JP4003509B2 - Reuse method of fine coke generated in coke production process - Google Patents
Reuse method of fine coke generated in coke production process Download PDFInfo
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Description
【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、コークス製造過程で発生した微粉コークスの再利用方法に係わり、詳しくは、コークス炉から押し出された赤熱コークスの消火時に発生する微粉コークスを、該コークス炉へ装入する原料の一部に有効利用する技術である。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
一般に、製鉄所では、コークスは、複数銘柄の石炭（それぞれを原料炭と称する）を、製造するコークスの品質に応じて適切に組み合わせて配合し、コークス炉の炭化室へ装入して乾留させることで製造している。従って、乾留され、まだ赤熱状態にあるコークスは、炭化室から押し出した後、消火装置で消火される。なお、前記複数銘柄の原料炭を配合するに際しては、通常、該原料炭をヤード上に多層に山積みし、使用時に各層の原料炭が均一混合するように、リクレーマを用いてその山の一部を高さ方向に切り出すようにしている。
【０００３】
ところで、前記消火装置には、赤熱コークスに直接水をかける湿式方式のものと、熱風を吹き付ける乾式方式のもの（ＣＤＱと称している）があるが、装置の特性上、いずれの装置を用いてもかなりの量の微粉コークス（通常、粒径２．０ｍｍ以下のものをいう）が発生し、久しくは野積みされていた。しかし、資源有効利用の観点からは、この微粉コークスを利用することが望ましい。そのため、例えば特開昭６１−２９１９２６号公報に開示されているように、コークス製造過程で発生する微粉コークスを、高炉装入の鉄源である焼結鉱の製造用燃料として利用する技術が提案された。つまり、焼結鉱を製造するには、粉状の鉄鉱石、石灰石等に熱源として粉状のコークスを混合し、該コークスの燃焼熱で塊成化するからである。上記特開昭６１−２９１９２６号公報は、前記ＣＤＱで回収される微粉コークスに転炉ダスト、焼結ダスト等の微粉原料及び水を適切な割合で混練して、焼結鉱製造用燃料（以下、焼結用燃料という）としての好ましい粒径にする技術である。それにより、乾燥状態にある微粉コークスを、粉塵発生を抑えつつ再利用できるようになると期待された。
【０００４】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、上記技術で製造した焼結用燃料を使用すると、個々の粒子としての強度が弱いため、他の焼結原料と一緒にドラムミキサで混合する時に崩壊し、その焼結原料を焼結機のパレット上で充填層にすると、該充填層中に混在・偏在するようになる。その状態で点火して所謂「焼結操業」を行なうと、焼結機でムラ焼けが発生し、好ましい操業ができないという問題があった。そこで、もっと安定して、且つ大量に使用できる用途の開発が熱望されていた。
【０００５】
なお、ＣＤＱ発生の微粉コークスは、乾燥状態のためハンドリング時、粉塵発生があり、湿式消火装置で発生する微粉コークスは、湿潤状態であり、乾燥工程を加えて再利用する必要があり、両者ともに、再利用のためには、ハンドリングや乾燥にコストがかかると予想される。
【０００６】
本発明は、かかる事情に鑑み、コークスの製造過程で発生し、従来は廃棄されていた微粉コークスの全量を有効に利用可能とするコークス製造過程で発生した微粉コークスの再利用方法である。
【０００７】
【課題を解決するための手段】
発明者は、上記目的を達成するため鋭意研究し、その成果を本発明に具現化した。
【０００８】
すなわち、本発明は、複数銘柄の原料炭を、ヤード上に多層に山積みし、リクレーマで切出して均一に混合してから、コークス炉へ装入、乾留してコークスを製造するに当たり、以前のコークス炉操業で乾留され、赤熱したコークスを消火する際に発生した微粉コークスを、前記ヤードの第一層として敷き詰め、その上に、該微粉コークス層を覆うように複数銘柄の原料炭を順次に積み重ね、原料炭の一部としてコークス炉に装入することを特徴とするコークス製造過程で発生した微粉コークスの再利用方法である。
【０００９】
また、本発明は、前記微粉コークスとして、乾式消火装置及び湿式消火装置で発生した微粉コークスの混合物を用いることを特徴とするコークス製造過程で発生した微粉コークスの再利用方法である。
【００１０】
さらに、本発明は、前記ヤードの第一層に代え、第２層から最上層の一層前までとしたり、あるいは前記微粉コークスのヤードに敷き詰める量を、原料炭の全配合量に対して０．５質量％以下とすることを特徴とするコークス製造過程で発生した微粉コークスの再利用方法である。
【００１１】
本発明では、従来あまり良い用途のなかったコークス製造過程で発生した微粉コークスを、コークス炉へ装入する原料炭へ均一混合が可能なように配合し、全量を有効に処理するようにしたので、資源の無駄が解消されるようになる。しかも、配合量を制限することで、製造されるコークスの品質を劣化させることがない。
【００１２】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、図面を参照して、本発明の実施の形態について説明する。
【００１３】
本発明の対象とする微粉コークスは、コークス炉から押し出された乾留済みの赤熱コークスを消火する際に生じ、平均粒径で２．０ｍｍ以下のものである。その消火は、前記したように、乾式及び湿式で行なわれるので、得られる微粉コークスは、含水率が０の乾燥状態で飛散し易いものと、含水率２５〜３０質量％のスラリーに近い状態のものとがある。本発明では、これらの微粉コークスを発生場所から直ちに、原料炭ヤードに搬送し、配合量の決まった原料炭を山積みする際に、その一部として積層するのである。つまり、コークス炉へ装入する原料炭は、製造するコークスの目標品質（組成及び強度）に応じて使用する原料炭の銘柄と量を組み合わせる配合を行なう。その配合は、オア・ベッデイング（ｏｒｅｂｅｄｄｉｎｇ）法という方法を採用して行なわれる。この配合方法は、図３に示すように、計算によって配合量の決まった銘柄の異なる各原料炭２（記号Ａ，Ｂ，Ｃ，Ｄで示す）を層状に重ねて山１とし、１回の切り出し量の配合割合が常に一定になるように、縦方向（矢印３で示す）を同時に切り出す技術である。
【００１４】
本発明では、かかる配合方法において、微粉コークスを最下層あるいは最上層を除く層として敷き詰め、その上に順次銘柄の異なる原料炭を積層させるようにした。最上層を除くのは、微粉コークスがヤードにおいて飛散するのを防止するためである。また、微粉コークスは、乾燥及び湿潤状態にあるものをそれぞれ個別にして１層を形成させても良いが、図１に示すように、両者を混合して水分を１２〜１８％程度に調整してから敷き詰めるようにするのが好ましい。その方が、微粉コークスのハンドリングがし易いし、乾燥状態のものの飛散防止にもなるからである。かかるオア・ベッデイングによる配合で、微粉コークスをコークス製造の原料炭に混入させることに何ら問題のないことが判明した。
【００１５】
しかし、この混入が製造されるコークスの品質に悪影響を及ぼすようでは、実用される技術として成り立たない。微粉コークスは、一度乾留を経ているので、揮発分や灰分は少なく、コークスの組成に悪い影響を与えることはないと考えられる。しかし、コークスの強度に対しては、問題が生じる恐れがあった。物理的特性が原料炭と異なるので、それらと融合一体化して塊状体になるかどうかの問題である。そこで、発明者は、微粉コークスの全原料炭配合量に対する割合を種々変更したコークス製造試験を行ない、その配合量のコークス強度への影響を調査した。
【００１６】
その結果、図２に示すように、配合量が１．０質量％になると、タンブラ強度試験法で測定したコークス強度（ＴＩ６：タンブラへ一定量の試料を装入して、所定時間回転し、抜き出した試料を６ｍｍ目の篩で分級させた篩上の試料量に対する割合％で評価）が微粉コークスを配合しない場合より１．２％低下し、０．５質量％の配合では０．５％低下することを確認した。通常、高炉へ装入されるコークスのタンブラ強度は、８４％であり、１％以上の低下があると高炉操業に好ましくないとされている。また、タンブラ強度を１％向上させる技術は、現在のところ存在しない。
【００１７】
従って、本発明では、微粉コークスの原料炭への配合量を０．５質量％以下とすることにした。なお、コークス品質を評価する指数には、上記タンブラ強度の他、平均粒径及び反応性を表す指数もあるが、それらは微粉コークスを配合しない基準コークスの値とほぼ同じで有意差がなく、問題がなかった。
【００１８】
【実施例】
本発明の効果を確認するため、表１に示す原料炭の配合割合でコークスを製造した。その際、以前の操業で回収していた乾式消火及び湿式消火時に発生した微粉コークスも配合炭の一部として利用した。乾留温度は１１５０℃、乾留時間は１２時間である。得られたコークスの品質は、採取した試料をコークス品質評価のために日本工業規格（ＪＩＳ番号もあるはず）で定められた各種試験方法にかけて評価した。その結果を、一括して表２に示す。
【００１９】
表２より、コークス製造過程で発生した微粉コークスを原料炭の一部に配合して製造したコークスでも、高炉へ使用できる品質を確保できることが明らかである。つまり、コークス製造過程での消火方法のいかんにかかわらず、原料炭の一部に有効利用できる。
【００２０】
【表１】
【表２】
【発明の効果】
以上述べたように、本発明により、コークスの製造過程で発生し、従来は廃棄されていた微粉コークスの全量を有効に利用できるようになる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明に係る微粉コークスの再利用方法の工程例を説明する図である。
【図２】コークス強度へ及ぼす微粉コークスの配合量の影響を示す図である。
【図３】一般的なオア・ベッデイング法を説明する斜視図である。
【符号の説明】
１ 原料炭の山
２ 原料炭（Ａ、Ｂ、Ｃ、Ｄは銘柄を示す）
３ 切り出し方向を示す矢印[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for reusing fine coke generated in the coke production process, and more specifically, a part of the raw material charged into the coke oven with fine coke generated when extinguishing red hot coke extruded from the coke oven. It is a technology that can be used effectively.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In general, in steelworks, coke is a combination of multiple brands of coal (each of which is called coking coal) combined in an appropriate combination according to the quality of the coke to be produced, and charged into the coking oven carbonization chamber for dry distillation. It is manufactured by. Therefore, the coke that has been carbonized and still in a red hot state is extruded from the carbonization chamber and then extinguished by a fire extinguishing device. In addition, when blending the plural brands of coking coal, usually, the coking coal is piled up in multiple layers on the yard, and a part of the pile is used using a reclaimer so that the coking coal of each layer is uniformly mixed during use. Is cut out in the height direction.
[0003]
By the way, the fire extinguishing apparatus is classified into a wet system in which water is directly applied to red hot coke and a dry system in which hot air is blown (referred to as CDQ). However, a considerable amount of fine coke (usually one having a particle size of 2.0 mm or less) was generated and was piled up for a long time. However, it is desirable to use this fine coke from the viewpoint of effective use of resources. Therefore, for example, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 61-291926, a technique is proposed in which fine coke generated in the coke production process is used as a fuel for producing sintered ore, which is an iron source for charging a blast furnace. It was done. That is, in order to produce a sintered ore, powdery coke as a heat source is mixed with powdered iron ore, limestone, etc., and agglomerated by the combustion heat of the coke. The above-mentioned JP-A-61-291926 discloses that a fine powder coke recovered by the CDQ is kneaded with a fine powder raw material such as converter dust, sintered dust and water at an appropriate ratio to produce a fuel for manufacturing a sintered ore (hereinafter referred to as “fuel for sintering ore”) This is a technique for obtaining a preferable particle size as a sintering fuel). As a result, it was expected that fine coke in a dry state could be reused while suppressing generation of dust.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, when the sintering fuel produced by the above technique is used, the strength as individual particles is weak, so when it is mixed with other sintering raw materials with a drum mixer, it collapses and the sintering raw materials are used in the sintering machine. When the packed bed is formed on the pallet, it is mixed and unevenly distributed in the packed bed. When the so-called “sintering operation” is performed by igniting in that state, there is a problem that uneven burning occurs in the sintering machine and a preferable operation cannot be performed. Therefore, development of applications that can be used more stably and in large quantities has been eagerly desired.
[0005]
The fine coke produced by CDQ is in a dry state and dust is generated during handling. Fine coke produced by a wet fire extinguisher is in a wet state and needs to be reused by adding a drying process. For reuse, it is expected that handling and drying will be costly.
[0006]
In view of such circumstances, the present invention is a method for reusing fine coke produced in a coke production process that makes it possible to effectively use the entire amount of fine coke produced in the coke production process and conventionally discarded.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The inventor diligently studied to achieve the above object, and the results were embodied in the present invention.
[0008]
That is, according to the present invention, a plurality of brands of coking coal are piled up in layers on a yard, cut out with a reclaimer and mixed uniformly, and then charged into a coke oven and dry-distilled to produce coke. The fine coke generated when extinguishing red coke that has been carbonized in the furnace operation is spread as the first layer of the yard, and multiple brands of coking coal are sequentially stacked on top of the fine coke layer. This is a method of reusing fine coke generated in the coke production process, characterized in that it is charged into a coke oven as part of raw coal.
[0009]
In addition, the present invention is a method for reusing fine coke generated in a coke production process, wherein a mixture of fine coke generated in a dry fire extinguisher and a wet fire extinguisher is used as the fine coke.
[0010]
Furthermore, in the present invention, instead of the first layer of the yard, the amount from the second layer to the layer before the uppermost layer, or the amount laid down in the yard of the fine coke is set to 0. 0 with respect to the total amount of raw coal. It is a recycle method of fine coke generated in the coke production process, characterized by being 5% by mass or less.
[0011]
In the present invention, the fine coke generated in the coke production process, which has not been used so well in the past, was blended so that it could be uniformly mixed with the raw coal charged into the coke oven, and the entire amount was processed effectively. , Resource waste is resolved. And the quality of the coke manufactured does not deteriorate by restrict | limiting a compounding quantity.
[0012]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
[0013]
The fine coke which is the subject of the present invention is produced when extinguishing dry-distilled red hot coke extruded from a coke oven, and has an average particle size of 2.0 mm or less. As described above, the fire extinguishing is performed in a dry type and a wet type, so that the obtained fine coke is likely to be scattered in a dry state with a moisture content of 0 and a slurry close to a slurry with a moisture content of 25 to 30% by mass. There is a thing. In the present invention, these fine coke is immediately transported from the place of occurrence to the raw coal yard and stacked as a part of the raw coal with a predetermined blending amount. That is, the raw coal to be charged into the coke oven is blended by combining the brand and amount of raw coal used according to the target quality (composition and strength) of the coke to be produced. The blending is performed by adopting a method called “or bedding”. In this blending method, as shown in FIG. 3, each coking coal 2 (indicated by symbols A, B, C, and D) having different blending amounts determined by calculation is piled in layers to form a mountain 1. This is a technique for simultaneously cutting out the vertical direction (indicated by an arrow 3) so that the blending ratio of the cutout amount is always constant.
[0014]
In the present invention, in this blending method, fine coke is spread as a lowermost layer or a layer excluding the uppermost layer, and raw coals of different brands are sequentially laminated thereon. The reason for removing the uppermost layer is to prevent fine coke from being scattered in the yard. In addition, fine coke may be formed separately in a dry and wet state, but as shown in FIG. 1, the two are mixed to adjust the water content to about 12 to 18%. It is preferable to lay down afterwards. This is because it is easier to handle fine coke, and also prevents scattering of dried coke. It has been found that there is no problem in mixing fine coke into the raw coal for coke production by blending by such OR bedding.
[0015]
However, if this mixing adversely affects the quality of the coke produced, it cannot be a practical technique. Since finely ground coke has undergone dry distillation once, it has a small amount of volatile matter and ash, and is considered not to adversely affect the composition of coke. However, there is a possibility that a problem may occur with respect to the strength of the coke. Since the physical characteristics are different from those of coking coal, it is a matter of whether or not they are integrated into a lump. Therefore, the inventor conducted a coke production test in which the ratio of fine coke to the total amount of raw coal was variously changed, and investigated the effect of the amount on the coke strength.
[0016]
As a result, as shown in FIG. 2, when the blending amount is 1.0% by mass, the coke strength measured by the tumbler strength test method (TI6: a predetermined amount of sample is charged into the tumbler, and rotated for a predetermined time, The extracted sample was classified by a 6 mm sieve and evaluated as a percentage of the sample amount on the sieve), which was 1.2% lower than when no fine coke was added, and 0.5% by weight of 0.5%. It was confirmed that it decreased. Normally, the tumbler strength of coke charged into the blast furnace is 84%, and a decrease of 1% or more is considered unfavorable for blast furnace operation. Also, there is currently no technology for improving the tumbler strength by 1%.
[0017]
Therefore, in the present invention, the blending amount of fine coke into the raw coal is set to 0.5% by mass or less. In addition to the above tumbler strength, the index for evaluating the coke quality also includes an index representing the average particle diameter and reactivity, but they are almost the same as the value of the standard coke not containing fine coke, and there is no significant difference. There was no problem.
[0018]
【Example】
In order to confirm the effect of the present invention, coke was produced at the blending ratio of raw coal shown in Table 1. At that time, dry fire extinguishing recovered in the previous operation and fine coke generated during wet fire extinguishing were also used as part of the blended coal. The carbonization temperature is 1150 ° C., and the carbonization time is 12 hours. The quality of the obtained coke was evaluated by subjecting the collected samples to various test methods defined by Japanese Industrial Standards (should also have a JIS number) for coke quality evaluation. The results are collectively shown in Table 2.
[0019]
From Table 2, it is clear that even the coke produced by blending fine coke generated in the coke production process with a part of the raw coal can ensure the quality that can be used in the blast furnace. That is, it can be effectively used as a part of coking coal regardless of the fire extinguishing method in the coke production process.
[0020]
[Table 1]
[Table 2]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, the entire amount of fine coke generated in the coke production process and discarded in the past can be used effectively.
[Brief description of the drawings]
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining a process example of a method for reusing fine coke according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the influence of the amount of fine coke blended on coke strength.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view illustrating a general OR bedding method.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Pile of coking coal 2 Coking coal (A, B, C, D indicate brands)
3 Arrows that indicate the cut-out direction
Claims (4)
以前のコークス炉操業で乾留され、赤熱したコークスを消火する際に発生した微粉コークスを、前記ヤードの第一層として敷き詰め、その上に、該微粉コークス層を覆うように複数銘柄の原料炭を順次に積み重ね、原料炭の一部としてコークス炉に装入することを特徴とするコークス製造過程で発生した微粉コークスの再利用方法。In order to produce coke by stacking multiple brands of coking coal in multiple layers on the yard, cutting with a reclaimer and mixing uniformly, charging into a coke oven and dry distillation.
The fine coke generated when extinguishing the coke that has been dry-distilled in the previous coke oven operation and extinguished is laid as the first layer of the yard, and a plurality of brands of coking coal are placed on the fine coke layer so as to cover the fine coke layer. A method for reusing fine coke generated in the coke production process, characterized by being sequentially stacked and charged into a coke oven as part of coking coal.
Priority Applications (1)
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| JP2002100389A JP4003509B2 (en) | 2002-04-02 | 2002-04-02 | Reuse method of fine coke generated in coke production process |
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