JP4002954B2 - Sowing equipment - Google Patents

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Publication number
JP4002954B2
JP4002954B2 JP20281998A JP20281998A JP4002954B2 JP 4002954 B2 JP4002954 B2 JP 4002954B2 JP 20281998 A JP20281998 A JP 20281998A JP 20281998 A JP20281998 A JP 20281998A JP 4002954 B2 JP4002954 B2 JP 4002954B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
seed
seeding
embryo
shutter
suction
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JP20281998A
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Japanese (ja)
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JP2000014210A (en
Inventor
田 久 也 山
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Yanma Agricultural Equipment Co Ltd
National Agriculture and Food Research Organization
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Yanma Agricultural Equipment Co Ltd
National Agriculture and Food Research Organization
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Priority to JP20281998A priority Critical patent/JP4002954B2/en
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【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は例えばキュウリ或いはカボチャ或いはカンピョウ等の野菜苗の接ぎ木作業の前工程にあって、これら偏平状種子の整列播種を行って、苗の子葉を略一定方向に揃えるようにした播種装置に関する。
【0002】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
従来の整列播種にあっては、偏平且つ楕円形種子の長径及び短径方向を一定方向に揃えた播種が行われていたが、例えばカンピョウなどのような特別に大きい大型種子では、長径及び短径方向を一定方向に揃えても胚方向の違いで、胚軸位置が両端のどちらかに偏るため(15〜20mm)、接ぎ木作業を自動化で行う場合挾持ミスが多発するなどして、この接ぎ木作業の精度が極めて悪くなるという不都合があった。
【0003】
【課題を解決するための手段】
したがって本発明は、課題を解決するための手段として、次の如く構成したものである。
【0004】
請求項1においては、種子(A)を搬送する筒状の種子搬送部材と、該搬送部材(6)の出口部に開閉自在に設けて閉時に種子(A)を上面に載置させる播種シャッタ(8)とを備え、これら搬送部材(6)の出口部と播種シャッタ(8)の相対連動によって種子を一定方向に揃えた整列播種を行うようにした播種装置において、種子(A)の胚方向を検出する胚検出装置(38)を設け、該胚検出装置(38)により、播種トレイ(1)上に播種された後の種子(A)の胚方向を検出するように構成したものであるぁ
【0005】
請求項2においては、請求項1記載の播種装置において、種子(A)の胚方向を修正する種子修正整列装置(40)を設け、前記播種トレイ(1)上に播種された後の、種子(A)の胚方向を、該種子修正整列装置(40)で修正するように構成したものである。
【0006】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の実施例を図面に基づいて詳述する。
【0007】
図1は播種装置の全体側面図、図2は播種機の側面図、図3は同正面図である。
【0008】
例えば8×16穴のポットを有するトレイ(1)を搬送する播種コンベア(2)上に播種機(3)を配備させるもので、前記播種機(3)は、キュウリ或いはカボチャ或いはカンピョウなどの偏平種子(A)を貯留する種子ホッパ(4)と、前記ホッパ(4)内から1粒の種子(A)を吸着して一定高さ上昇させる横一列8つの種子台(5)と、一定高さ上昇させる種子台(5)上端の種子(A)を送風機からの送風圧(負圧)でもって吸引して播種位置まで搬送する種子搬送部材である逆U字形の搬送パイプ(6)とから構成している。
【0009】
前記搬送パイプ(6)の出口下方位置に配設して該パイプ(6)からの種子(A)を投入する播種ガイド(7)と、前記播種ガイド(7)の下端開口部を開閉する播種シャッタ(8)と、図7に示す如く前記播種シャッタ(8)の前方位置に配設して播種トレイ(1)の各ポット(1a)内に充填される養土(B)表面に側面視V字形の播種溝(C)を形成する鎮圧具(9)とを備え、前記鎮圧具(9)によって形成される播種溝(C)上に、前記シャッタ(8)の開時に播種ガイド(7)より放出される種子(A)を落下させて播種を行うように構成している。
【0010】
図4乃至図6にも示す如く、前記種子ホッパ(4)は側面及び正面からの断面形状をV字形状に形成し、上部及び下部の開口部(10)(11)を平面視長方形状に形成する一方、下部開口部(11)に正面視山形の仕切り板(12)を設けて、各種子台(5)に対応する開口(11a)を仕切り板(12)間及びホッパ(4)側板と仕切り板(12)間にそれぞれ形成している。そして空気流通孔(13)を中央部に貫設する円柱形の各種子台(5)下端を連結フレーム(14)に立設固定させると共に、播種機(3)の播種フレーム(15)に固設する種子昇降シリンダ(16)のピストンロッド(17)先端に連結フレーム(14)を介して前記種子台(5)下端を連結支持させて、前記ホッパ(4)内に下部開口(11a)より種子台(5)を上下動自在に臨ませるように構成している。
【0011】
前記種子台(5)上端には、Oリング(18)を介し種子吸着ノズル(19)を取外し自在に嵌着させるもので、該ノズル(19)の上端円錐面中央の平坦部(19a)には前記流通孔(13)に連通させる小径(約0.5〜1mm)の種子吸着孔(20)を開設する一方、前記流通孔(13)下部をホース(21a)などを介し真空ポンプなど吸引機やコンプレッサー或いは送風機に連通接続させて、前記シリンダ(16)により種子台(5)の一定高さ上昇時に各ノズル(19)の吸着孔(20)に各1粒毎の種子を吸着して上昇させるように構成している。そして吸着孔(20)の孔径の異なるノズル(19)との取替えを容易とさせて、種子(A)の品種や形状に対応させた吸着孔(20)のノズル(19)を用いて、該ノズル(19)の1粒吸着精度を向上させるように構成している。
【0012】
また、前記種子ホッパ(5)の上方位置に、エアエゼクタ(22)及びエアブロー部(23)を一体形成する種子吸引体(24)を配設させ、8本の各搬送パイプ(6)の入口側を吸引体(24)にボルト(25)を介し取外し自在に連通接続させるもので、前記吸引体(24)は各種子台(5)に対応する吸引筒(26)を下部にそれぞれ内設させ、吸引筒(26)の下部に形成する下傾斜の空気噴出孔(27)によってエアブロー部(23)を形成すると共に、吸引筒(26)の上部に形成する上傾斜の空気噴出孔(28)と、噴出孔(28)に沿う吸引体(24)の空気流通路(29)のテーパ面(29a)と、吸引筒(26)の内径通路(30)とでエゼクタ(22)を形成している。そして、各噴出孔(27)(28)をホース(21b)(21c)などを介しコンプレッサー或いは送風機に連通接続させて、前記種子台(5)の上昇時には前記ノズル(19)の吸着孔(20)に吸着する種子(A)に対し、エアブロー部(23)から空気を噴出させて、吸着する以外の種子などを吹き飛ばし落下させると共に、エアブロー部(23)の空気噴出の停止、また吸着孔(20)の吸引の停止状態で、前記エゼクタ(22)において噴出孔(28)からの噴出流によって吸引筒(26)の内径通路(30)に負圧に伴う吸引流が発生するとき、前記ノズル(19)上面の種子(A)をこの吸引流で吸込んで播種位置まで気流搬送するように構成している。
【0013】
また、前記空気噴出孔(27)(28)は吸引筒(26)の外周円周状に例えば3ケ所(120゜間隔)に設け、噴出孔(27)(28)の孔径や噴出方向(角度)の異なる吸引筒(26)との取替えを自在に吸引体(24)に嵌合固定させて、種子(A)の品種や形状に適正に対応させた空気噴出を行うように構成している。なお噴出孔(27)(28)の噴出方向(角度)や孔径の異なる吸引筒(26)の取換以外に、噴出孔(27)(28)の噴出方向(角度)や孔径を直接的に調節可能とする構成でも良い。
【0014】
図7に示す如く、前記播種ガイド(7)は搬送パイプ(6)の出口側に一体接続する放出ガイド(31)の出口下方に、上部をV形状とする種子投入穴(32)を臨ませ、該投入穴(32)の下側をシャッタ開閉シリンダ(33)によりシャッタ(8)で閉塞するとき、搬送パイプ(6)からの種子(A)を投入穴(32)内でシャッタ(8)上に滞留させ、シャッタ開閉シリンダ(33)によってシャッタ(8)を開とさせるとき、投入穴(32)内で種子(A)の姿勢を整えてトレイ(1)内に落下させ、前記鎮圧具(9)の昇降シリンダ(34)の下降動作時に鎮圧具(9)によって形成される播種溝(C)上に種子(A)の播種を行うように構成している。
【0015】
ところで図1に示す如く、播種装置は播種コンベア(2)上にトレイ(1)を送給するトレイ自動供給装置(35)と、コンベア(2)上のトレイ(1)に養土ホッパ(36a)内の養土を充填しその後灌水を行う養土充填灌水装置(36)と、前記播種機(3)と、播種後のトレイ(1)に覆土及び灌水を行う覆土潅水装置(37)とを備え、コンベア(2)でトレイ(1)を搬送中に、トレイ(1)に養土充填・播種・覆土の一連の作業を自動で行うように構成している。
【0016】
図8に示す如く、前記シャッタ(8)の開動作時には2段階の開動作を行って、各ガイド(7)内の種子(A)の長径及び短径方向を一定方向(シャッタ(8)の移動方向に対し短径方向を同一で長径方向を直交)に揃えるもので、前記シャッタ(8)の開動初期の1段階目ではシャッタ(8)を少し開いて円筒形のガイド(7)の内壁に種子(A)の長径側側面を接触させて整列させ、次にシャッタ(8)を元の全閉位置に戻したときには、倒立している種子(A)も倒して横向きとさせ、その後の2段階目の全開動作時にはガイド(7)で全ての種子(A)の長径側側面を接触させて整列させると共に、種子(A)の落下位置を規制して、長径側を横向き姿勢に方向を揃えた種子(A)を定位置のトレイ(1)内養土(B)の播種溝(C)に落下させて、整列精度を向上させた播種を行うように構成している。つまり播種シャッタ(8)を開閉側の一方向に動かした後に反対方向に動かして(1段階目)、その後全開(2段階目)とさせるように2段階の開動作を行うように設けて整列精度を向上させるもので、この動作を複数回繰返し行っても良い。
【0017】
なお、上述においては播種ガイド(7)下面にシャッタ(8)を摺接させたが、搬送パイプ(6)或いは放出ガイド(31)の先端面に直接的にシャッタ(8)を摺接させても良い。
【0018】
また、前記コンベア(2)での播種機(3)と覆土潅水装置(37)との間には、整列播種後の種子(A)の胚方向をCCDカメラ或いはレーザセンサなど胚検出装置である胚センサ(38)で検出する種子視覚装置(39)と、種子(A)の胚(先細り)方向を修正する種子修正整列装置(40)とを配設して、カンピョウなどのような特に大きな大型種子(A)の場合には、図2にも示す如く前記シャッタ(8)の2段階の開動作によって、長径方向を横向き(左右方向)に姿勢が揃えられた種子(A)が胚センサ(38)位置まで移動してきたときには、該センサ(38)によって種子(A)の胚方向の検出が行われると共に、胚方向が異なるときには整列装置(40)によって種子(A)姿勢に修正が加えられて胚方向を一致させるように構成している。
【0019】
図9、図10に示す如く、前記整列装置(40)は、基端を開閉軸(41)に回動自在に支持して先端側で種子(A)を挾持する1組の板状挾持爪(42a)(42b)と、1組の挾持爪(42a)(42b)間に介設する挾持用バネ(43)と、1組の挾持爪(42a)(42b)間に介設してバネ(43)力に抗し爪(42a)(42b)先端側を開動作させる開閉カム(44)と、前記開閉軸(41)と開閉カム(44)のカム軸(44a)を取付けて爪(42a)(42b)を支持する爪フレーム(45)のシリンダ或いはモータなどからなる爪昇降部材(46)と、1組の挾持爪(42a)(42b)を爪(42a)(42b)間中央の縦軸回りで水平回転させるモータなどからなる爪回動部材(47)とを備え、図11に示す如くトレイ(1)内の種子(A)の胚(先細り)方向が整列方向と異なるときには、前記昇降部材(46)によって開状態の爪(42a)(42b)を下動させ(イ)、開閉カム(44)によって爪先端側を狭めて種子(A)を挾持し(ロ)、挾持後は昇降部材(46)によって爪(42a)(42b)を上動させて種子(A)を一定高さまで持上げて、回動部材(47)によって種子(A)を180度方向転換させ(ハ)、その後再び種子(A)を元のトレイ(1)の養土上に戻して爪(42a)(42b)を開とさせ(ニ)、元の上動位置に爪(42a)(42b)を復帰させるものである。
【0020】
而して、該実施構造の場合既存の播種機(3)と灌水装置(37)間に、必要に応じ視覚装置(39)及び整列装置(40)を容易に組込んで、種子(A)の長径及び短径方向と、胚方向を一定方向に揃えた高精度な播種が行えるもので、例えばキュウリのような胚方向の影響を受けない小型種子においては、視覚装置(39)及び整列装置(40)の設置を不用とさせて、コスト低減を図るものである。
【0021】
また、図12に示すものは、前記整列装置(40)によって、トレイ(1)の養土(B)上の種子(A)を皿形の吸着パッド(48)に吸着させて、前述同様方向転換させるようにしたもので、吸着パッド(48)を下端に取付ける吸引管(49)と、吸引管(49)の基端側と真空ポンプなど吸引機とを連通接続させる吸引ホース(50)と、吸引管(49)を介し吸着パッド(48)を昇降させるパッド昇降部材(46)と、吸着パッド(48)の中心縦軸回りに回転させるパッド回動部材(47)とを備え、前述同様種子(A)の胚(先細り)方向が整列方向と異なるときには、パッド(48)に種子(A)を吸着させて、方向を180度方向転換させるように構成したものである。
【0022】
さらに、図12、図13に示すものは、前記視覚装置(39)及び整列装置(40)を播種機(3)に一体的に組込むもので、前記放出ガイド(31)を透明体に設け、放出ガイド(31)の外側近傍に前記胚センサ(38)を設けて、ガイド(31)内でシャッタ(8)上の種子(A)の胚方向を胚センサ(38)によって検出させ、昇降自在に設ける放出ガイド(31)の下側を直接的にシャッタ(8)で閉塞させる一方、吸引管(49)を介し吸着パッド(48)を縦軸回りに回転させるモータなどからなるパッド回動部材(51)と、該回動部材(51)と一体に吸着パッド(48)を放出ガイド(31)位置より後退させるシリンダ或いはモータなどからなるパッド前後進部材(52)と、該前後進部材(52)を上下動させるシリンダなどからなるパッド昇降部材(53)を設け、前記胚センサ(38)でシャッタ(8)上の種子(A)の胚方向の違いを検出するとき、放出ガイド(31)を上動させて種子(A)の上方位置まで前後進部材(52)によって吸着パッド(48)を前進させ、昇降部材(53)によって吸着パッド(48)を下動させて該パッド(48)に種子(A)を吸着させ、その後吸着パッド(48)をその下動位置で或いは上動させて180度方向転換させて、胚方向を設定の一定方向に揃えるように構成したものである。
【0023】
而して、前述のトレイ(1)上の種子(A)を胚センサ(38)で検出するものに比べ、フラットなシャッタ(8)上のため画像処理時にあって養土などの背景外乱の影響を受けることなく良好な処理が行われて、高精度な検出が行われると共に、胚方向修正時にはその都度種子(A)を持上げることなくシャッタ(8)上面上で滑動させてのスムーズな方向転換も可能とさせることができる。
【0024】
なお、胚センサ(38)は種子(A)の胚方向を検出するばかりでなく、種子(A)の欠粒や2粒播種も検出して、確実な1粒播種を行って播種精度を向上させることができるものである。
【0025】
【発明の効果】
以上実施例から明らかなように本発明は、種子(A)を搬送する筒状の種子搬送部材と、該搬送部材(6)の出口部に開閉自在に設けて閉時に種子(A)を上面に載置させる播種シャッタ(8)とを備え、これら搬送部材(6)の出口部と播種シャッタ(8)の相対連動によって種子を一定方向に揃えた整列播種を行うようにした播種装置において、種子(A)の胚方向を検出する胚検出装置(38)を設け、該胚検出装置(38)により、播種トレイ(1)上に播種された後の種子(A)の胚方向を検出するように構成したものであるから、カンピョウなどのような特別に大きい大型種子においては、従来の長径及び短径方向ばかりでなく胚方向も考慮した後処理の接ぎ木作業に最良の播種を可能とさせることができると共に、欠粒や2粒播種も検出して播種精度を向上させることができるものである。
【0026】
さらに、播種トレイ(1)上に播種後の種子(A)の胚方向を胚検出装置(38)で検出するものであるから、従来の播種装置にこの検出装置(38)を容易に組込んで、播種後の実際の胚方向を検出して、検出精度を向上させることができるものである。
【0027】
請求項2の如く、種子(A)の胚方向を修正する種子修正整列装置(40)を設け、前記播種トレイ(1)上に播種された後の、種子(A)の胚方向を、該種子修正整列装置(40)で修正するように構成したものであるから、カンピョウなどのような特別に大きい大型種子(A)においては、従来の長径及び短径の方向ばかりでなく、胚方向も一方向に揃えた播種を行って、後処理の接ぎ木作業の能率向上化を図ることができるものである。
【0028】
さらに、播種トレイ(1)上に播種された種子(A)の胚方向を種子修正整列装置(40)で修正するものであるから、播種後の種子の胚方向を実際に修正し、胚方向を一定方向に揃えた確実な整列播種を可能とさせることができるものである。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】 播種装置の全体側面図である。
【図2】 播種機の側面図である。
【図3】 播種機の正面図である。
【図4】 種子ホッパの種子取出説明図である。
【図5】 種子ホッパの断面説明図である。
【図6】 エゼクタ及びエアブロー部の説明図である。
【図7】 播種部の説明図である。
【図8】 播種シャッタの動作説明図である。
【図9】 挾持爪を有する種子修正整列装置の説明図である。
【図10】 挾持爪部の斜視説明図である。
【図11】 挾持爪の動作説明図である。
【図12】 吸着パッドを有する種子修正整列装置の説明図である。
【図13】 吸着パッド部が移動自在な種子修正整列装置の説明図である。
【図14】 胚センサの設置例を示す説明図である。
【符号の説明】
(1)播種トレイ
(6)搬送パイプ(搬送部材)
(8)播種シャッタ
(38)胚センサ(胚検出装置)
(40)種子修正整列装置
(A)種子
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a seeding device in a pre-process of grafting vegetable seedlings such as cucumbers, pumpkins, camphors, etc., by arranging and sowing these flat seeds so that the cotyledons of the seedlings are aligned in a substantially constant direction.
[0002]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In conventional aligned sowing, sowing of flat and elliptical seeds in which the major axis and minor axis direction are aligned in a certain direction has been performed. However, in the case of a particularly large large seed such as camper, the major and minor seeds are arranged. Even if the radial direction is aligned to a certain direction, the embryonic axis position is biased to either end (15-20mm) due to the difference in embryonic direction (15-20mm). There was an inconvenience that the accuracy of work was extremely deteriorated.
[0003]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
Therefore, the present invention is configured as follows as means for solving the problems.
[0004]
In Claim 1, the cylindrical seed conveyance member which conveys a seed (A), and the seeding shutter which can be freely opened and closed in the exit part of this conveyance member (6), and mounts a seed (A) on an upper surface at the time of closing (8), and a seeding device in which seeds are aligned and seeded in a fixed direction by relative interlocking of the outlet part of the conveying member (6) and the seeding shutter (8). An embryo detection device (38) for detecting the direction is provided, and the embryo detection device (38) is configured to detect the embryo direction of the seed (A) after being sown on the seeding tray (1). There is [0005]
In the seeding device according to claim 1, the seed after the seed is arranged on the sowing tray (1) by providing the seed correcting and aligning device (40) for correcting the embryo direction of the seed (A) in the sowing device according to claim 1 The embryo direction of (A) is configured to be corrected by the seed correction alignment device (40) .
[0006]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings.
[0007]
1 is an overall side view of the seeding device, FIG. 2 is a side view of the seeding machine, and FIG. 3 is a front view thereof.
[0008]
For example, a seeding machine (3) is arranged on a seeding conveyor (2) for transporting a tray (1) having a pot of 8 × 16 holes, and the seeding machine (3) is flattened such as cucumber, pumpkin or campy. A seed hopper (4) for storing seeds (A), a horizontal row of eight seed platforms (5) for adsorbing one seed (A) from the hopper (4) and raising the height by a certain height, and a constant height From an inverted U-shaped transport pipe (6), which is a seed transport member that sucks the seed (A) at the upper end of the seed stand (5) with the air pressure (negative pressure) from the blower and transports it to the sowing position. It is composed.
[0009]
A seeding guide (7) disposed at a position below the outlet of the transport pipe (6) to put seeds (A) from the pipe (6), and a seeding for opening and closing a lower end opening of the seeding guide (7) A side view of the shutter (8) and the surface of the soil (B) disposed in front of the sowing shutter (8) and filled in each pot (1a) of the sowing tray (1) as shown in FIG. A pressure suppressor (9) for forming a V-shaped seeding groove (C), and a seeding guide (7) when the shutter (8) is opened on the seeding groove (C) formed by the pressure suppressor (9). ) So that seeds (A) released from the plant are dropped and sowed.
[0010]
As shown in FIGS. 4 to 6, the seed hopper (4) is formed in a V-shaped cross section from the side and front, and the upper and lower openings (10) and (11) are rectangular in plan view. On the other hand, a partition plate (12) having a mountain shape in front view is provided in the lower opening (11), and openings (11a) corresponding to the various child bases (5) are provided between the partition plates (12) and the hopper (4) side plate. And the partition plate (12). The lower ends of various cylindrical child bases (5) penetrating the air circulation hole (13) in the center are fixed to the connection frame (14) and fixed to the seeding frame (15) of the seeder (3). A lower end (11a) is provided in the hopper (4) by connecting and supporting the lower end of the seed stand (5) via a connecting frame (14) to the tip of a piston rod (17) of a seed lifting cylinder (16). It is comprised so that a seed stand (5) may face up and down freely.
[0011]
A seed adsorption nozzle (19) is detachably fitted to the upper end of the seed base (5) via an O-ring (18), and is fitted to a flat portion (19a) at the center of the upper end conical surface of the nozzle (19). Opens a small-diameter (about 0.5 to 1 mm) seed adsorption hole (20) communicating with the flow hole (13), while suctioning the lower part of the flow hole (13) through a hose (21a) or the like with a vacuum pump. The cylinder (16) adsorbs seeds for each grain to the suction holes (20) of the nozzles (19) when the seed stand (5) is raised to a certain height by communicating with a compressor, a compressor or a blower. It is configured to raise. Then, the nozzle (19) of the suction hole (20) corresponding to the variety and shape of the seed (A) can be easily replaced with a nozzle (19) having a different hole diameter of the suction hole (20). The nozzle (19) is configured to improve the accuracy of single particle adsorption.
[0012]
A seed suction body (24) that integrally forms an air ejector (22) and an air blow section (23) is disposed above the seed hopper (5), and the inlet side of each of the eight transport pipes (6). The suction body (24) is detachably connected to the suction body (24) via a bolt (25), and the suction body (24) has suction cylinders (26) corresponding to the various child bases (5) provided in the lower part thereof. The air blowing portion (23) is formed by the lower inclined air ejection hole (27) formed in the lower part of the suction cylinder (26), and the upper inclined air ejection hole (28) formed in the upper part of the suction cylinder (26). And the tapered surface (29a) of the air flow passage (29) of the suction body (24) along the ejection hole (28) and the inner diameter passage (30) of the suction cylinder (26) form an ejector (22). Yes. Then, each ejection hole (27) (28) is connected to a compressor or a blower via a hose (21b) (21c) or the like so that the suction hole (20) of the nozzle (19) is raised when the seed stand (5) is raised. The seed (A) adsorbed on the air blow unit (23) is blown out of the air blow unit (23) to blow off and drop seeds other than the adsorbed seed, and the air blow unit (23) is stopped from blowing air, and the adsorbing hole ( 20) When the suction flow in the inner diameter passage (30) of the suction cylinder (26) is generated in the inner diameter passage (30) of the suction cylinder (26) by the jet flow from the jet hole (28) in the ejector (22) in the suction stopped state of the ejector (22). (19) The top surface seed (A) is sucked by this suction flow and is conveyed to the sowing position by airflow.
[0013]
The air ejection holes (27) and (28) are provided, for example, at three locations (at intervals of 120 °) on the outer circumference of the suction cylinder (26), and the diameter and direction (angle) of the ejection holes (27) and (28). The suction cylinder (26) is replaced with the suction body (24) freely, and the air is blown out appropriately according to the type and shape of the seed (A). . In addition to the replacement of the suction cylinders (26) with different ejection diameters (27), (28) and ejection diameters (26), the ejection directions (angles) and the bore diameters of the ejection holes (27), (28) are directly set. It may be configured to be adjustable.
[0014]
As shown in FIG. 7, the seeding guide (7) has a seed introduction hole (32) with an upper portion formed in a V shape below the outlet of the discharge guide (31) integrally connected to the outlet side of the transport pipe (6). When the lower side of the insertion hole (32) is closed with the shutter (8) by the shutter opening / closing cylinder (33), the seed (A) from the transport pipe (6) is put into the shutter (8) in the insertion hole (32). When the shutter (8) is opened by the shutter opening / closing cylinder (33), the posture of the seed (A) is adjusted in the insertion hole (32) and dropped into the tray (1), and the pressure suppressor The seed (A) is sowed on the sowing groove (C) formed by the pressure suppressor (9) when the elevating cylinder (34) is lowered in (9).
[0015]
By the way, as shown in FIG. 1, the seeding device includes a tray automatic supply device (35) for feeding the tray (1) onto the seeding conveyor (2), and a soil hopper (36a) on the tray (1) on the conveyor (2). ) A soil-filling irrigation device (36) for filling the soil in the soil and then irrigating, the seeder (3), and a soil-covering irrigation device (37) for covering and irrigating the tray (1) after sowing The tray (1) is configured to automatically perform a series of soil filling / sowing / covering operations while the tray (1) is being conveyed by the conveyor (2).
[0016]
As shown in FIG. 8, when the shutter (8) is opened, a two-stage opening operation is performed, and the major axis and minor axis direction of the seed (A) in each guide (7) is set to a fixed direction (shutter (8)). In the first stage of the opening of the shutter (8), the shutter (8) is opened slightly to open the inner wall of the cylindrical guide (7). When the shutter (8) is returned to the original fully closed position, the inverted seed (A) is also tilted and turned sideways. When the second stage is fully opened, the guide (7) contacts and aligns the long side surfaces of all the seeds (A) and regulates the drop position of the seeds (A) so that the long diameter side is in a lateral orientation. The seeds (A) that have been prepared are placed in a tray (1) in a fixed position. It is dropped to, and configured to perform seeding with improved alignment accuracy. In other words, the sowing shutter (8) is moved in one direction on the opening and closing side, then moved in the opposite direction (first stage), and then opened and arranged in two stages so as to be fully opened (second stage). In order to improve accuracy, this operation may be repeated a plurality of times.
[0017]
In the above description, the shutter (8) is brought into sliding contact with the lower surface of the seeding guide (7). However, the shutter (8) is brought into sliding contact directly with the front end surface of the transport pipe (6) or the discharge guide (31). Also good.
[0018]
Further, between the seeder (3) and the soil covering watering device (37) on the conveyor (2), the embryo direction of the seed (A) after the aligned sowing is an embryo detection device such as a CCD camera or a laser sensor. A seed visual device (39) to be detected by the embryo sensor (38) and a seed correction alignment device (40) for correcting the embryo (taper) direction of the seed (A) are arranged to be particularly large, such as camphor. In the case of a large seed (A), as shown in FIG. 2, the seed (A) whose posture is aligned sideways (left and right) in the major axis direction by the opening operation of the shutter (8) as shown in FIG. (38) When moving to the position, the sensor (38) detects the embryo direction of the seed (A), and when the embryo direction is different, the alignment device (40) corrects the seed (A) posture. To match the embryo direction It is sea urchin configuration.
[0019]
As shown in FIG. 9 and FIG. 10, the alignment device (40) is a set of plate-like gripping claws for supporting the seed (A) on the tip side by rotatably supporting the base end on the opening / closing shaft (41). (42a) (42b), a clamping spring (43) interposed between a pair of clamping claws (42a) (42b), and a spring interposed between a pair of clamping claws (42a) (42b) (43) An opening / closing cam (44) that opens the claw (42a) (42b) against the force and a cam shaft (44a) of the opening / closing shaft (41) and the opening / closing cam (44). 42a) (42b) nail elevating member (46) consisting of a cylinder or motor of the nail frame (45) for supporting and a pair of holding claws (42a) (42b) at the center between the nail (42a) (42b) A claw rotating member (47) made of a motor that rotates horizontally around the vertical axis, as shown in FIG. When the embryo (taper) direction of the seed (A) in the tray (1) is different from the alignment direction, the open / close member (46) lowers the opened claws (42a) and (42b) (b), thereby opening and closing cams. (44) narrows the tip of the nail and holds the seed (A) (b). After holding, the nail (42a) (42b) is moved up by the elevating member (46) to bring the seed (A) to a certain height. Then, the seed (A) is turned 180 degrees by the rotating member (47) (c), and then the seed (A) is returned again to the original nourishment of the tray (1) and the claws (42a) (42b). ) Is opened (d), and the claws (42a) and (42b) are returned to their original upward movement positions.
[0020]
Thus, in the case of the embodiment structure, a visual device (39) and an alignment device (40) are easily incorporated between the existing seeding machine (3) and the irrigation device (37) as necessary, and the seed (A) In the case of small seeds that are not affected by the embryo direction such as cucumber, for example, the visual device (39) and the alignment device The installation of (40) is not required and the cost is reduced.
[0021]
Further, in FIG. 12, the alignment device (40) causes the seed (A) on the soil (B) of the tray (1) to be adsorbed to the dish-shaped adsorption pad (48), and the same direction as described above. A suction pipe (49) for attaching the suction pad (48) to the lower end, a suction hose (50) for connecting the proximal end side of the suction pipe (49) and a suction machine such as a vacuum pump, etc. A pad elevating member (46) for elevating and lowering the suction pad (48) via the suction pipe (49), and a pad rotating member (47) for rotating about the central longitudinal axis of the suction pad (48). When the embryo (taper) direction of the seed (A) is different from the alignment direction, the seed (A) is adsorbed to the pad (48) and the direction is changed by 180 degrees.
[0022]
Furthermore, what is shown in FIG. 12 and FIG. 13 is the one in which the visual device (39) and the alignment device (40) are integrated into the seeding machine (3), and the discharge guide (31) is provided on the transparent body. The embryo sensor (38) is provided in the vicinity of the outside of the release guide (31), and the embryo direction of the seed (A) on the shutter (8) is detected by the embryo sensor (38) in the guide (31) to freely move up and down. A pad rotating member comprising a motor or the like for rotating the suction pad (48) about the vertical axis through the suction pipe (49) while directly closing the lower side of the discharge guide (31) provided on the shutter with the shutter (8) (51), a pad advancing member (52) made of a cylinder or a motor for moving the suction pad (48) backward from the position of the discharge guide (31) integrally with the rotating member (51), and the advancing member ( 52) is moved up and down. When a difference in the embryo direction of the seed (A) on the shutter (8) is detected by the embryo sensor (38), the release guide (31) is moved up. The suction pad (48) is advanced by the forward / backward moving member (52) to a position above the seed (A), and the suction pad (48) is moved downward by the elevating member (53), and the seed (A) is moved to the pad (48). And then the suction pad (48) is moved at its lower position or upward to change its direction by 180 degrees, so that the embryo direction is aligned with a predetermined direction.
[0023]
Thus, compared to the above-described one in which the seed (A) on the tray (1) is detected by the embryo sensor (38), it is on the flat shutter (8), so it is used for image processing and is not subject to background disturbances such as soil culture. Good processing is performed without being affected, high-precision detection is performed, and smoothness is achieved by sliding on the upper surface of the shutter (8) without lifting the seed (A) each time the embryo direction is corrected. A change of direction can also be made possible.
[0024]
The embryo sensor (38) not only detects the embryo direction of the seed (A), but also detects the seed (A) missing seed and two seeds so as to improve the sowing accuracy by seeding one seed. It can be made to.
[0025]
【The invention's effect】
As is apparent from the above embodiments, the present invention provides a cylindrical seed transport member for transporting the seed (A), and an openable and closable opening at the outlet of the transport member (6). A seeding shutter (8) to be placed on the seeding device, and a seeding device in which seeds are aligned and seeded in a fixed direction by relative interlocking of the outlet part of these transport members (6) and the seeding shutter (8), An embryo detection device (38) for detecting the embryo direction of the seed (A) is provided, and the embryo direction of the seed (A) after being seeded on the seeding tray (1) is detected by the embryo detection device (38). In the case of specially large large seeds such as camper, the best sowing is possible for the post-treatment grafting work considering not only the conventional major axis and minor axis direction but also the embryo direction. As well as missing or 2 grains Those capable of seeds also improve the seeding accuracy by detecting.
[0026]
Furthermore, since the embryo detection device (38) detects the embryo direction of the seed (A) after seeding on the seeding tray (1), the detection device (38) is easily incorporated into the conventional seeding device. Thus, the detection accuracy can be improved by detecting the actual embryo direction after sowing.
[0027]
The seed correction alignment apparatus (40) for correcting the embryo direction of the seed (A) is provided as in claim 2, and the embryo direction of the seed (A) after being seeded on the sowing tray (1) is Since it is configured so as to be corrected by the seed correcting and aligning device (40), in the case of a particularly large large seed (A) such as camper, not only the direction of the major axis and the minor axis but also the direction of the embryo By sowing in one direction, it is possible to improve the efficiency of post-processing grafting work.
[0028]
Further, since the embryo direction of the seed (A) seeded on the seeding tray (1) is corrected by the seed correction alignment device (40), the embryo direction of the seed after seeding is actually corrected, and the embryo direction Thus, it is possible to make surely sowing seeds aligned in a certain direction.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an overall side view of a seeding device.
FIG. 2 is a side view of a seeder.
FIG. 3 is a front view of a seeder.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory view of seed removal from a seed hopper.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional explanatory view of a seed hopper.
FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of an ejector and an air blower.
FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of a seeding unit.
FIG. 8 is an operation explanatory diagram of a seeding shutter.
FIG. 9 is an explanatory view of a seed correcting and aligning device having a holding claw.
FIG. 10 is a perspective explanatory view of a gripping claw portion.
FIG. 11 is an operation explanatory view of a gripping claw.
FIG. 12 is an explanatory view of a seed correcting and aligning apparatus having a suction pad.
FIG. 13 is an explanatory view of a seed correcting and aligning apparatus in which the suction pad portion is movable.
FIG. 14 is an explanatory view showing an installation example of an embryo sensor.
[Explanation of symbols]
(1) Sowing tray (6) Conveying pipe (conveying member)
(8) Seeding shutter (38) Embryo sensor (embryo detection device)
(40) Seed correction alignment device (A) Seed

Claims (2)

種子(A)を搬送する筒状の種子搬送部材と、該搬送部材(6)の出口部に開閉自在に設けて閉時に種子(A)を上面に載置させる播種シャッタ(8)とを備え、これら搬送部材(6)の出口部と播種シャッタ(8)の相対連動によって種子を一定方向に揃えた整列播種を行うようにした播種装置において、種子(A)の胚方向を検出する胚検出装置(38)を設け、該胚検出装置(38)により、播種トレイ(1)上に播種された後の種子(A)の胚方向を検出するように構成したことを特徴とする播種装置。 A cylindrical seed transporting member that transports seeds (A), and a seeding shutter (8) that is provided at the outlet of the transporting member (6) so as to be openable and closable so that the seed (A) is placed on the upper surface when closed. Embryo detection for detecting the embryo direction of the seed (A) in a seeding device in which seeds are aligned and seeded in a certain direction by relative interlocking of the outlet part of the conveying member (6) and the seeding shutter (8) A seeding device comprising: a device (38), and configured to detect the embryo direction of the seed (A) after being seeded on the seeding tray (1) by the embryo detection device (38) . 請求項1記載の播種装置において、種子(A)の胚方向を修正する種子修正整列装置(40)を設け、前記播種トレイ(1)上に播種された後の、種子(A)の胚方向を、該種子修正整列装置(40)で修正するように構成したことを特徴とする播種装置。 The seeding device according to claim 1, wherein a seed correcting and aligning device (40) for correcting the embryo direction of the seed (A) is provided, and the seed (A) embryo direction after being seeded on the seeding tray (1) The seeding device is characterized in that it is configured to be corrected by the seed correcting and aligning device (40) .
JP20281998A 1998-07-01 1998-07-01 Sowing equipment Expired - Fee Related JP4002954B2 (en)

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CN102918959A (en) * 2012-12-04 2013-02-13 西北农林科技大学 Large-seed directional seeding device

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