 128Ra of the right piece 127R. After the two pieces 127L and 127R are abutted so that the end portions overlap each other as described above, the thumb screws 130 are screwed in so that the pieces 127L and 127R are fixed to each other and united.
[0036]
Further, the insect net 127 having the above-described structure is provided with the net grippers 131U, 131L and 132U, 132L respectively provided at the upper and lower portions of the left and right radiator guides 116aL, 116aR, the left end 128Lb of the left piece frame 128L and the right piece. Positioning is performed by passing the right end 128Rb of the frame 128R. At this time, the left and right upper net grippers 131U and 132U are respectively formed with holes for screwing the thumbscrews 133 and 134, and the left piece frame 128L and the right piece frame 128R have corresponding holes. The provided ear portions 128Lc and 128Rc are formed (see FIG. 4). Then, after positioning as described above, the entire insect-proof net 127 is fixed to the left and right radiator guides 116aL and 116aR by screwing in the thumbscrews 133 and 134.
[0037]
In the above, the sealing material 124a constitutes a first sealing material fixed to the upper cover and contacts the upper part of the intake pipe, and the sealing material 124b is fixed to the radiator and supports the lower part of the intake pipe. Configure the seal material.
[0038]
In the engine room 113 of the upper swing body 101 arranged as described above, when the engine 4 is started to start the work by the hydraulic excavator, the combustion air is sucked from the suction port 117A provided in the air cleaner 117. The air cleaner 117 cleans the air and introduces it into the intake system of the engine 4 through the intake pipe 118. Exhaust gas from the engine 4 is guided from the exhaust system of the engine 4 to the muffler 19 via an unillustrated exhaust pipe and is silenced, and is released to the atmosphere via an unillustrated exhaust gas pipe protruding from the upper cover 126 from the muffler 19. The
At this time, unlike the conventional structure shown in FIG. 7, the intake pipe 118 is twisted so as to connect the air cleaner 117 and the engine 4 while passing through the upper region of the radiator 116a and the oil cooler 116b. This eliminates the needless area 21 (see FIG. 7) for the intake pipe 18 to bypass the radiator 16 and the like, which is necessary in the conventional structure of FIG. The side wall 115 can be used. Accordingly, by appropriately devising the arrangement of the control valve device 9, the tool box 8, the hydraulic oil tank 7, the oil tank 5, etc., the space efficiency is improved as shown in FIG. The limited space can be used effectively. Therefore, all devices to be mounted can be easily arranged in the upper swing body 101 of a small hydraulic excavator with limited space.
[0039]
On the other hand, in order to cool the engine 4 and each device started as described above, the driving force of the crankshaft (not shown) of the engine 4 is transmitted to the cooling fan 123, and the cooling fan 123 is rotated. As a result, cooling air is sucked from an intake hole (not shown) provided on the opposite side of the upper cover 126 to the engine and passes through the oil cooler 116b and the radiator 116a to cool them. Thereafter, the cooling air is sucked into the cooling fan 123 through the shroud 122 and further blown out from the cooling fan 123 to cool the engine 4, the hydraulic pump 6, and the like, and an exhaust hole (see FIG. (Not shown).
At this time, the sealing materials 124a to 124d provided on the outer peripheral portion of the radiator 116a have passed the oil cooler 116b and the radiator 116a and become high temperature by partitioning the engine room 113 into the engine side and the non-engine side. The air functions to prevent the air from flowing back to the anti-engine side of the oil cooler 116b and the radiator 116a again. Here, in the present embodiment, when the intake pipe 118 is passed through the upper region of the radiator 116a and the oil cooler 116b as described above, the sealant 114 is provided so as to penetrate the sealant 114. It can prevent inhibiting the said backflow prevention function. At this time, the dimension of the sealing material 124a in the opening / closing direction (that is, the vertical direction) of the upper cover 126 is set slightly larger, and the sealing material 124a is sufficiently placed on the upper portion of the intake pipe 118 by the pressing force when the upper cover 126 is closed. If they are in close contact, the backflow prevention function can be more reliably realized.
Furthermore, by increasing the hardness of the seal member 124b provided under the intake pipe 118 and mainly receiving the weight of the intake pipe 118, the durability and reliability of the support structure of the intake pipe 118 are improved, and the intake pipe 118 It is possible to prevent the sealing material 124b from being bent or shrunk by its own weight and further improve the sealing performance. In addition, there is an effect that vibration of the intake pipe 118 can be suppressed. Further, when assembling the sealing materials 124a, 124b and 124c around the intake pipe 118, the intake pipe 118 is fixed after the sealing material 124c is fixed between the side wall 115 and the radiator guide 116aL and the sealing material 124b is fixed to the radiator body 116aA. On the other hand, it is sufficient to fix the sealing material 124a to the engine cover 126 and finally close the engine cover 126, but at this time, the deflection and contraction of the sealing material 124b due to the weight of the intake pipe 118 are prevented. Thus, there is an effect that the intake pipe 118 can be easily assembled.
[0040]
By the way, while the hydraulic excavator is always cooled with cooling air as described above, the insect net 127 provided on the anti-engine side of the oil cooler 116b captures foreign matters such as insects and dust with use. Therefore, it is necessary to clean and replace as appropriate.
[0041]
Here, in construction machines such as hydraulic excavators, the size of the radiator and oil cooler is relatively large, so that the size of the insect net is also relatively large. In general, it is removed so as to be pulled out and taken out from the upper cover.
[0042]
However, in the present embodiment, since the space efficiency in the upper swing body 101 is improved by passing the intake pipe 118 through the upper region of the radiator 116a and the oil cooler 116b as described above, the upper side of the oil cooler 116b. Is provided with an intake pipe 118, and the intake pipe 118 is obstructed as it is, and the insect net 127 cannot be pulled upward.
Accordingly, in this embodiment, the insect net 127 has a structure that can be divided into two pieces 127L and 127R in the horizontal direction. Accordingly, at the time of cleaning / replacement, by removing the thumbscrew 130 and dividing the insect net 127 into pieces 127L and 127R, the pieces 127L and 127R can be easily taken out sequentially without being disturbed by the intake pipe 118. be able to. In this way, as with a general excavator, the insect net 127 can be removed by pulling upward and removed from the upper cover 126 during cleaning and replacement. That is, it is possible to ensure easy cleaning / replacement of the insect repelling net 127 similar to the conventional one.
[0043]
In the above-described embodiment, the seal material 124 is divided into four seal materials 124a, 124b, 124c, and 124d. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the seal material 124c is the same material as the seal material 124b. May be formed integrally. In short, it is sufficient that the seal material fixed to the upper cover 126 and abutting on the upper portion of the intake pipe 118 and the seal material fixed to the radiator body 116aA and supporting the lower portion of the intake pipe 118 are at least divided.
[0044]
Moreover, in the said embodiment, although all the sealing materials 124a-d were comprised with urethane, it is not restricted to this, For example, you may use rubber | gum. Alternatively, only the hard seal material 124b may be made of rubber, and the remaining seal materials 124a, 124c, and 124d may be made of urethane.
[0045]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, since the intake pipe connects the cleaner and the engine while passing through the upper region of the radiator and the oil cooler, useless space for the intake pipe to bypass the radiator and the like becomes unnecessary. Therefore, space efficiency can be improved.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a top view showing a main part structure including an arrangement of intake pipes of an engine intake device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a device layout diagram in an upper swing body of a small hydraulic excavator provided with an engine intake device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a side view as seen from the direction A in FIG. 1;
4 is a front view as seen from the direction of the arrow B in FIG. 1. FIG.
5 is a cross-sectional view taken along a line VV in FIG.
6 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line VI-VI in FIG.
FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating an example of a conventional upper swirl device arrangement.
[Explanation of symbols]
4 engine
101 Upper swing body
113 engine room
116a Radiator
116b Oil cooler
117 Air cleaner
117A Air inlet
118 Intake piping
123 Cooling fan
124a Sealing material (first sealing material)
124b Sealing material (second sealing material)
124c, d sealing material
126 Top cover
127 insect net

Claims (3)

An engine disposed in the engine room of the upper swing body, a radiator for cooling the cooling water of the engine, an oil cooler for cooling the hydraulic oil for driving the hydraulic actuator, and the engine, the radiator, and the oil cooler are cooled. A cooling fan for inducing cooling air, a sealing material for closing the outer periphery of the radiator and partitioning the engine room into an engine side and a non-engine side, and an openable and closable upper cover for covering the upper part of the engine room An air suction port for sucking in combustion air of the engine, an air cleaner for purifying the air introduced from the air suction port, and an intake pipe for guiding the air purified by the air cleaner to the engine. And the air suction port and the air cleaner have the radiator and the oil In the engine air intake system for a construction machine provided on the opposite side to the engine of the cooler,
The intake pipe connects the air cleaner and the engine while penetrating through the sealing material disposed on the upper portion of the radiator,
The seal material is divided into at least a first seal material fixed to the upper cover and contacting the upper portion of the intake pipe, and a second seal material fixed to the radiator and supporting the lower portion of the intake pipe. An engine intake device for a construction machine, characterized in that the intake pipe is sandwiched between the first seal material and the second seal material. 2. The engine intake device for a construction machine according to claim 1 , wherein the second seal member has a higher hardness than that of the first seal member. 2. The engine intake device for a construction machine according to claim 1 , further comprising an insect net provided on an anti-engine side of the oil cooler , wherein the intake pipe passes through the upper area of the radiator and the oil cooler and the air cleaner. An engine air intake device for a construction machine, which is connected to the engine and has a structure in which the insect net can be divided into a plurality of parts in the horizontal direction.

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