JP3962895B2 - Construction method of improved soil - Google Patents

Construction method of improved soil Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3962895B2
JP3962895B2 JP2001243160A JP2001243160A JP3962895B2 JP 3962895 B2 JP3962895 B2 JP 3962895B2 JP 2001243160 A JP2001243160 A JP 2001243160A JP 2001243160 A JP2001243160 A JP 2001243160A JP 3962895 B2 JP3962895 B2 JP 3962895B2
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Prior art keywords
soil
improved soil
improved
acidic
treated
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JP2003055948A (en
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英夫 杉本
俊也 岡田
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Obayashi Corp
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Obayashi Corp
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  • Investigation Of Foundation Soil And Reinforcement Of Foundation Soil By Compacting Or Drainage (AREA)
  • Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、主として緑化を行う際に使用される改良土の施工方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
SMW(ソイルセメント柱列壁)工法や、地中連続壁工法、シールド工法といった泥水工法においては、建設泥土が多量に発生する。また、水質汚染を防止するため、その原因となるヘドロ層を浚渫によって除去することがあるが、かかる浚渫工事においても浚渫泥土が多量に発生する。
【0003】
このような発生土は、従来であれば脱水、pH処理といった処理を経た後、産業廃棄物として処分されることが多かったが、資源の有効利用や環境保護あるいは処分コストの低減といった観点から言えば、できるだけ再利用されることが望ましい。
【0004】
このような背景の下、最近では、発生土にセメント系材料または石灰系材料を添加混合して強度を改善し、かかる処理土を盛土材、法面形成材、遮水壁の構築材あるいは裏込め等の空洞充填材として有効利用されることが多くなってきた。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、かかる処理土が使用された箇所では、セメント系材料や石灰系材料が添加されている関係上、アルカリ性が強くて植物の生育に適さない環境となり、緑化することが非常に困難となるという問題を生じていた。
【0006】
なお、どうしても緑化が必要な場合には、健全な良質土を客土するか、硫酸、硫酸第一鉄、イオウ華といった薬剤を添加して中和する等の方法が考えられなくもないが、前者の方法ではコストがかかりすぎるという問題が生じ、後者の方法では、薬剤が危険物であるので取り扱いに十分な配慮が必要になるとともに作業にあたっては有資格者が必要となるという新たな問題が生じる。また、後者の方法では、適量を添加することが難しく、ややもすれば過剰添加となって酸性地盤になってしまうことも少なくなかった。
【0007】
本発明は、上述した事情を考慮してなされたもので、セメント系材料や石灰系材料が添加された処理土であっても低コストかつ安全確実に緑化を行うことが可能な改良土の施工方法を提供することを目的とする。
【0008】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記目的を達成するため、本発明に係る改良土の施工方法は請求項1に記載したように、建設泥土、浚渫泥土等の排泥にセメント系材料又は石灰系材料を主成分とする固化材が添加されてなる処理土を攪拌しながら該処理土に燐酸系又は硫酸系化学肥料を添加して前記処理土の土粒子又は土塊の表面に結晶被膜を形成してなる改良土を酸性土壌の上に積層し、次いで該改良土の上に中性混合改良土を積層して該中性混合改良土の上を農地又は緑地とする改良土の施工方法であって、前記中性混合改良土を前記改良土と所定の酸性土とを混合して製造するものである。
【0009】
また、本発明に係る改良土の施工方法は請求項2に記載したように、建設泥土、浚渫泥土等の排泥にセメント系材料又は石灰系材料を主成分とする固化材が添加されてなる処理土を攪拌しながら乾燥湿潤を繰り返すことで前記処理土の土粒子又は土塊の表面に炭酸カルシウム被膜を形成してなる改良土を酸性土壌の上に積層し、次いで該改良土の上に中性混合改良土を積層して該中性混合改良土の上を農地又は緑地とする改良土の施工方法であって、前記中性混合改良土を前記改良土と所定の酸性土とを混合して製造するものである。
【0010】
また、本発明に係る改良土の施工方法は請求項3に記載したように、建設泥土、浚渫泥土等の排泥にセメント系材料又は石灰系材料を主成分とする固化材が添加されてなる処理土を攪拌しながら乾燥湿潤を繰り返すとともに燐酸系又は硫酸系化学肥料を添加することで、前記処理土の土粒子又は土塊の表面に炭酸カルシウム被膜及び結晶被膜を形成してなる改良土を酸性土壌の上に積層し、次いで該改良土の上に中性混合改良土を積層して該中性混合改良土の上を農地又は緑地とする改良土の施工方法であって、前記中性混合改良土を前記改良土と所定の酸性土とを混合して製造するものである。
【0025】
第1参考発明に係る改良土及びその製造方法においては、建設泥土、浚渫泥土等の排泥にセメント系材料又は石灰系材料を主成分とする固化材が添加されてなる処理土を攪拌しながら該処理土に所定の薬剤を添加して前記処理土の土粒子又は土塊の表面に結晶被膜を形成する。
【0026】
このようにすると、固化材に起因するアルカリ成分は、土粒子又は土塊の表面に形成された結晶被膜によってその内部に閉じ込められ、外部への溶出が抑制される。そして、その結果として、電気伝導度(EC)が植物の生育に適した値に低下する。
【0027】
そのため、酸性度や電気伝導度が緑化や農地化に適さない土壌であっても、かかる改良土を盛土材や法面形成材あるいは土壌改良材として用いることにより、酸性土壌を緑地や農地として利用することが可能となる。
【0028】
ここで、前記固化材の添加量に応じて前記薬剤の添加量を定めるようにすれば、薬剤添加の作業が省力化されるとともに、薬剤量を過不足なく適切に定めることが可能となる。
【0029】
薬剤は、処理土に含まれる水酸化カルシウムと反応して土粒子又は土塊の表面に結晶被膜を形成するものとして、燐酸系若しくは硫酸系化学肥料とする。かかる薬剤であれば、比較的入手が容易で安全性も高く、過剰添加による影響も少ない。また、かかる薬剤は、長期的にみれば、燐酸が少しずつ溶出するため、植物への栄養源ともなる。
【0030】
特に、前記薬剤を過燐酸石灰、重過燐酸石灰若しくは硫酸マグネシウムとするならば、可溶性のために取り扱いが容易であるとともに、土壌内に広く浸透することにより植物の成長に適した環境を得ることもできる。
【0031】
第2参考発明に係る改良土及びその製造方法においては、建設泥土、浚渫泥土等の排泥にセメント系材料又は石灰系材料を主成分とする固化材が添加されてなる処理土を攪拌しながら乾燥湿潤を繰り返すことで、処理土内の水酸化カルシウムと空気中の二酸化炭素とを反応させて前記処理土の土粒子又は土塊の表面に炭酸カルシウム被膜を形成する。
【0032】
このようにすると、固化材に起因するアルカリ成分は、土粒子又は土塊の表面に形成された炭酸カルシウム被膜によってその内部に閉じ込められ、外部への溶出が抑制される。そして、その結果として、電気伝導度(EC)が植物の生育に適した値に低下する。
【0033】
そのため、酸性度や電気伝導度が緑化や農地化に適さない土壌であっても、かかる改良土を盛土材や法面形成材あるいは土壌改良材として用いることにより、酸性土壌を緑地や農地として利用することが可能となる。
【0034】
ここで、前記固化材の添加量に応じて前記乾燥湿潤の繰り返し工程に関する諸事項を定める工程を含み、該諸事項を、乾燥湿潤の繰り返しを行うにあたって必要となる指標のうち、繰り返し回数、乾燥期間、湿潤期間又は湿潤のための水量の少なくともいずれかとしたならば、乾燥湿潤工程を合理的に進めることが可能となる。
【0035】
第3参考発明に係る改良土及びその製造方法においては、建設泥土、浚渫泥土等の排泥にセメント系材料又は石灰系材料を主成分とする固化材が添加されてなる処理土を攪拌しながら乾燥湿潤を繰り返すとともに所定の薬剤として燐酸系又は硫酸系化学肥料を添加することで、前記処理土の土粒子又は土塊の表面に炭酸カルシウム被膜及び結晶被膜を形成する。
【0036】
このようにすると、固化材に起因するアルカリ成分は、土粒子又は土塊の表面に形成された結晶被膜や炭酸カルシウム被膜によってその内部に閉じ込められ、外部への溶出が抑制される。そして、その結果として、電気伝導度(EC)が植物の生育に適した値に低下する。
【0037】
そのため、酸性度や電気伝導度が緑化や農地化に適さない土壌であっても、かかる改良土を盛土材や法面形成材あるいは土壌改良材として用いることにより、酸性土壌を緑地や農地として利用することが可能となる。
【0038】
ここで、前記固化材の添加量に応じて前記前記燐酸系又は硫酸系化学肥料の添加量及び前記乾燥湿潤の繰り返し工程に関する諸事項を定める工程を含み、該諸事項を、乾燥湿潤の繰り返しを行うにあたって必要となる指標のうち、繰り返し回数、乾燥期間、湿潤期間又は湿潤のための水量の少なくともいずれかとしたならば、薬剤添加の作業が省力化され、薬剤量を過不足なく適切に定めることが可能となるとともに、乾燥湿潤工程を合理的に進めることが可能となる。
【0039】
なお、上記参考発明に係る改良土は、アルカリ溶出が抑制される構造になっているので、その用途としては緑化や農地化に適しているが、その一方、これらの用途に限定されるものではなく、一般的な盛土材、法面形成材、裏込め等の空洞充填材、埋立材としてなどさまざまな用途に利用することができることは言うまでもない。
【0040】
建設泥土、浚渫泥土等の排泥とは、建築土木現場において含水比が高いためにそのままでは運搬等の取り扱いができず、固化材を添加する必要があるものをすべて包含するものであり、建設泥土の具体例としては、SMW工法で発生した残土、連続地中壁工法やシールド工法といった泥水工法で発生する劣化泥水などが該当する。
【0041】
処理土を攪拌しながら薬剤を添加したり乾燥湿潤を繰り返したりするプロセスを実施するにあたっては、処理土そのものの含水比がさまざまであることが予想されるが、含水比が高い処理土に薬剤を使用するときには粉末あるいは顆粒状の形態の薬剤を使用し、含水比が低い処理土に使用するときには溶液状の薬剤を使用することが考えられる。
【0042】
なお、薬剤を使用する場合には、含水比が高くても土粒子や土塊の表面に結晶被膜を形成することができるが、乾燥湿潤を繰り返すことで炭酸カルシウム被膜を形成する場合には、空気中の二酸化炭素と土粒子あるいは土塊との接触が必要になるため、かかる場合における処理土については、予め例えば機械脱水によって含水比を十分低下させ、さらに固化材の水和反応を待つことで処理土全体をある程度固めておくのが望ましい。
【0043】
上述した各改良土は、それらを単独使用してもかまわないが、これらを所定の酸性土と混合してあらたな改良土、すなわち中性混合改良土とすることも可能である。
【0044】
かかる構成においては、上記参考発明のいずれか一の改良土から溶出するアルカリ成分を酸性土からの酸性成分によって中和させるとともに、EC(電気伝導度)を低下させることもできるので、植物の生育に適した土とすることが可能となる。
【0045】
なお、上記各参考発明に係る改良土は、第2参考発明、第1参考発明、第3参考発明の順でアルカリ溶出の抑制が強くなるので、混合する酸性土のpHや電気伝導度を考慮して、いずれの改良土と混合するかを適宜定めればよい。
【0046】
請求項1に係る改良土の施工方法においては、第1参考発明と同様、まず、建設泥土、浚渫泥土等の排泥にセメント系材料又は石灰系材料を主成分とする固化材が添加されてなる処理土を攪拌しながら該処理土に所定の薬剤を添加して前記処理土の土粒子又は土塊の表面に結晶被膜を形成してなる改良土を製造する。
【0047】
次に、かかる改良土を酸性土壌の上に積層する。
【0048】
次に、この改良土と所定の酸性土とを混合してなる中性混合改良土を改良土の上に積層する。
【0049】
そして、中性混合改良土の上を畑、水田等の農地又は緑地とする。
【0050】
このようにすると、酸性土壌からの酸性成分は、改良土からわずかに溶出するアルカリ成分で中和されてpHが低下し、上下に積層された位置関係とも相まって中性混合改良土へは酸性成分はほとんど浸出しない。一方、中性混合改良土は、改良土と所定の酸性土とを混合してなり、改良土からわずかに溶出するアルカリ成分と酸性土からの酸性成分とが中和し、全体として中性土壌になっている。
【0051】
そのため、中性混合改良土を植生基盤として形成された農地又は緑地は、植物が生育するのに適した環境となる。
【0052】
請求項2に係る改良土の施工方法においては、第2参考発明と同様、まず、建設泥土、浚渫泥土等の排泥にセメント系材料又は石灰系材料を主成分とする固化材が添加されてなる処理土を攪拌しながら乾燥湿潤を繰り返すことで前記処理土の土粒子又は土塊の表面に炭酸カルシウム被膜を形成してなる改良土を製造する。
【0053】
次に、かかる改良土を酸性土壌の上に積層する。
【0054】
次に、この改良土と所定の酸性土とを混合してなる中性混合改良土を改良土の上に積層する。
【0055】
そして、中性混合改良土の上を畑、水田等の農地又は緑地とする。
【0056】
このようにすると、酸性土壌からの酸性成分は、改良土から若干溶出するアルカリ成分によってpHが低下し、上下に積層された位置関係とも相まって中性混合改良土へは酸性成分はほとんど浸出しない。一方、中性混合改良土は、改良土と所定の酸性土とを混合してなり、改良土から若干溶出するアルカリ成分と酸性土からの酸性成分とが中和し、全体として中性土壌になっている。
【0057】
そのため、中性混合改良土を植生基盤として形成された農地又は緑地は、植物が生育するのに適した環境となる。
【0058】
請求項3に係る改良土の施工方法においては、まず、第3参考発明に係る改良土を製造し、次いで、かかる改良土を酸性土壌の上に積層する。
【0059】
次に、この改良土と所定の酸性土とを混合してなる中性混合改良土を改良土の上に積層し、しかる後、中性混合改良土の上を畑、水田等の農地又は緑地とする。
【0060】
このようにすると、酸性土壌から酸性成分が浸入したとしても、改良土からほんのわずか溶出するアルカリ成分によってpHが低下し、上下に積層された位置関係とも相まって中性混合改良土へは酸性成分はほとんど浸出しない。一方、中性混合改良土は、改良土と所定の酸性土とを混合してなり、改良土からわずかに溶出するアルカリ成分と酸性土からの酸性成分とが中和し、全体として中性土壌になっている。
【0061】
そのため、中性混合改良土を植生基盤として形成された農地又は緑地は、植物が生育するのに適した環境となる。
【0062】
なお、炭酸カルシウム被膜タイプよりも結晶被膜タイプの方がアルカリ溶出抑制作用が強い、言い換えれば、結晶被膜タイプよりも炭酸カルシウム被膜の方が酸性中和性能に優れるため、請求項1に係る改良土の施工方法は酸性土壌の酸性度が中程度である場合に適し、請求項2に係る改良土の施工方法は酸性土壌の酸性度が強酸性である場合に適する。
【0063】
一方、炭酸カルシウム被膜及び結晶被膜が両方形成される請求項3に係る改良土の施工方法では、酸性中和性能は低いため、弱酸性の酸性土壌に適する。
【0064】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明に係る改良土及びその製造方法並びに施工方法の実施の形態について、添付図面を参照して説明する。なお、従来技術と実質的に同一の部品等については同一の符号を付してその説明を省略する。
【0065】
(第1実施形態)
【0066】
本実施形態に係る改良土は、建設泥土、浚渫泥土等の排泥にセメント系材料又は石灰系材料を主成分とする固化材が添加されてなる処理土を攪拌しながら該処理土に所定の薬剤を添加して前記処理土の土粒子又は土塊の表面に結晶被膜を形成してなる。
【0067】
本実施形態に係る改良土を製造するには、まず、建設泥土、浚渫泥土等の排泥にセメント系材料又は石灰系材料を主成分とする固化材が添加されてなる処理土を準備する必要があるが、かかる処理土は、例えば、地中連続壁を構築する際に生じた劣化泥水を、サイクロン、スクリューデカンタ、フィルタープレス等で機械脱水して脱水ケーキとし、これを処理土とすることができる。なお、固化材についてはセメントを採用し、該セメントを例えばフィルタープレスで加圧脱水する前に予め添加しておけばよい。
【0068】
次に、地上に設置された攪拌槽内やピット内に処理土を投入するとともに、該攪拌槽やピット内の処理土をミキサーやバックホウなどで適宜攪拌しながら、燐酸系又は硫酸系化学肥料、特に過燐酸石灰、重過燐酸石灰又は硫酸マグネシウムを薬剤として処理土に添加して改良土を製造する。
【0069】
ここで、脱水ケーキである処理土の含水比が小さくて固い場合には、薬剤を溶液状の形態で使用すればよいし、含水比が大きい場合には、粉末状あるいは顆粒状の形態で使用すればよい。
【0070】
図1は、製造された改良土の土粒子1及び土塊2を取り出して示した断面図であり、該土粒子及び土塊の表面に結晶被膜3が形成されていることがわかる。
【0071】
かかる結晶被膜3は、燐酸系肥料を薬剤とした場合には燐酸カルシウムで形成されることとなる。
【0072】
なお、薬剤を添加するにあたっては、処理土が製造されたときのセメントの添加量を予め調べておき、該添加量に応じて薬剤の添加量を定めるようにするのがよい。
【0073】
このようにして製造された改良土においては、固化材であるセメントに起因するアルカリ成分が土粒子1又は土塊2の表面に形成された結晶被膜3によってその内部に閉じ込められ、外部への溶出が抑制される。そして、その結果、電気伝導度(EC)は、植物の生育に適した値に低下する。
【0074】
そのため、酸性度や電気伝導度が緑化や農地化に適さない土壌であっても、かかる改良土を盛土材や法面形成材あるいは土壌改良材として用いれば、酸性土壌を緑地や農地として利用することが可能となる。
【0075】
次に、このようにして製造された改良土を施工する例を説明する。
【0076】
図2は、かかる改良土の施工方法を示した図であり、同図でわかるように、本実施形態に係る施工方法においては、本実施形態の改良土12を酸性土壌11の上に積層する。ここで、酸性土壌11は、肥料が原因で中程度の酸性を呈している酸性土壌を想定している。
【0077】
一方、改良土12と所定の酸性土とを混合することで中性混合改良土13を別途製造しておく。
【0078】
中性混合改良土13は、全体として中性となるよう、それに用いる酸性土を、改良土12の土粒子1あるいは土塊2から溶出されるアルカリ成分を中和する程度の酸性成分を有するものから選択する。例えば、改良土12は、その土粒子1や土塊2の表面に結晶被膜3が形成されているため、アルカリ成分の溶出はわずかである。したがって、改良土12と混合する酸性土としては、酸性が中程度のもの、例えば肥料が原因で中程度の酸性になっている酸性土壌から掘削採取されたものが望ましい。
【0079】
次に、このように混合されてなる中性混合改良土13を改良土12の上に積層する。
【0080】
最後に、中性混合改良土13を植生基盤としてその上に農地である水田14をつくる。
【0081】
このようにすると、酸性土壌11からの酸性成分は、改良土12からわずかに溶出するアルカリ成分によってpHが低下し、上下に積層された位置関係とも相まって中性混合改良土13へは酸性成分はほとんど浸出しない。一方、中性混合改良土13は、改良土12と所定の酸性土とを混合してなり、改良土12からわずかに溶出するアルカリ成分と酸性土からの酸性成分とが中和し、全体として中性土壌になっている。
【0082】
そのため、中性混合改良土13を植生基盤として形成された水田14は、植物が生育するのに適した環境となる。
【0083】
以上説明したように、本実施形態に係る改良土及びその製造方法によれば、従来であれば、産業廃棄物として処分するしかなかったセメント排泥を、農地や緑地のために使用することが可能な改良土として再生することが可能となり、産業廃棄物の減容化を図ることができるとともに廃棄処分としていたセメント排泥を農地用あるいは緑化用植生基盤として有効利用することができる。
【0084】
また、本実施形態に係る改良土及びその製造方法によれば、固化材であるセメントの添加量に応じて薬剤の添加量を定めるようにしたので、薬剤添加の作業が省力化されるとともに、薬剤量を過不足なく適切に定めることが可能となる。
【0085】
また、本実施形態に係る中性混合改良土によれば、全体として中性となるよう上述した改良土に酸性土を加えたので、緑化が必要な場合も含め、通常の土と同様、ありとあらゆる場所に再利用することができる。
【0086】
なお、産業廃棄物の減容化に資する点については改良土の場合と全く同様であるとともに、酸性土壌を切り土工事した際に生じた酸性土をも有効利用することが可能となる。
【0087】
また、本実施形態に係る改良土の施工方法によれば、酸性土壌であるために農地として利用できない状況であっても、本実施形態の改良土12を下層に、本実施形態の改良土に酸性土を加えてなる中性混合改良土13を上層に積層することにより、改良土12では、酸性土壌11からの酸性成分を中和するとともに上方への浸透を遮断するため、上層に拡がる中性混合改良土13では、良好な植生基盤として植物を順調に成長させることが可能となる。
【0088】
本実施形態では、特に言及しなかったが、本発明に係る改良土や中性混合改良土は、その用途が農地に限定されるものではないことは言うまでもなく、法面に被覆して植生基盤とすることもできるし、樹木を植えるときの客土として利用することも可能である。
【0089】
さらに言えば、緑化が不要な場所であっても、例えばシールドトンネルの裏込め材や埋立材として本実施形態の改良土を利用すれば、上述したように産業廃棄物の減容化を同様に図ることができる。
【0090】
本実施形態では、本発明の改良土を水田に適用したが、適用対象は畑等の他の農地でもよいし、公園、ゴルフ場等の緑地でもかまわない。
【0091】
(第2実施形態)
【0092】
次に、第2実施形態について説明する。なお、上述の実施形態と実質的に同一の部品等については同一の符号を付してその説明を省略する。
【0093】
本実施形態に係る改良土は、建設泥土、浚渫泥土等の排泥にセメント系材料又は石灰系材料を主成分とする固化材が添加されてなる処理土を攪拌しながら乾燥湿潤を繰り返すことで前記処理土の土粒子又は土塊の表面に炭酸カルシウム被膜を形成してなる。
【0094】
本実施形態に係る改良土を製造するには、まず、建設泥土、浚渫泥土等の排泥にセメント系材料又は石灰系材料を主成分とする固化材が添加されてなる処理土を準備する必要があるが、かかる処理土は第1実施形態と同様、例えば、地中連続壁を構築する際に生じた劣化泥水を、サイクロン、スクリューデカンタ、フィルタープレス等で機械脱水して脱水ケーキとし、これを処理土とすることができる。なお、固化材についてはセメントを採用し、該セメントを例えばフィルタープレスで加圧脱水する前に予め添加しておけばよい。
【0095】
次に、地上に設置された攪拌槽内やピット内に処理土を投入するとともに、該攪拌槽やピット内の処理土をミキサーやバックホウなどで適宜攪拌しながら、乾燥湿潤を繰り返すことで、処理土内の水酸化カルシウムと空気中の二酸化炭素とを反応させて処理土の土粒子や土塊の表面に炭酸カルシウム被膜を形成してなる改良土を製造する。
【0096】
図3は、製造された改良土の土粒子21及び土塊22を取り出して示した断面図であり、該土粒子及び土塊の表面に炭酸カルシウム被膜23が形成されていることがわかる。
【0097】
なお、乾燥湿潤を行うにあたっては、処理土が製造されたときのセメントの添加量を予め調べておき、該添加量に応じて乾燥湿潤の繰り返し工程に関する諸事項を定めるのがよい。
【0098】
乾燥湿潤の繰り返し工程に関する諸事項としては、乾燥湿潤の繰り返しを行うにあたって必要となる指標、例えば、繰り返し回数、乾燥期間、湿潤期間、湿潤のための水量などが該当する。
【0099】
このようにして製造された改良土においては、固化材であるセメントに起因するアルカリ成分が土粒子21又は土塊22の表面に形成された炭酸カルシウム被膜23によってその内部に閉じ込められ、外部への溶出が抑制される。そして、その結果、電気伝導度(EC)は、植物の生育に適した値に低下する。
【0100】
そのため、酸性度や電気伝導度が緑化や農地化に適さない土壌であっても、かかる改良土を盛土材や法面形成材あるいは土壌改良材として用いれば、酸性土壌を緑地や農地として利用することが可能となる。
【0101】
次に、このようにして製造された改良土を施工する例を説明する。
【0102】
図4は、かかる改良土の施工方法を示した図であり、同図でわかるように、本実施形態に係る施工方法においては、本実施形態の改良土32を酸性土壌31の上に積層する。ここで、酸性土壌31は、硫化物で強酸性になっている酸性土壌を想定している。
【0103】
一方、改良土32と所定の酸性土とを混合することで中性混合改良土33を別途製造しておく。
【0104】
中性混合改良土33は、全体として中性となるよう、それに用いる酸性土を、改良土32の土粒子21あるいは土塊22から溶出されるアルカリ成分を中和する程度の酸性成分を有するものから選択する。例えば、改良土32は、その土粒子21や土塊22の表面に炭酸カルシウム被膜23が形成されているため、アルカリ成分は若干溶出する。したがって、改良土32と混合する酸性土としては、比較的酸性が強いもの、例えば硫化物で強酸性になっている酸性土壌から掘削採取されたものが望ましい。
【0105】
次に、このように混合されてなる中性混合改良土33を改良土32の上に積層する。
【0106】
最後に、中性混合改良土33を植生基盤としてその上に農地である水田34をつくる。
【0107】
このようにすると、酸性土壌31からの酸性成分は、改良土32から若干溶出するアルカリ成分によってpHが低下し、上下に積層された位置関係とも相まって中性混合改良土33へは酸性成分はほとんど浸出しない。一方、中性混合改良土33は、改良土32と所定の酸性土とを混合してなり、改良土32から若干溶出するアルカリ成分と酸性土からの酸性成分とが中和し、全体として中性土壌になっている。
【0108】
そのため、中性混合改良土33を植生基盤として形成された水田34は、植物が生育するのに適した環境となる。
【0109】
以上説明したように、本実施形態に係る改良土及びその製造方法によれば、従来であれば、産業廃棄物として処分するしかなかったセメント排泥を、農地や緑地のために使用することが可能な改良土として再生することが可能となり、産業廃棄物の減容化を図ることができるとともに廃棄処分としていたセメント排泥を農地用あるいは緑化用植生基盤として有効利用することができる。
【0110】
また、本実施形態に係る改良土及びその製造方法によれば、固化材であるセメントの添加量に応じて乾燥湿潤の繰り返し工程に関する諸事項を定めるようにしたので、乾燥湿潤作業を合理的に行うことが可能となる。
【0111】
また、本実施形態に係る中性混合改良土によれば、全体として中性となるよう上述した改良土に酸性土を加えたので、緑化が必要な場合も含め、通常の土と同様、ありとあらゆる場所に再利用することができる。
【0112】
なお、産業廃棄物の減容化に資する点については改良土の場合と全く同様であるとともに、酸性土壌を切り土工事した際に生じた酸性土をも有効利用することが可能となる。
【0113】
また、本実施形態に係る改良土の施工方法によれば、酸性土壌であるために農地として利用できない状況であっても、本実施形態の改良土32を下層に、本実施形態の改良土に酸性土を加えてなる中性混合改良土33を上層に積層することにより、改良土32では、酸性土壌31からの酸性成分を中和するとともに上方への浸透を遮断するため、上層に拡がる中性混合改良土33では、良好な植生基盤として植物を順調に成長させることが可能となる。
【0114】
本実施形態では、特に言及しなかったが、本発明に係る改良土や中性混合改良土は、その用途が農地に限定されるものではないことは言うまでもなく、法面に被覆して植生基盤とすることもできるし、樹木を植えるときの客土として利用することも可能である。
【0115】
さらに言えば、緑化が不要な場所であっても、例えばシールドトンネルの裏込め材や埋立材として本実施形態の改良土を利用すれば、上述したように産業廃棄物の減容化を同様に図ることができる。
【0116】
本実施形態では、本発明の改良土を水田に適用したが、適用対象は畑等の他の農地でもよいし、公園、ゴルフ場等の緑地でもかまわない。
【0117】
(第3実施形態)
【0118】
次に、第3実施形態について説明する。なお、上述の実施形態と実質的に同一の部品等については同一の符号を付してその説明を省略する。
【0119】
本実施形態に係る改良土は、建設泥土、浚渫泥土等の排泥にセメント系材料又は石灰系材料を主成分とする固化材が添加されてなる処理土を攪拌しながら乾燥湿潤を繰り返し、次いで所定の薬剤を添加することで、前記処理土の土粒子又は土塊の表面に炭酸カルシウム被膜及び結晶被膜を形成してなる。
【0120】
本実施形態に係る改良土を製造する際に必要となる処理土については、第1、第2実施形態と同様であるので、ここではその説明を省略する。
【0121】
処理土が準備できたならば、地上に設置された攪拌槽内やピット内にかかる処理土を投入するとともに、該攪拌槽やピット内の処理土をミキサーやバックホウなどで適宜攪拌しながら乾燥湿潤を繰り返すことで、処理土内の水酸化カルシウムと空気中の二酸化炭素とを反応させ、処理土の土粒子や土塊の表面に炭酸カルシウム被膜を形成させるとともに、燐酸系又は硫酸系化学肥料、特に過燐酸石灰、重過燐酸石灰又は硫酸マグネシウムを薬剤として処理土に添加し、処理土の土粒子や土塊の表面に結晶被膜を形成させる。
【0122】
ここで、薬剤の形態としては、処理土の乾燥がかなり進んでいるため、粉末状あるいは顆粒状の形態で使用することが考えられる。
【0123】
図5は、製造された改良土の土粒子41及び土塊42を取り出して示した断面図であり、該土粒子及び土塊の表面に炭酸カルシウム被膜及び結晶被膜からなる被膜43が形成されていることがわかる。
【0124】
かかる結晶被膜は、燐酸系肥料を薬剤とした場合には燐酸カルシウムで形成されることとなる。
【0125】
なお、乾燥湿潤を行うにあたっては、処理土が製造されたときのセメントの添加量を予め調べておき、該添加量に応じて乾燥湿潤の繰り返し工程に関する諸事項を定めるのがよい。
【0126】
乾燥湿潤の繰り返し工程に関する諸事項としては、乾燥湿潤の繰り返しを行うにあたって必要となる指標、例えば、繰り返し回数、乾燥期間、湿潤期間、湿潤のための水量などが該当する。
【0127】
また、薬剤を添加するにあたっては、処理土が製造されたときのセメントの添加量を予め調べておき、該添加量に応じて薬剤の添加量を定めるようにするのがよい。
【0128】
このようにして製造された改良土においては、固化材であるセメントに起因するアルカリ成分が土粒子41又は土塊42の表面に形成された被膜43によってその内部に閉じ込められ、外部への溶出が抑制される。そして、その結果、電気伝導度(EC)は、植物の生育に適した値に低下する。
【0129】
そのため、酸性度や電気伝導度が緑化や農地化に適さない土壌であっても、かかる改良土を盛土材や法面形成材あるいは土壌改良材として用いれば、酸性土壌を緑地や農地として利用することが可能となる。
【0130】
次に、このようにして製造された改良土を施工する例を説明する。
【0131】
図6は、かかる改良土の施工方法を示した図であり、同図でわかるように、本実施形態に係る施工方法においては、本実施形態の改良土52を酸性土壌51の上に積層する。ここで、酸性土壌51は、降水等で塩基が溶脱し粘土中のアルミニウムによって弱酸性になっている酸性土壌を想定している。
【0132】
一方、改良土52と所定の酸性土とを混合することで中性混合改良土53を別途製造しておく。
【0133】
中性混合改良土53は、全体として中性となるよう、それに用いる酸性土を、改良土52の土粒子41あるいは土塊42から溶出されるアルカリ成分を中和する程度の酸性成分を有するものから選択する。例えば、改良土52は、その土粒子41や土塊42の表面に炭酸カルシウム被膜と結晶被膜とからなる被膜43が形成されているため、アルカリ成分はほとんど溶出しない。したがって、改良土52と混合する酸性土としては、降水等で塩基が溶脱し粘土中のアルミニウムによって弱酸性になっている酸性土壌から掘削採取されたものが望ましい。
【0134】
次に、このように混合されてなる中性混合改良土53を改良土52の上に積層する。
【0135】
最後に、中性混合改良土53を植生基盤としてその上に農地である水田54をつくる。
【0136】
このようにすると、酸性土壌51から仮に酸性成分が改良土52に浸入したとしても、改良土52からほんのわずかに溶出するアルカリ成分によってpHが低下し、上下に積層された位置関係とも相まって中性混合改良土53へは酸性成分はほとんど浸出しない。一方、中性混合改良土53は、改良土52と所定の酸性土とを混合してなり、改良土52から若干溶出するアルカリ成分と酸性土からの酸性成分とが中和し、全体として中性土壌になっている。
【0137】
そのため、中性混合改良土53を植生基盤として形成された水田54は、植物が生育するのに適した環境となる。
【0138】
以上説明したように、本実施形態に係る改良土及びその製造方法によれば、従来であれば、産業廃棄物として処分するしかなかったセメント排泥を、農地や緑地のために使用することが可能な改良土として再生することが可能となり、産業廃棄物の減容化を図ることができるとともに廃棄処分としていたセメント排泥を農地用あるいは緑化用植生基盤として有効利用することができる。
【0139】
また、本実施形態に係る改良土及びその製造方法によれば、固化材であるセメントの添加量に応じて乾燥湿潤の繰り返し工程に関する諸事項を定めるようにしたので、乾燥湿潤作業を合理的に行うことが可能となる。
【0140】
また、本実施形態に係る改良土及びその製造方法によれば、固化材であるセメントの添加量に応じて薬剤の添加量を定めるようにしたので、薬剤添加の作業が省力化されるとともに、薬剤量を過不足なく適切に定めることが可能となる。
【0141】
また、本実施形態に係る改良土及びその製造方法によれば、空気中の二酸化炭素によって炭酸カルシウム被膜を、薬剤によって結晶被膜をそれぞれ土粒子や土塊に形成するようにしたので、アルカリ溶出を安価でしかもより確実に抑制することが可能となる。
【0142】
また、本実施形態に係る中性混合改良土によれば、全体として中性となるよう上述した改良土に酸性土を加えたので、緑化が必要な場合も含め、通常の土と同様、ありとあらゆる場所に再利用することができる。
【0143】
なお、産業廃棄物の減容化に資する点については改良土の場合と全く同様であるとともに、酸性土壌を切り土工事した際に生じた酸性土をも有効利用することが可能となる。
【0144】
また、本実施形態に係る改良土の施工方法によれば、酸性土壌であるために農地として利用できない状況であっても、本実施形態の改良土52を下層に、本実施形態の改良土に酸性土を加えてなる中性混合改良土53を上層に積層することにより、改良土52では、酸性土壌51からの酸性成分を中和するとともに上方への浸透を遮断するため、上層に拡がる中性混合改良土53では、良好な植生基盤として植物を順調に成長させることが可能となる。
【0145】
本実施形態では、特に言及しなかったが、本発明に係る改良土や中性混合改良土は、その用途が農地に限定されるものではないことは言うまでもなく、法面に被覆して植生基盤とすることもできるし、樹木を植えるときの客土として利用することも可能である。
【0146】
さらに言えば、緑化が不要な場所であっても、例えばシールドトンネルの裏込め材や埋立材として本実施形態の改良土を利用すれば、上述したように産業廃棄物の減容化を同様に図ることができる。
【0147】
本実施形態では、本発明の改良土を水田に適用したが、適用対象は畑等の他の農地でもよいし、公園、ゴルフ場等の緑地でもかまわない。
【0148】
【発明の効果】
以上述べたように、本発明に係る改良土及びその製造方法並びに施工方法によれば、従来であれば、産業廃棄物として処分するしかなかったセメント排泥を、農地や緑地のために使用することが可能な改良土として再生することが可能となり、産業廃棄物の減容化を図ることができるとともに廃棄処分としていたセメント排泥を農地用あるいは緑化用植生基盤として有効利用することができる。
【0149】
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】第1実施形態に係る改良土から取り出した土粒子及び土塊の断面図。
【図2】第1実施形態に係る改良土の施工方法を示した図。
【図3】第2実施形態に係る改良土から取り出した土粒子及び土塊の断面図。
【図4】第2実施形態に係る改良土の施工方法を示した図。
【図5】第3実施形態に係る改良土から取り出した土粒子及び土塊の断面図。
【図6】第3実施形態に係る改良土の施工方法を示した図。
【符号の説明】
1、21、41 土粒子
2、22、42 土塊
3 結晶被膜
11、31、51 酸性土壌
12、32、52 改良土
13、33、53 中性混合改良土
23 炭酸カルシウム被膜
43 被膜(炭酸カルシウム被膜、結晶被膜)
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for constructing improved soil mainly used for greening.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In mud construction methods such as SMW (soil cement column wall) method, underground continuous wall method and shield method, a large amount of construction mud is generated. In addition, in order to prevent water pollution, the sludge layer that causes it may be removed by dredging, but dredging mud is also generated in such dredging work.
[0003]
Conventionally, such generated soil is often disposed of as industrial waste after dehydration and pH treatment, but it can be said from the viewpoint of effective use of resources, environmental protection, or reduction of disposal costs. If possible, it should be reused as much as possible.
[0004]
Against this backdrop, recently, cement-based materials or lime-based materials are added to and mixed with the generated soil to improve the strength, and such treated soil is used as embankment material, slope forming material, construction material for impermeable walls, or the backside. It has been increasingly used effectively as a hollow filler for filling.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in places where such treated soil is used, it is said that the environment is strongly alkaline and unsuitable for plant growth due to the addition of cement-based materials and lime-based materials, making it very difficult to plant green There was a problem.
[0006]
In addition, when greening is unavoidable, there is no way to think of a method of neutralizing by adding chemicals such as sulfuric acid, ferrous sulfate, sulfur flower, etc. The former method has a problem that it is too costly, and the latter method has a new problem that the drug is a dangerous substance, so that sufficient handling is required and a qualified person is required for the work. Arise. Further, in the latter method, it is difficult to add an appropriate amount, and there are many cases where it is excessively added and becomes acidic ground.
[0007]
The present invention has been made in consideration of the above-mentioned circumstances, and it is possible to construct an improved soil that can be planted at low cost and safely even if it is treated soil to which cement-based material or lime-based material is added. It aims to provide a method.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the improved soil construction method according to the present invention includes a solidified material mainly composed of cement-based material or lime-based material in waste mud such as construction mud and dredged mud. An improved soil obtained by adding a phosphoric acid-based or sulfuric acid-based chemical fertilizer to the treated soil while stirring the treated soil to form a crystalline film on the surface of the soil particles or a lump of the treated soil. A method for constructing an improved soil by laminating on the improved soil, and then stacking the neutral mixed improved soil on the improved soil, and using the neutral mixed improved soil as an agricultural land or a green space. Is produced by mixing the improved soil and a predetermined acidic soil.
[0009]
Moreover, the construction method of the improved soil according to the present invention includes, as described in claim 2, a solidified material mainly composed of a cement-based material or a lime-based material added to waste mud such as construction mud and dredged mud. By repeating the drying and wetting while stirring the treated soil, the modified soil formed by forming a calcium carbonate film on the surface of the soil particles or the lump of the treated soil is laminated on the acidic soil, and then the medium is placed on the modified soil. An improved soil construction method in which a neutral mixed improved soil is laminated and the neutral mixed improved soil is used as farmland or green space, wherein the neutral mixed improved soil is mixed with the improved soil and a predetermined acidic soil. Are manufactured.
[0010]
Moreover, the construction method of the improved soil according to the present invention includes, as described in claim 3, a solidification material mainly composed of a cement-based material or a lime-based material added to waste mud such as construction mud and dredged mud. By repeating the drying and wetting while stirring the treated soil and adding a phosphoric acid or sulfuric acid chemical fertilizer, the modified soil formed by forming a calcium carbonate film and a crystal film on the surface of the soil particles or mass of the treated soil is acidified. A method for constructing an improved soil by laminating on the soil, then laminating the neutral mixed improved soil on the improved soil, and using the neutral mixed improved soil as farmland or green space, wherein the neutral mixed The improved soil is produced by mixing the improved soil with a predetermined acidic soil.
[0025]
In the improved soil and the manufacturing method thereof according to the first reference invention, while stirring the treated soil obtained by adding a solidification material mainly composed of a cement-based material or a lime-based material to waste mud such as construction mud and dredged mud A predetermined chemical | medical agent is added to this treated soil, and a crystal coating is formed on the surface of the soil particle or the lump of the treated soil.
[0026]
If it does in this way, the alkali component resulting from a solidification material will be confined in the inside by the crystal coating formed in the surface of soil particles or a lump, and elution to the outside will be controlled. As a result, the electrical conductivity (EC) decreases to a value suitable for plant growth.
[0027]
Therefore, even if the soil has acidity and electrical conductivity that are not suitable for greening or farming, acid soil can be used as greenery or farmland by using such improved soil as embankment material, slope forming material, or soil improvement material. It becomes possible to do.
[0028]
Here, if the addition amount of the drug is determined according to the addition amount of the solidifying material, the work of adding the drug can be saved, and the drug amount can be appropriately determined without excess or deficiency.
[0029]
The chemical is a phosphoric acid-based or sulfuric acid-based chemical fertilizer that reacts with calcium hydroxide contained in the treated soil to form a crystal coating on the surface of the soil particles or the lump. Such a drug is relatively easy to obtain, highly safe, and less affected by excessive addition. Moreover, since this medicine elutes phosphoric acid little by little in the long term, it becomes a nutrient source for plants.
[0030]
In particular, if the drug is lime superphosphate, lime heavy superphosphate, or magnesium sulfate, it is easy to handle due to its solubility and obtains an environment suitable for plant growth by being widely penetrated into the soil. You can also.
[0031]
In the improved soil and the manufacturing method thereof according to the second reference invention, while stirring the treated soil in which the solidified material mainly composed of cement-based material or lime-based material is added to waste mud such as construction mud and dredged mud By repeating the drying and wetting, calcium hydroxide in the treated soil is reacted with carbon dioxide in the air to form a calcium carbonate coating on the surface of the soil particles or soil mass of the treated soil.
[0032]
If it does in this way, the alkali component resulting from a solidification material will be confined in the inside by the calcium carbonate film formed in the surface of soil particles or a lump, and elution to the outside will be controlled. As a result, the electrical conductivity (EC) decreases to a value suitable for plant growth.
[0033]
Therefore, even if the soil has acidity and electrical conductivity that are not suitable for greening or farming, acid soil can be used as greenery or farmland by using such improved soil as embankment material, slope forming material, or soil improvement material. It becomes possible to do.
[0034]
Here, the method includes a step of determining various items related to the drying and wetting repetition step according to the amount of the solidifying material added, and the items include the number of repetitions among the indicators required for repeating the drying and wetting, If at least one of the period, the wet period, and the amount of water for wetting is set, the drying and wetting process can be rationally advanced.
[0035]
In the improved soil and the manufacturing method thereof according to the third reference invention, while stirring the treated soil in which the solidified material mainly composed of cement-based material or lime-based material is added to the waste mud such as construction mud and dredged mud. By repeating drying and wetting and adding a phosphoric acid-based or sulfuric acid-based chemical fertilizer as a predetermined agent, a calcium carbonate film and a crystal film are formed on the surface of the soil particles or soil mass of the treated soil.
[0036]
If it does in this way, the alkali component resulting from a solidification material will be confined in the inside by the crystal | crystallization film | membrane and calcium carbonate film | membrane formed in the surface of the soil particle or the lump, and the elution to the exterior will be suppressed. As a result, the electrical conductivity (EC) decreases to a value suitable for plant growth.
[0037]
Therefore, even if the soil has acidity and electrical conductivity that are not suitable for greening or farming, acid soil can be used as greenery or farmland by using such improved soil as embankment material, slope forming material, or soil improvement material. It becomes possible to do.
[0038]
Here, the method includes a step of determining various matters regarding the addition amount of the phosphoric acid-based or sulfuric acid-based chemical fertilizer and the dry and wet repeating process according to the addition amount of the solidifying material, If at least one of the number of repetitions, the drying period, the wetting period, or the amount of water for wetting is required among the indicators necessary for conducting the work, the work of adding the drug is saved, and the amount of the drug is appropriately determined without excess or deficiency. And the drying and wetting process can be rationally advanced.
[0039]
In addition, since the improved soil according to the above reference invention has a structure that suppresses alkali elution, its use is suitable for greening and farming, but on the other hand, it is not limited to these uses. Needless to say, it can be used for various purposes such as general embankment materials, slope forming materials, backfill and other hollow fillers, and landfill materials.
[0040]
Waste mud such as construction mud and dredged mud includes everything that cannot be transported as it is because it has a high water content ratio at construction and civil engineering sites, and that requires the addition of a solidifying material. Specific examples of the mud include residual soil generated by the SMW method, and degraded mud generated by the muddy method such as the continuous underground wall method and the shield method.
[0041]
When carrying out the process of adding chemicals or repeatedly drying and wetting while stirring the treated soil, it is expected that the moisture content of the treated soil itself will vary. It is conceivable to use a drug in the form of powder or granules when used, and to use a drug in solution when used on treated soil with a low water content.
[0042]
In the case of using a chemical, a crystal film can be formed on the surface of soil particles or a lump even when the water content is high. However, when a calcium carbonate film is formed by repeated drying and wetting, air is used. Because it is necessary to contact the carbon dioxide in the soil with the soil particles or the lump, the treated soil in such a case is treated in advance by sufficiently reducing the water content ratio by, for example, mechanical dehydration and further waiting for the hydration reaction of the solidified material. It is desirable to solidify the entire soil to some extent.
[0043]
Each of the above-mentioned improved soils may be used alone, but these can be mixed with a predetermined acidic soil to form a new improved soil, that is, a neutral mixed improved soil.
[0044]
In such a configuration, the alkaline component eluted from the improved soil according to any one of the above-mentioned reference inventions can be neutralized by the acidic component from the acidic soil, and the EC (electric conductivity) can be reduced, so that the growth of the plant It becomes possible to make the soil suitable for.
[0045]
In addition, since the improved soil according to each of the above reference inventions has a strong suppression of alkali elution in the order of the second reference invention, the first reference invention and the third reference invention, the pH and electric conductivity of the acid soil to be mixed are taken into consideration. Then, it may be determined as appropriate to which soil to improve.
[0046]
In the improved soil construction method according to claim 1, as in the first reference invention, first, a solidified material mainly composed of a cement-based material or a lime-based material is added to waste mud such as construction mud and dredged mud. While stirring the treated soil, a predetermined chemical is added to the treated soil to produce a modified soil formed by forming a crystal coating on the surface of the soil particles or the lump of the treated soil.
[0047]
Next, the improved soil is laminated on the acidic soil.
[0048]
Next, a neutral mixed improved soil obtained by mixing the improved soil and a predetermined acidic soil is laminated on the improved soil.
[0049]
Then, the neutral mixed improved soil is used as farmland such as fields and paddy fields, or green space.
[0050]
In this way, the acidic component from the acidic soil is neutralized with an alkaline component that elutes slightly from the improved soil, and the pH is lowered. Hardly leaches. On the other hand, the neutral mixed improved soil is a mixture of the improved soil and the specified acidic soil, and the alkaline component slightly eluted from the improved soil and the acidic component from the acidic soil are neutralized, and the neutral soil as a whole is obtained. It has become.
[0051]
Therefore, the farmland or green space formed using the neutral mixed improved soil as a vegetation base is an environment suitable for growing plants.
[0052]
In the improved soil construction method according to claim 2, as in the second reference invention, first, a solidified material mainly composed of a cement-based material or a lime-based material is added to waste mud such as construction mud and dredged mud. By repeating the drying and wetting while stirring the treated soil, an improved soil formed by forming a calcium carbonate coating on the surface of the soil particles or the lump of the treated soil is produced.
[0053]
Next, the improved soil is laminated on the acidic soil.
[0054]
Next, a neutral mixed improved soil obtained by mixing the improved soil and a predetermined acidic soil is laminated on the improved soil.
[0055]
Then, the neutral mixed improved soil is used as farmland such as fields and paddy fields, or green space.
[0056]
If it does in this way, pH will fall by the alkaline component which some acidic components from acidic soil elute from improved soil, and an acidic component will hardly leach out to neutral mixed improved soil combined with the positional relationship laminated | stacked up and down. On the other hand, the neutral mixed improved soil is a mixture of the improved soil and the specified acidic soil, and the alkaline components that are slightly eluted from the improved soil and the acidic components from the acidic soil are neutralized, and the neutral soil as a whole is obtained. It has become.
[0057]
Therefore, the farmland or green space formed using the neutral mixed improved soil as a vegetation base is an environment suitable for growing plants.
[0058]
In the improved soil construction method according to claim 3, first, the improved soil according to the third reference invention is manufactured, and then the improved soil is laminated on the acidic soil.
[0059]
Next, a neutral mixed improved soil obtained by mixing this improved soil and a predetermined acidic soil is stacked on the improved soil, and then the farmed land such as fields, paddy fields, or green areas on the neutral mixed improved soil. And
[0060]
In this way, even if acidic components infiltrate from acidic soil, the pH is lowered by the alkaline components that are only slightly eluted from the improved soil, and the acidic components are not added to the neutral mixed improved soil due to the positional relationship of the upper and lower layers. Almost no leaching. On the other hand, the neutral mixed improved soil is a mixture of the improved soil and a predetermined acidic soil, and the alkaline component slightly eluted from the improved soil and the acidic component from the acidic soil are neutralized, and the neutral soil as a whole. It has become.
[0061]
Therefore, the farmland or green space formed using the neutral mixed improved soil as a vegetation base is an environment suitable for growing plants.
[0062]
In addition, since the crystalline elution type has a stronger alkali elution suppressing action than the calcium carbonate film type, in other words, the calcium carbonate film has better acid neutralization performance than the crystalline film type. This construction method is suitable when the acidity of the acidic soil is medium, and the construction method of the improved soil according to claim 2 is suitable when the acidity of the acidic soil is strongly acidic.
[0063]
On the other hand, the improved soil construction method according to claim 3 in which both the calcium carbonate coating and the crystal coating are formed is suitable for weakly acidic soil because the acid neutralization performance is low.
[0064]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, embodiments of improved soil, a method for producing the same, and a construction method according to the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Note that components that are substantially the same as those of the prior art are assigned the same reference numerals, and descriptions thereof are omitted.
[0065]
(First embodiment)
[0066]
The improved soil according to the present embodiment is prepared by adding a predetermined amount to the treated soil while stirring the treated soil in which the solidified material mainly composed of cement-based material or lime-based material is added to waste mud such as construction mud and dredged mud. A chemical agent is added to form a crystal film on the surface of the soil particles or the lump of the treated soil.
[0067]
In order to manufacture the improved soil according to the present embodiment, first, it is necessary to prepare a treated soil in which a solidified material mainly composed of a cement-based material or a lime-based material is added to waste mud such as construction mud and dredged mud. However, such treated soil is, for example, mechanically dewatered by using a cyclone, screw decanter, filter press, etc. to produce dewatered cake that is produced when building underground continuous walls. Can do. In addition, cement is employ | adopted as a solidification material, and what is necessary is just to add this cement before pressure dehydrating, for example with a filter press.
[0068]
Next, while putting the treated soil in the stirring tank and pit installed on the ground, while appropriately stirring the treated soil in the stirring tank and pit with a mixer or a backhoe, a phosphoric acid-based or sulfuric acid-based chemical fertilizer, In particular, improved soil is produced by adding lime superphosphate, lime heavy superphosphate or magnesium sulfate as a chemical to the treated soil.
[0069]
Here, when the water content of the treated soil, which is a dehydrated cake, is small and hard, the drug may be used in the form of a solution, and when the water content is large, it is used in the form of powder or granules. do it.
[0070]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the soil particles 1 and the lump 2 of the manufactured improved soil, and it can be seen that a crystal coating 3 is formed on the surfaces of the soil particles and the lump.
[0071]
The crystal coating 3 is formed of calcium phosphate when using phosphate fertilizer as a medicine.
[0072]
In addition, when adding a chemical | medical agent, it is good to investigate beforehand the addition amount of the cement when a treated soil is manufactured, and to determine the addition amount of a chemical | medical agent according to this addition amount.
[0073]
In the improved soil produced in this way, the alkaline component resulting from the cement as the solidifying material is confined inside by the crystal coating 3 formed on the surface of the soil particles 1 or the lump 2, and elution to the outside is prevented. It is suppressed. As a result, the electrical conductivity (EC) decreases to a value suitable for plant growth.
[0074]
Therefore, even if the soil has acidity and electrical conductivity that are not suitable for greening or agricultural land, if such improved soil is used as embankment material, slope forming material or soil improvement material, acidic soil can be used as green space or farmland It becomes possible.
[0075]
Next, an example of constructing the improved soil manufactured in this way will be described.
[0076]
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the construction method of the improved soil. As can be seen from the figure, in the construction method according to the present embodiment, the modified soil 12 of the present embodiment is laminated on the acidic soil 11. . Here, the acidic soil 11 is assumed to be acidic soil exhibiting moderate acidity due to fertilizer.
[0077]
On the other hand, the neutral mixed improved soil 13 is separately manufactured by mixing the improved soil 12 and a predetermined acidic soil.
[0078]
The neutral mixed improved soil 13 has an acidic component that neutralizes the alkaline component eluted from the soil particles 1 or the lump 2 of the improved soil 12 so that the neutral mixed improved soil 13 becomes neutral as a whole. select. For example, in the improved soil 12, since the crystal coating 3 is formed on the surfaces of the soil particles 1 and the clod 2, the elution of the alkaline component is slight. Therefore, the acidic soil to be mixed with the improved soil 12 is preferably one that is moderately acidic, for example, one that is excavated and collected from acidic soil that is moderately acidic due to fertilizer.
[0079]
Next, the neutral mixed improved soil 13 thus mixed is laminated on the improved soil 12.
[0080]
Finally, the paddy field 14 which is farmland is made on the vegetation base using the neutral mixed improved soil 13.
[0081]
In this way, the acidic component from the acidic soil 11 is lowered in pH by the alkaline component slightly eluted from the improved soil 12, and the acidic component is added to the neutral mixed improved soil 13 in combination with the positional relationship of being stacked up and down. Almost no leaching. On the other hand, the neutral mixed improved soil 13 is obtained by mixing the improved soil 12 and a predetermined acidic soil, and the alkaline component slightly eluted from the improved soil 12 and the acidic component from the acidic soil are neutralized, and as a whole The soil is neutral.
[0082]
Therefore, the paddy field 14 formed using the neutral mixed improved soil 13 as a vegetation base is an environment suitable for growing plants.
[0083]
As described above, according to the improved soil and the manufacturing method thereof according to the present embodiment, it is possible to use cement waste mud that has conventionally been disposed of as industrial waste for agricultural land and green space. It becomes possible to regenerate as possible improved soil, and it is possible to reduce the volume of industrial waste and to effectively use cement waste mud that has been disposed of as a vegetation base for agricultural land or greening.
[0084]
In addition, according to the improved soil and the manufacturing method thereof according to the present embodiment, since the amount of the drug added is determined according to the amount of cement that is the solidifying material, the work of adding the drug is labor-saving, It is possible to appropriately determine the amount of drug without excess or deficiency.
[0085]
In addition, according to the neutral mixed improved soil according to the present embodiment, the acid soil is added to the improved soil described above so that it becomes neutral as a whole. Can be reused in place.
[0086]
The point that contributes to volume reduction of industrial waste is exactly the same as that of the improved soil, and it is possible to effectively use the acid soil generated when the acid soil is cut and constructed.
[0087]
Moreover, according to the construction method of the improved soil which concerns on this embodiment, even if it is a situation which cannot be used as farmland because it is acidic soil, the improved soil 12 of this embodiment is used as the lower layer, and the improved soil of this embodiment. By laminating the neutral mixed improved soil 13 to which the acidic soil is added to the upper layer, the improved soil 12 neutralizes the acidic components from the acidic soil 11 and blocks the upward infiltration, so that it spreads to the upper layer The sex-mixed improved soil 13 makes it possible to grow the plant smoothly as a good vegetation base.
[0088]
Although not particularly mentioned in the present embodiment, it is needless to say that the improved soil and the neutral mixed improved soil according to the present invention are not limited to agricultural land, and the vegetation base is covered with a slope. It can also be used as a land for planting trees.
[0089]
Furthermore, even if it is a place where greening is unnecessary, if the improved soil of this embodiment is used as a backfill material or landfill material for a shield tunnel, for example, the volume reduction of industrial waste is similarly performed as described above. Can be planned.
[0090]
In the present embodiment, the improved soil of the present invention is applied to a paddy field, but the application target may be other farmland such as a field, or may be a green field such as a park or a golf course.
[0091]
(Second Embodiment)
[0092]
Next, a second embodiment will be described. Note that components that are substantially the same as those of the above-described embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted.
[0093]
The improved soil according to the present embodiment repeats drying and wetting while stirring the treated soil in which the solidified material mainly composed of cement-based material or lime-based material is added to waste mud such as construction mud and dredged mud. A calcium carbonate film is formed on the surface of the soil particles or the lump of the treated soil.
[0094]
In order to manufacture the improved soil according to the present embodiment, first, it is necessary to prepare a treated soil in which a solidified material mainly composed of a cement-based material or a lime-based material is added to waste mud such as construction mud and dredged mud. However, as in the first embodiment, such treated soil is, for example, mechanically dewatered by using a cyclone, a screw decanter, a filter press, etc. to produce a dehydrated cake. Can be treated soil. In addition, cement is employ | adopted as a solidification material, and what is necessary is just to add this cement before pressure dehydrating, for example with a filter press.
[0095]
Next, the treated soil is put into the agitation tank or pit installed on the ground, and the treatment soil in the agitation tank or pit is repeatedly agitated and dried with repeated mixing with a mixer, a backhoe, etc. An improved soil is produced by reacting calcium hydroxide in the soil with carbon dioxide in the air to form a calcium carbonate coating on the surface of the soil particles and soil mass of the treated soil.
[0096]
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the soil particles 21 and the lump 22 of the manufactured improved soil, and it can be seen that a calcium carbonate coating 23 is formed on the surfaces of the soil particles and the lump.
[0097]
In addition, when performing dry wetting, it is preferable to examine in advance the amount of cement added when the treated soil is manufactured, and to determine various items related to the repeated steps of dry and wet according to the amount added.
[0098]
Various items related to the drying and wetting repetition process include indices necessary for repeating drying and wetting, such as the number of repetitions, the drying period, the wetting period, and the amount of water for wetting.
[0099]
In the improved soil produced in this manner, the alkaline component resulting from the cement as the solidifying material is confined inside by the calcium carbonate coating 23 formed on the surface of the soil particles 21 or the soil mass 22, and is eluted to the outside. Is suppressed. As a result, the electrical conductivity (EC) decreases to a value suitable for plant growth.
[0100]
Therefore, even if the soil has acidity and electrical conductivity that are not suitable for greening or agricultural land, if such improved soil is used as embankment material, slope forming material or soil improvement material, acidic soil can be used as green space or farmland It becomes possible.
[0101]
Next, an example of constructing the improved soil manufactured in this way will be described.
[0102]
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a method for constructing such improved soil. As can be seen from FIG. 4, in the construction method according to the present embodiment, the modified soil 32 of the present embodiment is stacked on the acidic soil 31. . Here, the acidic soil 31 assumes an acidic soil that is strongly acidic with sulfide.
[0103]
On the other hand, the neutral mixed improved soil 33 is separately manufactured by mixing the improved soil 32 and a predetermined acidic soil.
[0104]
The neutral mixed improved soil 33 has an acidic component that neutralizes the alkaline component eluted from the soil particles 21 or the soil mass 22 of the improved soil 32 so that the neutral mixed improved soil 33 becomes neutral as a whole. select. For example, in the improved soil 32, since the calcium carbonate coating 23 is formed on the surfaces of the soil particles 21 and the soil blocks 22, the alkaline component is slightly eluted. Therefore, as the acidic soil to be mixed with the improved soil 32, it is desirable that the soil is relatively strongly acidic, for example, excavated and collected from acidic soil that is strongly acidic with sulfide.
[0105]
Next, the neutral mixed improved soil 33 thus mixed is laminated on the improved soil 32.
[0106]
Finally, the paddy field 34 which is farmland is made on the vegetation base using the neutral mixed improved soil 33.
[0107]
In this way, the acidic component from the acidic soil 31 is lowered in pH by the alkaline component that is slightly eluted from the improved soil 32, and the neutral mixed improved soil 33 has almost no acidic component in combination with the positional relationship of being stacked up and down. Does not leach. On the other hand, the neutral mixed improved soil 33 is formed by mixing the improved soil 32 and a predetermined acidic soil, and the alkaline component slightly eluted from the improved soil 32 and the acidic component from the acidic soil are neutralized, and the medium as a whole. It is a natural soil.
[0108]
Therefore, the paddy field 34 formed using the neutral mixed improved soil 33 as a vegetation base is an environment suitable for growing plants.
[0109]
As described above, according to the improved soil and the manufacturing method thereof according to the present embodiment, it is possible to use cement waste mud that has conventionally been disposed of as industrial waste for agricultural land and green space. It becomes possible to regenerate as possible improved soil, and it is possible to reduce the volume of industrial waste and to effectively use cement waste mud that has been disposed of as a vegetation base for agricultural land or greening.
[0110]
In addition, according to the improved soil and the manufacturing method thereof according to the present embodiment, the matters relating to the repeated drying and wetting process are determined according to the amount of cement as the solidifying material, so that the drying and wetting operation is rationally performed. Can be done.
[0111]
In addition, according to the neutral mixed improved soil according to the present embodiment, the acid soil is added to the improved soil described above so that it becomes neutral as a whole. Can be reused in place.
[0112]
The point that contributes to volume reduction of industrial waste is exactly the same as that of the improved soil, and it is possible to effectively use the acid soil generated when the acid soil is cut and constructed.
[0113]
Moreover, according to the construction method of the improved soil which concerns on this embodiment, even if it is a situation which cannot be used as farmland because it is acidic soil, the improved soil 32 of this embodiment is used as the lower layer and the improved soil of this embodiment. By laminating the neutral mixed improved soil 33 to which the acidic soil is added in the upper layer, the improved soil 32 neutralizes the acidic components from the acidic soil 31 and blocks the upward infiltration, so that it spreads to the upper layer. In the sex mixed improved soil 33, it becomes possible to grow the plant smoothly as a good vegetation base.
[0114]
Although not particularly mentioned in the present embodiment, it is needless to say that the improved soil and the neutral mixed improved soil according to the present invention are not limited to agricultural land, and the vegetation base is covered with a slope. It can also be used as a land for planting trees.
[0115]
Furthermore, even if it is a place where greening is unnecessary, if the improved soil of this embodiment is used as a backfill material or landfill material for a shield tunnel, for example, the volume reduction of industrial waste is similarly performed as described above. Can be planned.
[0116]
In the present embodiment, the improved soil of the present invention is applied to a paddy field, but the application target may be other farmland such as a field, or may be a green field such as a park or a golf course.
[0117]
(Third embodiment)
[0118]
Next, a third embodiment will be described. Note that components that are substantially the same as those of the above-described embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted.
[0119]
The improved soil according to the present embodiment is repeatedly dried and moistened while stirring the treated soil in which the solidified material mainly composed of cement-based material or lime-based material is added to waste mud such as construction mud and dredged mud. By adding a predetermined agent, a calcium carbonate film and a crystal film are formed on the surface of the soil particles or the lump of the treated soil.
[0120]
Since the treated soil required when manufacturing the improved soil according to the present embodiment is the same as in the first and second embodiments, the description thereof is omitted here.
[0121]
When the treated soil is ready, put the treated soil into the stirring tank or pit installed on the ground, and dry and wet the treated soil in the stirred tank or pit with a mixer or backhoe as appropriate. By repeating the above, the calcium hydroxide in the treated soil reacts with carbon dioxide in the air to form a calcium carbonate film on the surface of the soil particles and the lump of the treated soil, and phosphoric acid or sulfuric acid chemical fertilizer, particularly Lime superphosphate, lime heavy superphosphate, or magnesium sulfate is added as a chemical to the treated soil to form a crystal coating on the surface of the soil particles and soil mass of the treated soil.
[0122]
Here, as the form of the medicine, since the drying of the treated soil has progressed considerably, it can be considered that it is used in the form of powder or granules.
[0123]
FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing the soil particles 41 and the lump 42 of the manufactured improved soil, and a coating 43 made of a calcium carbonate coating and a crystal coating is formed on the surfaces of the soil particles and the lump. I understand.
[0124]
Such a crystal coating is formed of calcium phosphate when phosphate fertilizer is used as a medicine.
[0125]
In addition, when performing dry wetting, it is preferable to examine in advance the amount of cement added when the treated soil is manufactured, and to determine various items related to the repeated steps of dry and wet according to the amount added.
[0126]
Various items related to the drying and wetting repetition process include indices necessary for repeating drying and wetting, such as the number of repetitions, the drying period, the wetting period, and the amount of water for wetting.
[0127]
In addition, when adding the chemical, it is preferable to check in advance the amount of cement added when the treated soil is manufactured, and to determine the amount of chemical added according to the amount added.
[0128]
In the improved soil produced in this way, the alkali component resulting from the cement as the solidifying material is confined inside by the coating 43 formed on the surface of the soil particles 41 or the soil lump 42, and the elution to the outside is suppressed. Is done. As a result, the electrical conductivity (EC) decreases to a value suitable for plant growth.
[0129]
Therefore, even if the soil has acidity and electrical conductivity that are not suitable for greening or agricultural land, if such improved soil is used as embankment material, slope forming material or soil improvement material, acidic soil can be used as green space or farmland It becomes possible.
[0130]
Next, an example of constructing the improved soil manufactured in this way will be described.
[0131]
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the construction method of the improved soil. As can be seen from the figure, in the construction method according to the present embodiment, the modified soil 52 of the present embodiment is laminated on the acidic soil 51. . Here, it is assumed that the acidic soil 51 is an acidic soil in which a base is leached due to precipitation or the like and is weakly acidified by aluminum in the clay.
[0132]
On the other hand, the neutral mixed improved soil 53 is separately manufactured by mixing the improved soil 52 and the predetermined acidic soil.
[0133]
The neutral mixed improved soil 53 has an acidic component to the extent that the acidic soil used for the neutral mixed improved soil 53 neutralizes the alkaline component eluted from the soil particles 41 or the soil mass 42 of the improved soil 52 so as to be neutral as a whole. select. For example, in the improved soil 52, since the coating 43 composed of a calcium carbonate coating and a crystal coating is formed on the surfaces of the soil particles 41 and the lump 42, almost no alkaline component is eluted. Therefore, the acid soil to be mixed with the improved soil 52 is preferably one that has been excavated and collected from acidic soil that has been leached by precipitation or the like and weakened by the aluminum in the clay.
[0134]
Next, the neutral mixed improved soil 53 thus mixed is laminated on the improved soil 52.
[0135]
Finally, a paddy field 54 as farmland is formed on the vegetation base using the neutral mixed improved soil 53.
[0136]
In this case, even if an acidic component infiltrates into the improved soil 52 from the acidic soil 51, the pH is lowered by the alkaline component that is slightly eluted from the improved soil 52, and the neutrality is coupled with the positional relationship of the upper and lower layers. The acidic component hardly leaches into the mixed improved soil 53. On the other hand, the neutral mixed improved soil 53 is formed by mixing the improved soil 52 and a predetermined acidic soil, and the alkaline component slightly eluted from the improved soil 52 and the acidic component from the acidic soil are neutralized, and the medium as a whole. It is a natural soil.
[0137]
Therefore, the paddy field 54 formed with the neutral mixed improved soil 53 as a vegetation base is an environment suitable for growing plants.
[0138]
As described above, according to the improved soil and the manufacturing method thereof according to the present embodiment, it is possible to use cement waste mud that has conventionally been disposed of as industrial waste for agricultural land and green space. It becomes possible to regenerate as possible improved soil, and it is possible to reduce the volume of industrial waste and to effectively use cement waste mud that has been disposed of as a vegetation base for agricultural land or greening.
[0139]
In addition, according to the improved soil and the manufacturing method thereof according to the present embodiment, the matters relating to the repeated drying and wetting process are determined according to the amount of cement as the solidifying material, so that the drying and wetting operation is rationally performed. Can be done.
[0140]
In addition, according to the improved soil and the manufacturing method thereof according to the present embodiment, since the amount of the drug added is determined according to the amount of cement that is the solidifying material, the work of adding the drug is labor-saving, It is possible to appropriately determine the amount of drug without excess or deficiency.
[0141]
Further, according to the improved soil and the manufacturing method thereof according to the present embodiment, the calcium carbonate coating is formed by carbon dioxide in the air, and the crystal coating is formed by the chemical agent on the soil particles and the lump respectively. And it becomes possible to suppress more reliably.
[0142]
In addition, according to the neutral mixed improved soil according to the present embodiment, the acid soil is added to the improved soil described above so that it becomes neutral as a whole. Can be reused in place.
[0143]
The point that contributes to volume reduction of industrial waste is exactly the same as that of the improved soil, and it is possible to effectively use the acid soil generated when the acid soil is cut and constructed.
[0144]
Moreover, according to the construction method of the improved soil which concerns on this embodiment, even if it is a situation which cannot be used as farmland because it is acidic soil, the improved soil 52 of this embodiment is used as the lower layer and the improved soil of this embodiment. By laminating the neutral mixed improved soil 53 to which the acidic soil is added in the upper layer, the improved soil 52 neutralizes the acidic components from the acidic soil 51 and blocks the upward penetration, so that the upper layer is expanded to the upper layer. The sex mixed improved soil 53 makes it possible to grow the plant smoothly as a good vegetation base.
[0145]
Although not particularly mentioned in the present embodiment, it is needless to say that the improved soil and the neutral mixed improved soil according to the present invention are not limited to agricultural land, and the vegetation base is covered with a slope. It can also be used as a land for planting trees.
[0146]
Furthermore, even if it is a place where greening is unnecessary, if the improved soil of this embodiment is used as a backfill material or landfill material for a shield tunnel, for example, the volume reduction of industrial waste is similarly performed as described above. Can be planned.
[0147]
In the present embodiment, the improved soil of the present invention is applied to a paddy field, but the application target may be other farmland such as a field, or may be a green field such as a park or a golf course.
[0148]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the improved soil and its manufacturing method and construction method according to the present invention, cement waste mud, which has conventionally only been disposed as industrial waste, is used for agricultural land and green space. This makes it possible to recycle as an improved soil, which can reduce the volume of industrial waste, and can effectively use cement waste mud that has been disposed of as a vegetation base for agricultural land or greening.
[0149]
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of soil particles and a lump taken out from improved soil according to a first embodiment.
FIG. 2 is a view showing a construction method of improved soil according to the first embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of soil particles and a lump taken out from the improved soil according to the second embodiment.
FIG. 4 is a view showing a construction method of improved soil according to a second embodiment.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of soil particles and a lump taken out from the improved soil according to the third embodiment.
FIG. 6 is a view showing a construction method of improved soil according to a third embodiment.
[Explanation of symbols]
1, 21, 41 Soil particles
2, 22, 42
3 Crystal coating
11, 31, 51 Acidic soil
12, 32, 52 Improved soil
13, 33, 53 Neutral mixed improved soil
23 Calcium carbonate coating
43 Coating (calcium carbonate coating, crystal coating)

Claims (3)

建設泥土、浚渫泥土等の排泥にセメント系材料又は石灰系材料を主成分とする固化材が添加されてなる処理土を攪拌しながら該処理土に燐酸系又は硫酸系化学肥料を添加して前記処理土の土粒子又は土塊の表面に結晶被膜を形成してなる改良土を酸性土壌の上に積層し、次いで該改良土の上に中性混合改良土を積層して該中性混合改良土の上を農地又は緑地とする改良土の施工方法であって、前記中性混合改良土を前記改良土と所定の酸性土とを混合して製造することを特徴とする改良土の施工方法。  Add a phosphate or sulfuric acid chemical fertilizer to the treated soil while stirring the treated soil in which the solidified material mainly composed of cement-based material or lime-based material is added to waste mud such as construction mud and dredged mud Improvement soil obtained by forming a crystal film on the surface of the soil particles or lump of the treated soil is laminated on the acid soil, and then the neutral mixed improvement soil is laminated on the improved soil to improve the neutral mixing A method for constructing improved soil, wherein the soil is farmland or green, wherein the neutral mixed improved soil is produced by mixing the improved soil and a predetermined acidic soil. . 建設泥土、浚渫泥土等の排泥にセメント系材料又は石灰系材料を主成分とする固化材が添加されてなる処理土を攪拌しながら乾燥湿潤を繰り返すことで前記処理土の土粒子又は土塊の表面に炭酸カルシウム被膜を形成してなる改良土を酸性土壌の上に積層し、次いで該改良土の上に中性混合改良土を積層して該中性混合改良土の上を農地又は緑地とする改良土の施工方法であって、前記中性混合改良土を前記改良土と所定の酸性土とを混合して製造することを特徴とする改良土の施工方法。  By repeating drying and wetting while stirring the treated soil in which the solidified material mainly composed of cement-based material or lime-based material is added to the waste mud such as construction mud and dredged mud, the soil particles or the lump of the treated soil An improved soil formed by forming a calcium carbonate film on the surface is laminated on the acid soil, and then a neutral mixed improved soil is stacked on the improved soil, and the neutral mixed improved soil is farmed or green. A method for constructing improved soil, wherein the neutral mixed modified soil is produced by mixing the modified soil with a predetermined acidic soil. 建設泥土、浚渫泥土等の排泥にセメント系材料又は石灰系材料を主成分とする固化材が添加されてなる処理土を攪拌しながら乾燥湿潤を繰り返すとともに燐酸系又は硫酸系化学肥料を添加することで、前記処理土の土粒子又は土塊の表面に炭酸カルシウム被膜及び結晶被膜を形成してなる改良土を酸性土壌の上に積層し、次いで該改良土の上に中性混合改良土を積層して該中性混合改良土の上を農地又は緑地とする改良土の施工方法であって、前記中性混合改良土を前記改良土と所定の酸性土とを混合して製造することを特徴とする改良土の施工方法。  Repeated drying and wetting while stirring the treated soil made by adding cement-based material or lime-based solidified material to waste mud such as construction mud and dredged mud, and adding phosphoric or sulfuric chemical fertilizer Then, the improved soil formed by forming a calcium carbonate film and a crystal film on the surface of the soil particles or the lump of the treated soil is laminated on the acidic soil, and then the neutral mixed improved soil is laminated on the improved soil. A method for constructing an improved soil, wherein the neutral mixed improved soil is farmland or green space, wherein the neutral mixed improved soil is produced by mixing the improved soil with a predetermined acidic soil. The improved soil construction method.
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