JP3463542B2 - Improvement method of alkaline ground - Google Patents
Improvement method of alkaline groundInfo
- Publication number
- JP3463542B2 JP3463542B2 JP29339597A JP29339597A JP3463542B2 JP 3463542 B2 JP3463542 B2 JP 3463542B2 JP 29339597 A JP29339597 A JP 29339597A JP 29339597 A JP29339597 A JP 29339597A JP 3463542 B2 JP3463542 B2 JP 3463542B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- lime
- improved soil
- superphosphate
- improving
- alkaline ground
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B3/00—Fertilisers based essentially on di-calcium phosphate
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B1/00—Superphosphates, i.e. fertilisers produced by reacting rock or bone phosphates with sulfuric or phosphoric acid in such amounts and concentrations as to yield solid products directly
- C05B1/02—Superphosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Consolidation Of Soil By Introduction Of Solidifying Substances Into Soil (AREA)
- Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、セメント・石灰等
で処理されたアルカリ地盤を、主として緑化用に改良す
る方法に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】場所打ち杭や地中連続壁といった基礎工
事あるいはシールドトンネル工事においては、建設泥土
が多量に発生する。また、水質汚染を防止するため、そ
の原因となるヘドロ層を浚渫によって除去することがあ
るが、かかる浚渫工事においても浚渫泥土が多量に発生
する。
【０００３】このような発生土は、従来であれば脱水、
ｐＨ処理といった処理を経た後、産業廃棄物として処分
されることが多かったが、資源の有効利用や環境保護あ
るいは処分コストの低減といった観点から言えば、でき
るだけ再利用されることが望ましい。
【０００４】このような背景の下、最近では、発生土に
セメント系材料または石灰系材料を添加混合して強度を
改善し、かかる改良土を盛土材、斜面形成材、遮水壁の
構築材あるいは裏込め等の空洞充填材として有効利用さ
れることが多くなってきた。
【０００５】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】しかしながら、かかる
改良土が使用された箇所では、セメント系材料や石灰系
材料が添加されている関係上、アルカリ性が強くて植物
の生育に適さない環境となり、緑化することが非常に困
難となるという問題を生じていた。
【０００６】なお、どうしても緑化が必要な場合には、
健全な良質土を客土するか、硫酸、硫酸第一鉄、イオウ
華といった薬剤を添加して中和する等の方法が考えられ
なくもないが、前者の方法ではコストがかかりすぎると
いう問題が生じ、後者の方法では、薬剤が危険物である
ので取り扱いに十分な配慮が必要になるとともに作業に
あたっては有資格者が必要となるという新たな問題が生
じる。また、後者の方法では、適量を添加することが難
しく、ややもすれば過剰添加となって酸性地盤になって
しまうことも少なくなかった。
【０００７】本発明は、上述した事情を考慮してなされ
たもので、セメント系材料や石灰系材料が添加された改
良土が使用された箇所においても確実に緑化を行うこと
が可能なアルカリ地盤の改良方法を提供することを目的
とする。
【０００８】
【課題を解決するための手段】上記目的を達成するた
め、本発明のアルカリ地盤の改良方法は請求項１に記載
したように、セメント系材料もしくは石灰系材料で処理
された改良土に含まれる水酸化カルシウムと反応するこ
とによって難溶性の塩を形成する薬剤を前記改良土に添
加するアルカリ地盤の改良方法であって、前記薬剤を硫
酸マグネシウムとし、その添加量を前記改良土の単位容
積当たり、２〜５重量％とするものである。
【０００９】
【００１０】
【００１１】本発明に係るアルカリ地盤の改良方法にお
いては、セメント系材料もしくは石灰系材料で処理され
た改良土に含まれる水酸化カルシウムと反応することに
よって難溶性の塩を形成する薬剤を該改良土に添加す
る。
【００１２】このようにすると、水酸化カルシウムの水
酸化イオンは難溶性の塩に取り込まれあるいは水に変化
し、改良土のアルカリ度は、緑化を行うのに十分な程度
まで低下する。
【００１３】薬剤の添加の仕方としては、改良土を例え
ば覆土したり堤体材として使用する前に該改良土に添加
するようにしてもよいし、覆土や堤体が施工された後で
薬剤を散布し、必要に応じて適宜耕耘し改良土と混ぜる
ようにしてもよい。
【００１４】薬剤としては、改良土に含まれる水酸化カ
ルシウムと反応して難溶性の塩を形成するものであれば
どのようなものでもよいが、該薬剤を燐酸系若しくは硫
酸系化学肥料とするならば、比較的入手が容易で安全性
も高く、過剰散布による影響も少ない。
【００１５】特に、前記薬剤を過燐酸石灰、重過燐酸石
灰若しくは硫酸マグネシウムとするならば、電気伝導度
（ＥＣ）をあまり上昇させることなく、ｐＨを１０程度
に下げることが可能となり、植物の成長に適した環境を
作り出すことができる。
【００１６】
【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明に係るアルカリ地盤
の改良方法の実施の形態について、添付図面を参照して
説明する。なお、従来技術と実質的に同一の部品等につ
いては同一の符号を付してその説明を省略する。
【００１７】図１は、本実施形態に係るアルカリ地盤の
改良方法を示した略図である。同図でわかるように、本
実施形態に係るアルカリ地盤の改良方法においては、ま
ず、同図(a)に示すように、セメント系材料もしくは石
灰系材料で処理された改良土１が堤体材の一部として使
用されている斜面２上に薬剤、特に燐酸系若しくは硫酸
系化学肥料としての過燐酸石灰、重過燐酸石灰若しくは
硫酸マグネシウム４を散布管３を用いて散布する。
【００１８】次に、必要に応じて斜面２上を適宜耕耘
し、これらの薬剤４と改良土１とを混ぜる。
【００１９】このようにすると、改良土１に含まれてい
た水酸化カルシウムは、過燐酸石灰、重過燐酸石灰若し
くは硫酸マグネシウム４と反応して難溶性の塩を形成
し、かくして、改良土１のアルカリ度は、緑化を行うの
に十分な程度まで低下する。
【００２０】次に、このような化学反応が進行するのを
待って、同図(b)に示すように斜面２に植物５を植栽
し、緑化を行う。
【００２１】以上説明したように、本実施形態に係るア
ルカリ地盤の改良方法によれば、改良土１に含まれてい
る水酸化カルシウムが過燐酸石灰、重過燐酸石灰若しく
は硫酸マグネシウム３といった薬剤と反応して難溶性の
塩を形成するので、改良土１を含む斜面２のアルカリ度
が低下し、緑化に適した環境を作ることが可能となる。
【００２２】また、本実施形態によれば、薬剤として燐
酸系若しくは硫酸系化学肥料を用いるようにしたので、
入手が容易であるとともに、散布を行う作業員には特別
な資格が必要とされない。また、散布時の安全性が高
く、しかも過剰散布の場合の悪影響が少ない。
【００２３】また、本実施形態によれば、かかる化学肥
料として、特に過燐酸石灰、重過燐酸石灰若しくは硫酸
マグネシウムを使用するようにしたので、後述するよう
に、電気伝導度ＥＣをあまり上昇させることなく、ｐＨ
を１０程度に下げることが可能となり、ほとんどの植物
を生育させる環境を作り出すことができる。
【００２４】図２は、本実施形態に係るアルカリ地盤の
改良方法における作用効果を確認した実験の結果を示し
たグラフである。同グラフに示す実験は、過燐酸石灰、
重過燐酸石灰、硫酸マグネシウム、硫酸カリ苦土をそれ
ぞれ改良土に添加してｐＨの低下状況を調べた結果であ
り、同グラフから、硫酸カリ苦土を除く上述の３つの薬
剤については、単位容積当たりの添加量を２〜５重量％
程度添加することによって、ｐＨが１０程度まで低下し
ていることがわかる。
【００２５】また、同グラフ(b)に示す実験は、同じケ
ースについて電気伝導度ＥＣの増加状況を調べた結果で
あり、同グラフからは、上述した添加量の下では、電気
伝導度ＥＣが２ｍｓ／ｃｍ程度までしか上昇せず、植物
の成長にはほとんど影響しないであろうことが考察され
る。
【００２６】これらのグラフから得られた結果の原因と
して、過燐酸石灰若しくは重過燐酸石灰の場合について
は、それらに含まれている燐酸成分と水酸化カルシウム
とが
Ｈ3ＰＯ4＋Ｃａ(ＯＨ)2 →ＣａＨＰＯ4＋２Ｈ2Ｏ
または
２Ｈ3ＰＯ4＋３Ｃａ(ＯＨ)2 →Ｃａ3(ＰＯ4)2＋６Ｈ2
Ｏ
という形で反応して、水酸化カルシウムが難溶性のＣａ
ＨＰＯ4あるいはＣａ3(ＰＯ4)2 と水に変化し、ｐＨが
低下したものと予想される。
【００２７】また、硫酸マグネシウムの場合について
は、
ＭｇＳＯ4 ＋ Ｃａ(ＯＨ)2 → Ｍｇ(ＯＨ)2 ＋
ＣａＳＯ4
という形で反応し、水酸化イオンが難溶性であるＭｇ
(ＯＨ)2 に取り込まれることとなって、ｐＨが低下した
ものと予想される。
【００２８】表１は、本実施形態に係るアルカリ地盤の
改良方法における作用効果を実際の植物について確認し
た実験結果を示した表である。
【００２９】
【表１】
同表に示す実験は、薬剤を添加しない場合をはじめ、過
燐酸石灰、重過燐酸石灰、硫酸マグネシウム、硫酸カリ
苦土をそれぞれ添加した合計５ケースについてそれぞれ
添加量を変化させてコマツナの生育状況を調べた結果で
あり、同表からは、過燐酸石灰、重過燐酸石灰及び硫酸
マグネシウムを添加した改良土については、コマツナの
生育状況について明らかな改善効果が見られる。なお、
本実験では、改良土内のアルカリ成分が植物の成長にも
っとも影響を与える結果となるよう、改良土の水分を飽
和状態として行った。
【００３０】本実施形態では、堤体材に使用された改良
土について本発明を適用した例を説明したが、本発明
は、改良土の用途について限定するものではなく、堤体
材以外にも盛土などにも適用することができることは言
うまでもない。
【００３１】
【発明の効果】以上述べたように、請求項１に係る本発
明のアルカリ地盤の改良方法によれば、改良土のアルカ
リ度が低下し、緑化に適した環境を作ることが可能とな
るとともに、電気伝導度ＥＣをあまり上昇させることな
く、ｐＨを１０程度に下げることが可能となり、ほとん
どの植物を生育させる環境を作り出すことができる。
【００３２】
【００３３】
【００３４】Description: BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for improving alkaline ground treated with cement, lime, etc., mainly for greening. 2. Description of the Related Art In foundation works such as cast-in-place piles and underground continuous walls or shield tunnel works, a large amount of construction mud is generated. In addition, in order to prevent water pollution, the sludge layer that causes the water pollution may be removed by dredging. However, even in such dredging work, a large amount of dredged mud is generated. [0003] Such generated soil is conventionally dewatered,
After treatment such as pH treatment, it is often disposed of as industrial waste. However, from the viewpoint of effective use of resources, environmental protection and reduction of disposal costs, it is desirable to reuse as much as possible. Under such a background, recently, a cement-based material or a lime-based material has been added to and mixed with the generated soil to improve the strength, and the improved soil has been used as an embankment material, a slope forming material, and a construction material for a water barrier wall. Or, it is often used effectively as a cavity filling material such as backfill. [0005] However, in places where such improved soil is used, an environment which is strongly alkaline and is not suitable for plant growth due to the addition of cement-based materials and lime-based materials. And it is very difficult to green. [0006] When greening is absolutely necessary,
There is no conceivable way to add healthy high-quality soil to the soil, or to add a chemical such as sulfuric acid, ferrous sulfate, and sulfur to neutralize it, but the former method is too costly. In the latter method, a new problem arises in that the medicine is a dangerous substance, so that sufficient care must be taken in handling and a qualified person is required for work. In addition, in the latter method, it is difficult to add an appropriate amount, and in some cases, excessive addition may cause acid ground. The present invention has been made in consideration of the above-described circumstances, and has been made in consideration of the above circumstances, and is an alkaline ground which can reliably perform greening even in a place where improved soil to which a cement-based material or a lime-based material is added is used. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for improving. [0008] In order to achieve the above object, according to the present invention, there is provided a method for improving an alkaline ground, comprising the steps of: improving soil treated with a cement-based material or a lime-based material; A method for improving an alkaline ground, comprising adding an agent which forms a hardly soluble salt by reacting with calcium hydroxide contained in the improved soil, wherein the agent is magnesium sulfate, and the amount of the agent is adjusted by the amount of the improved soil. It is 2 to 5% by weight per unit volume. In the method for improving alkaline ground according to the present invention, a hardly soluble salt is formed by reacting with calcium hydroxide contained in an improved soil treated with a cement-based material or a lime-based material. The forming agent is added to the modified soil. In this case, the hydroxide ions of calcium hydroxide are incorporated into the hardly soluble salt or are converted into water, and the alkalinity of the improved soil is reduced to a level sufficient for greening. As a method of adding the chemical, the improved soil may be added to the improved soil before the soil is covered or used as a bank material, for example, or the chemical may be added after the soil or the embankment is constructed. May be scattered and plowed as necessary to mix with the improved soil. As the chemical, any chemical can be used as long as it reacts with calcium hydroxide contained in the improved soil to form a hardly soluble salt, and the chemical is a phosphoric acid or sulfuric acid chemical fertilizer. If so, it is relatively easy to obtain, high in safety, and less affected by overspray. In particular, if the agent is lime superphosphate, lime heavy superphosphate or magnesium sulfate, it is possible to lower the pH to about 10 without significantly increasing the electric conductivity (EC), and to reduce the pH of the plant. An environment suitable for growth can be created. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of a method for improving an alkaline ground according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is to be noted that the same reference numerals are given to components and the like that are substantially the same as those in the conventional technology, and description thereof will be omitted. FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a method for improving an alkaline ground according to the present embodiment. As can be seen from the figure, in the method for improving the alkaline ground according to the present embodiment, first, as shown in the figure (a), the improved soil 1 treated with a cement-based material or a lime-based material is used for embankment material. A chemical, in particular, lime superphosphate, heavy superphosphate lime or magnesium sulfate 4 as a phosphoric acid-based or sulfuric acid-based chemical fertilizer is sprayed on a slope 2 used as a part of the spraying pipe 3 using a spray tube 3. Next, if necessary, the slope 2 is plowed appropriately, and these chemicals 4 and the improved soil 1 are mixed. In this way, the calcium hydroxide contained in the improved soil 1 reacts with lime superphosphate, lime heavy superphosphate or magnesium sulfate 4 to form a hardly soluble salt, and thus, the improved soil 1 Alkalinity is reduced to an extent sufficient for greening. Next, after such a chemical reaction has progressed, a plant 5 is planted on the slope 2 as shown in FIG. As described above, according to the method for improving the alkaline ground according to the present embodiment, calcium hydroxide contained in the improved soil 1 is mixed with a chemical such as lime superphosphate, lime heavy superphosphate or magnesium sulfate 3. Since the salt reacts to form a hardly soluble salt, the alkalinity of the slope 2 including the improved soil 1 is reduced, and an environment suitable for greening can be created. In addition, according to the present embodiment, a phosphate or sulfuric acid chemical fertilizer is used as a chemical,
It is easy to obtain and does not require special qualifications for sprayers. Moreover, the safety at the time of spraying is high, and the adverse effect in the case of excessive spraying is small. According to the present embodiment, lime superphosphate, lime heavy superphosphate or magnesium sulfate is particularly used as such a fertilizer, so that the electric conductivity EC is significantly increased as described later. Without pH
Can be reduced to about 10, and an environment in which most plants can grow can be created. FIG. 2 is a graph showing the results of an experiment confirming the operation and effect of the method for improving alkaline ground according to the present embodiment. The experiment shown in the graph is for lime superphosphate,
It is the result of examining the state of pH decrease by adding lime heavy superphosphate, magnesium sulfate, and potassium sulfate to the improved soil. From the same graph, the above three chemicals excluding potassium sulfate were united. 2-5% by weight per volume
It can be seen that the pH has been lowered to about 10 by the addition. The experiment shown in the graph (b) is a result of examining the increase of the electric conductivity EC in the same case. From the graph, it can be seen that the electric conductivity EC does not increase under the above-mentioned addition amount. It is considered that this rises only to about 2 ms / cm and will have little effect on plant growth. As a cause of the results obtained from these graphs, in the case of lime superphosphate or lime superphosphate, the phosphoric acid component and calcium hydroxide contained therein are H 3 PO 4 + Ca (OH) 2 → CaHPO 4 + 2H 2 O or 2H 3 PO 4 + 3Ca (OH) 2 → Ca 3 (PO 4 ) 2 + 6H 2
O 2 reacts and calcium hydroxide becomes hardly soluble Ca
It is expected that the pH changed to HPO 4 or Ca 3 (PO 4 ) 2 and water and the pH decreased. In the case of magnesium sulfate, MgSO 4 + Ca (OH) 2 → Mg (OH) 2 +
MgO reacts in the form of CaSO 4 , and the hydroxide ion is hardly soluble.
It is expected that the pH was lowered by being incorporated into (OH) 2 . Table 1 is a table showing the results of experiments in which the effects of the method for improving alkaline ground according to the present embodiment were confirmed for actual plants. [Table 1] In the experiments shown in the table, the growth status of Komatsuna was investigated by changing the amount of addition for each of the five cases in which lime, superphosphate, lime, magnesium sulfate, and potassium sulfate were added. From the table, it can be seen from the table that the improved soil to which lime superphosphate, lime heavy superphosphate and magnesium sulfate were added has a clear improvement effect on the growth state of Komatsuna. In addition,
In this experiment, the moisture of the improved soil was saturated so that the alkaline component in the improved soil had the most effect on the growth of the plant. In this embodiment, an example in which the present invention is applied to the improved soil used for the embankment material has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to the use of the improved soil, and may be applied to materials other than the embankment material. Needless to say, it can be applied to embankment and the like. As described above, according to the method for improving alkaline ground of the present invention according to claim 1, the alkalinity of the improved soil is reduced, and an environment suitable for greening can be created. At the same time, the pH can be lowered to about 10 without significantly increasing the electric conductivity EC, and an environment in which most plants grow can be created. ## EQU1 ##
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本実施形態に係るアルカリ地盤の改良方法の略
図。
【図２】本実施形態に係るアルカリ地盤の改良方法の作
用を示すグラフ。
【符号の説明】
１ 改良土
４ 過燐酸石灰、重過燐酸石灰若し
くは硫酸マグネシウム（燐酸系若しくは硫酸系化学肥
料、薬剤）BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a method for improving alkaline ground according to the present embodiment. FIG. 2 is a graph showing the operation of the method for improving alkaline ground according to the embodiment. [Description of Signs] 1 Improved soil 4 Lime superphosphate, Lime superphosphate, or magnesium sulfate (phosphoric or sulfuric chemical fertilizers, chemicals)
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (51)Int.Cl.7 識別記号 ＦＩ // Ｃ０９Ｋ 109:00 Ｃ０９Ｋ 109:00 (58)調査した分野(Int.Cl.7，ＤＢ名) C09K 17/02 C05G 3/04 C09K 17/06 E02D 3/00 E02D 3/12 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (51) Int.Cl. 7 identification code FI // C09K 109: 00 C09K 109: 00 (58) Field surveyed (Int.Cl. 7 , DB name) C09K 17/02 C05G 3 / 04 C09K 17/06 E02D 3/00 E02D 3/12
Claims (1)
理された改良土に含まれる水酸化カルシウムと反応する
ことによって難溶性の塩を形成する薬剤を前記改良土に
添加するアルカリ地盤の改良方法であって、前記薬剤を
硫酸マグネシウムとし、その添加量を前記改良土の単位
容積当たり、２〜５重量％とすることを特徴とするアル
カリ地盤の改良方法。(57) [Claim 1] An agent which forms a hardly soluble salt by reacting with calcium hydroxide contained in an improved soil treated with a cement-based material or a lime-based material is used as the improved soil. A method for improving an alkaline ground, wherein the agent is magnesium sulfate and the amount of addition is 2 to 5% by weight per unit volume of the improved soil.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP29339597A JP3463542B2 (en) | 1997-10-09 | 1997-10-09 | Improvement method of alkaline ground |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP29339597A JP3463542B2 (en) | 1997-10-09 | 1997-10-09 | Improvement method of alkaline ground |
Related Child Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003154785A Division JP4003072B2 (en) | 2003-05-30 | 2003-05-30 | Alkaline ground improvement method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH11116952A JPH11116952A (en) | 1999-04-27 |
| JP3463542B2 true JP3463542B2 (en) | 2003-11-05 |
Family
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| JP29339597A Expired - Fee Related JP3463542B2 (en) | 1997-10-09 | 1997-10-09 | Improvement method of alkaline ground |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007204757A (en) * | 2007-02-23 | 2007-08-16 | Ohbayashi Corp | Improved soil and method for producing the same |
| CN111567176B (en) * | 2020-05-14 | 2022-04-12 | 天津市方正建设监理有限公司 | Saline-alkali soil greening improvement method |
| CN117185719A (en) * | 2023-08-24 | 2023-12-08 | 江苏苏盐井神股份有限公司 | Method for designing key parameters of alkaline residue cement stone ash of pavement base layer based on environmental protection requirement |
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1997
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Also Published As
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| JPH11116952A (en) | 1999-04-27 |
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